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1. New JWST redshifts for the host galaxies of CDF-S XT1 and XT2: understanding their nature

Author: Quirola-Vásquez, J., Bauer, F. E., Jonker, P. G., Levan, A., Brandt, W. N., Ravasio, M., Eappachen, D., Xue, Y. Q., and Zheng, X. C.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: CDF-S XT1 and XT2 are considered two "canonical" extragalactic fast X-ray transients (FXTs). In this work, we report new constraints on both FXTs, based on recent JWST NIRCam and MIRI photometry, as well as NIRspec spectroscopy for CDF-S XT2 that allow us to improve our understanding of their distances, energetics, and host galaxy properties compared to the pre-JWST era. We use the available HST and JWST archival data to determine the host properties and constrain the energetics of each FXT based on spectral energy distribution (SED) photometric fitting. The host of CDF-S XT1 is now constrained to lie at $z_{phot}{=}2.76_{-0.13}^{+0.21}$, implying a host absolute magnitude $M_{R}=-19.14$ mag, stellar mass $M_{*}$=2.8e8 $M_\odot$, and star formation rate SFR=0.62 $M_\odot$~yr$^{-1}$. These properties lie at the upper end of previous estimates, leaving CDF-S XT1 with a peak X-ray luminosity of $L_{X,peak}$=2.8e47 erg s$^{-1}$. We argue that the best progenitor scenario for XT1 is a low-luminosity gamma-ray burst (GRB), although we do not fully rule out a proto-magnetar association or a jetted tidal disruption event involving a white dwarf and an intermediate-massive black hole. In the case of CDF-S XT2, JWST imaging reveals a new highly obscured component of the host galaxy, previously missed by HST, while NIRspec spectroscopy securely places the host at $z_{spec}{=}3.4598{\pm}0.0022$. The new redshift implies a host with $M_{R}=-21.76$ mag, $M_{*}$=5.5e10 $M_\odot$, SFR=160 $M_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$, and FXT $L_{X,peak}$=1.4e47 erg s$^{-1}$. The revised energetics, similarity to X-ray flash event light curves, small host offset, and high host SFR favor a low-luminosity collapsar progenitor for CDF-S XT2. While these HST and JWST observations shed light on the host galaxies of XT1 and XT2, and by extension, on the nature of FXTs, a unique explanation for both sources remains elusive., Comment: The manuscript was submitted to Astronomy & Astrophysics in August 2024
Published: 2024

2. Extragalactic fast X-ray transient from a weak relativistic jet associated with a Type Ic-BL supernova

Author: Sun, H., Li, W. -X., Liu, L. -D., Gao, H., Wang, X. -F., Yuan, W., Zhang, B., Filippenko, A. V., Xu, D., An, T., Ai, S., Brink, T. G., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. -Q., Wang, C. -Y., Wu, Q. -Y., Wu, X. -F., Yang, Y., Zhang, B. -B., Zheng, W. -K., Ahumada, T., Dai, Z. -G., Delaunay, J., Elias-Rosa, N., Benetti, S., Fu, S. -Y., Howell, D. A., Huang, Y. -F., Kasliwal, M. M., Karambelkar, V., Stein, R., Lei, W. -H., Lian, T. -Y., Peng, Z. -K., Ridnaia, A. V., Svinkin, D. S., Wang, X. -Y., Wang, A. -L., Wei, D. -M., An, J., Andrews, M., Bai, J. -M, Dai, C. -Y., Ehgamberdiev, S. A., Fan, Z., Farah, J., Feng, H. -C., Fynbo, J. P. U., Guo, W. -J., Guo, Z., Hu, M. -K., Hu, J. -W., Jiang, S. -Q., Jin, J. -J., Li, A., Li, J. -D., Li, R. -Z., Liang, Y. -F., Ling, Z. -X., Liu, X., Mao, J. -R., McCully, C., Mirzaqulov, D., Newsome, M., Gonzalez, E. Padilla, Pan, X., Terreran, G., Tinyanont, S., Wang, B. -T., Wang, L. -Z., Wen, X. -D., Xiang, D. -F., Xue, S. -J., Yang, J., Zhu, Z. -P., Cai, Z. -M., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Chen, F. -S., Chen, H. -L., Chen, T. -X., Chen, W., Chen, Y. -H., Chen, Y. -F., Chen, Y., Cheng, H. -Q., Cordier, B., Cui, C. -Z., Cui, W. -W., Dai, Y. -F., Fan, D. -W., Feng, H., Guan, J., Han, D. -W., Hou, D. -J., Hu, H. -B., Huang, M. -H., Huo, J., Jia, S. -M., Jia, Z. -Q., Jiang, B. -W., Jin, C. -C., Jin, G., Kuulkers, E., Li, C. -K., Li, D. -Y., Li, J. -F., Li, L. -H., Li, M. -S., Li, W., Li, Z. -D., Liu, C. -Z, Liu, H. -Y., Liu, H. -Q., Liu, M. -J., Lu, F. -J., Luo, L. -D., Ma, J., Mao, X., Nandra, K., O'Brien, P., Pan, H. -W., Rau, A., Rea, N., Sanders, J., Song, L. -M., Sun, S. -L., Sun, X. -J., Tan, Y. -Y., Tang, Q. -J., Tao, Y. -H., Wang, H., Wang, J., Wang, L., Wang, W. -X., Wang, Y. -L., Wang, Y. -S., Xiong, D. -R., Xu, H. -T., Xu, J. -J., Xu, X. -P., Xu, Y. -F., Xu, Z., Xue, C. -B., Xue, Y. -L., Yan, A. -L., Yang, H. -N., Yang, X. -T., Yang, Y. -J., Zhang, C., Zhang, J., Zhang, M., Zhang, S. -N., Zhang, W. -D., Zhang, W. -J., Zhang, Y. -H., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. -L., Zhao, D. -H., Zhao, H. -S., Zhao, X. -F., Zhao, Z. -J., Zhou, Y. -L., Zhu, Y. -X., and Zhu, Z. -C.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Massive stars end their life as core-collapse supernovae, amongst which some extremes are Type Ic broad-lined supernovae associated with long-duration gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs) having powerful relativistic jets. Their less-extreme brethren make unsuccessful jets that are choked inside the stars, appearing as X-ray flashes or low-luminosity GRBs. On the other hand, there exists a population of extragalactic fast X-ray transients (EFXTs) with timescales ranging from seconds to thousands of seconds, whose origins remain obscure. Known sources that contribute to the observed EFXT population include the softer analogs of LGRBs, shock breakouts of supernovae, or unsuccessful jets. Here, we report the discovery of the bright X-ray transient EP240414a detected by the Einstein Probe (EP), which is associated with the Type Ic supernova SN 2024gsa at a redshift of 0.401. The X-ray emission evolution is characterised by a very soft energy spectrum peaking at < 1.3 keV, which makes it distinct from known LGRBs, X-ray flashes, or low-luminosity GRBs. Follow-up observations at optical and radio bands revealed the existence of a weak relativistic jet that interacts with an extended shell surrounding the progenitor star. Located on the outskirts of a massive galaxy, this event reveals a new population of explosions of Wolf-Rayet stars characterised by a less powerful engine that drives a successful but weak jet, possibly owing to a progenitor star with a smaller core angular momentum than in traditional LGRB progenitors., Comment: 43 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables, submitted. Comments are welcome
Published: 2024

3. Large-Angle Collisions in Burning Plasmas of Inertial Confinement Fusions

Author: Xue, Y. H., Wu, D., and Zhang, J.
Subjects: Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract: A recent neutron analysis of experiments conducted at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) has revealed deviations from the Maxwellian distributions in the ion relative kinetic energy of burning plasmas, with the surprising emergence of supra-thermal deuterium and tritium (DT) ions that fall outside the predictions of macroscopic statistical hydrodynamic models. Our hybrid-particle-in-cell simulations, incorporating the newly-developed model of large-angle collisions, suggest this could be attributed to the increased significance of large-angle collisions among DT ions and $\alpha$-particles in the burning plasma. Extensive investigations into the implications of large-angle collisions in the burning plasma have yield several key findings, including an ignition moment promotion by $\sim 10\, {\rm ps}$, the presence of supra-thermal ions below an energy threshold, and a hotspot expansion rate about six times faster than expected. Furthermore, we have established the congruency between the NIF neutron spectral moment analysis and our simulations. Our researches on large-angle collisions in burning plasmas offer new insights for experiment interpretation and update our understanding for new designs of inertial confinement fusions.
Published: 2024

