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INTRODUCTION:The research of scientific and reasonable logistics and distribution programme time the pursuit of each logistics enterprise, not only can improve customer satisfaction and corporate image, but also help to reduce distribution costs. OBJECTIVES: For the current cold chain low-carbon logistics distribution path optimisation methods there are problems such as easy to fall into the local optimum, optimisation time-consuming. METHODS: This paper proposes a cold chain low-carbon logistics distribution path optimisation method based on the improved Hummingbird optimisation algorithm. Firstly, by analyzing the characteristics of the cold chain low-carbon logistics distribution path optimization problem, designing the cold chain low-carbon logistics path optimization objective function and constraints, and constructing a cold chain low-carbon logistics distribution path optimization model based on a soft time window; then, the hummingbird optimization algorithm is improved by using the initialization strategy of the set of good points and the cardinality leap strategy, to overcome the defects of the hummingbird optimization algorithm; secondly, a method based on intelligent optimization algorithm is proposed by designing the double-layer array coding and the adaptive function, combined with the improved hummingbird optimization algorithm. A cold chain low-carbon logistics path optimization method based on intelligent optimization algorithm is proposed; finally, the superiority and robustness of the proposed method are verified by simulation experimental analysis. RESULTS: The results show that the proposed method not only improves the optimisation time, but also increases the optimisation fitness value. CONCLUSION: This paper solves the problem that the optimisation of the green low-carbon logistics path optimisation problem is time-consuming and prone to falling into local optimum.

Plug-assisted retrograde transvenous obliteration has been recognized as a safe and effective treatment modality for patients with gastric variceal bleeding. The hallmark of this technique is to block the gastrorenal shunt (GRS) using an Amplatzer Vascular Plug, followed by infusion of gelatin sponge particles to completely occlude the varices. To ensure shunt occlusion and avoid device migration, the plug must be oversized by at least 20% compared to the shunt diameter. However, the maximal diameter of the commercially available plug is 22 mm, making the procedure technically infeasible for GRSs ≥ 18 mm. We report two challenging cases of recurrent gastric variceal bleeding due to liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Both patients had a giant and tortuous GRS with multiple dilated segments separated by waists. The transverse diameters of the GRSs were 24-30 mm and 23-32 mm, and the proximal waist diameters were 14 mm and 16 mm, respectively. Both GRSs were successfully embolized with 22-mm plugs. No bleeding recurrence was documented during 24 months.

Summary: Natural antisense transcripts (NATs) in model plants have been recognized as important regulators of gene expression under abiotic stresses. However, the functional roles of NATs in crops under low temperature are still unclear. Here, we identified 815 and 689 NATs from leaves of Gossypium hirsutum and G. barbadense under chilling stress. Among those, 224 NATs were identified as interspecific homologs between the two species. The correlation coefficients for expression of NATs and their cognate sense genes (CSG) were 0.43 and 0.37 in G. hirsutum and G. barbadense, respectively. Furthermore, expression of interspecific NATs and CSGs alike was highly consistent under chilling stress with correlation coefficients of 0.90–0.91. Four cold-associated NATs were selected for functional validation using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS). Our results suggest that CAN1 engage in the molecular regulation of chilling stress by regulating SnRK2.8 expression. This highly conserved NAT have valuable potential for applications in breeding cold-tolerant cotton.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease of high clinical and molecular heterogeneity, and a relapsing-remitting pattern. The disease is currently without cure and more prevalent in women. B cell tolerance and production of autoantibodies are critical mechanisms that drive SLE pathophysiology. However, how the balance of the immune system is broken and how the innate and adaptive immune systems are interacting during lupus-specific autoimmune responses are still largely unknown. Here, we review the latest knowledge on B cell development, maturation, and central versus peripheral tolerance in connection to SLE and treatment options. We also discuss the regulation of B cells by conventional T cells, granulocytes, and unconventional T cells, and how effector B cells exert their functions in SLE. We also discuss mechanisms of action of B cell-targeted therapies, as well as possible future directions based on current knowledge of B cell biology.

Cartilage regeneration is dependent on cellular-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. Natural ECM plays a role in mechanical and chemical cell signaling and promotes stem cell recruitment, differentiation and tissue regeneration in the absence of biological additives, including growth factors and peptides. To date, traditional tissue engineering methods by using natural and synthetic materials have not been able to replicate the physiological structure (biochemical composition and biomechanical properties) of natural cartilage. Techniques facilitating the repair and/or regeneration of articular cartilage pose a significant challenge for orthopedic surgeons. Whereas, little progress has been made in this field. In recent years, with advances in medicine, biochemistry and materials science, to meet the regenerative requirements of the heterogeneous and layered structure of native articular cartilage (AC) tissue, a series of tissue engineering scaffolds based on ECM materials have been developed. These scaffolds mimic the versatility of the native ECM in function, composition and dynamic properties and some of which are designed to improve cartilage regeneration. This review systematically investigates the following: the characteristics of cartilage ECM, repair mechanisms, decellularization method, source of ECM, and various ECM-based cartilage repair methods. In addition, the future development of ECM-based biomaterials is hypothesized.

