200 results on '"Xu HS"'
Search Results
2. Observation of beta-delayed two-proton emission in the decay of Si-22
- Author
-
Xu, XX, Lin, CJ, Sun, LJ, Wang, JS, Lam, YH, Lee, J, Fang, DQ, Li, ZH, Smirnova, NA, Yuan, CX, Yang, L, Wang, YT, Li, J, Ma, NR, Wang, K, Zang, HL, Wang, HW, Li, C, Liu, ML, Wang, JG, Shi, CZ, Nie, MW, Li, XF, Li, H, Ma, JB, Ma, P, Jin, SL, Huang, MR, Bai, Z, Yang, F, Jia, HM, Liu, ZH, Wang, DX, Yang, YY, Zhou, YJ, Ma, WH, Chen, J, Hu, ZG, Wang, M, Zhang, YH, Ma, XW, Zhou, XH, Ma, YG, Xu, HS, Xiao, GQ, and Zhang, HQ
- Published
- 2017
3. beta-decay study of the T-z =-2 proton-rich nucleus Mg-20
- Author
-
Sun, LJ, Xu, XX, Fang, DQ, Lin, CJ, Wang, JS, Li, ZH, Wang, YT, Li, J, Yang, L, Ma, NR, Wang, K, Zang, HL, Wang, HW, Li, C, Shi, CZ, Nie, MW, Li, XF, Li, H, Ma, JB, Ma, P, Jin, SL, Huang, MR, Bai, Z, Wang, JG, Yang, F, Jia, HM, Zhang, HQ, Liu, ZH, Bao, PF, Wang, DX, Yang, YY, Zhou, YJ, Ma, WH, Chen, J, Ma, YG, Zhang, YH, Zhou, XH, Xu, HS, Xiao, GQ, and Zhan, WL
- Published
- 2017
4. Spectroscopy of 25,65/67Mn: Strong coupling in the N = 40 'island of inversion'
- Author
-
Liu, XY, Liu, Zhong, Ding, B, Doornenbal, P, Obertelli, A, Lenzi, SM, Walker, PM, Chung, LX, Linh, BD, Authelet, G, Baba, H, Calvet, D, Chateau, F, Corsi, A, Delbart, A, Gheller, JM, Gillibert, A, Isobe, T, Lapoux, V, Matsushita, M, Momiyama, S, Motobayashi, T, Niikura, M, Nowacki, F, Otsu, H, Péron, C, Peyaud, A, Pollacco, EC, Roussé, JY, Sakurai, H, Sasano, M, Shiga, Y, Takeuchi, S, Taniuchi, R, Uesaka, T, Wang, H, Yoneda, K, Lam, YH, Huang, TH, Sun, MD, Zhang, WQ, Lu, HY, Hou, DS, Browne, F, Dombradi, Zs, Franchoo, S, Giacoppo, Francesca, Gottardo, A, Hadynska-Klek, Katarzyna, Korkulu, Z, Koyama, S, Kubota, Y, Lee, J, Lettmann, M, Lozeva, R, Matsui, K, Miyazaki, T, Nishimura, S, Louchart, C, Olivier, L, Ota, S, Patel, Z, Sahin, Eda, Santamaria, C, Shand, C, Söderstrom, PA, Stefan, GL, Steppenbeck, D, Sumikama, T, Suzuki, D, Vajta, Zs, Werner, V, Wu, J, Xu, Z, Zhou, XH, Zhang, YH, Xu, HS, and Zhang, FS
- Abstract
Excited states in 63,65,67Mn were studied via in-beam γ -ray spectroscopy following knockout reactions from 68Fe. Similar level schemes, consisting of the 11/2−, 9/2−, 7/2− and 5/2− g.s. level sequence, connected by I → I − 1 transitions, were established, the first time for 65,67Mn. Their level structures show features consistent with strongly-coupled rotational bands with K = 5/2. State-of-the-art shellmodel calculations with the modified LNPS effective interaction reproduce the observed levels remarkably well and suggest the dominance of 4-particle-4-hole neutron configurations for all the states. The data on the low-lying excited states of odd-mass 53−67Mn provide a textbook example of nuclear structure evolution from weak coupling through decoupling to strong coupling along a single isotopic chain on the n-rich side of the β stability line. These results help to deepen our understanding of the N = 40 “island of inversion”.
- Published
- 2018
5. Storage ring at HIE-ISOLDE: Technical design report: Technical design report
- Author
-
Grieser, M, Litvinov, YA, Raabe, R, Blaum, K, Blumenfeld, Y, Butler, PA, Wenander, F, Woods, PJ, Aliotta, M, Andreyev, A, Artemyev, A, Atanasov, D, Aumann, T, Balabanski, D, Barzakh, A, Batist, L, Bernardes, A-P, Bernhardt, D, Billowes, J, Bishop, S, Borge, M, Borzov, I, Bosch, F, Boston, AJ, Brandau, C, Catford, W, Catherall, R, Cederkäll, J, Cullen, D, Davinson, T, Dillmann, I, Dimopoulou, C, Dracoulis, G, Düllmann, CE, Egelhof, P, Estrade, A, Fischer, D, Flanagan, K, Fraile, L, Fraser, MA, Freeman, SJ, Geissel, H, Gerl, J, Greenlees, P, Grisenti, RE, Habs, D, von Hahn, R, Hagmann, S, Hausmann, M, He, JJ, Heil, M, Huyse, M, Jenkins, D, Jokinen, A, Jonson, B, Joss, DT, Kadi, Y, Kalantar-Nayestanaki, N, Kay, BP, Kiselev, O, Kluge, H-J, Kowalska, M, Kozhuharov, C, Kreim, S, Kröll, T, Kurcewicz, J, Labiche, M, Lemmon, RC, Lestinsky, M, Lotay, G, Ma, XW, Marta, M, Meng, J, Mücher, D, Mukha, I, Müller, A, Murphy, AS, Neyens, G, Nilsson, T, Nociforo, C, Nörtershäuser, W, Page, RD, Pasini, M, Petridis, N, Pietralla, N, Pfützner, M, Podolyák, Z, Regan, P, Reed, MW, Reifarth, R, Reiter, P, Repnow, R, Riisager, K, Rubio, B, Sanjari, MS, Savin, DW, Scheidenberger, C, Schippers, S, Schneider, D, Schuch, R, Schwalm, D, Schweikhard, L, Shubina, D, Siesling, E, Simon, H, Simpson, J, Smith, J, Sonnabend, K, Steck, M, Stora, T, Stöhlker, T, Sun, B, Surzhykov, A, Suzaki, F, Tarasov, O, Trotsenko, S, Tu, XL, Van Duppen, P, Volpe, C, Voulot, D, Walker, PM, Wildner, E, Winckler, N, Winters, DFA, Wolf, A, Xu, HS, Yakushev, A, Yamaguchi, T, Yuan, YJ, Zhang, YH, and Zuber, K
- Subjects
Physics::Accelerator Physics ,Nuclear Experiment - Abstract
We propose to install a storage ring at an ISOL-type radioactive beam facility for the first time. Specifically, we intend to setup the heavy-ion, low-energy ring TSR at the HIE-ISOLDE facility in CERN, Geneva. Such a facility will provide a capability for experiments with stored secondary beams that is unique in the world. The envisaged physics programme is rich and varied, spanning from investigations of nuclear ground-state properties and reaction studies of astrophysical relevance, to investigations with highly-charged ions and pure isomeric beams. The TSR might also be employed for removal of isobaric contaminants from stored ion beams and for systematic studies within the neutrino beam programme. In addition to experiments performed using beams recirculating within the ring, cooled beams can also be extracted and exploited by external spectrometers for high-precision measurements. The existing TSR, which is presently in operation at the Max-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics in Heidelberg, is well-suited and can be employed for this purpose. The physics cases as well as technical details of the existing ring facility and of the beam and infrastructure requirements at HIE-ISOLDE are discussed in the present technical design report.
- Published
- 2012
6. Isospin diffusion in heavy-ion reactions
- Author
-
Tsang, Mb, Danielewicz, P., Gelbke, Ck, Liu, Tx, Liu, Xd, Lynch, Wg, Shi, Lj, Tan, Wp, Verde, G., Andreas Wagner, Xu, Hs, Friedman, Wa, Davin, B., Larochelle, Y., Desouza, Rt, Charity, Rj, and Sobotka, Lg
7. Multipocket Cage Enables the Binding of High-Order Bulky and Drug Guests Uncovered by MS Methodology.
- Author
-
Huang YH, Lu YL, Cao ZM, Zhang XD, Liu CH, Xu HS, and Su CY
- Subjects
- Crown Ethers chemistry, Calixarenes chemistry, Palladium chemistry, Zinc chemistry, Fullerenes chemistry, Molecular Structure, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
- Abstract
Achieving high guest loading and multiguest-binding capacity holds crucial significance for advancement in separation, catalysis, and drug delivery with synthetic receptors; however, it remains a challenging bottleneck in characterization of high-stoichiometry guest-binding events. Herein, we describe a large-sized coordination cage (MOC-70-Zn
8 Pd6 ) possessing 12 peripheral pockets capable of accommodating multiple guests and a high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS)-based method to understand the solution host-guest chemistry. A diverse range of bulky guests, varying from drug molecules to rigid fullerenes as well as flexible host molecules of crown ethers and calixarenes, could be loaded into open pockets with high capacities. Notably, these hollow cage pockets provide multisites to capture different guests, showing heteroguest coloading behavior to capture binary, ternary, or even quaternary guests. Moreover, a pair of commercially applied drugs for the combination therapy of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has been tested, highlighting its potential in multidrug delivery for combined treatment.- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Stereochemical Control of Redox Co II /Co III -Cages with Switchable Cotton Effects Based on Labile-Static States.
- Author
-
Lu YL, Wu K, Huang YH, Li WC, Cao ZM, Yan XH, Zhang XD, Liu CH, Ruan J, Xu HS, Pan M, and Su CY
- Abstract
The structural dynamics of artificial assemblies, in aspects such as molecular recognition and structural transformation, provide us with a blueprint to achieve bioinspired applications. Here, we describe the assembly of redox-switchable chiral metal-organic cages Λ
8 /Δ8 -[Pd6 (CoII L3 )8 ]28+ and Λ8 /Δ8 -[Pd6 (CoIII L3 )8 ]36+ . These isomeric cages demonstrate an on-off chirality logic gate controlled by their chemical and stereostructural dynamics tunable through redox transitions between the labile CoII -state and static CoIII -state with a distinct Cotton effect. The transition between different states is enabled by a reversible redox process and chiral recognition originating in the tris-chelate Co-centers. All cages in two states are thoroughly characterized by NMR, ESI-MS, CV, CD, and X-ray crystallographic analysis, which clarify their redox-switching behaviors upon chemical reduction/oxidation. The stereochemical lability of the CoII -center endows the Λ8 /Δ8 -CoII -cages with efficient chiral-induction by enantiomeric guests, leading to enantiomeric isomerization to switch between Λ8 /Δ8 -CoII -cages, which can be stabilized by oxidation to their chemically inert forms of Λ8 /Δ8 -CoIII -cages. Kinetic studies reveal that the isomerization rate of the Δ8 -CoIII -cage is at least an order of magnitude slower than that of the Δ8 -CoII -cage even at an elevated temperature, while its activation energy is 16 kcal mol-1 higher than that of the CoII -cage.- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Study on Water Splitting of the 214-Type Perovskite Oxides LnSrCoO 4 (Ln = La, Pr, Sm, Eu, and Ga).