4. Soft X-ray prompt emission from a high-redshift gamma-ray burst EP240315a

Author: Liu, Y., Sun, H., Xu, D., Svinkin, D. S., Delaunay, J., Tanvir, N. R., Gao, H., Zhang, C., Chen, Y., Wu, X. -F., Zhang, B., Yuan, W., An, J., Bruni, G., Frederiks, D. D., Ghirlanda, G., Hu, J. -W., Li, A., Li, C. -K., Li, J. -D., Malesani, D. B., Piro, L., Raman, G., Ricci, R., Troja, E., Vergani, S. D., Wu, Q. -Y., Yang, J., Zhang, B. -B., Zhu, Z. -P., Postigo, A. de Ugarte, Demin, A. G., Dobie, D., Fan, Z., Fu, S. -Y., Fynbo, J. P. U., Geng, J. -J., Gianfagna, G., Hu, Y. -D., Huang, Y. -F., Jiang, S. -Q., Jonker, P. G., Julakanti, Y., Kennea, J. A., Kokomov, A. A., Kuulkers, E., Lei, W. -H., Leung, J. K., Levan, A. J., Li, D. -Y., Li, Y., Littlefair, S. P., Liu, X., Lysenko, A. L., Ma, Y. -N., Martin-Carrillo, A., O'Brien, P., Parsotan, T., Quirola-Vasquez, J., Ridnaia, A. V., Ronchini, S., Rossi, A., Mata-Sanchez, D., Schneider, B., Shen, R. -F., Thakur, A. L., Tohuvavohu, A., Torres, M. A. P., Tsvetkova, A. E., Ulanov, M. V., Wei, J. -J., Xiao, D., Yin, Y. -H. I., Bai, M., Burwitz, V., Cai, Z. -M., Chen, F. -S., Chen, H. -L., Chen, T. -X., Chen, W., Chen, Y. -F., Chen, Y. -H., Cheng, H. -Q., Cui, C. -Z., Cui, W. -W., Dai, Y. -F., Dai, Z. -G., Eder, J., Fan, D. -W., Feldman, C., Feng, H., Feng, Z., Friedrich, P., Gao, X., Guan, J., Han, D. -W, Han, J., Hou, D. -J., Hu, H. -B., Hu, T., Huang, M. -H., Huo, J., Hutchinson, I., Ji, Z., Jia, S. -M., Jia, Z. -Q., Jiang, B. -W., Jin, C. -C., Jin, G., Jin, J. -J., Keereman, A., Lerman, H., Li, J. -F., Li, L. -H., Li, M. -S., Li, W., Li, Z. -D., Lian, T. -Y., Liang, E. -W., Ling, Z. -X., Liu, C. -Z., Liu, H. -Y., Liu, H. -Q., Liu, M. -J., Liu, Y. -R., Lu, F. -J., LU, H. -J., Luo, L. -D., Ma, F. L., Ma, J., Mao, J. -R., Mao, X., McHugh, M., Meidinger, N., Nandra, K., Osborne, J. P., Pan, H. -W., Pan, X., Ravasio, M. E., Rau, A., Rea, N., Rehman, U., Sanders, J., Santovincenzo, A., Song, L. -M., Su, J., Sun, L. -J., Sun, S. -L., Sun, X. -J., Tan, Y. -Y., Tang, Q. -J., Tao, Y. -H., Tong, J. -Z., Wang, H., Wang, J., Wang, L., Wang, W. -X., Wang, X. -F., Wang, X. -Y., Wang, Y. -L., Wang, Y. -S., Wei, D. -M., Willingale, R., Xiong, S. -L., Xu, H. -T., Xu, J. -J., Xu, X. -P., Xu, Y. -F., Xu, Z., Xue, C. -B., Xue, Y. -L., Yan, A. -L., Yang, F., Yang, H. -N., Yang, X. -T., Yang, Y. -J, Yu, Y. -W., Zhang, J., Zhang, M., Zhang, S. -N., Zhang, W. -D., Zhang, W. -J., Zhang, Y. -H., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. -L., Zhao, D. -H., Zhao, H. -S., Zhao, X. -F., Zhao, Z. -J., Zhou, L. -X., Zhou, Y. -L., Zhu, Y. -X., Zhu, Z. -C., and Zuo, X. -X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are believed to originate from core collapse of massive stars. High-redshift GRBs can probe the star formation and reionization history of the early universe, but their detection remains rare. Here we report the detection of a GRB triggered in the 0.5--4 keV band by the Wide-field X-ray Telescope (WXT) on board the Einstein Probe (EP) mission, designated as EP240315a, whose bright peak was also detected by the Swift Burst Alert Telescope and Konus-Wind through off-line analyses. At a redshift of $z=4.859$, EP240315a showed a much longer and more complicated light curve in the soft X-ray band than in gamma-rays. Benefiting from a large field-of-view ($\sim$3600 deg$^2$) and a high sensitivity, EP-WXT captured the earlier engine activation and extended late engine activity through a continuous detection. With a peak X-ray flux at the faint end of previously known high-$z$ GRBs, the detection of EP240315a demonstrates the great potential for EP to study the early universe via GRBs., Comment: 41 pages, 8 figures, 7 tables
Published: 2024

5. Genome-wide analysis of GRAS transcription factor gene family in Gossypium hirsutum L.

Author: Bin Zhang, J. Liu, Zhao E. Yang, Er Y. Chen, Chao J. Zhang, Xue Y. Zhang, and Fu G. Li
Subjects: Gossypium hirsutum L., GRAS family, Abiotic stress, Phylogeny, Duplication, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract: Abstract Background Cotton is a major fiber and oil crop worldwide. Cotton production, however, is often threatened by abiotic environmental stresses. GRAS family proteins are among the most abundant transcription factors in plants and play important roles in regulating root and shoot development, which can improve plant resistance to abiotic stresses. However, few studies on the GRAS family have been conducted in cotton. Recently, the G. hirsutum genome sequences have been released, which provide us an opportunity to analyze the GRAS family in G. hirsutum. Results In total, 150 GRAS proteins from G. hirsutum were identified. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these GRAS protins could be classified into 14 subfamilies including SCR, DLT, OS19, LAS, SCL4/7, OS4, OS43, DELLA, PAT1, SHR, HAM, SCL3, LISCL and G_GRAS. The gene structure and motif distribution analysis of the GRAS members in G. hirsutum revealed that many genes of the SHR subfamily have more than one intron, which maybe a kind of form in the evolution of plant by obtaining or losing introns. Chromosomal location and duplication analysis revealed that segment and tandem duplication maybe the reasons of the expension of the GRAS family in cotton. Gene expression analysis confirmed the expression level of GRAS members were up-regulated under different abiotic stresses, suggesting that their possible roles in response to stresses. What’s more, higher expression level in root, stem, leaf and pistil also indicated these genes may have effect on the development and breeding of cotton. Conclusions This study firstly shows the comprehensive analysis of GRAS members in G. hirsutum. Our results provide important information about GRAS family and a framework for stress-resistant breeding in G. hirsutum.
Published: 2018
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6. Probing a Magnetar Origin for the population of Extragalactic Fast X-ray Transients detected by Chandra

Author: Quirola-Vásquez, J., Bauer, F. E., Jonker, P. G., Brandt, W. N., Eappachen, D., Levan, A. J., Lopez, E., Luo, B., Ravasio, M. E., Sun, H., Xue, Y. Q., Yang, G., and Zheng, X. C.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Twenty-two extragalactic fast X-ray transients (FXTs) have now been discovered from two decades of Chandra data (analyzing ~259 Ms of data), with 17 associated with distant galaxies (>100 Mpc). Different mechanisms and progenitors have been proposed to explain their properties; nevertheless, after analyzing their timing, spectral parameters, host-galaxy properties, luminosity function, and volumetric rates, their nature remains uncertain. We interpret a sub-sample of nine FXTs that show a plateau or a fast-rise light curve within the framework of a binary neutron star (BNS) merger magnetar model. We fit their light curves and derive magnetar (magnetic field and initial rotational period) and ejecta (ejecta mass and opacity) parameters. This model predicts two zones: an orientation-dependent free zone (where the magnetar spin-down X-ray photons escape freely to the observer) and a trapped zone (where the X-ray photons are initially obscured and only escape freely once the ejecta material becomes optically thin). We argue that six FXTs show properties consistent with the free zone and three FXTs with the trapped zone. This sub-sample of FXTs has a similar distribution of magnetic fields and initial rotation periods to those inferred for short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs), suggesting a possible association. We compare the predicted ejecta emission fed by the magnetar emission (called merger-nova) to the optical and near-infrared upper limits of two FXTs, XRT 141001 and XRT 210423 where contemporaneous optical observations are available. The non-detections place lower limits on the redshifts of XRT 141001 and XRT 210423 of z>1.5 and >0.1, respectively. If the magnetar remnants lose energy via gravitational waves, it should be possible to detect similar objects with the current advanced LIGO detectors out to a redshift z<0.03, while future GW detectors will be able to detect them out to z=0.5., Comment: The paper was accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Published: 2024

7. Polyimide Photocatalytic Material for Photocatalytic Conversion of Benzylamine

Author: Chen, H., Wang, G.-S., Xue, Y. -X., and Zhang, X.
Published: 2024
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8. Electron transport under an ultrafast laser pulse: Implication for spin transport

Author: Meadows, Robert, Xue, Y., Allbritton, Nicholas, and Zhang, G. P.
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Physics - Atomic Physics, Physics - Physics Education, Physics - Optics, Quantum Physics
Abstract: Laser-driven electron transport across a sample has garnered enormous attentions over several decades, because it potentially allows one to control spin transports in spintronics. But light is a transverse electromagnetic wave, how an electron acquires a longitudinal velocity has been very puzzling. In this paper, we show a general mechanism is working. It is the magnetic field {\bf B} that steers the electron moving along the light propagation direction, while its strong transverse motion leads to local excitation. We employ the formalism put forth by Varga and Toroke to show that if we only include {\bf E}, the electron only moves transversely with a large velocity. Including both {\bf B} and {\bf E} and using real experimental laser parameters, we are able to demonstrate that a laser pulse can drive the electron along the axial direction by 20 to 262 $\rm \AA$, consistent with the experiments. The key insight is that {\bf B} changes the direction of the electron and allows the electron to move along the Poynting vector of light. Our finding has an important consequence. Because a nonzero {\bf B} means a spatially dependent vector potential ${\bf A} (\br,t)$, ${\bf B}=\nabla \times {\bf A}(\br,t)$, this points out that the Coulomb gauge, that is, replacing ${\bf A}(\br,t)$ by a spatial independent ${\bf A}(t)$, is unable to describe electron and spin transport under laser excitation. Our finding is expected to have a potential impact on the ongoing investigation of laser-driven spin transport., Comment: 21 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2023

9. Integrating Machine Learning and the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) Framework to Predict Lymph Node Metastasis in Gastric Cancer Patients Based on Inflammation Indices and Peripheral Lymphocyte Subpopulations

