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[Objective] The spatio-temporal variation and spatial distribution of carbon stocks since 2000 were analyzed in order to provide effective guidance for land management decision-making and ecosystem carbon pool management in Anhui Province in the future. [Methods] The PLUS model was used with land use data in Anhui Province over five periods (2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020) to simulate land use patterns under different scenarios in 2030 and 2040. The InVEST model was applied to quantitatively assess the spatial changes of carbon stocks in terrestrial ecosystems under different scenarios. [Results] ① Approximately 8.03% of the land changed classification from 2000 to 2020, and the change between cultivated land and construction land was the fundamental element of land use change in Anhui Province. ② Between 2000 and 2020, the total amount of carbon stored in terrestrial ecosystems decreased by 1.01×108 t. High values of carbon density were primarily found in the hilly regions of Southern and Western Anhui Province. The spatial distribution of carbon density exhibited a pattern of “high in the south and low in the north.” ③ From 2020 to 2040, carbon stocks for the natural development scenario clearly declined, while the decrease in carbon stocks for the cultivated land preservation scenario slowed down. Carbon stocks for the ecological protection scenario increased significantly, with an increment of 3.07×107 t. [Conclusion] Implementing ecological conservation policies can effectively increase carbon stocks of regional ecosystems and enhance ecosystem service functions. Ecological conservation and cultivated land protection should be considered in future land use management decisions to promote the environmentally harmless and sustainable development of regional ecosystems.

Background In China, team-based service delivery model is a major emerging model for contracted family doctor services, but there is a lack of a tool for assessing the overall effectiveness of the family doctorteam. Objective To develop a IMOI model-based system for assessing the effectiveness of family doctor teams in Beijing, aiming at proving a tool for guiding the improvement and continuous development of the family doctor team. Methods The first draft of the Family Doctor Team Effectiveness Evaluation System (FDTEES) was developed using literature review and personal interview. Then the indicators of the system were assessed and revised according to consensuses of our analysis and the results of two rounds of consultations carried out between May and July 2021 using the Delphi technique (one was conducted with 24 experts, and the other with 21 experts) . The weight of the indicators of the system was determined by and analytic network process. Results The response rate of experts in the first, and second round of consultation was 87.5% (21/24) , and 100.0% (21/21) , respectively. The authority coefficients for the consultations ranged from 0.88 to 0.91. Kendall's W for the importance and applicability of the indicators of the FDTEES was 0.138 (P

Patients with liver cirrhosis often experience factors such as malnutrition and lack of exercise, leading to reduced quality of life. Insufficient social support is related to self-management in patients with chronic diseases. Therefore, this study explores the mediating role of social support in the relationship between self-management and quality of life, analyzing the impact of exercise frequency and malnutrition risk assessment on social support, self-management, and quality of life. Using a convenience sampling method, cross-sectional data were collected from 257 patients with liver cirrhosis at the infectious disease department of a tertiary hospital in Zunyi, China, from 2021 to 2022. The patients were evaluated using a demographic questionnaire, the Self-Management Behavior Scale for Liver Cirrhosis Patients, the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), the Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire (CLDQ), and the Royal Free Hospital Nutritional Prioritizing Tool (RFH-NPT). Data were analyzed using SPSS and PROCESS software. Patients in the decompensated stage of liver cirrhosis and those classified in Child–Pugh class B/C had lower scores in self-management, quality of life, and social support compared to patients in the compensated stage of liver cirrhosis and those classified in Child–Pugh Class A. Quality of life was positively correlated with both social support and self-management (r = 0.668, r = 0.665, both P < 0.001). Mediation analysis showed that self-management had a direct predictive effect on quality of life. Social support had a mediating effect between self-management and quality of life, with an indirect effect of 0.489 (95% CI: 0.362, 0.629), accounting for 40.58% of the total effect. Exercise frequency and malnutrition risk assessment were independent influencing factors for social support, self-management, and quality of life. In the regression model, after excluding confounding factors, Model I explained 14% of the variance in quality of life due to control variables, Model II explained 49.5%, and when social support was added, Model III explained 56.9% of the variance in quality of life. Under the mediating role of social support, self-management can improve quality of life. Exercise frequency and malnutrition risk assessment, as independent influencing factors, also modulate social support and self-management. These findings underscore the importance of strengthening social support and developing self-management programs targeting exercise and nutrition to enhance the quality of life in patients with liver cirrhosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The role of the chemokine CX3CL1 in the processes of aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis is well-established. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic potential of urinary CX3CL1 levels in distinguishing between AD patients, those experiencing amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), and cognitively normal (CN) individuals. Methods: A cohort comprising 516 CN individuals across various age groups, 102 AD patients, and 65 subjects with aMCI was assembled, alongside 93 age- and sex-matched CN controls. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was utilized to quantify urinary CX3CL1 levels. Results: Urinary CX3CL1 concentrations exhibited an age-dependent increase and demonstrated a positive correlation with age. Comparatively, AD patients exhibited significantly elevated urinary CX3CL1 levels when contrasted with both the CN controls and the aMCI cohort. Conversely, aMCI patients displayed urinary CX3CL1 levels that were notably reduced in comparison to both the AD and CN groups. Conclusion: Urinary CX3CL1 levels correlate with the aging process and may serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker for both amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The US plays a crucial role in screening Asian women for breast disease. ABUS offers several advantages over traditional HHUS, including quicker examination, objectivity, and the ability to store and reconstruct images. This study marks the first large-scale opportunistic screening of ABUS in the population. Methods: Between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2019, 10,537 women aged 35–75 years from nine districts were randomly assigned to either HHUS or ABUS groups. Diagnostic methods were quantified, and comparisons were made using the Chi-square test. Results: The screening groups consisted of 5,445 participants for HHUS and 4,936 for ABUS. The HHUS and ABUS groups identified 90 carcinomas and 292 benign lesions or 71 carcinomas and 178 benign lesions, respectively. SE), SP, AC, PPV, and NPV for HHUS were 51.11%, 93.84%, 93.13%, 12.23%, and 99.13%, respectively, while for ABUS, they were 66.20%, 93.77%, 93.38%, 13.43%, and 98.98%. The area under the curve (AUC) values for HHUS and ABUS were 0.72 (95% CI: 0.67–0.78) and 0.86 (95% CI: 0.82–0.91), respectively, indicating superior diagnostic performance of ABUS over HHUS (Delong test p < 0.05). Discussion: ABUS is user-friendly, requires minimal training, reduces reliance on examiner experience, and demonstrates potential for superior sensitivity compared to HHUS in breast cancer screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease, primarily characterized by chronic symmetric synovial inflammation and erosive bone destruction.Mitochondria, the primary site of cellular energy production, play a crucial role in energy metabolism and possess homeostatic regulation capabilities. Mitochondrial function influences the differentiation, activation, and survival of both immune and non-immune cells involved in RA pathogenesis. If the organism experiences hypoxia, genetic predisposition, and oxidative stress, it leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, which further affects immune cell energy metabolism, synovial cell proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammatory signaling, causing the onset and progression of RA; and, mitochondrial regulation is becoming increasingly important in the treatment of RA.In this review, we examine the structure and function of mitochondria, analyze the potential causes of mitochondrial dysfunction in RA, and focus on the mechanisms by which mitochondrial dysfunction triggers chronic inflammation and immune disorders in RA. We also explore the effects of mitochondrial dysfunction on RA immune cells and osteoblasts, emphasizing its key role in the immune response and inflammatory processes in RA. Furthermore, we discuss potential biological processes that regulate mitochondrial homeostasis, which are of great importance for the prevention and treatment of RA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]