- Author
-
Huang Y, Hu J, Li J, Xie W, Xu HS, and Tang K
- Abstract
We present a study on the electrocatalysis of 214-type perovskite oxides LnSrCoO
4 (Ln = La, Pr, Sm, Eu, and Ga) with semiconducting-like behavior synthesized using the sol-gel method. Among these five catalysts, PrSrCoO4 exhibits the optimal electrochemical performance in both the oxygen evolution reaction and the hydrogen evolution reaction, mainly due to its larger electrical conductivity, mass activity, and turnover frequency. Importantly, the weak dependency of LSV curves in a KOH solution with different pH values, revealing the adsorbate evolving mechanism in PrSrCoO4 , and the density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that PrSrCoO4 has a smaller Gibbs free energy and a higher density of states near the Fermi level, which accelerates the electrochemical water splitting. The mutual substitution of different rare-earth elements will change the unit-cell parameters, regulate the electronic states of catalytic active site Co ions, and further affect their catalytic performance. Furthermore, the magnetic results indicate strong spin-orbit coupling in the electroactive sites of Co ions in SmSrCoO4 and EuSrCoO4 , whereas the magnetic moments of Co ions in the other three catalysts mainly arise from the spin itself. Our experimental results expand the electrochemical applications of 214-type perovskite oxides and provide a good platform for a deeper understanding of their catalytic mechanisms.- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Edge State, Band Topology, and Time Boundary Effect in the Fine-Grained Categorization of Chern Insulators.
- Author
-
Wu HC, Xu HS, Xie LC, and Jin L
- Abstract
We predict novel topological phases with broken time-reversal symmetry supporting the coexistence of opposite chiral edge states, which are fundamentally different from the photonic spin-Hall, valley-Hall, and higher-order topological phases. We find a fine-grained categorization of Chern insulators, their band topologies characterized by identical Chern numbers are completely different. Furthermore, we prove that different topologies cause zeros in their Bloch wave function overlaps, which imprint the band gap closing and appear at the degenerate points of topological phase transition. The Bloch wave function overlaps predict the reflection and refraction at a topological time boundary, and the overlap zeros ensure the existence of vanishing revival amplitude at critical times even though different topologies before and after the time boundary have identical Chern numbers. Our findings create new opportunities for topological metamaterials, uncover the topological feature hidden in the time boundary effect as a probe of topology, and open a venue for the exploration of the rich physics originating from the long-range couplings.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Discovery of New Isotopes ^{160}Os and ^{156}W: Revealing Enhanced Stability of the N=82 Shell Closure on the Neutron-Deficient Side.
- Author
-
Yang HB, Gan ZG, Li YJ, Liu ML, Xu SY, Liu C, Zhang MM, Zhang ZY, Huang MH, Yuan CX, Wang SY, Ma L, Wang JG, Han XC, Rohilla A, Zuo SQ, Xiao X, Zhang XB, Zhu L, Yue ZF, Tian YL, Wang YS, Yang CL, Zhao Z, Huang XY, Li ZC, Sun LC, Wang JY, Yang HR, Lu ZW, Yang WQ, Zhou XH, Huang WX, Wang N, Zhou SG, Ren ZZ, and Xu HS
- Abstract
Using the fusion-evaporation reaction ^{106}Cd(^{58}Ni,4n)^{160}Os and the gas-filled recoil separator SHANS, two new isotopes _{76}^{160}Os and _{74}^{156}W have been identified. The α decay of ^{160}Os, measured with an α-particle energy of 7080(26) keV and a half-life of 201_{-37}^{+58} μs, is assigned to originate from the ground state. The daughter nucleus ^{156}W is a β^{+} emitter with a half-life of 291_{-61}^{+86} ms. The newly measured α-decay data allow us to derive α-decay reduced widths (δ^{2}) for the N=84 isotones up to osmium (Z=76), which are found to decrease with increasing atomic number above Z=68. The reduction of δ^{2} is interpreted as evidence for the strengthening of the N=82 shell closure toward the proton drip line, supported by the increase of the neutron-shell gaps predicted in theoretical models.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Dynamic Stereochemistry of M 8 Pd 6 Supramolecular Cages Based on Metal-Center Lability for Differential Chiral Induction, Resolution, and Recognition.
- Author
-
Huang YH, Lu YL, Zhang XD, Liu CH, Ruan J, Qin YH, Cao ZM, Jiang J, Xu HS, and Su CY
- Abstract
A series of isostructural supramolecular cages with a rhombic dodecahedron shape have been assembled with distinct metal-coordination lability (M
8 Pd6 -MOC-16, M=Ru2+ , Fe2+ , Ni2+ , Zn2+ ). The chirality transfer between metal centers generally imposes homochirality on individual cages to enable solvent-dependent spontaneous resolution of Δ8 /Λ8 -M8 Pd6 enantiomers; however, their distinguishable stereochemical dynamics manifests differential chiral phenomena governed by the cage stability following the order Ru8 Pd6 >Ni8 Pd6 >Fe8 Pd6 >Zn8 Pd6 . The highly labile Zn centers endow the Zn8 Pd6 cage with conformational flexibility and deformation, enabling intrigue chiral-Δ8 /Λ8 -Zn8 Pd6 to meso-Δ4 Λ4 -Zn8 Pd6 transition induced by anions. The cage stabilization effect differs from inert Ru2+ , metastable Fe2+ /Ni2+ , and labile Zn2+ , resulting in different chiral-guest induction. Strikingly, solvent-mediated host-guest interactions have been revealed for Δ8 /Λ8 -(Ru/Ni/Fe)8 Pd6 cages to discriminate the chiral recognition of the guests with opposite chirality. These results demonstrate a versatile procedure to control the stereochemistry of metal-organic cages based on the dynamic metal centers, thus providing guidance to maneuver cage chirality at a supramolecular level by virtue of the solvent, anion, and guest to benefit practical applications., (© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Chronic exposure to nanocellulose altered depression-related behaviors in mice on a western diet: The role of immune modulation and the gut microbiome.
- Author
-
Xu HS, Chen Y, Patel A, Wang Z, McDonough C, and Guo TL
- Subjects
- Male, Animals, Mice, Mice, Inbred NOD, Diet, Western adverse effects, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics, Depression, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Gastrointestinal Microbiome
- Abstract
Aims: To determine if cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) have potential applications as food additives., Materials and Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice on a Western diet were exposed to CNF for one month at a dose of 30 mg/kg by gavage. Male NOD mice, a model for type 1 diabetes (T1D), were used in a six-month study., Key Findings: Sequencing analysis of 16S rRNA genes suggested significant changes in gut microbiome of male C57BL/6 mice exposed to CNF. Analysis of functional metagenomics indicated that many of the functional contents that might be altered following CNF ingestion were associated with lipid and carbohydrate processing. Further studies in NOD mice suggested that there were some decreases in the blood glucose levels during the insulin tolerance test and glucose tolerance test following CNF treatment. However, these small decreases were not considered biologically meaningful as there were no significant changes in either the area under the curve or the first-order rate constant for glucose disappearance. Moreover, serum concentrations of cytokines/chemokines including IL-3, IL-12(p70) and the keratinocyte chemoattractant were increased following chronic exposure to CNF. In addition, behavioral studies suggested that the percentage of immobility time during the tail-suspension test was significantly increased following six months of exposure to CNF in NOD mice, signifying an increase in depression-related behavior., Significance: Collectively, long-term CNF consumption was associated with changes in the ecology of the gut microbiome, immune homeostasis, and possibly energy metabolism and mental health in male NOD mice on a Western diet., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Tai Guo reports financial support was provided by USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Ion-Conductive Metallo-Covalent Organic Frameworks Constructed with Tridentate Ligand and Zn Nodes.
- Author
-
Chen F, Zhang K, Yuan Y, Wong WP, Wang G, Li X, Wang L, Li R, Wu Z, Lin J, Xu HS, and Loh KP
- Abstract
Metallo-covalent organic frameworks (metallo-COFs) are organometallic scaffolds in which covalently bonded organic frameworks are interwoven with metal-coordinated pendant groups. Unlike the rigid ligands traditionally used for metal coordination, the utilization of "soft" ligands allows for configurable topology and pore structure in metallo-COFs, particularly when the ligands are generated in situ during dynamic synthesis. In this study, we present the rational synthesis of metallo-COFs based on pyridine-2,6-diimine (pdi), wherein the incorporation of Zn
2+ ions and in situ-generated tridentate ligands (pdi) yields metallo-COFs with a square-like lattice. In the absence of Zn2+ ions, a topological isomer COF with a Kagome lattice is instead produced. Thus, the presence or absence of Zn2+ ions allows us to switch between two distinct morphologies corresponding to metallo-COF or COF. In comparison to Brønsted acid-catalyzed COF, which necessitates postmetallization for loading metal ions, the metal-templated COF synthesis method yields COFs with improved crystallinity and approximately 1:1 [Zn2+ ]/ligand composition. Building upon the metal-templated COF synthesis approach, we successfully synthesized pdiCOF-Zn-2 and pdiCOF-Zn-3, which possess square-like and honeycomb lattices, respectively. The enhanced crystallinity and near 1:1 [Zn2+ ]/ligand composition of pdiCOF-Zn-3 (honeycomb) facilitate its application as ion transport channels.- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Dynamic Metallosupramolecular Cages Containing 12 Adaptable Pockets for High-Order Guest Binding Beyond Biomimicry.