Author: Zhu Z, Wang C, Shi L, Li M, Li J, Liang S, Yin Z, and Xue Y
Subjects: machine learning、shap framework、lymph node metastasis、gastric cancer、 inflammation indices、 peripheral lymphocyte subpopulations, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: Ziyu Zhu,1,&ast; Cong Wang,1,&ast; Lei Shi,2 Mengya Li,3 Jiaqi Li,3 Shiyin Liang,3 Zhidong Yin,1 Yingwei Xue1 1Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Oncology, Beidahuang Industry Group General Hospital, Harbin, People’s Republic of China; 3Key Laboratory of Preservation of Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yingwei Xue; Zhidong Yin, Email xueyingwei@hrbmu.edu.cn; 289065199@qq.comBackground: The prediction of lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer, a pivotal determinant affecting treatment approaches and prognosis, continues to pose a significant challenge in terms of accuracy.Methods: In this study, we employed a combination of machine learning methods and the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) framework to develop an integrated predictive model. This model utilizes the preoperatively obtainable parameter of the inflammatory index, aiming to enhance the accuracy of predicting lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer patients.Results: Lymph node metastasis stands as an independent prognostic risk factor for gastric cancer patients. Among various models, XGBoost emerges as the optimal machine learning model. In the training set, the XGBoost model exhibited the highest AUC value of 0.705. In the test set, XGBoost demonstrated the highest AUC of 0.695, and the lowest Brier score of 0.218. Notably, in terms of feature importance, PLR emerged as the most significant factor influencing lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer patients. Through the screening of differentially expressed genes, we ultimately identified the prognostic value of six genes: IGFN1, CLEC11A, STC2, TFEC, MUC5AC, and ANOS1, in predicting survival.Conclusion: The XGBoost model can predict lymph node metastasis (LNM) in gastric cancer patients based on the inflammation index and peripheral lymphocyte subgroups. Combined with SHAP, it provides a more intuitive reflection of the impact of different variables on LNM. PLR emerges as the most crucial risk factor for lymph node metastasis in the inflammation index among gastric cancer patients.Keywords: Machine Learning, SHAP Framework, Lymph Node Metastasis, Gastric Cancer, Inflammation Indices, Peripheral Lymphocyte Subpopulations
Published: 2024

10. Bioinformatics Identification and Validation of Ferroptosis-Related Key Genes and Therapeutic Compounds in Septic Lung Injury

Author: Li Z, Gan H, Li S, Xue Y, Luo K, Huang K, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Jiang L, and Zhang H
Subjects: sepsis, sli, ferroptosis, bioinformatics, hif-1α，phloretin, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: Zhile Li, Han Gan, Siyuan Li, Yuchen Xue, Kai Luo, Kai Huang, Yunqian Zhang, Yan Wang, Lai Jiang, Hui Zhang Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Lai Jiang; Hui Zhang, Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, People’s Republic of China, Email jianglai@xinhuamed.com.cn; zhanghui22002@xinhuamed.com.cnBackground: Septic lung injury (SLI) is a severe condition with high mortality, and ferroptosis, a form of programmed cell death, is implicated in its pathogenesis. However, the explicit mechanisms underlying this condition remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate and validate key ferroptosis-related genes involved in the pathogenesis of SLI through bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation.Methods: Microarray data related to SLI from the GSE130936 dataset were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. These data were then intersected with the FerrDb database to obtain ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and functional enrichment analysis were employed to identify key ferroptosis-related DEGs. The Connectivity Map (c-MAP) tool was used to search for potential compounds or drugs that may inhibit ferroptosis-related DEGs. The transcriptional levels of the key genes and potential therapeutic compounds were verified in an LPS-induced mouse model of lung injury. The expression of these key genes was further verified using the GSE60088 and GSE137342 datasets.Results: 38 ferroptosis-related DEGs were identified between the septic and control mice. PPI network analysis revealed four modules, the most significant of which included eight ferroptosis-related DEGs. Functional enrichment analysis showed that these genes were enriched in the HIF-1 signaling pathway, including IL-6 (Interleukin-6), TIMP1 (Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase 1), HIF-1α (Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α), and HMOX1 (Heme Oxygenase-1). Phloretin, a natural compound, was identified as a potential inhibitor of these genes. Treatment with phloretin significantly reduced the expression of these genes (p < 0.05), mitigated lung injury, improved inflammatory profiles by approximately 50%, and ferroptosis profiles by nearly 30% in the SLI models.Conclusion: This study elucidates the significant role of ferroptosis in SLI and identifies phloretin as a potential therapeutic agent. However, further research, particularly involving human clinical trials, is necessary to validate these findings for clinical use.Keywords: sepsis, SLI, ferroptosis, bioinformatics, HIF-1α, phloretin
Published: 2024

11. Efficacy and Safety of Jiuxin Pill in the Treatment of Patients with Stable Angina Pectoris: A Protocol for a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Clinical Trial

Author: Liu T, Zhang J, Zhao Z, Bi Y, Zheng Y, Wang S, Dai X, Li J, Lin Q, Ni D, Wang C, Wu J, Xue Y, Zhu M, Wang X, and Mao J
Subjects: traditional chinese medicine, jiuxin pill, stable angina pectoris, protocol, randomized controlled trial., Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Tongzuo Liu,1,2,&ast; Jingyi Zhang,1,2,&ast; Zhiqiang Zhao,1 Yingfei Bi,1 Ying Zheng,1 Shuai Wang,1 Xiaohua Dai,3 Jun Li,4 Qian Lin,5 Daimei Ni,6 Chenglong Wang,7 Jianguang Wu,8 Yitao Xue,9 Mingjun Zhu,10 Xianliang Wang,1,&ast; Jingyuan Mao1,&ast; 1Cardiovascular Department, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine/National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China; 2Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China; 3Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui, People’s Republic of China; 4Cardiovascular Department, Guang’anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 5Cardiovascular Department, Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 6Cardiovascular Department, Taihe Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui, People’s Republic of China; 7Cardiovascular Department, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 8Cardiovascular Department, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China; 9Cardiovascular Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 10Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of He’nan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jingyuan Mao; Xianliang Wang, Cardiovascular Department, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine/National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13820498886 ; +86-13920007825, Email jymao@126.com; xlwang1981@126.comBackground: Stable angina pectoris (SAP), as a common type of coronary heart disease (CHD), is characterized by transient retrosternal squeezing pain or suffocation induced by exercise, mood swings, or other stress. Most patients with stable angina pectoris do not benefit from interventional therapy and medication, so optimizing treatment plans has important clinical significance. Jiuxin pill is a Chinese patent medicine developed by Huatuo Chinese Medicine Co. Ltd. (Bozhou, China) to relieve the symptoms of stable angina pectoris (SAP). However, there is a lack of evidence support from high-quality clinical studies.Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial, 170 patients with SAP were recruited from 11 centers in China. The patients were randomized to either the treatment group (Jiuxin pill, 2 pills, bid) or the control group (Jiuxin pill simulant, 2 pills, bid) without changing the original conventional western medicine. The trial was set up with a run-in period of 7 days, a treatment period of 28 ± 2 days, and a follow-up period of 28 ± 2 days. Total exercise time (TED) in the treadmill test and Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) scores were set as the main efficacy outcomes, and the 1-minute heart rate recovery (HRR1), metabolic equivalents (METs), maximum ST segment depression, Borg perceived exertion after exercise, the average number of angina attacks per week, usage of nitroglycerin, drug withdrawal and reduction rate, information scoring of four diagnostic methods in traditional Chinese medicine and incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events were set as the secondary efficacy outcomes. Adverse events were monitored throughout the trial.Discussion: In China, the use of Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of stable angina pectoris is more common. This trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of the Jiuxin pill in the treatment of patients with SAP, and the trial results provide high-quality research evidence for its clinical application.Trial Registration: This trial has been registered in the China Clinical Trial Registry on 11 June 2022 (Registration No.: ChiCTR2200060780, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=172352).Keywords: traditional Chinese medicine, Jiuxin pill, stable angina pectoris, protocol, randomized controlled trial
Published: 2024

12. Teacher-Child Relationship Quality and Beyond: Unpacking Quality in Early Head Start Classrooms in 2018. OPRE Report 2022-122

Author: Administration for Children and Families (DHHS), Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation (OPRE), Mathematica, Xue, Y., Atkins-Burnett, S., Vogel, C., and Cannon, J.
Abstract: Early Head Start is a comprehensive, two-generation federal initiative for low-income pregnant women and families who have infants and toddlers ages 3 or younger. The Head Start Program Performance Standards (HSPPS) require center-based and family child care Early Head Start programs to "provide responsive care, effective teaching, and an organized learning environment that promotes healthy development and children's skill growth…" (45 CFR §1302.31). The goal of this report is to provide a descriptive snapshot of overall quality in Early Head Start classrooms, with a focus on the quality of the teacher-child relationship. In addition, it examines how classroom practices and other features of the classroom are associated with teacher--child relationships, and whether teacher-child relationship quality in Early Head Start is associated with infant and toddler outcomes. The findings broaden the knowledge about the quality of teacher-child relationships in early care and education settings and how it might be improved to better support infants and toddlers. Understanding quality in Early Head Start classrooms can help inform training and technical assistance, professional development, and other quality improvement efforts. This report uses data collected from the 2018 round of Baby FACES. Baby FACES 2018 is a nationally representative, descriptive study of Early Head Start programs, centers, teachers and classrooms, and enrolled families and children. The study, conducted at a single point in time, explored classroom processes and teacher-child relationships in depth, using multiple observation-based measures of classrooms and teachers and teacher-report measures. This report includes data from surveys of children's parents, teachers, and center and program directors, as well as teacher reports on children's development.
Published: 2022