Background Oxidative stress (OS) is key to various diseases and is implicated in cancer progression and oncogenesis. However, the potential diagnostic value of OS-related genes in skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) remains unclear. Methods We used data of RNA sequencing from 471 tumor tissues and one healthy tissue acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-SKCM cohort. The Genome Tissue Expression database was used to acquire transcriptome data from 812 healthy samples. OS-related genes that were differentially expressed between SKCM and healthy samples were investigated and 16 prognosis-associated OS genes were identified. The prognostic risk model was built using univariate and Cox multivariate regressions. The prognostic value of the hub genes was validated in the GSE65904 cohort, which included 214 SKCM patients. Results The overall survival rate of SKCM patients in the high-risk group was decreased compared to the low-risk group. In both TCGA and GSE65904 cohorts, the ROC curves suggested that our prognostic risk model was more accurate than other clinicopathological characteristics to diagnose SKCM. Moreover, risk score and nomograms associated with the expression of hub genes were developed. These presented reiterated our prognostic risk model. Altogether, this study provides novel insights with regards to the pathogenesis of SKCM. The 16 hub genes identified may help in SKCM prognosis and individualized clinical treatment.

The wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have a great application prospect, which is composed of much simple hardware and small-size sensor nodes to realize the perception of the surrounding environment. It is often widely used that nodes work in a duty cycle mechanism of periodic sleep and awakening in WSNs. However, this mechanism also increases latency and the routing table length whereas saving energy. In this paper, the Self-adjustable Active Sequence (SAC) scheme is proposed to solve the above problems. It enables optimization of energy, latency and routing tables. The main innovations are as follows. Firstly, the SAC scheme divides the continuous active slots into multiple shorter slots to reduce the latency. Second, SAC scheme adds more active slots by using the remaining energy. Third, decreasing the number of the forwarding nodes to reduce the routing table length. In this case, the optimization of delay only brings small gains, so we should focus on the improvement of routing. It has a better performance in reducing the delay and reducing the length of the routing table through both theoretical analysis and experimental results. If and only if the continuous active slots are divided into several segments, the delay is reduced by 33%. And the number of active slots by using the far sink region energy further reduce the delay by 29% in general. What's more, when reducing the size of the forwarding nodes set, the routing table length is further reduced by 29%.

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to screen the critical genes for future diagnosis and treatment of colon cancer by bioinformatics method. Methods In this study, we used bioinformatics approaches to identify gene alteration that contribute to colon cancer progression via analysis of TCGA RNA sequencing data and other publicly GEO microarray data. The Random forest survival model was used to screen gene sets related to the prognosis in DEGs. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed to determine the potential function of DEGs. Results We identified versican (VCAN), a member of the aggrecan/versican proteoglycan family, as a key regulator in human colon cancer development and progression involved in cell adhesion, proliferation, migration and angiogenesis and plays a central role in tissue morphogenesis and maintenance. Interestingly, we found that VCAN is highly over-expressed in colon cancer and increased expression of VCAN was associated with the progression of colon cancer. High VCAN levels also predict shorter overall survival of colon cancer patients. Furthermore, in vitro assays of silencing VCAN inhibit HCT116 cell proliferation and invasion. Conclusions These data demonstrated VCAN were associated with tumorigenesis and may be as biomarker for identification of the pathological grade of colon cancer.