- Author
-
Huang YH, Lu YL, Ruan J, Zheng SP, Zhang XD, Liu CH, Qin YH, Cao ZM, Jiao Z, Xu HS, and Su CY
- Subjects
- Molecular Conformation, Biomimetics
- Abstract
Molecular recognition lies at the heart of biological functions, which inspires lasting research in artificial host syntheses to mimic biomolecules that can recognize, process, and transport molecules with the highest level of complexity; nonetheless, the design principle and quantifying methodology of artificial hosts for multiple guests (≥4) remain a formidable task. Herein, we report two rhombic dodecahedral cages [(Zn/Fe)
8 Pd6 -MOC-16], which embrace 12 adaptive pockets for multiguest binding with distinct conformational dynamics inherent in metal-center lability and are able to capture 4-24 guests to manifest a surprising complexity of binding scenarios. The exceptional high-order and hierarchical encapsulation phenomena suggest a wide host-guest dynamic-fit, enabling conformational adjustment and adaptation beyond the duality of induced-fit and conformational selection in protein interactions. A critical inspection of the host-guest binding events in solution has been performed by NMR and ESI-MS spectra, highlighting the importance of acquiring a reliable binding repertoire from different techniques and the uncertainty of quantifying the binding affinities of multiplying guests by an oversimplified method.- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Double-modified oncolytic adenovirus armed with a recombinant interferon-like gene enhanced abscopal effects against malignant glioma.
- Author
-
Jiang S, Chai HH, Fang XL, Xu HS, Li TW, Tang QS, Gu JF, Zhang KJ, Liu XY, Shi ZF, Cao XP, Wu ZY, and Zhou LF
- Abstract
Background: The development of new therapies for malignant gliomas has been stagnant for decades. Through the promising outcomes in clinical trials of oncolytic virotherapy, there is now a glimmer of hope in addressing this situation. To further enhance the antitumor immune response of oncolytic viruses, we have equipped a modified oncolytic adenovirus (oAds) with a recombinant interferon-like gene (YSCH-01) and conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the safety and efficacy of this modification compared to existing treatments., Methods: To assess the safety of YSCH-01, we administered the oAds intracranially to Syrian hamsters, which are susceptible to adenovirus. The efficacy of YSCH-01 in targeting glioma was evaluated through in vitro and in vivo experiments utilizing various human glioma cell lines. Furthermore, we employed a patient-derived xenograft model of recurrent glioblastoma to test the effectiveness of YSCH-01 against temozolomide., Results: By modifying the E1A and adding survivin promoter, the oAds have demonstrated remarkable safety and an impressive ability to selectively target tumor cells. In animal models, YSCH-01 exhibited potent therapeutic efficacy, particularly in terms of its distant effects. Additionally, YSCH-01 remains effective in inhibiting the recurrent GBM patient-derived xenograft model., Conclusions: Our initial findings confirm that a double-modified oncolytic adenovirus armed with a recombinant interferon-like gene is both safe and effective in the treatment of malignant glioma. Furthermore, when utilized in combination with a targeted therapy gene strategy, these oAds exhibit a more profound effect in tumor therapy and an enhanced ability to inhibit tumor growth at remote sites., Competing Interests: K.J.Z., X.L.F., J.F.G., and X.Y.L. hold ownership interests and own patents of YSCH-01 in Yuansong Biotechnology Co., Ltd. No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed by the other authors., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press, the Society for Neuro-Oncology and the European Association of Neuro-Oncology.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. [Effects of Reservoir Water Depth on Different Plankton Communities and Keystone Species of Network Interaction].
- Author
-
Wang X, Liao Q, Wang PF, Yuan QS, Hu B, Xing XL, and Xu HS
- Subjects
- Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Eukaryotic Cells, Phytoplankton, Water Supply, Plankton, Ecosystem
- Abstract
In order to understand the impacts of the reservoir construction on the diversity and ecological network of different microbial communities, seven sampling sites were set up in the Hengshan Reservoir in 2021. Water samples were collected from the surface and bottom of the reservoir. After filtering and extracting total DNA samples, high-throughput sequencing was carried out based on 16S and 18S rDNA to investigate the response of community structure, molecular ecological network, and keystone species of different microbial groups to water environment changes. The results showed that the Richness, Simpson, Shannon, and Pielou's Evenness indices of bacterial community in the surface and bottom layers were higher than those in the eukaryote community. The dominant community of bacteria included Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes, and the eukaryote community included Arthropoda, Ciliophora, Ochrophyta, etc. Moreover, the density and average clustering coefficient of the microbial networks in the surface waters of different phytoplankton communities were higher than those in the bottom waters. It was also observed that the microbial ecological networks in the surface waters were more closely related, and the number of nodes and edges, as well as the number of keystone species, of bacterial communities in the surface and bottom layers were significantly higher than those in the eukaryote microbial communities, indicating that the bacterial community network was larger, and the cooperative relationship and network connectivity between species were stronger. The interaction between bacterial community and eukaryote community in different water depths was dominated by positive correlation, and the negative correlation of the two groups in the bottom layer was slightly greater than that in the surface, indicating that the competition between bottom-layer species was greater than that between surface-layer species. In addition, the environmental impact factors of all species and keystone species of the community in surface water were basically the same, but they differed greatly in deep water, indicating that the influence mechanism of water depth change on keystone species was not the same as that of all species. The results further revealed the effects of reservoir construction on the stability and interspecific interactions of different microbial communities and provided a theoretical basis for predicting variations in microbial community and material cycling in reservoirs.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. [Efficacy and outcomes of shunt surgery for secondary hydrocephalus].
- Author
-
Yin R, Zhang X, Wei JJ, Chang JB, Chen YH, Xu HS, Li PT, Yang L, Liu XY, and Wang RZ
- Subjects
- Humans, Retrospective Studies, Postoperative Complications, Neurosurgical Procedures adverse effects, Hematoma complications, Hematoma surgery, Treatment Outcome, Hydrocephalus surgery, Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure surgery, Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure complications, Decompressive Craniectomy adverse effects
- Abstract
Records of secondary hydrocephalus patients undergoing shunt surgery in the Department of Neurosurgery of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from September 2012 to April 2022 and their clinical characteristics and outcomes were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. Among 121 patients who received first time shunt placement, the most common causes of secondary hydrocephalus were brain hemorrhage (55, 45.5%) and trauma (35, 28.9%). Cognition decline (106, 87.6%), abnormal gait (50, 41.3%) and incontinence (40, 33.1%) were the most prevalent manifestations. Postoperative central nervous system infection (4, 3.3%), shunt obstruction (3, 2.5%) and subdural hematoma/effusion (4, 3.3%) were the most frequent neurological complications. Overall incidence of postoperative complications was 9% (11 cases) in the current cohort. And 50.5% (54/107) of the patients receiving shunting achieved a Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) score of at least 4. Shunt surgery is preferred for secondary hydrocephalus, especially for secondary normal pressure hydrocephalus. Moreover, it is recommended to complete cranioplasty in staged operation or one-stage operation for the patients with decompressive craniectomy.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. SIRT6 is an epigenetic repressor of thoracic aortic aneurysms via inhibiting inflammation and senescence.
- Author
-
Ding YN, Wang TT, Lv SJ, Tang X, Wei ZY, Yao F, Xu HS, Chen YN, Wang XM, Wang HY, Wang HP, Zhang ZQ, Zhao X, Hao DL, Sun LH, Zhou Z, Wang L, Chen HZ, and Liu DP
- Subjects
- Humans, Mice, Animals, Inflammation genetics, Angiotensin II genetics, Angiotensin II pharmacology, Epigenesis, Genetic genetics, Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic genetics, Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic metabolism, Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic pathology, Sirtuins genetics
- Abstract
Thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) develop asymptomatically and are characterized by dilatation of the aorta. This is considered a life-threating vascular disease due to the risk of aortic rupture and without effective treatments. The current understanding of the pathogenesis of TAA is still limited, especially for sporadic TAAs without known genetic mutation. Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) expression was significantly decreased in the tunica media of sporadic human TAA tissues. Genetic knockout of Sirt6 in mouse vascular smooth muscle cells accelerated TAA formation and rupture, reduced survival, and increased vascular inflammation and senescence after angiotensin II infusion. Transcriptome analysis identified interleukin (IL)-1β as a pivotal target of SIRT6, and increased IL-1β levels correlated with vascular inflammation and senescence in human and mouse TAA samples. Chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that SIRT6 bound to the Il1b promoter to repress expression partly by reducing the H3K9 and H3K56 acetylation. Genetic knockout of Il1b or pharmacological inhibition of IL-1β signaling with the receptor antagonist anakinra rescued Sirt6 deficiency mediated aggravation of vascular inflammation, senescence, TAA formation and survival in mice. The findings reveal that SIRT6 protects against TAA by epigenetically inhibiting vascular inflammation and senescence, providing insight into potential epigenetic strategies for TAA treatment., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Preoperative Value of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Totally Laparoscopic Associating Liver Partition and Portal Vein Ligation for Staged Hepatectomy for Liver Tumors: A Preliminary Study.
- Author
-
Xu LL, Zhou L, Liang X, Zheng LL, Xu HS, Chen C, Hu P, and Li SY
- Subjects
- Humans, Hepatectomy methods, Portal Vein diagnostic imaging, Portal Vein surgery, Retrospective Studies, Liver diagnostic imaging, Liver surgery, Liver blood supply, Treatment Outcome, Liver Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Liver Neoplasms surgery, Liver Neoplasms pathology, Laparoscopy
- Abstract
Abstract: The clinical data of 15 cases that planned to receive totally laparoscopic associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy were retrospectively collected. Before the stage 1 operation, the size and number of the tumors in future liver remnant (FLR) and the presence of cancer embolus in the portal vein were assessed using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT). Before the stage 2 operation, CEUS was performed to assess the presence of traffic blood flow between the diseased liver and FLR after round-the-liver ligation. Before the stage 1 operation, 5 cases with tumors in FLR were found by CEUS and 6 cases were found by CECT ( P > 0.05). Similarly, CEUS found 5 cases with cancer thrombus in portal vein, and CECT found 7 cases ( P = 0.500). The consistency between the 2 modalities was good (κ = 0.857, P < 0.05, κ = 0.727, P < 0.05, respectively). Before the stage 2 operation, CEUS confirmed that there were 7 cases without traffic blood flow between the diseased liver and FLR, and 3 cases with residual traffic blood flow. The daily growth rate of FLR in the group without traffic blood flow (mean rank = 7.00) was higher than that in the group with traffic blood flow (2.00) significantly ( P < 0.05). Contrast-enhanced ultrasound is a promising application in the preoperative evaluation of totally laparoscopic associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Mass Measurement of Upper fp-Shell N=Z-2 and N=Z-1 Nuclei and the Importance of Three-Nucleon Force along the N=Z Line.