13. A simplified Simple Biosphere Model (SSiB) and its application to land-atmosphere interactions

Author: Xue, Y, Zeng, F, and Schlosse, C
Published: 2023

14. The Lobster Eye Imager for Astronomy Onboard the SATech-01 Satellite

Author: Ling, Z. X., Sun, X. J., Zhang, C., Sun, S. L., Jin, G., Zhang, S. N., Zhang, X. F., Chang, J. B., Chen, F. S., Chen, Y. F., Cheng, Z. W., Fu, W., Han, Y. X., Li, H., Li, J. F., Li, Y., Li, Z. D., Liu, P. R., Lv, Y. H., Ma, X. H., Tang, Y. J., Wang, C. B., Xie, R. J., Xue, Y. L., Yan, A. L., Zhang, Q., Bao, C. Y., Cai, H. B., Cheng, H. Q., Cui, C. Z., Dai, Y. F., Fan, D. W., Hu, H. B., Hu, J. W., Huang, M. H., Jia, Z. Q., Jin, C. C., Li, D. Y., Li, J. Q., Liu, H. Y., Liu, M. J., Liu, Y., Pan, H. W., Qiu, Y. L., Sugizaki, M., Sun, H., Wang, W. X., Wang, Y. L., Wu, Q. Y., Xu, X. P., Xu, Y. F., Yang, H. N., Yang, X., Zhang, B., Zhang, M., Zhang, W. D., Zhang, Z., Zhao, D. H., Cong, X. Q., Jiang, B. W., Li, L. H., Qiu, X. B., Sun, J. N., Su, D. T., Wang, J., Wu, C., Xu, Z., Yang, X. M., Zhang, S. K., Zhang, N., Zhu, Y. F., Ban, H. Y., Bi, X. Z., Cai, Z. M., Chen, W., Chen, X., Chen, Y. H., Cui, Y., Duan, X. L., Feng, Z. G, Gao, Y., He, J. W., He, T., Huang, J. J., Li, F., Li, J. S., Li, T. J., Li, T. T., Liu, H. Q., Liu, L., Liu, R., Liu, S., Meng, N., Shi, Q., Sun, A. T., Wang, Y. M., Wang, Y. B., Wu, H. C., Xu, D. X, Yang, Y. Q, Yang, Y., Yu, X. S., Zhang, K. X., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Y. H., Zhang, Y. T., Zhou, H., Zhu, X. C., Cheng, J. S., Qin, L., Wang, L., Wang, Q. L., Bai, M., Gao, R. L., Ji, Z., Liu, Y. R., Ma, F. L., Shi, Y. J., Su, J., Tan, Y. Y., Tong, J. Z., Xu, H. T., Xue, C. B., Xue, G. F., and Yuan, W.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The Lobster Eye Imager for Astronomy (LEIA), a pathfinder of the Wide-field X-ray Telescope of the Einstein Probe (EP) mission, was successfully launched onboard the SATech-01 satellite of the Chinese Academy of Sciences on 27 July 2022. In this paper, we introduce the design and on-ground test results of the LEIA instrument. Using state-of-the-art Micro-Pore Optics (MPO), a wide field-of-view (FoV) of 346 square degrees (18.6 degrees * 18.6 degrees) of the X-ray imager is realized. An optical assembly composed of 36 MPO chips is used to focus incident X-ray photons, and four large-format complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) sensors, each of 6 cm * 6 cm, are used as the focal plane detectors. The instrument has an angular resolution of 4 - 8 arcmin (in FWHM) for the central focal spot of the point spread function, and an effective area of 2 - 3 cm2 at 1 keV in essentially all the directions within the field of view. The detection passband is 0.5 - 4 keV in the soft X-rays and the sensitivity is 2 - 3 * 10-11 erg s-1 cm-2 (about 1 mini-Crab) at 1,000 second observation. The total weight of LEIA is 56 kg and the power is 85 W. The satellite, with a design lifetime of 2 years, operates in a Sun-synchronous orbit of 500 km with an orbital period of 95 minutes. LEIA is paving the way for future missions by verifying in flight the technologies of both novel focusing imaging optics and CMOS sensors for X-ray observation, and by optimizing the working setups of the instrumental parameters. In addition, LEIA is able to carry out scientific observations to find new transients and to monitor known sources in the soft X-ray band, albeit limited useful observing time available., Comment: Accepted by RAA
Published: 2023
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15. Extragalactic FXT Candidates Discovered by Chandra (2014-2022)

Author: Quirola-Vásquez, J., Bauer, F. E., Jonker, P. G., Brandt, W. N., Yang, G., Levan, A. J., Xue, Y. Q., Eappachen, D., Camacho, E., Ravasio, M. E., Zheng, X. C., and Luo, B.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Extragalactic fast X-ray transients (FXTs) are short flashes of X-ray photons of unknown origin that last a few minutes to hours. We extend the search for extragalactic FXTs from Quirola et al. 2022 (Paper I; based on sources in the Chandra Source Catalog 2.0, CSC2) to further Chandra archival data between 2014-2022. We extract X-ray data using a method similar to that employed by CSC2 and apply identical search criteria as in Paper I. We report the detection of eight FXT candidates, with peak 0.3-10 keV fluxes between 1$\times$10$^{-13}$ to 1$\times$10$^{-11}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ and $T_{90}$ values from 0.3 to 12.1 ks. This sample of FXTs has likely redshifts between 0.7 to 1.8. Three FXT candidates exhibit light curves with a plateau (${\approx}$1-3 ks duration) followed by a power-law decay and X-ray spectral softening, similar to what was observed for a few previously reported FXTs in Paper I. In light of the new, expanded source lists (eight FXTs with known redshifts from Paper I and this work), we update the event sky rates derived in Paper I, finding 36.9$_{-8.3}^{+9.7}$ deg$^{-2}$ yr$^{-1}$ for the extragalactic samples for a limiting flux of ${\gtrsim}$1${\times}$10$^{-13}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$, calculate the first FXT X-ray luminosity function, and compare the volumetric density rate between FXTs and other transient classes. Our latest Chandra-detected extragalactic FXT candidates boost the total Chandra sample by $\sim$50 %, and appear to have a similar diversity of possible progenitors., Comment: 37 pages, 19 figures, 11 tables, accepted for publication in A&A. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2201.07773
Published: 2023
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16. Diabetic Neuropathic Pain and Circadian Rhythm: A Future Direction Worthy of Study

Author: Yang B, Wei W, Fang J, Xue Y, and Wei J
Subjects: diabetic neuropathies, circadian rhythm, pain, chronotherapy, microglia, sex characteristics, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Baozhong Yang,1,&ast; Wei Wei,1,2,&ast; Jun Fang,1,2 Yating Xue,1,2 Jiacheng Wei1,2 1Department of Anaesthesiology, Taiyuan Central Hospital, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Anesthesia, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Baozhong Yang, Email yangbz2000@163.comAbstract: More than half of people with diabetes experience neuropathic pain. Previous research has shown that diabetes patients’ neuropathic pain exhibits a circadian cycle, which is characterized by increased pain sensitivity at night. Additional clinical research has revealed that the standard opioid drugs are ineffective at relieving pain and do not change the circadian rhythm. This article describes diabetic neuropathic pain and circadian rhythms separately, with a comprehensive focus on circadian rhythms. It is hoped that this characteristic of diabetic neuropathic pain can be utilized in the future to obtain more effective treatments for it.Keywords: diabetic neuropathies, circadian rhythm, pain, chronotherapy, microglia, sex characteristics
Published: 2024

17. Hepatocyte-Specific Yap1 Knockout Maintained the Liver Homeostasis of Lipid Metabolism in Mice

Author: Li C, Xue Y, Liu Y, Zheng K, Gao Y, Gong Y, Lu J, Zhang Y, Ji J, Zhang Z, and Shi X
Subjects: yes-associated protein, hepatocyte-specific yap1 knockout, perilipin-2, lipidomic, triglyceride, Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951
Abstract: Caige Li,1,2 Yu Xue,1 Yiwei Liu,1 Kangning Zheng,1 Yuting Gao,1,3 Yi Gong,1 Junlan Lu,1 Yuman Zhang,1 Jingmin Ji,1 Zhiqin Zhang,1 Xinli Shi1 1Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xinli Shi, Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050200, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-0311-89926237, Email sxlsunshine@sina.comIntroduction: Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) is a crucial molecule in the Hippo pathway. The impact of hepatocyte-specific Yap1 knockout (Yap1LKO) on hepatic lipid droplets (LD) and pePLIN2 in metabolic fatty liver has not been reported. This study aims to explore whether Yap1LKO could offer a protective effect in a liver injury model.Methods: Three-week-old Yap1LKO and Yap1Flox mice were given aristolochic acid I (AAI) combined carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) establish liver injury model. Eight-week-old Yap1LKO and Yap1Flox mice were fed with a high-fat diet for 18 weeks to establish obesity-related liver injury model. Further biochemical, histomorphological, immunohistochemical, and lipidomic analyses were performed on serum and liver tissues of these mice to elucidate the effects of hepatocyte-specific Yap1 knockout on hepatic lipid metabolism.Results: Yap1LKO reduced triglyceride (TG) content and PLIN2 expression level in the liver during the intervention of AAI combined CCl4. Moreover, Yap1LKO improved lipid metabolism homeostasis in the liver by increasing the beneficial lipid molecules and reducing the harmful lipid molecules through lipidomics. Finally, Yap1LKO reduced TG content in the serum and liver, hepatic vacuolar degeneration, and hepatic PLIN2 expression level in mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD).Conclusion: Yap1LKO is protective in regulating liver and blood TG when induced with toxic substances AAI combined CCl4 and a high-fat diet.Keywords: yes-associated protein, hepatocyte-specific Yap1 knockout, perilipin-2, lipidomic, triglyceride
Published: 2024

18. The universal shape of the X-ray variability power spectrum of AGN up to $z\sim 3$

Author: Paolillo, M., Papadakis, I. E., Brandt, W. N., Bauer, F. E., Lanzuisi, G., Allevato, V., Shemmer, O., Zheng, X. C., De Cicco, D., Gilli, R., Luo, B., Thomas, M., Tozzi, P., Vito, F., and Xue, Y. Q.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We study the ensemble X-ray variability properties of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) over a large range of timescales (20 ks $\leq T\leq$ 14 yrs), redshift ($0\leq z \lesssim 3$), luminosities ($10^{40}$ erg s$^{-1}\leq L_X\leq 10^{46}$ erg s$^{-1}$) and black hole (BH) masses ($10^6 \leq $M$_\odot \leq 10^9$). We propose the use of the variance-frequency diagram, as a viable alternative to the study of the power spectral density (PSD), which is not yet accessible for distant, faint and/or sparsely sampled AGN. We show that the data collected from archival observations and previous literature studies are fully consistent with a universal PSD form which does not show any evidence for systematic evolution of shape or amplitude with redshift or luminosity, even if there may be differences between individual AGN at a given redshift or luminosity. We find new evidence that the PSD bend frequency depends on BH mass and, possibly, on accretion rate. We finally discuss the implications for current and future AGN population and cosmological studies., Comment: In press on Astronomy and Astrophysics
Published: 2023
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19. The SCUBA-2 Large eXtragalactic Survey: 850um map, catalogue and the bright-end number counts of the XMM-LSS field