BackgroundWith 15.6 million smokers, Vietnam is one of the top 10 largest cigarette-consuming countries in the world. Unfortunately, smoking cessation programs are still scarce in Vietnam. Mindfulness-based and text messaging–based interventions have been increasingly used in smoking cessation studies in developed countries, with promising results. Given the exponential growth of mobile phone usage in Vietnam in recent years, mobile health interventions could be a potential strategy to increase smoking cessation in Vietnam. However, substantial cultural adaptations are needed to optimize the effectiveness of these interventions among Vietnamese smokers. ObjectiveThis study aims to involve qualitative research to inform the development of a mindfulness-based text messaging smoking cessation intervention for Vietnamese smokers. MethodsA total of 10 focus groups were conducted with 71 Vietnamese male smokers aged between 18 and 65 years (5-9 participants per focus group). Overall, 5 focus groups were conducted with smokers who had the intention to quit (ie, preparation stage of change in the transtheoretical model), and 5 focus groups were conducted with smokers who did not have the intention to quit (contemplation or precontemplation stage). The focus groups were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using NVivo 12 software (QSR International). ResultsThe major themes included smoking triggers, barriers and facilitators for quitting, the perceptions of text messaging and mindfulness approaches for smoking cessation, and suggestions for the development of a text messaging–based smoking cessation program. Common smoking triggers included stress, difficulties concentrating, and fatigue. Frequently encountering other people who were smoking was a common barrier to quitting. However, participants indicated that concerns about the harmful effects of smoking on themselves and their wives and children, and encouragement from family members could motivate them to quit. The participants preferred diverse message content, including information about the consequences of smoking, encouragement to quit, and tips to cope with cravings. They suggested that text messages be clear and concise and use familiar language. Most smokers perceived that mindfulness training could be useful for smoking cessation. However, some suggested that videos or in-person training may also be needed to supplement teaching mindfulness through text messages. ConclusionsThis study provides important insights to inform the development of a text messaging–based smoking cessation program that incorporates mindfulness for Vietnamese male smokers. The results could also be useful for informing similar programs in other low- and middle-income countries.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of noble-metal coated catheters in reducing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) in adult patients requiring short term catheterization.MethodsAn electronic literature search of PubMed, BioMed Central, Embase, Scopus, CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) and Google scholar was carried out from inception to 10th October 2019. Any prospective study or randomized controlled trial (RCT) on adult patients comparing noble-metal coated urinary catheters with any standard catheter and evaluating the incidence of CAUTI or bacteriuria was included.ResultsA total of 13 studies were included in the systematic review. 12 were RCTs and one was a prospective cross-over trial. Catheters employed in the study group were grouped into two sub-groups: Silver alloy coated or Noble metal alloy-coated (Gold, Silver, and Palladium) catheters. Bacteriuria was the most commonly studied outcome variable across trials. Meta-analysis indicated that silver alloy-coated catheters (RR 0.63, 95%CI 0.44-0.90, P = 0.01; I2 = 72%) and noble metal alloy catheters (RR 0.58, 95%CI 0.41-0.81, P = 0.001; I2 = 0%) significantly reduce the risk of bacteriuria. Sub-group analysis based on the duration of catheterization demonstrated that silver alloy catheters reduce the risk of bacteriuria with >1week of catheterization (RR 0.46, 95%CI 0.26-0.81, P = 0.007; I2 = 63%). Symptomatic CAUTI was evaluated only in four studies with variable results. The quality of the included studies was not high.ConclusionsOur review indicates that bacteriuria may be reduced with the use of noble metal-coated catheters during short-term catheterization of adults, however, the quality of evidence is not high. It is not clear if these catheters reduce the risk of symptomatic CAUTI. Further homogenous RCTs are needed to provide clarity.

Compass is the popular instrument used in navigation. In the past, compasses were used to determine the coordinate of ships on the sea and position of people in the deep forests. Nowaday with the development of technology, electronic compasses contribute the excellent solutions in navigation, especially in navigation of mobile robot. Electronic compass with many advantages -compact dimension, high resolution, easy to use and high effect - will be the optimal solution in determining angle of goal point. By giving the right angle of goal to the controller of robot, electronic compass along with other sensors such as encoder and ultrasonic, infrared sensor help increase the result of navigation. In this paper we suggest using of electronic compass in mobile robot navigation to reduce the errors. This method has higher effect and the process of navigation become simplier.

The coprime graph $gg$ with a finite group $G$ as follows: Take $G$ as the vertices of $gg$ and join two distinct vertices $u$ and $v$ if $(|u|,|v|)=1$. In this paper, we want to explore how the graph theoretical properties of $gg$ can effect on the group theoretical properties of $G$. First, we investigate some properties of $gg$ and characterize certain finite groups whose the coprime graph have some property. Then, we discuss some interesting questions with the automorphism groups of coprime graphs. Finally, we prove some general graph theoretical properties of the coprime graphs of the dihedral groups.

Compass is the popular instrument used in navigation. In the past, compasses were used to determine the coordinate of ships on the sea and position of people in the deep forests. Nowaday with the development of technology, electronic compasses contribute the excellent solutions in navigation, especially in navigation of mobile robot. Electronic compass with many advantages -compact dimension, high resolution, easy to use and high effect - will be the optimal solution in determining angle of goal point. By giving the right angle of goal to the controller of robot, electronic compass along with other sensors such as encoder and ultrasonic, infrared sensor help increase the result of navigation. In this paper we suggest using of electronic compass in mobile robot navigation to reduce the errors. This method has higher effect and the process of navigation become simplier.