- Author
-
Wang M, Zhang YH, Zhou X, Zhou XH, Xu HS, Liu ML, Li JG, Niu YF, Huang WJ, Yuan Q, Zhang S, Xu FR, Litvinov YA, Blaum K, Meisel Z, Casten RF, Cakirli RB, Chen RJ, Deng HY, Fu CY, Ge WW, Li HF, Liao T, Litvinov SA, Shuai P, Shi JY, Song YN, Sun MZ, Wang Q, Xing YM, Xu X, Yan XL, Yang JC, Yuan YJ, Zeng Q, and Zhang M
- Abstract
Using a novel method of isochronous mass spectrometry, the masses of ^{62}Ge, ^{64}As, ^{66}Se, and ^{70}Kr are measured for the first time, and the masses of ^{58}Zn, ^{61}Ga, ^{63}Ge, ^{65}As, ^{67}Se, ^{71}Kr, and ^{75}Sr are redetermined with improved accuracy. The new masses allow us to derive residual proton-neutron interactions (δV_{pn}) in the N=Z nuclei, which are found to decrease (increase) with increasing mass A for even-even (odd-odd) nuclei beyond Z=28. This bifurcation of δV_{pn} cannot be reproduced by the available mass models, nor is it consistent with expectations of a pseudo-SU(4) symmetry restoration in the fp shell. We performed ab initio calculations with a chiral three-nucleon force (3NF) included, which indicate the enhancement of the T=1 pn pairing over the T=0 pn pairing in this mass region, leading to the opposite evolving trends of δV_{pn} in even-even and odd-odd nuclei.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Rodlike FeS/SnS@N-C Core-Shell Microparticles for Lithium-Ion Batteries.
- Author
-
Zheng H, Xu HS, Hu J, Xie W, and Sang Y
- Abstract
FeS/SnS@N-C composites were successfully synthesized through the combination of nucleation self-assembly, N-doped carbon coating, and in situ vulcanization. The experimental results show that the discharge capacitance of FeS/SnS@N-C in the lithium storage process is 796.90 mAh g
-1 at 0.5 A g-1 after 200 cycles, and more importantly, the discharge capacitance can maintain 278.84 mAh g-1 at 5 A g-1 after 2000 cycles. FeS in FeS/SnS@N-C plays a key role in the electrochemical performance, which is due to the certain electronic density of states (DOS) near the Fermi level. In short, our research expands the application of transition metal sulfide composites in lithium-ion batteries.- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence-based computer-aided diagnosis system in longitudinal and transverse ultrasonic views for differentiating thyroid nodules.
- Author
-
Zheng LL, Ma SY, Zhou L, Yu C, Xu HS, Xu LL, and Li SY
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, Artificial Intelligence, Retrospective Studies, Ultrasonics, Computers, Thyroid Nodule diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of different ultrasound sections of thyroid nodule (TN) using computer-aided diagnosis system based on artificial intelligence (AI-CADS) in predicting thyroid malignancy., Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study. From January 2019 to July 2019, patients with preoperative thyroid ultrasound data and postoperative pathological results were enrolled, which were divided into two groups: lower risk group (ACR TI-RADS 1, 2 and 3) and higher risk group (ACR TI-RADS 4 and 5). The malignant risk scores (MRS) of TNs were obtained from longitudinal and transverse sections using AI-CADS. The diagnostic performance of AI-CADS and the consistency of each US characteristic were evaluated between these sections. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the Cohen κ-statistic were performed., Results: A total of 203 patients (45.61 ± 11.59 years, 163 female) with 221 TNs were enrolled. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of criterion 3 [0.86 (95%CI: 0.80~0.91)] was lower than criterion 1 [0.94 (95%CI: 0.90~ 0.99)], 2 [0.93 (95%CI: 0.89~0.97)] and 4 [0.94 (95%CI: 0.90, 0.99)] significantly (P<0.001, P=0.01, P<0.001, respectively). In the higher risk group, the MRS of transverse section was higher than longitudinal section (P<0.001), and the agreement of extrathyroidal extension and shape was moderate and fair (κ =0.48, 0.31 respectively). The diagnostic agreement of other ultrasonic features was substantial or almost perfect (κ >0.60)., Conclusion: The diagnostic performance of computer-aided diagnosis system based on artificial intelligence (AI-CADS) in longitudinal and transverse ultrasonic views for differentiating thyroid nodules (TN) was different, which was higher in the transverse section. It was more dependent on the section for the AI-CADS diagnosis of suspected malignant TNs., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Zheng, Ma, Zhou, Yu, Xu, Xu and Li.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Phytochrome B mediates dim-light-reduced insect resistance by promoting the ethylene pathway in rice.
- Author
-
Huang J, Qiu ZY, He J, Xu HS, Wang K, Du HY, Gao D, Zhao WN, Sun QG, Wang YS, Wen PZ, Li Q, Dong XO, Xie XZ, Jiang L, Wang HY, Liu YQ, and Wan JM
- Subjects
- Animals, Ethylenes metabolism, Hemiptera metabolism, Oryza metabolism, Phytochrome B genetics, Phytochrome B metabolism
- Abstract
Increasing planting density is one of the most effective ways to improve crop yield. However, one major factor that limits crop planting density is the weakened immunity of plants to pathogens and insects caused by dim light (DL) under shade conditions. The molecular mechanism underlying how DL compromises plant immunity remains unclear. Here, we report that DL reduces rice (Oryza sativa) resistance against brown planthopper (BPH; Nilaparvata lugens) by elevating ethylene (ET) biosynthesis and signaling in a Phytochrome B (OsPHYB)-dependent manner. The DL-reduced BPH resistance is relieved in osphyB mutants, but aggravated in OsPHYB overexpressing plants. Further, we found that DL reduces the nuclear accumulation of OsphyB, thus alleviating Phytochrome Interacting Factor Like14 (OsPIL14) degradation, consequently leading to the up-regulation of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate Oxidase1 (OsACO1) and an increase in ET levels. In addition, we found that nuclear OsphyB stabilizes Ethylene Insensitive Like2 (OsEIL2) by competitively interacting with EIN3 Binding F-Box Protein (OsEBF1) to enhance ET signaling in rice, which contrasts with previous findings that phyB blocks ET signaling by facilitating Ethylene Insensitive3 (EIN3) degradation in other plant species. Thus, enhanced ET biosynthesis and signaling reduces BPH resistance under DL conditions. Our findings provide insights into the molecular mechanism of the light-regulated ET pathway and host-insect interactions and potential strategies for sustainable insect management., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest statement. None declared. The authors declare no competing financial interests., (© American Society of Plant Biologists 2022. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Observation of a Strongly Isospin-Mixed Doublet in ^{26}Si via β-Delayed Two-Proton Decay of ^{26}P.
- Author
-
Liu JJ, Xu XX, Sun LJ, Yuan CX, Kaneko K, Sun Y, Liang PF, Wu HY, Shi GZ, Lin CJ, Lee J, Wang SM, Qi C, Li JG, Li HH, Xayavong L, Li ZH, Li PJ, Yang YY, Jian H, Gao YF, Fan R, Zha SX, Dai FC, Zhu HF, Li JH, Chang ZF, Qin SL, Zhang ZZ, Cai BS, Chen RF, Wang JS, Wang DX, Wang K, Duan FF, Lam YH, Ma P, Gao ZH, Hu Q, Bai Z, Ma JB, Wang JG, Wu CG, Luo DW, Jiang Y, Liu Y, Hou DS, Li R, Ma NR, Ma WH, Yu GM, Patel D, Jin SY, Wang YF, Yu YC, Hu LY, Wang X, Zang HL, Wang KL, Ding B, Zhao QQ, Yang L, Wen PW, Yang F, Jia HM, Zhang GL, Pan M, Wang XY, Sun HH, Xu HS, Zhou XH, Zhang YH, Hu ZG, Wang M, Liu ML, Ong HJ, and Yang WQ
- Abstract
β decay of proton-rich nuclei plays an important role in exploring isospin mixing. The β decay of ^{26}P at the proton drip line is studied using double-sided silicon strip detectors operating in conjunction with high-purity germanium detectors. The T=2 isobaric analog state (IAS) at 13 055 keV and two new high-lying states at 13 380 and 11 912 keV in ^{26}Si are unambiguously identified through β-delayed two-proton emission (β2p). Angular correlations of two protons emitted from ^{26}Si excited states populated by ^{26}P β decay are measured, which suggests that the two protons are emitted mainly sequentially. We report the first observation of a strongly isospin-mixed doublet that deexcites mainly via two-proton decay. The isospin mixing matrix element between the ^{26}Si IAS and the nearby 13 380-keV state is determined to be 130(21) keV, and this result represents the strongest mixing, highest excitation energy, and largest level spacing of a doublet ever observed in β-decay experiments.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Gemcitabine combined with apatinib and toripalimab in recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
- Author
-
You R, Zou X, Ding X, Zhang WJ, Zhang MX, Wang X, Xu HS, Liu YL, Ouyang YF, Duan CY, Gu CM, Wang ZQ, Liu YP, Hua YJ, Huang PY, and Chen MY
- Subjects
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Circulating Tumor DNA, Clinical Trials as Topic, Deoxycytidine analogs & derivatives, Endothelial Growth Factors therapeutic use, Humans, Necrosis, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local drug therapy, Pyridines, Gemcitabine, Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma drug therapy, Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms drug therapy
- Abstract
Background: The role of a triple combination of gemcitabine (chemotherapy) plus apatinib (anti-vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGFR]) and toripalimab (anti-PD-1) (GAT) in recurrent/metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (RM-NPC) is unclear., Methods: Between August 2019 and April 2020, 41 patients with RM-NPC were enrolled and received GAT for up to 6 cycles followed by apatinib and toripalimab. The primary endpoint was the safety. The secondary endpoints included the objective response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS). Integrated genomic and transcriptional analyses were conducted to identify the patients who benefited in response to this novel combination therapy., Findings: As of April 1, 2022, treatment-related grade 3 or 4 adverse events (AEs) occurred in 23 of 41 patients (56.1%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 41%-70.1%). G3-4 nasopharyngeal necrosis was observed in 9 (9/41, 21.9%) patients. High-risk factors for necrosis included repeated radiotherapy and an interval of less than 12 months from the last radiotherapy. The ORR was 90.2% (95% CI: 76.9%-97.2%). The median PFS was 25.8 months (95% CI: not reached (NR)-NR), and the 24-month PFS rate was 50.7% (95% CI: 34.0%-67.4%). MAS-related GPR family member F (MRGPRF) high expression in tumors correlated with poor PFS from the GAT therapy, characterized by high epithelial mesenchymal transition signatures. Serial circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) sequencing could predict PFS outcomes to combination therapy., Conclusions: GAT therapy exhibits a promising antitumor activity and manageable toxicities in patients with RM-NPC. Patients with repeated radiotherapy and an interval of less than 12 months from the last radiotherapy should be carefully selected for antiangiogenic therapies. MRGPRF expression and serial ctDNA monitoring could identify patients that derive benefits from the combination therapy., Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04073784., Funding: This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (nos. 81772895 and 82002857), the Key-Area Research and Development of Guangdong Province (2020B1111190001), the Special Support Program for High-level Talents in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, the Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Project (202103010001), and the National "Ten Thousand Talents Program" Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talents (84000-41180005)., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests All authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Associations of executive function and age of first use of methamphetamine with methamphetamine relapse.