Author: Garratt, T. K., Geach, J. E., Tamura, Y., Coppin, K. E. K., Franco, M., Ao, Y., Chen, C. -C., Cheng, C., Clements, D. L., Dai, Y. S., Dannerbauer, H., Greve, T. R., Hatsukade, B., Hwang, H. S., Jiang, L., Kohno, K., Koprowski, M. P., Michalowski, M. J., Sawicki, M., Scott, D., Shim, H., Takeuchi, T. T., Wang, W. -H., Xue, Y. Q., and Yang, C.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We present 850um imaging of the XMM-LSS field observed for 170 hours as part of the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope SCUBA-2 Large eXtragalactic Survey (S2LXS). S2LXS XMM-LSS maps an area of 9 square degrees, reaching a moderate depth of 1-sigma ~ 4 mJy/beam. This is the largest contiguous area of extragalactic sky mapped by JCMT at 850um to date. The wide area of the S2LXS XMM-LSS survey allows us to probe the ultra-bright (S_850um > 15 mJy), yet rare submillimetre population. We present the S2LXS XMM-LSS catalogue, which comprises 40 sources detected at >5-sigma significance, with deboosted flux densities in the range of 7 mJy to 48 mJy. We robustly measure the bright-end of the 850um number counts at flux densities >7 mJy, reducing the Poisson errors compared to existing measurements. The S2LXS XMM-LSS observed number counts show the characteristic upturn at bright fluxes, expected to be motivated by local sources of submillimetre emission and high-redshift strongly lensed galaxies. We find that the observed 850um number counts are best reproduced by model predictions that include either strong lensing or source blending from a 15 arcsec beam, indicating that both may make an important contribution to the observed over-abundance of bright single dish 850um selected sources. We make the S2LXS XMM-LSS 850um map and >5-sigma catalogue presented here publicly available., Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Published: 2023
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20. Study on critical damage factor and the constitutive model including dynamic recrystallization softening of AZ80 magnesium alloy

Author: Xue Y., Zhang Z.M., and Wu Y.J.
Subjects: AZ80 magnesium alloy, critical damage factor, constitutive model, dynamic recrystallization, strain softening, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract: Quantities AZ80 magnesium alloy billets were compressed with 60 % height reduction on hot process simulator at 473, 523, 573, 623, 673, 723 K under strain rates of 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 s-1. In order to predict the occurrence of surface fracture, the critical damage factor based on the Cockcroft-Latham equation were obtained by analysing the results of the corresponding finite element calculation. The results show that the critical damage factor at 523, 573, 623, 673 K under strain rates of 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1 s-1 is not a constant but varies in a range from 0.1397 to 0.4653. Meanwhile, a constitutive model with a few parameters is used to characterize the dynamic recrystallization strain softening of AZ80 alloy, which comprehensively reflect the effects of the deformation temperature, strain and strain rate on the flow stress.
Published: 2013
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21. Densification modeling of titanium alloy powder during hot isostatic pressing

Author: Xue Y., Lang L.H., Bu G.L., and Li L.
Subjects: constitutive model, densification, finite element analysis, hot isostatic pressing, titanium alloy, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract: Densification model of titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) are investigated during hot isostatic pressing (Hip). Experimental data was obtained at various pressures and temperatures during hot isostatic pressing (Hip). Experimental data are compared with the finite element calculations by using the hybrid model and Abouaf model, respectively. The results show that the finite element calculation results by the hybrid model are in agreement with the experimental data for densification behaviour of the titanium alloy powder under Hip; however, the finite element calculation results by using the Abouaf model are over the experimental data. In addition, in order to obtaining relative density distributions of porous body, the statistical relationships during Poisson’s ratio, Rockwell hardness and the relative density of porous body were formulated, the results show that the statistical relationship between Poisson’s ratio and the relative density of porous body is essential to construct such a constitutive model; the statistical relationship between Rockwell hardness and the relative density of porous body is essential to obtain relative density distributions of porous body.
Published: 2011
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22. First wide field-of-view X-ray observations by a lobster eye focusing telescope in orbit

Author: Zhang, C., Ling, Z. X., Sun, X. J., Sun, S. L., Liu, Y., Li, Z. D., Xue, Y. L., Chen, Y. F., Dai, Y. F., Jia, Z. Q., Liu, H. Y., Zhang, X. F., Zhang, Y. H., Zhang, S. N., Chen, F. S., Cheng, Z. W., Fu, W., Han, Y. X., Li, H., Li, J. F., Li, Y., Liu, P. R., Ma, X. H., Tang, Y. J., Wang, C. B., Xie, R. J., Yan, A. L., Zhang, Q., Jiang, B. W., Jin, G., Li, L. H., Qiu, X. B., Su, D. T., Sun, J. N., Xu, Z., Zhang, S. K., Zhang, Z., Zhang, N., Bi, X. Z., Cai, Z. M., He, J. W., Liu, H. Q., Zhu, X. C., Cheng, H. Q., Cui, C. Z., Fan, D. W., Hu, H. B., Huang, M. H., Jin, C. C., Li, D. Y., Pan, H. W., Wang, W. X., Xu, Y. F., Yang, X., Zhang, B., Zhang, M., Zhang, W. D., Zhao, D. H., Bai, M., Ji, Z., Liu, Y. R., Ma, F. L., Su, J., Tong, J. Z., Wang, Y. S., Zhao, Z. J., Feldman, C., O'Brien, P., Osborne, J. P., Willingale, R., Burwitz, V., Hartner, G., Langmeier, A., Müller, T., Rukdee, S., Schmidt, T., Kuulkers, E., and Yuan, W.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: As a novel X-ray focusing technology, lobster eye micro-pore optics (MPO) feature both a wide observing field of view and true imaging capability, promising sky monitoring with significantly improved sensitivity and spatial resolution in soft X-rays. Since first proposed by Angel (1979), the optics have been extensively studied, developed and trialed over the past decades. In this Letter, we report on the first-light results from a flight experiment of the Lobster Eye Imager for Astronomy ($LEIA$), a pathfinder of the wide-field X-ray telescope of the Einstein Probe mission. The piggyback imager, launched in July 2022, has a mostly un-vignetted field of view of $18.6^\circ \times 18.6^\circ $. Its spatial resolution is in the range of 4$-$7 arcmin in FWHM and the focal spot effective area is 2$-$3 cm$^2$, both showing only mild fluctuations across the field of view. We present images of the Galactic center region, Sco X-1 and the diffuse Cygnus Loop nebular taken in snapshot observations over 0.5$-$4 keV. These are truly wide-field X-ray images of celestial bodies observed, for the first time, by a focusing imaging telescope. Initial analyses of the in-flight data show excellent agreement between the observed images and the on-ground calibration and simulations. The instrument and its characterization are briefly described, as well as the flight experiment. The results provide a solid basis for the development of the present and proposed wide-field X-ray missions using lobster eye MPO., Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letter
Published: 2022
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23. New Classification of Rheumatoid Arthritis Based on Immune Cells and Clinical Characteristics

Author: Wang J, Xue Y, and Zhou L
Subjects: rheumatoid arthritis, molecular subtype, immune cells, immunodiagnostic markers, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: Jiaqian Wang,1 Yuan Xue,2 Liang Zhou3 1Department of Orthopaedic, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Orthopaedic, Wuxi Ninth People’s Hospital of Soochow University, Wuxi, 214000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Orthopaedic, Lianshui County People’s Hospital, Huai‘an, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jiaqian Wang, Email 1580443814@qq.comBackground: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic immune disease characterized by joint synovitis, but there are differences in clinical manifestations and serum test results among different patients.Methods: This is a bioinformatics study. We first obtained the gene expression profile of RA and normal synovium from the database, and screened the differentially expressed immune related genes for enrichment analysis. Subsequently, we classified RA into three subtypes by unsupervised clustering of serum gene expression profiles based on immune enrichment scores. Then, the enrichment and clinical characteristics of different subtypes were analyzed. Finally, according to the infiltration of different subtypes of immune cells, diagnostic markers were screened and verified by qRT-PCR.Results: C1 subtype is related to the increase of neutrophils, C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and joint pain is more significant in patients. C2 subtype is related to the expression of CD8+T cells and Tregs, and patients have mild joint pain symptoms. The RF value of C3 subtype is higher, and the expression of various immune cells is increased. CD4 T cells, NK cells activated, macrophages M1 and neutrophils are immune cells significantly infiltrated in synovium and serum of RA patients. IFNGR1, TRAC, IFITM1 can be used as diagnostic markers of different subtypes.Conclusion: In this study, RA patients were divided into different immune molecular subtypes based on gene expression profile, and immune diagnostic markers were screened, which provided a new idea for the diagnosis and treatment of RA.Keywords: rheumatoid arthritis, molecular subtype, immune cells, immunodiagnostic markers
Published: 2024

24. Triglyceride-Glucose Index is an Independent Risk Factor for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development in Patients with HBV-Related Liver Cirrhosis

