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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), along with other prominent respiratory RNA viruses such as influenza and SARS-CoV-2, significantly contributes to the global incidence of respiratory tract infections. These pathogens induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which play a crucial role in the onset and progression of respiratory diseases. However, the mechanisms by which viral RNA manages ROS-induced base oxidation remain poorly understood. Here, we reveal that 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoGua) is not merely an incidental byproduct of ROS activity but serves as a strategic adaptation of RSV RNA to maintain genetic fidelity by hijacking the 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1). Through RNA immunoprecipitation and next-generation sequencing, we discovered that OGG1 binding sites are predominantly found in the RSV antigenome, especially within guanine-rich sequences. Further investigation revealed that viral ribonucleoprotein complexes specifically exploit OGG1. Importantly, inhibiting OGG1's ability to recognize 8-oxoGua significantly decreases RSV progeny production. Our results underscore the viral replication machinery's adaptation to oxidative challenges, suggesting that inhibiting OGG1's reading function could be a novel strategy for antiviral intervention. Author summary: Respiratory tract infections caused by RSV present a significant public health concern, especially affecting infants and the elderly. Effective antiviral strategies are urgently needed against this non-segmented, negative-sense RNA virus of the Pneumoviridae family. Our research reveals how RSV maintains replication fitness despite oxidative damage, a common exacerbator of respiratory conditions. We have identified a mechanism where RSV preserves its genome integrity under oxidative stress using the DNA repair enzyme OGG1. This enzyme ensures that the viral RNA accurately pairs 8-oxoGua with cytosine, crucial for maintaining the fidelity of the viral genome. Targeting the interplay between OGG1 and RSV RNA offers a promising approach for developing novel antiviral treatments, potentially countering the virus's evolutionary adaptations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Homoneura picta belongs to the Homoneurinae subfamily of Lauxaniidae, and it is widely distributed and common in China. This study reports the newly sequenced mitochondrial genome of H. picta. The sequence is 15,469 bp long and contains 37 genes (13 protein-coding, 22 tRNA, and 2 rRNA genes) and a control region. The overall base composition is 38.4% for A, 37.7% for T, 14.1% for C, and 9.8% for G, with a bias toward A + T (76.1%). Phylogenetic analysis show that Homoneura is a sister genus of Cestrotus. We have successfully sequenced the mitochondrial genome of H. picta, which can be useful in investigating the phylogenetic status of Homoneurinae. Our results provide data for further studies of phylogeny in Diptera. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Homoneura picta belongs to the Homoneurinae subfamily of Lauxaniidae, and it is widely distributed and common in China. This study reports the newly sequenced mitochondrial genome of H. picta . The sequence is 15,469 bp long and contains 37 genes (13 protein-coding, 22 tRNA, and 2 rRNA genes) and a control region. The overall base composition is 38.4% for A, 37.7% for T, 14.1% for C, and 9.8% for G, with a bias toward A + T (76.1%). Phylogenetic analysis show that Homoneura is a sister genus of Cestrotus . We have successfully sequenced the mitochondrial genome of H. picta , which can be useful in investigating the phylogenetic status of Homoneurinae. Our results provide data for further studies of phylogeny in Diptera., Competing Interests: No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s)., (© 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)