- Author
-
Mu LL, Wang Y, Wang LJ, Xia LL, Zhao W, Song PP, Li JD, Wang WJ, Zhu L, Li HN, Wang YJ, Tang HJ, Zhang L, Song X, Shao WY, Zhang XC, Xu HS, and Jiao DL
- Abstract
Background and Aims: Methamphetamine (MA) is a psychostimulant associated with a high relapse rate among patients with MA use disorder (MUD). Long-term use of MA is associated with mental disorders, executive dysfunction, aggressive behaviors, and impulsivity among patients with MUD. However, identifying which factors may be more closely associated with relapse has not been investigated. Thus, we aimed to investigate the psychological factors and the history of MA use that may influence MA relapse., Methods: This cross-sectional study included 168 male MUD patients (MUD group) and 65 healthy male residents (control group). Each patient was evaluated with self-report measures of executive dysfunction, psychopathological symptoms, impulsiveness, aggressiveness, and history of MA use. Data were analyzed with t -tests, analyses of variance, and correlation and regression analyses., Results: The MUD group reported greater executive dysfunction, psychopathological symptoms, impulsivity, and aggression than the control group. Lower age of first MA use was associated both with having relapsed one or more times and with having relapsed two or more times; greater executive dysfunction was associated only with having relapsed two or more times., Conclusion: Patients with MUD reported worse executive function and mental health. Current results also suggest that lower age of first MA use may influence relapse rate in general, while executive dysfunction may influence repeated relapse in particular. The present results add to the literature concerning factors that may increase the risk of relapse in individuals with MUD., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Mu, Wang, Wang, Xia, Zhao, Song, Li, Wang, Zhu, Li, Wang, Tang, Zhang, Song, Shao, Zhang, Xu and Jiao.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Significance of Mannan Binding Lectin-Associated Serine Protease 2 in Urinary Extracellular Vesicles in IgA Nephropathy.
- Author
-
Wu FWB, Chen YY, Huang JX, Wang KY, Xu HS, and Lin D
- Subjects
- Actins, Biomarkers, Humans, Immunoglobulin A metabolism, Mannose-Binding Protein-Associated Serine Proteases, Serine Proteases, Extracellular Vesicles metabolism, Glomerulonephritis, IGA metabolism, Mannose-Binding Lectin
- Abstract
Purpose: Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy (IgAN) is a common chronic glomerulonephritis and the main cause of end-stage renal diseases. Recent evidence suggests that mannan binding lectin associated serine proteases 2 (MASP2) is related to IgAN; therefore, we investigated the expression and significance of MASP2 in serum and urinary extracellular vesicles (UEVs) in patients with IgAN., Methods: Thirty-eight patients with IgAN and 17 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. UEVs were extracted by ultracentrifugation. The separation by ultra-high-speed centrifuge was verified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). Candidate internal references (TSG101, CD9, flotillin, β-actin and GAPDH) were identified by western blotting in the control group, and the expression of MASP2 in the UEVs was compared. The levels of MASP2 in the serum and UEVs in the IgAN and control groups were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)., Results: TEM and NTA results demonstrated that UEVs were successfully extracted. Western blotting results confirmed that TSG101 was suitable as an internal reference for this study. Compared with the control group, the IgAN group showed positive expression of MASP2. MASP2 levels in the UEVs, determined by ELISA, showed significant differences between IgAN and control groups, which were significantly positively correlated with the level of urinary microalbumin., Conclusions: The level of MASP2 in UEVs was related to IgAN and shows promise as a biomarker for evaluating the severity of renal injury and prognosis of IgAN, thereby helping to elucidate the role of MASP2 in the mannan-binding lectin pathway.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Lysosomal dysfunction is associated with NLRP3 inflammasome activation in chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depressive mice.
- Author
-
Li MM, Wang X, Chen XD, Yang HL, Xu HS, Zhou P, Gao R, Zhang N, Wang J, Jiang L, and Liu N
- Subjects
- Animals, Autophagy, Lipopolysaccharides metabolism, Lysosomes, Mice, Prefrontal Cortex metabolism, Inflammasomes metabolism, NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein metabolism
- Abstract
NLRP3 inflammasome pathway-mediated inflammatory response is closely associated with depression. Increasing attention has been recently paid to the links between autophagy and depression, however, the relationship between autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome in depressive behavior remain poorly understood. In the present study, the potential roles of autophagy-lysosome pathway in NLRP3 inflammasome regulation were investigated both in vivo (chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depressive mouse model) and in vitro (LPS-induced cellular model) model. It demonstrated that CUMS induces depressive-like behaviors in mice, accompanied by increased expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and inflammatory responses. Meanwhile, it promoted the autophagosome marker LC3 and autophagic adapter protein p62 accumulation, accompanied by the decrease of lysosomal cathepsins B and D expression in the prefrontal cortex of mice. Notably, a significant colocalization of NLRP3 and LC3 in CUMS mice by immunofluorescence co-staining were observed. For the in vitro study, disrupting the lysosomal function with Baf A1 significantly increased the LPS-induced NLRP3 inflammasome accumulation and pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β and IL-18) production in BV2 cells. Collectively, our results suggested that the autophagic process is related to NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and dysfunctional lysosome in autophagy-lysosomal pathway may retard NLRP3 inflammasome degradation, facilitating the production of pro-inflammatory factors, thereby contributing to depressive behavior in CUMS mice., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Electrochemical performance of CoSe 2 with mixed phases decorated with N-doped rGO in potassium-ion batteries.
- Author
-
Zheng H, Xu HS, Hu J, Liu H, Wei L, Wu S, Li J, Huang Y, and Tang K
- Abstract
Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) have received much attention as next-generation energy storage systems because of their abundance, low cost, and slightly lower standard redox potential than lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Nevertheless, they still face great challenges in the design of the best electrode materials for applications. Herein, we have successfully synthesized nano-sized CoSe
2 encapsulated by N-doped reduced graphene oxide (denoted as CoSe2 @N-rGO) by a direct one-step hydrothermal method, including both orthorhombic and cubic CoSe2 phases. The CoSe2 @N-rGO anodes exhibit a high reversible capacity of 599.3 mA h g-1 at 0.05 A g-1 in the initial cycle, and in particular, they also exhibit a cycling stability of 421 mA h g-1 after 100 cycles at 0.2 A g-1 . Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that CoSe2 with N-doped carbon can greatly accelerate electron transfer and enhance the rate performance. In addition, the intrinsic causes of the higher electrochemical performance of orthorhombic CoSe2 than that of cubic CoSe2 are also discussed., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts to declare., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Efficacy of local therapy to metastatic foci in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: large-cohort strictly-matched retrospective study.
- Author
-
Zhang MX, Liu T, You R, Zou X, Liu YL, Ding X, Duan CY, Xu HS, Liu YP, Jiang R, Wang ZQ, Lin C, Xie YL, Chen SY, Ouyang YF, Xie RQ, Hua YJ, Sun R, Huang PY, Wang SL, and Chen MY
- Abstract
Background: Studies of local therapy (LT) to metastatic foci from nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) are inconsistent and controversial. Here, we aimed to explore the survival benefit of LT directed at metastatic foci from NPC., Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted in NPC patients with liver, lung, and/or bone metastases. The postmetastatic overall survival (OS) rate was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the log-rank test. Multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox hazard model. Subgroup analyses evaluating the effect of LT were performed for prespecified covariates. Propensity score matching was applied to homogenize the compared arms., Results: Overall, 2041 of 2962 patients were eligible for analysis. At a median follow-up of 43.4 months, the 5-year OS improved by an absolute difference of 14.6%, from 46.2% in the LT group versus 31.6% in the non-LT group, which led to a hazard ratio of 0.634 for death ( p < 0.001). Matched-pair analyses confirmed that LT was associated with improved OS ( p = 0.003), and the survival benefits of LT remained consistent in the subcohorts of liver and lung metastasis ( p = 0.009 and p = 0.007, respectively) but not of bone metastasis (BoM; p = 0.614). Radiotherapy was predominantly used for BoM and biological effective dose (BED) >60 Gy was found to yield more survival benefit than that of BED ⩽ 60 Gy., Conclusions: The addition of LT directed at metastasis has demonstrated an improvement to OS compared with non-LT group in the present matched-pair study, especially for patients with liver and/or lung metastases., Competing Interests: Competing Interests: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest., (© The Author(s), 2022.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. OMENS+ Classification Correlations Analysis of Craniofacial Microsomia in China: The Relationship Between Macrostomia and Mandibular Hypoplasia.
- Author
-
Kim BS, Chen X, Chen C, Chong CH, Yan YJ, Han W, Sun M, Yang X, Xu HS, Zhang Y, and Chai G
- Subjects
- Child, China epidemiology, Humans, Mandible abnormalities, Mandible diagnostic imaging, Goldenhar Syndrome complications, Goldenhar Syndrome diagnosis, Macrostomia diagnosis, Micrognathism
- Abstract
Abstract: Macrostomia is arare congenital craniofacial deformity that influences the appearance and function of patients. In most cases, it coexists with craniomaxillofacial deformities such as craniofacial microsomia (CFM). This study aimed to analyze the relationship between macrostomia and mandibular hypoplasia so as to facilitate the early detection and diagnosis of children with CFM. It included 236 patients diagnosed with CFM. All underwent facial expression analysis, multi-angle photography, computed tomography, and three-dimensional reconstruction of soft and hard tissues. The clinical classification was performed according to OMENS+. Spearman (rank) correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the severity of macrostomia (C1 and C2) and the degree of mandibular involvement (M1, M2a, M2b, and M3), and the correlation among the components of OMENS+. Of the 80 cases of macrostomia (34%) reported, 72 cases (90%) were C1 and 8 (10%) were C2. The analysis of OMENS+ revealed significant correlations among OMENS+ components. Also, a high correlation was observed between macrostomia (C) and hypoplasia of the mandible (M) ( P = 0.002). Macrostomia was closely related to mandibular hypoplasia among children diagnosed with CFM. These results suggested that patients with macrostomia, who might also have craniofacial malformations caused by other first branchial arch anomalies, should be comprehensively physically examined for other syndromes., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2022 by Mutaz B. Habal, MD.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. COVID-19 and neurodegenerative diseases.