Author: Yang SH, He YS, Zheng SQ, Zhang XJ, Dai H, and Xue Y
Subjects: hepatocellular carcinoma, triglyceride-glucose index, insulin resistance, liver cirrhosis, decompensated cirrhosis, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Su-Hua Yang,1,&ast; Yi-Shan He,2,&ast; Shu-Qin Zheng,3 Xiu-Jun Zhang,3 Hong Dai,1,&ast; Yuan Xue2,3,&ast; 1Department of General Surgery, Changzhou Third People’s Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Infectious Diseases, Changzhou Third People’s Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Institute of Hepatology, Changzhou Third People’s Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hong Dai, Department of General Surgery, Changzhou Third People’s Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China, Email daihong@njmu.edu.cn Yuan Xue, Institute of Hepatology, Changzhou Third People’s Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Lanling North Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 519 82009059, Email xueyuan@njmu.edu.cnAim: This study aimed to explore the effects of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related liver cirrhosis (LC).Methods: A total of 242 patients with HBV-related LC were enrolled and followed-up. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate risk factors for HCC.Results: The median follow-up time was 37 months (range: 6– 123 months). At the end of the follow-up, 11 (11.3%) patients with compensated cirrhosis (CC) and 45 (31.0%) with decompensated cirrhosis (DC) developed HCC. The TyG index was higher in the HCC group than in the non-HCC group (P=0.05). Univariate analysis showed that age (P< 0.01), DC (P< 0.01), TyG index (P=0.08), albumin (ALB) level (P=0.05), platelet (PLT) count (P< 0.01), and HBV DNA positivity (P< 0.01) were associated with HCC development. Multivariate analysis revealed that age, DC, TyG index, PLT count, and HBV DNA positivity were independent risk factors for HCC development (P=0.01, 0.01, < 0.01, 0.05, and < 0.01, respectively). For patients with DC, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age, TyG index, and HBV DNA positivity were independent risk factors for HCC development (all P< 0.05). A new model encompassing age, DC, TyG, PLT, and positive HBV DNA had optimal predictive accuracy in patients with DC or CC, with a cutoff value of 0.197. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs) of the model for predicting HCC development in patients with LC, DC, and CC were 0.778, 0.721, and 0.783, respectively.Conclusion: TyG index was identified as an independent risk factor for HCC development in patients with LC.Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, triglyceride-glucose index, insulin resistance, liver cirrhosis, decompensated cirrhosis
Published: 2024

25. On the observed time evolution of cosmic rays in a new time domain

Author: Varotsos, C.A., Golitsyn, G.S., Mazei, Y., Sarlis, N.V., Xue, Y., Mavromichalaki, H., and Efstathiou, M.N.
Published: 2024
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26. The mediating effect of lifestyle behaviors on the relationship between self-perceived work stress and suboptimal health status: a cross-sectional study involving Chinese urban workers

Author: Lu, C., Zhang, Z., Li, D., Huang, C., Liu, C., Peng, J., Xue, Y., Zhang, J., and Xu, J.
Published: 2024
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27. Characterization of irradiation-induced dislocation loops in Vanadium at 25-500 °C

Author: Zhang, Q., Li, L., Chen, S., Dong, Y., Fu, E., Chang, X., Bao, L., Guo, X., Jin, K., and Xue, Y.
Published: 2025
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28. Prognostic Value of Fibrinogen to Prealbumin Ratio (FPR) in Resectable Gastric Cancer

Author: Li H, Sun Y, Wang C, and Xue Y
Subjects: gastric cancer, fibrinogen to prealbumin ratio, nomogram, prognosis, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: Hongwei Li,1,&ast; Yufei Sun,2,&ast; Cong Wang,1 Yingwei Xue1 1Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesia, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yingwei Xue, Tel +86-13304646901, Email xueyingwei@hrbmu.edu.cnBackground: The ratio of fibrinogen to prealbumin (FPR) is associated with the prognosis of many cancers. However, the prognostic significance of FPR in resectable gastric cancer has not been clarified.Methods: A total of 760 patients with resectable gastric cancer participated in this study. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to calculate the optimal cutoff value of each immunonutrition marker. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to confirm the prognostic value of FPR in patients with gastric cancer and to select appropriate variables for the construction of nomogram.Results: Utilizing ROC analysis, we calculated the optimal cutoff value for FPR and stratified 760 patients into high and low FPR groups. Subsequent examination revealed notable distinctions in baseline characteristics between these groups. For instance, Patients with higher FPR tend to be older and have more lymph node metastasis. Statistical analysis through the chi-square test confirmed the significance of these differences (P < 0.05). In addition, the results of the multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis indicate that the factors related to OS were age (P = 0.001), T stage (P < 0.001), N stage (P < 0.001), radical resection (P < 0.001), and FPR (P < 0.024). The nomogram is composed of the above five variables. ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of the nomogram was 0.859 (95% CI: 0.831– 0.887), and the sensitivity and specificity were 77.4% and 82.1%, respectively.Conclusion: FPR is a potential marker in patients with resectable gastric cancer. The nomogram based on FPR shows good predictive ability, which is helpful for clinicians to judge the prognosis of patients and choose targeted treatment strategies.Keywords: gastric cancer, fibrinogen to prealbumin ratio, nomogram, prognosis
Published: 2024

29. Autologous Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Mono-Therapy Can Rapidly Shrank Tumor in Asian Patient with Stage III/IV Cervical Cancer: Two Cases Report

Author: Li F, Wang Y, Yan J, Wu H, Du X, Feng W, Zhang X, Xue Y, Wang H, and Liu W
Subjects: tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, clinical response, immune response, metastatic cervical cancer, treatment, Gynecology and obstetrics, RG1-991
Abstract: Fenge Li,1,2,&ast; Yupeng Wang,1,&ast; Jin Yan,1,&ast; Huancheng Wu,3 Xueming Du,1 Weihong Feng,1 Xiaoqing Zhang,4 Yongming Xue,4 Huaqing Wang,5,6 Wenxin Liu7 1Department of Oncology, Tianjin Beichen Hospital Tianjin People’s Republic of China; 2Core Laboratory, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Basic Research, Suzhou Lanma Biotechnology Co, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Oncology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Translational Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tianjin Medical Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Wenxin Liu, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tianjin Medical Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhuxi Road, Tiyuanbei, Hexi District, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8618622221101, Email wenxin1973@163.com Huaqing Wang, Department of Translational Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Jieyuan Road No. 190, Nankai District, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8618622221223, Email huaqingw@163.comIntroduction: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) therapy is one of the most promising adoptive T cell therapies, which has shown great clinical efficacy against several solid malignancies. Nevertheless, clinical response to TILs mono-therapy in Asian patients with recurrent cervical cancer has not been well reported.Case Presentation: Here, we report two patients who were diagnosed with metastatic cervical cancer and tumor progression following multiple conventional treatments. In particular, one of the patients has a history of severe myelosuppression after chemotherapy. The patients received lymphodepletion therapy, which consisted of cyclophosphamide (30mg/kg) for 2 days, followed by Fludarabine (25mg/m2) for 5 days, approximately 24 hr before receiving intravenous autologous TILs infusion. These two patients then received high doses of IL-2 for 10 days with the purpose of maintaining T cell survival and proliferation. Patient 1 experienced clinical partial response (PR) at 6 weeks post TILs infusion and a 33% tumor shrinkage at 12 weeks follow-up, and patient 2 was evaluated as stable disease (SD) at 6 weeks post treatment. Mild and manageable adverse events were observed and soon subsided after the TILs treatment. A time-course study examining the peripheral blood cell count and cytokine secretion demonstrated the persistence of infused TILs and long-term immune response.Conclusion: These results suggest that TILs mono-therapy can be a promising treatment strategy for Asian patients with late-stage metastatic cervical cancer even with severe myelosuppression. TILs infusion can induce persistence and a long-term systematic immune response that reversed peripheral CD4+T and CD8+T percentages implying that TILs infusion increased cytotic T cell responses, which is consistent with clinical responses in these patients. Trial registration number: NCT05366478.Keywords: tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, clinical response, immune response, metastatic cervical cancer, treatment
Published: 2024

30. The Free Triiodothyronine, Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase and Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis Index: A Novel Model for Predicting 1-Year Mortality in Patients with HBV-Related Hepatic Encephalopathy

Author: Lin L, Huang ZY, Liu K, Tong XC, Zhang ZX, and Xue Y
Subjects: hepatic encephalopathy, free triiodothyronine, model for end-stage liver disease, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, mortality, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract: Lin Lin,1,2,&ast; Ze-yu Huang,1,&ast; Kai Liu,1,3 Xue-cheng Tong,1,3 Zhi-xin Zhang,4 Yuan Xue1,3 1Institute of Hepatology, The Third People’s Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pharmacy, The Third People’s Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third People’s Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Pulmonary Diseases, The Third People’s Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yuan Xue; Zhi-xin Zhang, Email xueyuan80908@163.com; zhixinzhang2006@163.comBackground and Aims: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is characterized by neuropsychiatric manifestations in patients with decompensated cirrhosis (DC) and/or liver failure. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of thyroid hormone in patients with HE.Methods: Patients with DC and HE were enrolled, and multivariate logistic analysis was conducted to analyze the risk factors for 1-year mortality.Results: Among the 81 patients with HBV-related DC and HE, 9 (11.1%) died within 3 months, and 15 (18.5%) died within the first year. More patients with FT3 < 3.5pmol/L had ascites (33.3% vs 8.9%, P< 0.01) and higher model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) (Z=3.669, P< 0.01). Additionally, free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels were lower in the non-survivor group (P< 0.01). FT3 exhibited a negative correlation with international normalized ratio and MELD (both P< 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that FT3, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) were independent risk factors for 1-year mortality of HE. A new model incorporating FT3, GTT, and SBP demonstrated superiority to MELD based on the AUROC (0.9 and 0.752, P=0.04).Conclusion: Low FT3, but not thyroid-stimulating hormone and free tetraiodothyronine, was identified as an independent risk factor for 1-year mortality in patients with DC and HE. The newly proposed prognostic model, which includes FT3, GTT, and SBP, holds significant predictive value.Keywords: hepatic encephalopathy, free triiodothyronine, model for end-stage liver disease, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, mortality
Published: 2024

