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Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies in males worldwide, and its development and progression involve the regulation of multiple metabolic pathways. Alterations in lipid metabolism affect the proliferation and metastatic capabilities of PCa cells. Cancer cells increase lipid synthesis and regulate fatty acid oxidation to meet their growth and energy demands. Similarly, changes occur in amino acid metabolism in PCa. Cancer cells exhibit an increased demand for specific amino acids, and they regulate amino acid transport and metabolic pathways to fulfill their proliferation and survival requirements. These changes are closely associated with disease progression and treatment response in PCa cells. Therefore, a comprehensive investigation of the metabolic characteristics of PCa is expected to offer novel insights and approaches for the early diagnosis and treatment of this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To assess the relationship between novel insulin resistance (IR) indices and the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This is a cross‐sectional study involving 2211 patients. The study outcomes were DR events. The study exposures were IR indices including estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR), natural logarithm of glucose disposal rate (lnGDR), metabolic insulin resistance score (METS‐IR), triglyceride glucose index‐body mass index (TyG‐BMI), triglyceride glucose index‐waist‐to‐hip ratio (TyG‐WHR), and triglyceride/high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol(TG/HDL‐c ratio). We used binary and multivariate ordered logistic regression models to estimate the association between different IR indices and the presence and severity of DR. Subject work characteristic curves were used to assess the predictive power of different IR indices for DR. Results: DR was present in 25.4% of participants. After adjusting for all covariates, per standard deviation (SD) increases in eGDR (ratio [OR] 0.38 [95% CI 0.32–0.44]), lnGDR (0.34 [0.27–0.42]) were negatively associated with the presence of DR. In contrast, per SD increases in METS‐IR (1.97 [1.70–2.28]), TyG‐BMI (1.94 [1.68–2.25]), TyG‐WHR (2.34 [2.01–2.72]) and TG/HDL‐c ratio (1.21 [1.08–1.36]) were positively associated with the presence of DR. eGDR was strongly associated with severity of DR. Of all variables, eGDR had the strongest diagnostic value for DR (AUC = 0.757). Conclusions: Of the six IR indices, eGDR was significantly associated with the presence and severity of DR in patients with type 2 diabetes. eGDR has a good predictive value for DR. Thus, eGDR maybe a stronger marker of DR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) has been recently extended from ferroelectrics to ferromagnets, especially for giant magnetostrictive materials. The giant magnetostrictive system in turn presents abundant research opportunities on MPB investigation. In this work, we demonstrate that a magnetic-ordering tricritical type MPB near room temperature can be constructed in the Tb x Ho 1 − x (Fe 0.9 Co 0.1 ) 2 magnetostrictive system. An ultrahigh magnetostrictive sensitivity is obtained that achieves the performance of the commercial Tb 0.27 Dy 0.73 Fe 2 (Terfenol-D) polycrystal in the Tb 0.2 Ho 0.8 (Fe 0.9 Co 0.1 ) 2 alloy. The detailed domain microstructures near the magnetic-ordering tricritical region are determined using phase-field simulations. Our results provide the underlying insights of magnetic-ordering tricritical MPB needed to guide the design of ultrasensitive magnetostrictive materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1 on the phosphorylation status of the C-terminal domain (CTD) in vitro is shown by inhibiting the CTD phosphatase FCP1 and stimulating CTD phosphorylation by cdc2/cyclin B. thus, a significant role is played by Pin1 in regulating RNAP II CTD structure and function.

The blast-resistance capacity of different polyurea-coated plates and box structures subjected to blast loads was investigated. For polyurea-steel plates, two methods were adopted; steel plates of three thicknesses (2.0, 1.5 and 1.2 mm) and two types (no polyurea and with polyurea on the front face) with the same areal density of 15.7 kg/m² were considered under explosive loading by 40 g TNT; steel plates of two thicknesses (1.5 and 1.2 mm) and three types (no polyurea, with polyurea on the front face and with polyuria on the back face) with the same steel thickness respectively were subjected to 60 g TNT. Then experiments of polyurea-steel box under implosive loading were conducted by 140 g TNT. Deformation and failure were compared with each event and effects of polyurea coating on the performance of structures were analyzed further. Results from the experiments reveal that polyurea coating does not contribute to the performance of steel plates with the same areal density, while polyurea coating can improve the blast resistance of steel plates and steel boxes with the same steel thickness under explosive and implosive loading. And polyurea cast on the back face exhibits better performance than that on the front face. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]