- Author
-
Fu YW, Xu HS, and Liu SJ
- Subjects
- Aged, Humans, Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A metabolism, SARS-CoV-2, Alzheimer Disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, COVID-19, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Parkinson Disease
- Abstract
Objective: The pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues, and SARS-CoV-2 variants continue to emerge. In addition to typical fever and respiratory symptoms, many patients with COVID-19 experience a variety of neurological complications. In this review, we analyzed and reviewed the current status and possible mechanisms between COVID-19 and several typical neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, hoping to propose the potential direction of further research and concern., Materials and Methods: Electronic literature search of the databases (Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar). The keywords used were COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, neurodegenerative disease, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The retrieved relevant articles were reviewed and critically analyzed., Results: SARS-CoV-2 is a highly neuroinvasive neurotropic virus that invades cells through angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor-driven pathway. SARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasion, neuroinflammation, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction may contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases., Conclusions: Some patients with neurodegenerative diseases have already shown more susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and significantly higher mortality due to the elderly population with underlying diseases. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 could cause damage to the central nervous system (CNS) that may substantially increase the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases and accelerate the progression of them.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Up-regulated SAMD9L modulated by TLR2 and HIF-1α as a promising biomarker in tuberculosis.
- Author
-
Zhang XJ, Xu HS, Li CH, Fu YR, and Yi ZJ
- Subjects
- Biomarkers, Humans, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit genetics, MicroRNAs genetics, Toll-Like Receptor 2 genetics, Tuberculosis diagnosis, Tuberculosis genetics, Tumor Suppressor Proteins genetics
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify potential biomarkers of TB in blood and determine their function in Mtb-infected macrophages. First of all, WGCNA was used to analyse 9451 genes with significant changes in TB patients' whole blood. The 220 interferon-γ-related genes were identified, and then 30 key genes were screened using Cytoscape. Then, the AUC values of key genes were calculated to further narrow the gene range. Finally, we identified 9 genes from GSE19444. ROC analysis showed that SAMD9L, among 9 genes, had a high diagnostic value (AUC = 0.925) and a differential diagnostic value (AUC>0.865). To further narrow down the range of DEGs, the top 10 hub-connecting genes were screened from monocytes (GSE19443). Finally, we obtained 4 genes (SAMD9L, GBP1, GBP5 and STAT1) by intersections of genes from monocytes and whole blood. Among them, it was found that the function of SAMD9L was unknown after data review, so this paper studied this gene. Our results showed that SAMD9L is up-regulated and suppresses cell necrosis, and might be regulated by TLR2 and HIF-1α during Mtb infection. In addition, miR-181b-5p is significantly up-regulated in the peripheral blood plasma of tuberculosis patients, which has a high diagnostic value (AUC = 0.969)., (© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine published by Foundation for Cellular and Molecular Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Explore the effects of pulmonary fibrosis on sperm quality and the role of the PI3K/Akt pathway based on rat model.
- Author
-
Wang JS, Gong XF, Feng JL, Xu HS, Bao BH, Meng FC, Deng S, Dai HH, Li HS, Cui HS, and Wang B
- Subjects
- Animals, Male, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase metabolism, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase pharmacology, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases metabolism, Rats, Semen Analysis, Spermatozoa, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt metabolism, Pulmonary Fibrosis metabolism
- Abstract
Researches were reported that respiratory diseases can lead to male infertility; however, it is unclear whether there is a relationship between pulmonary fibrosis (PF) and male infertility. This study examined the influence of PF on sperm quality and its mechanisms. The key signalling pathway of male infertility caused by PF was predicted based on bioinformatics research. After modelling, we evaluated semen quality. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to measure the protein and mRNA expression levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), phosphorylation-protein kinase B (p-Akt) and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) in rat testicular cells. Compared with group A (48.77 ± 4.67; 59.77 ± 4.79), the sperm concentration and total sperm viability of group B (8.44 ± 1.71; 15.39 ± 3.48) showed a downward trend (p < 0.05). Western blotting showed that the protein expressions of PI3K, p-Akt and Bcl2 in the testes of group B (0.30 ± 0.06; 0.27 ± 0.05; 0.15 ± 0.03) was significantly lower than those of group A (0.71 ± 0.07; 0.72 ± 0.06; 0.50 ± 0.06) (p < 0.05). The hypoxic environment induced by PF can inhibit the expression of PI3K, p-Akt and Bcl2 protein and eventually cause dysfunctional spermatogenesis., (© 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. NIHSS-the Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score mismatch in guiding thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
- Author
-
Deng PP, Wu N, Chen XJ, Chen FL, Xu HS, and Bao GS
- Subjects
- Alberta, Fibrinolytic Agents, Humans, Thrombolytic Therapy methods, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods, Treatment Outcome, Brain Ischemia complications, Brain Ischemia diagnostic imaging, Brain Ischemia drug therapy, Ischemic Stroke, Stroke diagnostic imaging, Stroke drug therapy
- Abstract
Objective: This study investigates the mismatch between the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score and the computed tomography (CT) findings measured by the Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) for predicting the functional outcome and safety of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS)., Methods: This prospective observational study includes patients with AIS who underwent CT imaging within 4.5 h of the onset of symptoms. Patients were divided into the NIHSS-ASPECTS mismatch (NAM)-positive and NAM-negative groups (group P and N, respectively). The clinical outcome was assessed using the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Safety outcomes included progression, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH), intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), adverse events, clinical adverse events, and mortality., Results: A total of 208 patients were enrolled in the study. In group P, IVT treatment was associated with a good functional outcome at 3 months (p = 0.005) and 1 year (p = 0.001). A higher percentage of patients with favorable mRS (0-2) (p = 0.01) and excellent mRS (0-1) (p = 0.011) functional outcomes was obtained at 1 year in group P with IVT treatment. Group N did not benefit from the same treatment (p = 0.352 and p = 0.480 at 3 months and 1 year, respectively). There were no statistically significant differences in sICH, ICH, mortality rates, or other risks between the IVT and conventional treatment groups., Conclusion: IVT treatment is associated with a good functional outcome in patients with NAM, without increasing the risks of sICH, ICH, mortality, or other negative outcomes. NAM promises to be an easily obtained indicator for guiding the treatment decisions of AIS., (© 2021. Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Research Progress of FeSe-based Superconductors Containing Ammonia/Organic Molecules Intercalation.
- Author
-
Xu HS, Wu S, Zheng H, Yin R, Li Y, Wang X, and Tang K
- Abstract
As an important part of Fe-based superconductors, FeSe-based superconductors have become a hot field in condensed matter physics. The exploration and preparation of such superconducting materials form the basis of studying their physical properties. With the help of various alkali/alkaline-earth/rare-earth metals, different kinds of ammonia/organic molecules have been intercalated into the FeSe layer to form a large number of FeSe-based superconductors with diverse structures and different layer spacing. Metal cations can effectively provide carriers to the superconducting FeSe layer, thus significantly increasing the superconducting transition temperature. The orientation of organic molecules often plays an important role in structural modification and can be used to fine-tune superconductivity. This review introduces the crystal structures and superconducting properties of several typical FeSe-based superconductors containing ammonia/organic molecules intercalation discovered in recent years, and the effects of FeSe layer spacing and superconducting transition temperature are briefly summarized., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Predictive Role of Executive Function in the Efficacy of Intermittent Theta Burst Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Modalities for Treating Methamphetamine Use Disorder-A Randomized Clinical Trial.
- Author
-
Wang LJ, Mu LL, Ren ZX, Tang HJ, Wei YD, Wang WJ, Song PP, Zhu L, Ling Q, Gao H, Zhang L, Song X, Wei HF, Chang LX, Wei T, Wang YJ, Zhao W, Wang Y, Liu LY, Zhou YD, Zhou RD, Xu HS, and Jiao DL
- Abstract
Background: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has therapeutic effects on craving in methamphetamine (METH) use disorder (MUD). The chronic abuse of METH causes impairments in executive function, and improving executive function reduces relapse and improves treatment outcomes for drug use disorder. The purpose of this study was to determine whether executive function helped predict patients' responses to rTMS treatment. Methods: This study employed intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) rTMS modalities and observed their therapeutic effects on executive function and craving in MUD patients. MUD patients from an isolated Drug Rehabilitation Institute in China were chosen and randomly allocated to the iTBS group and sham-stimulation group. All participants underwent the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function - Adult Version Scale (BRIEF-A) and Visual Analog Scales (VAS) measurements. Sixty-five healthy adults matched to the general condition of MUD patients were also recruited as healthy controls. Findings: Patients with MUD had significantly worse executive function. iTBS groups had better treatment effects on the MUD group than the sham-stimulation group. Further Spearman rank correlation and stepwise multivariate regression analysis revealed that reduction rates of the total score of the BRIEF-A and subscale scores of the inhibition factor and working memory factor in the iTBS group positively correlated with improvements in craving. ROC curve analysis showed that working memory (AUC = 87.4%; 95% CI = 0.220, 0.631) and GEC (AUC = 0.761%; 95% CI = 0.209, 0.659) had predictive power to iTBS therapeutic efficacy. The cutoff values are 13.393 and 59.804, respectively. Conclusions: The iTBS rTMS had a better therapeutic effect on the executive function of patients with MUD, and the improved executive function had the potential to become a predictor for the efficacy of iTBS modality for MUD treatment. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: ChiCTR2100046954., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Wang, Mu, Ren, Tang, Wei, Wang, Song, Zhu, Ling, Gao, Zhang, Song, Wei, Chang, Wei, Wang, Zhao, Wang, Liu, Zhou, Zhou, Xu and Jiao.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Potential mechanism of Achyranthis bidentatae radix plus semen vaccariae granules in the treatment of diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction in rats utilizing combined experimental model and network pharmacology.