31. Extragalactic fast X-ray transient candidates discovered by Chandra (2000-2014)

Author: Quirola-Vasquez, J., Bauer, F. E., Jonker, P. G., Brandt, W. N., Yang, G., Levan, A. J., Xue, Y. Q., Eappachen, D., Zheng, X. C., and Luo, B.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Extragalactic Fast X-ray Transients (FXRTs) are short flashes of X-ray photons spanning a few seconds to hours, with an uncertain origin. Our ignorance about their physical mechanisms and progenitor systems is due in part to the lack of clear multi-wavelength counterparts in most cases because they only have been identified serendipitously. We develop a systematic search of FXRTs using a straightforward X-ray flare search algorithm, in the Chandra Source Catalog (Data Release 2.0; 169.6 Ms over 592.4 deg$^{2}$ using only observations with $|b|>10^{\circ}$ and before 2015), incorporating various multi-wavelength constraints to rule out Galactic contamination and characterize the candidates. We report the detection of 14 FXRT candidates from a parent sample of 214,701 sources. Candidates have peak 0.5-7 keV fluxes between 1$\times$10$^{-13}$ to 2$\times$10$^{-10}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ and $T_{90}$ values from 4 to 48 ks. The sample can be subdivided into two groups: six "nearby" FXRTs that occurred within $d\lesssim$100 Mpc and eight "distant" FXRTs with likely redshifts $\gtrsim$0.1. Three distant FXRT candidates exhibit light curves with a plateau (${\approx}$1-3 ks duration) followed by a power-law decay and X-ray spectral softening, similar to what was observed for the previously reported FXRT CDF-S~XT2, a proposed magnetar-powered binary neutron star merger event. After applying completeness corrections, we calculate event rates for the nearby and distant samples of 53.7$_{-15.1}^{+22.6}$ and 28.2$_{-6.9}^{+9.8}$ deg$^{-2}$ yr$^{-1}$, respectively. This novel sample of Chandra-detected extragalactic FXRT candidates, although modest in size, breaks new ground in terms of characterizing the diverse properties, nature, and possible progenitors of these enigmatic events., Comment: 44 pages, 22 figures, submitted to A&A on Jan 6, 2022, and accepted on Apr 11, 2022
Published: 2022
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32. Prediction of air pollution reduction benefits and atmospheric environmental quality improvement effects from electric vehicle deployment in Beijing, China

Author: Xue, Y., Nie, T., Cui, Y., Liu, X., Chen, J., Wu, X., Wu, T., and Shen, Y.
Published: 2023
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33. Meshing Stiffness Calculation and Analysis of the Cycloidal Pump’s Rotor

Author: Liu M. T. and Xue Y. N.
Subjects: Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract: In order to calculate the meshing stiffness of the cycloidal pump’s rotor, a method of relationship that deduces two generating curtate epicycloid is proposed, the radius values of the inner rotor’s actual tooth profile curvature was calculated and analyzed; Based on the formula of Hertz, the cycloidal pump rotor’s meshing stiffness calculation formula is inferred, the changing curve of cycloidal pump rotor’s meshing stiffness is made, some important parameters on its meshing stiffness are studied, the maximum value of meshing stiffness is when the outer rotor mesh with inner rotor’s outer convex profile curve, and the minimum value is when the outer rotor mesh with the center of inner rotor’s inner concave.
Published: 2016
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34. Radiation-enhanced precipitation and the impact on He bubble formation in V-Ti-based refractory alloys containing interstitial impurities

Author: Zhang, Q., Li, L., Huang, H., Chen, S., Jia, N., Dong, Y., Guo, X., Jin, K., and Xue, Y.
Published: 2024
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35. Energy Services Interface: Requirements Document

Author: Brown, Richard, Khandekar, Aditya, Liu, Jingjing, Nordman, Bruce, Kolln, J, Widergren, S, Narang, D, Bohn, T, and Xue, Y
Published: 2022

36. Experimental Study on Shear Strength Parameter Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Miscellaneous Fill

Author: Chen, Y., Zhang, H. F., Xu, C. J., Liu, R. Z., and Xue, Y. H.
Published: 2023
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37. Gain and excess noise properties of 3-gain-stage InGaAs/InAlAs avalanche photodetector

Author: Sun, Tong, Wang, Zi H., Liu, Gang, Yang, Xue Y., Du, Mei Q., Zhou, Feng, and Lu, Peng F.
Published: 2024
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38. Effects of antipsychotics on amino acid levels in patients with first-episode schizophrenia: A prospective study

Author: Wang, X., Wang, L., Xue, Y., and Li, Y.
Published: 2024
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39. The XMM-SERVS survey: XMM-Newton point-source catalogs for the W-CDF-S and ELAIS-S1 fields

Author: Ni, Q., Brandt, W. N., Chen, C. -T., Luo, B., Nyland, K., Yang, G., Zou, F., Aird, J., Alexander, D. M., Bauer, F. E., Lacy, M., Lehmer, B. D., Mallick, L., Salvato, M., Schneider, D. P., Tozzi, P., Traulsen, I., Vaccari, M., Vignali, C., Vito, F., Xue, Y., Banerji, M., Chow, K., Comastri, A., Del Moro, A., Gilli, R., Mullaney, J., Paolillo, M., Schwope, A., Shemmer, O., Sun, M., Timlin, J. D., and Trump, J. R.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We present the X-ray point-source catalogs in two of the XMM-Spitzer Extragalactic Representative Volume Survey (XMM-SERVS) fields, W-CDF-S (4.6 deg$^2$) and ELAIS-S1 (3.2 deg$^2$), aiming to fill the gap between deep pencil-beam X-ray surveys and shallow X-ray surveys over large areas. The W-CDF-S and ELAIS-S1 regions were targeted with 2.3 Ms and 1.0 Ms of XMM-Newton observations, respectively; 1.8 Ms and 0.9 Ms exposures remain after flare filtering. The survey in W-CDF-S has a flux limit of 1.0 $\times$ 10$^{-14}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ over 90% of its area in the 0.5-10 keV band; 4053 sources are detected in total. The survey in ELAIS-S1 has a flux limit of 1.3 $\times$ 10$^{-14}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ over 90% of its area in the 0.5-10 keV band; 2630 sources are detected in total. Reliable optical-to-IR multiwavelength counterpart candidates are identified for $\approx$ 89% of the sources in W-CDF-S and $\approx$ 87% of the sources in ELAIS-S1. 3186 sources in W-CDF-S and 1985 sources in ELAIS-S1 are classified as AGNs. We also provide photometric redshifts for X-ray sources; $\approx$ 84% of the 3319/2001 sources in W-CDF-S/ELAIS-S1 with optical-to-NIR forced photometry available have either spectroscopic redshifts or high-quality photometric redshifts. The completion of the XMM-Newton observations in the W-CDF-S and ELAIS-S1 fields marks the end of the XMM-SERVS survey data gathering. The $\approx$ 12,000 point-like X-ray sources detected in the whole $\approx$ 13 deg$^2$ XMM-SERVS survey will benefit future large-sample AGN studies., Comment: 40 pages, 35 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJS. Data products available at: https://personal.psu.edu/wnb3/xmmservs/xmmservs.html
Published: 2021
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40. Intelligent Metro Shield Tunnel Structure Assessment Based on Knowledge Graph

Author: Pang, H. J., Li, S. Y., Dai, L. F., Kong, J. T., Liu, M. K., Jia, F., Xue, Y. D., di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Gomes Correia, António, editor, Azenha, Miguel, editor, Cruz, Paulo J. S., editor, Novais, Paulo, editor, and Pereira, Paulo, editor
Published: 2023
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41. Serum Uric Acid to Creatinine Ratio and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Overweight/Obesity

Author: She D, Xu W, Liu J, Zhang Z, Fang P, Li R, Kong D, Xuan M, Liu Q, Pan MY, Wang Y, and Xue Y
Subjects: metabolic syndrome, serum uric acid to creatinine ratio, overweight/obesity, Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951
Abstract: Dunmin She,1,2,&ast; Wei Xu,3,&ast; Jing Liu,4,&ast; Zikai Zhang,5 Ping Fang,3 Ran Li,3 Dehong Kong,3 Miao Xuan,3 Qi Liu,3 Mo Yuan Pan,6 Yan Wang,1,2 Ying Xue3 1Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Endocrinology, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 4Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 6The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ying Xue, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, No. 389, Xincun Road, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-21-66111061, Email doxy0622@163.com Yan Wang, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, No. 98, Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China, Email yzyan1972@126.comPurpose: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a rising global concern with an increasing prevalence. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum uric acid to creatinine ratio (SUA/Cr) and MetS in adults with overweight/obesity in China.Patients and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study comprising 4699 participants with overweight/obesity who underwent physical examinations. Their serum levels of various components, including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), creatinine (Cr), and uric acid (UA) were measured. Renal function-normalized SUA was calculated using SUA/Cr. Logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate the association between SUA/Cr and MetS in adults with overweight/obesity.Results: SUA/Cr levels were lower in non-MetS participants (OR: 2.159, 95% CI: 1.82 to 2.56; p < 0.001), and tended to rise with the increasing number of MetS components. Additionally, elevated SUA/Cr levels were associated with a higher risk of hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia.Conclusion: SUA/Cr levels were significantly associated with MetS and its components in Chinese adults with overweight/obesity.Keywords: metabolic syndrome, serum uric acid to creatinine ratio, overweight/obesity
Published: 2023

42. The Incidence and Risk Factors of Acute Myocardial Infarction Among Patients with Gastrointestinal bleeding: A Retrospective Study

Author: Yang Y, Xue Y, Li W, Yang F, Guo X, and Zhou Z
Subjects: cardiovascular, evaluation, gastrointestinal hemorrhages, prognosis, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Yan Yang,1 Yaofeng Xue,1 Wenjing Li,1 Fang Yang,1 Xiaohe Guo,1 Zhongyin Zhou2 1Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhongyin Zhou, Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive System Disease, No. 238, Jiefang Road, No. 99, Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13871029766, Fax +86 027-88043958, Email wuyangwu712@163.comPurpose: Patients with gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have higher mortality than that with either GIB or AMI alone. The aims of this study were to determine the incidence and risk factors of AMI in patients with GIB.Patients and Methods: From January 2015 to January 2018, we retrospectively studied 1287 patients with GIB in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University. Various demographic, laboratory and outcome data were reviewed by charts.Results: Thirty-seven patients had AMI and were placed in AMI group and the rest 1250 patients were in non-AMI group. Patients with AMI were more likely to be older than 70 years, have hypertension, coronary heart disease, chronic kidney disease, and have the recent history of taking aspirin before admission. The ROC curve of hemoglobin (HB) on admission showed area under curve was 0.762, the optimal cut-off value is 76.5g/L. Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥ 70 years old, coronary heart disease and HB < 76.5g/L on admission were independent risk factors of AMI in patients with GIB. The mortality of patients during hospitalization in AMI group and in non-AMI group were 45.95% and 5.48%, respectively. Patients who displayed a history of liver disease and HB < 76.5g/L on admission had a higher death rate.Conclusion: GIB increased the risk of subsequent AMI, especially in patients over 70 years old, with history of coronary heart disease and HB < 76.5g/L on admission. Patients with GIB and AMI who had history of liver disease and HB < 76.5g/L on admission had a higher mortality rate. Clinicians should identify the high-risk patients of AMI among the GIB population early and prevent AMI.Keywords: cardiovascular, evaluation, gastrointestinal hemorrhages, prognosis
Published: 2023