- Author
-
Wang JS, Feng JL, Dai HH, Chen ZL, Li X, Bao BH, Deng S, Meng FC, Zhao Q, Xu HS, Wang B, and Li HS
- Subjects
- Animals, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental pathology, Disease Models, Animal, Erectile Dysfunction pathology, Male, Plant Extracts isolation & purification, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Treatment Outcome, Achyranthes, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental drug therapy, Erectile Dysfunction drug therapy, Network Pharmacology methods, Plant Extracts therapeutic use, Vaccaria
- Abstract
Context: Achyranthes bidentata Blume (Amaranthaceae) (ABR) and semen vaccariae (SV) are used commonly in the clinical treatment of erectile dysfunction in males with diabetes mellitus (DMED) to strengthen the kidney and promote blood circulation, and often achieve good curative effects., Objective: Explore mechanistic details of ABR + SV treatment against DMED., Materials and Methods: Prediction of key targets by network pharmacology. A rat model of DM was established by streptozotocin injection (55 mg/kg). Apomorphine (100 μg/kg) was injected into rats to screen the DMED model. Group C ( n = 6) and group M ( n = 6) were gavaged with deionized water; group T ( n = 6) was given Achyranthis bidentatae radix- semen vaccariae granule suspension (2.5 g/kg). It lasted 8 weeks. Real-time reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting (WB) were used to measure the expression of tissue-related proteins and mRNA., Results: The predicted key targets are albumin (ALB), caspase-3 (CASP3), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Compared with the M group (0.52 ± 0.04; 0.50 ± 0.03; 0.49 ± 0.02; 0.23 ± 0.03), CASP3, VEGFA, and ACE protein expression reduced in the T group (0.39 ± 0.06; 0.34 ± 0.03; 0.39 ± 0.03), and eNOS protein expression increased (0.34 ± 0.03)., Conclusion: ABR + SV can improve erectile function in DMED rats. This study provides a potential mechanism for the treatment of DMED with ABR + SV and can benefit from more patients.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Links Between Gut Dysbiosis and Neurotransmitter Disturbance in Chronic Restraint Stress-Induced Depressive Behaviours: the Role of Inflammation.
- Author
-
Yang HL, Li MM, Zhou MF, Xu HS, Huan F, Liu N, Gao R, Wang J, Zhang N, and Jiang L
- Subjects
- Animals, Bacteria genetics, Depression immunology, Depression metabolism, Depression psychology, Disease Models, Animal, Dysbiosis, Feces microbiology, Food Preferences, Locomotion, Male, Maze Learning, Metabolomics, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Restraint, Physical, Ribotyping, Stress, Psychological immunology, Stress, Psychological metabolism, Stress, Psychological psychology, Swimming, Mice, Bacteria metabolism, Behavior, Animal, Biogenic Monoamines metabolism, Brain metabolism, Brain-Gut Axis, Depression microbiology, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Inflammation Mediators metabolism, Stress, Psychological microbiology
- Abstract
Accumulating evidence has shown that inflammation, the gut microbiota, and neurotransmitters are closely associated with the pathophysiology of depression. However, the links between the gut microbiota and neurotransmitter metabolism remain poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate the neuroinflammatory reactions in chronic restraint stress (CRS)-induced depression and to delineate the potential links between the gut microbiota and neurotransmitter metabolism. C57BL/6 mice were subjected to chronic restraint stress for 5 weeks, followed by behavioural tests (the sucrose preference test, forced swim test, open field test, and elevated plus maze) and analysis. The results showed that CRS significantly increased interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) levels and decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression, accompanied by the activation of IkappaB-alpha-phosphorylation-nuclear factor kappa-B (IκBα-p-NF-κB) signalling in the mouse hippocampus. In addition, the neurotransmitter metabolomics results showed that CRS resulted in decreased levels of plasma 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), dopamine (DA), and noradrenaline (NE) and their corresponding metabolites, and gut microbiota faecal metabolites with the 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that CRS caused marked microbiota dysbiosis in mice, with a significant increase in Helicobacter, Lactobacillus, and Oscillibacter and a decrease in Parabacteroides, Ruminococcus, and Prevotella. Notably, CRS-induced depressive behaviours and the disturbance of neurotransmitter metabolism and microbiota dysbiosis can be substantially restored by dexamethasone (DXMS) administration. Furthermore, a Pearson heatmap focusing on correlations between the microbiota, behaviours, and neurotransmitters showed that Helicobacter, Lactobacillus, and Oscillibacter were positively correlated with depressive behaviours but were negatively correlated with neurotransmitter metabolism, and Parabacteroides and Ruminococcus were negatively correlated with depressive behaviours but were positively correlated with neurotransmitter metabolism. Taken together, the results suggest that inflammation is involved in microbiota dysbiosis and the disturbance of neurotransmitter metabolism in CRS-induced depressive changes, and the delineation of the potential links between the microbiota and neurotransmitter metabolism will provide novel strategies for depression treatment., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Multiband Superconductivity with Sign-Preserving Order Parameter in Kagome Superconductor CsV_{3}Sb_{5}.
- Author
-
Xu HS, Yan YJ, Yin R, Xia W, Fang S, Chen Z, Li Y, Yang W, Guo Y, and Feng DL
- Abstract
The superconductivity of a kagome superconductor CsV_{3}Sb_{5} is studied by scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy at ultralow temperature with high resolution. Two kinds of superconducting gaps with multiple sets of coherent peaks and residual zero-energy density of states (DOS) are observed on both half-Cs and Sb surfaces, implying multiband superconductivity. In addition, in-gap states can be induced by magnetic impurities but not by nonmagnetic impurities, suggesting a sign-preserving or s-wave superconducting order parameter. Moreover, the interplay between charge density waves (CDW) and superconductivity differs on various bands, resulting in different density-of-states distributions. Our results suggest that the superconducting gap is likely isotropic on the sections of Fermi surface that play little roles in CDW, and the superconducting gaps on the sections of Fermi surface with anisotropic CDW gaps are likely anisotropic as well. The residual spectral weights at zero energy are attributed to the extremely small superconducting gap on the tiny oval Fermi pockets. Our study provides critical clues for further understanding the superconductivity and its relation to CDW in CsV_{3}Sb_{5}.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Direct Measurement of the Astrophysical ^{19}F(p,αγ)^{16}O Reaction in the Deepest Operational Underground Laboratory.
- Author
-
Zhang LY, Su J, He JJ, Wiescher M, deBoer RJ, Kahl D, Chen YJ, Li XY, Wang JG, Zhang L, Cao FQ, Zhang H, Zhang ZC, Jiao TY, Sheng YD, Wang LH, Song LY, Jiang XZ, Li ZM, Li ET, Wang S, Lian G, Li ZH, Tang XD, Zhao HW, Sun LT, Wu Q, Li JQ, Cui BQ, Chen LH, Ma RG, Guo B, Xu SW, Li JY, Qi NC, Sun WL, Guo XY, Zhang P, Chen YH, Zhou Y, Zhou JF, He JR, Shang CS, Li MC, Zhou XH, Zhang YH, Zhang FS, Hu ZG, Xu HS, Chen JP, and Liu WP
- Abstract
Fluorine is one of the most interesting elements in nuclear astrophysics, where the ^{19}F(p,α)^{16}O reaction is of crucial importance for Galactic ^{19}F abundances and CNO cycle loss in first generation Population III stars. As a day-one campaign at the Jinping Underground Nuclear Astrophysics experimental facility, we report direct measurements of the essential ^{19}F(p,αγ)^{16}O reaction channel. The γ-ray yields were measured over E_{c.m.}=72.4-344 keV, covering the Gamow window; our energy of 72.4 keV is unprecedentedly low, reported here for the first time. The experiment was performed under the extremely low cosmic-ray-induced background environment of the China JinPing Underground Laboratory, one of the deepest underground laboratories in the world. The present low-energy S factors deviate significantly from previous theoretical predictions, and the uncertainties are significantly reduced. The thermonuclear ^{19}F(p,αγ)^{16}O reaction rate has been determined directly at the relevant astrophysical energies.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Semiconducting and magnetic properties of FeS-derived compounds (C 2 H 8 N 2 ) x FeS and A x (C 2 H 8 N 2 ) y FeS (A = Li, Na).
- Author
-
Zheng H, Ding C, Xu HS, Tang L, Liu H, Wei L, and Tang K
- Abstract
Several FeS-derived intercalated compounds (C
2 H8 N2 )x FeS and Ax (C2 H8 N2 )y FeS (A = Li, Na) were successfully synthesized via a novel ammonothermal method. The powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements reveal that the FeS intercalated samples have the same tetragonal crystal structure as the parent FeS. After intercalation, these three as-synthesized samples do not show superconductor behavior, which is confirmed by the magnetization and the electrical resistivity measurements. (C2 H8 N2 )x FeS exhibits paramagnetic semiconductor behavior, while the newly synthesized Ax (C2 H8 N2 )y FeS (A = Li, Na) shows antiferromagnetic semiconductor behavior. The absence of superconductivity in these FeS-derived compounds should be closely related to the iron vacancies in the FeS layer.- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. [Status of soil fertility, nutrient balance, and environmental risk assessment in yam production of North China Plain].
- Author
-
Wang D, Niu SB, Xu HS, Zhao WP, Yang XZ, Li WC, Ma WQ, and Sun ZM
- Subjects
- China, Nutrients, Risk Assessment, Dioscorea, Soil
- Abstract
Taking the main production area of yam in North China Plain as the research area, we analyzed the status of soil fertility and fertilizer application in yam production through field investigation and tracking monitoring, examined soil nutrient balance using the input-output model of nutrients in agricultural system, and assessed the environmental risks in the yam planting system. The results showed that: 1) the contents of soil organic matter and total N were extremely low, and the contents of available P and available Zn were both low; both nitrate and available Cu contents were at the middle level, the contents of soil slowly available K, available S, and exchangeable Ca and Mg were all extremely high, the contents of available K, available Fe, and available Mn were all at high level; 2) The nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P
2 O5 ), and potassium (K2 O) inputs were 575-943 kg·hm-2 , 341-981 kg·hm-2 , and 655-1219 kg·hm-2 during the whole growth period of yam, with chemical fertilizer accounting for 83.0%, 88.6%, and 91.3%, respectively; The input imbalance between organic and inorganic fertilizer, as well as the excessive nutrients input were prominent; 3) The surplus rate of soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium reached 271.14 kg·hm-2 , 466.34 kg·hm-2 , and 739.97 kg·hm-2 , with corresponding surplus ratio of 48.7%, 258.1%, and 324.5%, respectively, which all exceeded the environmental safety threshold and were classified as moderate risk, severe risk, and severe risk, respectively. The overall environmental risk caused by chemical fertilizer application in yam production had reached severe risk level.- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Modulation of folliculogenesis in adult laying chickens by bisphenol A and bisphenol S: Perspectives on ovarian morphology and gene expression.
- Author
-
Eldefrawy F, Xu HS, Pusch E, Karkoura A, Alsafy M, Elgendy S, Williams SM, Navara K, and Guo TL
- Subjects
- Animals, Chickens, Estrogens, Female, Fertility, Gene Expression drug effects, Ovarian Follicle growth & development, Ovary drug effects, Reproduction, Benzhydryl Compounds toxicity, Endocrine Disruptors toxicity, Ovarian Follicle drug effects, Phenols toxicity, Sulfones toxicity
- Abstract
Both bisphenol A (BPA) and its analog bisphenol S (BPS) are industrial chemicals that have been used to make certain plastic products applied in chicken farms, including food and water containers. They are endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) with xenoestrogenic activities and affect reproductive success in many ways. It was hypothesized that BPA and BPS could adversely affect the folliculogenesis in chickens due to their disruption of the estrogen responses, using either genomic or non-genomic mechanisms. This study investigated the deleterious effects of BPA and BPS on the ovaries when adult layer chickens were orally treated with these EDCs at 50 μg/kg body weight, the reference dose for chronic oral exposure of BPA established by the U.S. EPA. The chickens in both BPA and BPS-treated groups showed a decreased number of the preovulatory follicles. BPA-treated chickens showed a significant decrease in the diameter of F1. Additionally, both BPA and BPS treatments increased the infiltrations of lymphocytes and plasma cells in ovaries. Moreover, it was found that the ovaries of BPS-treated chickens weighed the most among the groups. RNA sequencing and subsequent pathway enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed that both BPA- and BPS-treatment groups showed significant changes in gene expression and pathways related to reproduction, immune function and carcinogenesis. Taken together, both BPA and BPS are potentially carcinogenic and have deleterious effects on the fertility of laying chickens by inducing inflammation, suggesting that BPS may not be a safe replacement for BPA., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. New α-Emitting Isotope ^{214}U and Abnormal Enhancement of α-Particle Clustering in Lightest Uranium Isotopes.
- Author
-
Zhang ZY, Yang HB, Huang MH, Gan ZG, Yuan CX, Qi C, Andreyev AN, Liu ML, Ma L, Zhang MM, Tian YL, Wang YS, Wang JG, Yang CL, Li GS, Qiang YH, Yang WQ, Chen RF, Zhang HB, Lu ZW, Xu XX, Duan LM, Yang HR, Huang WX, Liu Z, Zhou XH, Zhang YH, Xu HS, Wang N, Zhou HB, Wen XJ, Huang S, Hua W, Zhu L, Wang X, Mao YC, He XT, Wang SY, Xu WZ, Li HW, Ren ZZ, and Zhou SG
- Abstract
A new α-emitting isotope ^{214}U, produced by the fusion-evaporation reaction ^{182}W(^{36}Ar,4n)^{214}U, was identified by employing the gas-filled recoil separator SHANS and the recoil-α correlation technique. More precise α-decay properties of even-even nuclei ^{216,218}U were also measured in the reactions of ^{40}Ar, ^{40}Ca beams with ^{180,182,184}W targets. By combining the experimental data, improved α-decay reduced widths δ^{2} for the even-even Po-Pu nuclei in the vicinity of the magic neutron number N=126 are deduced. Their systematic trends are discussed in terms of the N_{p}N_{n} scheme in order to study the influence of proton-neutron interaction on α decay in this region of nuclei. It is strikingly found that the reduced widths of ^{214,216}U are significantly enhanced by a factor of two as compared with the N_{p}N_{n} systematics for the 84≤Z≤90 and N<126 even-even nuclei. The abnormal enhancement is interpreted by the strong monopole interaction between the valence protons and neutrons occupying the π1f_{7/2} and ν1f_{5/2} spin-orbit partner orbits, which is supported by the large-scale shell model calculation.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Toxicity of bisphenol analogues on the reproductive, nervous, and immune systems, and their relationships to gut microbiome and metabolism: insights from a multi-species comparison.
- Author
-
McDonough CM, Xu HS, and Guo TL
- Subjects
- Animals, Endocrine Disruptors, Gastrointestinal Microbiome drug effects, Humans, Reproduction drug effects, Sheep, Sulfones, Zebrafish, Benzhydryl Compounds toxicity, Immune System drug effects, Phenols toxicity
- Abstract
Bisphenols are common chemicals found in plastics and epoxy resins. Over the past decades, many studies have shown that bisphenol A (BPA) is a potential endocrine-disrupting chemical that may cause multisystem toxicity. However, the relative safety of BPA analogues is a controversial subject. Herein, we conducted a review of the reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity, metabolic toxicity and gut microbiome toxicity of the BPA analogues in various species, including Caenorhabditis elegans , zebrafish, turtles, sheep, rodents, and humans. In addition, the mechanisms of action were discussed with focus on bisphenol S and bisphenol F. It was found that these BPA analogues exert their toxic effects on different organs and systems through various mechanisms including epigenetic modifications and effects on cell signaling pathways, microbiome, and metabolome in different species. More research is needed to study the relative toxicity of the lesser-known BPA analogues compared to BPA, both systemically and organ specifically, and to better define the underlying mechanisms of action, in particular, the potentials of disrupting microbiome and metabolism.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Characterizing T2 iso- and hypo-intense renal masses on MRI: Can templated algorithms improve accuracy?
- Author
-
Xu HS, Balcacer P, Zhang Z, Zhang L, Yee EU, Sun MR, and Tsai LL
- Subjects
- Algorithms, Diagnosis, Differential, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Retrospective Studies, Sensitivity and Specificity, Carcinoma, Renal Cell, Kidney Neoplasms diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Purpose: To assess if a templated algorithm can improve the diagnostic performance of MRI for characterization of T2 isointense and hypointense renal masses., Methods: In this retrospective study, 60 renal masses with histopathologic diagnoses that were also confirmed as T2 iso- or hypointense on MRI were identified (mean ± standard deviation, range: 3.9 ± 2.5, 1.0-13.7 cm). Two semi-quantitative diagnostic algorithms were created based on MRI features of renal masses reported in the literature. Three body-MRI trained radiologists provided clinical diagnoses based on their experience and separately provided semiquantitative data for each components of the two algorithms. The algorithms were applied separately by a radiology trainee without additional interpretive input. Logistic regression was used to compare the accuracy of the three methods in distinguishing malignant versus benign lesions and in diagnosing the exact histopathology. Inter-reader agreement for each method was calculated using Fleiss' kappa statistics., Results: The accuracy of the two algorithms and clinical experience were similar (70%, 69%, and 64%, respectively, p = 0.22-0.32), with fair to moderate inter-reader agreement (Fleiss's kappa: r = 0.375, r = 0.308, r = 0.375, respectively, all p < 0.0001). The accuracy of the two algorithms and clinical experience in diagnosing specific histopathology were also no different from each other (34%, 29%, and 32%, respectively, p = 0.49-0.74), with fair to moderate inter-reader agreement (Fleiss's kappa: r = 0.20, r = 0.28, r = 0.375, respectively, all p < 0.0001)., Conclusion: Semi-quantitative templated algorithms based on MRI features of renal masses did not improve the ability to diagnose T2 iso- and hypointense renal masses when compared to unassisted interpretation by body MR trained subspecialists., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Career choice and influential factors among medical students majoring in psychiatry in China.
- Author
-
Zhang YJ, Yuan K, Chang SH, Yan W, Que JY, Deng JH, Gong YM, Luo JM, Yang SC, An CX, Kang YM, Xu HS, Wang YM, Zhang LF, Zhang WF, Song YL, Xu DW, Liu HZ, Wang WQ, Liu CX, Yang WQ, Zhou L, Zhao JB, Yu MY, Chen JY, Tang H, Peng J, Zhang XJ, Xu Y, Zhang N, Kuang L, Li ZJ, Wang YH, Shi J, Ran MS, Bao YP, Shi L, and Lu L
- Subjects
- Career Choice, China, Female, Humans, Schools, Medical, Surveys and Questionnaires, Psychiatry education, Students, Medical
- Abstract
Background: The undergraduate program of psychiatry has been widely established in recent years to improve the education and recruitment of psychiatrists in China. We aim to investigate the career choice of medical students majoring in psychiatry in China and the influential factors., Method: This multicenter study was conducted in 26 medical schools in China from May to October of 2019. Participants included 4610 medical students majoring in psychiatry and 3857 medical students majoring in clinical medicine. Multivariable logistic regression was used to investigate the influential factors of students' choices of psychiatry at matriculation and as a career., Results: 44.08% of psychiatry majored students gave psychiatry as a first choice at matriculation, and 56.67% of them would choose psychiatry as a career, which was in sharp contrast to the proportion of clinical medicine majored students who would choose psychiatry as a career (0.69%). Personal interest (59.61%), suggestions from family members (27.96%), and experiencing mental problems (23.19%) were main reasons for choosing psychiatry major at matriculation. Personal interest (odds ratio [OR] = 2.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.87-2.40), experiencing a psychiatry clerkship (OR = 1.99, 95% CI = 1.28-3.08), being female (OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.30-1.68), experiencing mental problems (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.28-1.56), and suggestions from family members (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.08-1.46) correlated positively with students' choice of psychiatry as career. Students who lacked psychiatry knowledge (OR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.29-0.85) or chose psychiatry because of lower admission scores (OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.63-0.97) were less likely to choose psychiatry as a career., Conclusion: More than half of psychiatry majored medical school students planned to choose psychiatry as their career, whereas very few students in the clinic medicine major would make this choice. Increasing students' interest in psychiatry, strengthening psychiatry clerkships, and popularizing psychiatric knowledge are modifiable factors to increase the psychiatry career intention. The extent to which medical students' attitudes toward psychiatry can be changed through medical school education and greater exposure to psychiatry will need further investigation.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Ultrasound-guided microwave ablation in the treatment of inguinal neuralgia.
- Author
-
Daniels SP, Xu HS, Hanna A, Greenberg JA, and Lee KS
- Subjects
- Groin, Humans, Microwaves therapeutic use, Ultrasonography, Ultrasonography, Interventional, Hernia, Inguinal, Neuralgia diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Chronic groin pain can be due to a variety of causes and is the most common complication of inguinal hernia repair surgery. The etiology of pain after inguinal hernia repair surgery is often multifactorial though injury to or scarring around the nerves in the operative region, namely the ilioinguinal nerve, genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve, and the iliohypogastric nerve, is thought to be a key factor in causing chronic post-operative hernia pain or inguinal neuralgia. Inguinal neuralgia is difficult to treat and requires a multidisciplinary approach. Radiologists play a key role in the management of these patients by providing accurate image-guided injections to alleviate patient symptoms and identify the pain generator. Recently, ultrasound-guided microwave ablation has emerged as a safe technique, capable of providing durable pain relief in the majority of patients with this difficult to treat condition. The objectives of this paper are to review the complex nerve anatomy of the groin, discuss diagnostic ultrasound-guided nerve injection and patient selection for nerve ablation, and illustrate the microwave ablation technique used at our institution.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.