43. Pseudolaric Acid A: A Promising Antifungal Agent Against Prevalent Non-albicans Candida Species

Author: Li Z, Zhu B, Chen W, Hu J, Xue Y, Yin H, Hu X, and Liu W
Subjects: pseudolaric acid a, fluconazole, antifungal, combination, non-albicans candida, synergy, autophagy, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract: Zhen Li,1,&ast; Bin Zhu,2,&ast; Weiqin Chen,1 Jun Hu,1 Yingjun Xue,1 Hongmei Yin,1 Xiaobo Hu,3 Weiwei Liu1 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Rehabilitation, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People’s Republic of China; 3General Office, Centre for Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai, 200126, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Weiwei Liu, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China, Email huashanvivian@126.com Xiaobo Hu, General Office, Centre for Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai, 200126, People’s Republic of China, Email huxiaobo@vip.sina.comPurpose: The non-albicans Candida (NAC) species have recently gained great importance worldwide due to the increasing proportion in candida causing bloodstream infections. This investigation aimed to explore the efficacy of Pseudolaric acid A (PAA, a diterpenoid derived from Pseudolarix kaempferi) and its synergistic effect with fluconazole (FLC) against NAC species, including C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis complex, and C. glabrata.Methods: The microdilution checkerboard assay and time-killing curves were performed to detect the antifungal efficiency. To examine the integrity of cell walls and membranes, calcofluor white stain and propidium iodide stain were used. The changes of intracellular ultrastructure in Candida cells after treatment were observed using transmission electron microscopy. Changes in cell viability with the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA were assessed by the XTT method.Results: It was revealed that PAA alone is effective on C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis sensu stricto, C. orthopsilosis, and C. metapsilosis (MIC 8– 128 μg/mL). Strong synergism against FLC-resistant C. tropicalis was observed (FICI 0.07– 0.281), when PAA and FLC were combined. PAA had dose-dependently detrimental effects on C. tropicalis cell membranes. Moreover, increased vacuoles and autophagosome formation were found in C. tropicalis exposed to PAA. And the inhibitory effect of PAA against C. tropicalis can be relieved by autophagy inhibitor 3-MA in a certain concentration range. Ultrastructural alterations of C. tropicalis were more pronounced under the combination of PAA and FLC, including separation of the cell membrane from the cell wall, increased number of vacuoles, and degradation of organelles.Conclusion: These observations indicated that PAA and its combination with FLC could be a promising therapeutic candidate for treating infections caused by NAC species.Keywords: pseudolaric acid A, fluconazole, antifungal, combination, non-albicans Candida, synergy, autophagy
Published: 2023

44. Adherence to Atrial Fibrillation Better Care (ABC) Pathway Management of Chinese Community Elderly Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author: Zhang X, Huang J, Weng F, Wen Y, Wang X, Jiang J, Xue Y, and Li K
Subjects: atrial fibrillation, community, integrated management, elderly, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Xiaomin Zhang,1,&ast; Jun Huang,2,&ast; Fan Weng,3 Yanting Wen,3 Xiaoxia Wang,2 Junrong Jiang,4 Yumei Xue,4 Kun Li1 1School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Geriatrics, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Yuexiu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yumei Xue, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, No. 106 Zhong Shan Second Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613570082363, Email 1295439278@qq.com Kun Li, School of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 74 Zhong Shan Second Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613822206519, Email likun22@mail.sysu.edu.cnBackground: Investigating adherence to the Atrial Fibrillation Better Care (ABC) pathway management and identifying gaps between the real world and established guidelines can lead to better integrated management of AF. Current data on adherence to ABC pathway management among community elderly patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) in Chinese communities is limited.Aim: To investigate the adherence to ABC pathway management among community elderly patients with AF in China.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data were collected from the 2020 National Basic Public Health Service Program database that includes health examination information for all residents > 65 years of age in Yuexiu, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province. Demographic and clinical characteristics data from 197 community AF patients were obtained.Results: Among the 197 AF patients, 103 (52.3%) were male, 117 (59.4%) were ≥ 75 years of age, 127 (64.5%) had a senior middle school education or above, 84.3% were married, and 195 (99.0%) had medical insurance. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (72.1%, 142/197), dyslipidaemia (28.4%, 56/197), CAD (28.9%, 57/197), and diabetes (24.9%, 49/197). In terms of the ABC management pathway, 21.8% (43/197), 82.7% (163/197), and 31.5% (62/197) of AF patients were classified into the A-adherent group, B-adherent group, and C-adherent group, respectively. The level of adherence to ABC pathway management was very low (9.1%, 18/197) and independently associated with age and multimorbidity.Conclusion: The level of adherence to ABC pathway management in community elderly patients with AF was unsatisfactory. Further research is warranted to improve the integrated management of AF.Keywords: atrial fibrillation, community, integrated management, elderly
Published: 2023

45. Identifying Metabolic Syndrome Easily and Cost Effectively Using Non-Invasive Methods with Machine Learning Models

Author: Xu W, Zhang Z, Hu K, Fang P, Li R, Kong D, Xuan M, Yue Y, She D, and Xue Y
Subjects: metabolic syndrome, machine learning methods, non-invasive method, naive bayesian, Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951
Abstract: Wei Xu,1,&ast; Zikai Zhang,2,&ast; Kerong Hu,1,&ast; Ping Fang,1 Ran Li,1 Dehong Kong,1 Miao Xuan,1 Yang Yue,3 Dunmin She,4,5 Ying Xue1 1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; 4Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Endocrinology, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ying Xue, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, No. 389, Xincun Road, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-21-66111061, Email doxy0622@163.com Dunmin She, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, No. 98, Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China, Email sdm1979@126.comPurpose: The objective of this study was to employ machine learning (ML) models utilizing non-invasive factors to achieve early and low-cost identification of MetS in a large physical examination population.Patients and Methods: The study enrolled 9171 participants who underwent physical examinations at Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital in 2009 and 2019, to determine MetS based on criteria established by the Chinese Diabetes Society. Non-invasive characteristics such as gender, age, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were collected and used as input variables to train and evaluate ML models for MetS identification. Several ML models were used for MetS identification, including logistic regression (LR), k-nearest neighbors algorithm (k-NN), naive bayesian (NB), decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), artificial neural network (ANN), and support vector machine (SVM).Results: Our ML models all showed good performance in the 10-fold cross-validation except for the SVM model. In the external validation, the NB model exhibited the best performance with an AUC of 0.976, accuracy of 0.923, sensitivity of 98.32%, and specificity of 91.32%.Conclusion: This study proposed a new non-invasive method for early and low-cost identification of MetS by using ML models. This approach has the potential to serve as a highly sensitive, convenient, and cost-effective tool for large-scale MetS screening.Keywords: metabolic syndrome, machine learning methods, non-invasive method, naive Bayesian
Published: 2023

46. Possible ~0.4 hour X-ray quasi-periodicity from an ultrasoft active galactic nucleus

Author: Song, J. R., Shu, X. W., Sun, L. M., Xue, Y. Q., Jin, C., Zhang, W. J., Jiang, N., Dou, L. M., and Wang, T. G.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: RX J1301.9+2747 is an ultrasoft active galactic nucleus (AGN) with unusual X-ray variability that is characterized by a long quiescent state and a short-lived flare state. The X-ray flares are found to recur quasi-periodically on a timescale of 13-20 ks. Here, we report the analysis of the light curve in the quiescent state from two XMM observations spanning 18.5 years, along with the discovery of a possible quasi-periodic X-ray oscillation (QPO) with a period of ~1500s. The QPO is detected at the same frequency in the two independent observations, with a combined significance of >99.89%. The QPO is in agreement with the relation between frequency and black hole mass (M_BH) that has been reported in previous works for AGNs and Galactic black hole X-ray binaries (XRBs). The QPO frequency is stable over almost two decades, suggesting that it may correspond to the high-frequency type found in XRBs and originates, perhaps, from a certain disk resonance mode. In the 3:2 twin-frequency resonance model, our best estimate on the M_BH range implies that a maximal black hole spin can be ruled out. We find that all ultrasoft AGNs reported so far display quasi-periodicities in the X-ray emission, suggesting a possible link on the part of the extreme variability phenomenon to the ultrasoft X-ray component. This indicates that ultrasoft AGNs could be the most promising candidates in future searches for X-ray periodicities., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures and 4 supplementary figures, to appear in A&A Letters
Published: 2020
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47. The environmental dependence of X-ray AGN activity at $z\sim0.4$

Author: Noordeh, E., Canning, R. E. A., King, A., Allen, S. W., Mantz, A., Morris, R. G., Ehlert, S., von der Linden, A., Brandt, W. N., Luo, B., Xue, Y. Q., and Kelly, P.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We present an analysis of the X-ray Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) population in a sample of seven massive galaxy clusters in the redshift range $0.356.8\times10^{42}~\mathrm{erg~s^{-1}}$, within $r\leq2r_{500}$ (approximately the virial radius), we find that the cluster AGN space density scales with cluster mass as $\sim M^{-2.0^{+0.8}_{-0.9}}$. This result rules out zero mass dependence of the cluster X-ray AGN space density at the 2.5$\sigma$ level. We compare our cluster X-ray AGN sample to a control field with identical selection and find that the cluster AGN fraction is significantly suppressed relative to the field when considering the brightest galaxies with $V<21.5$. For fainter galaxies, this difference is not present. Comparing the X-ray hardness ratios of cluster member AGN to those in the control field, we find no evidence for enhanced X-ray obscuration of cluster member AGN. Lastly, we see tentative evidence that disturbed cluster environments may contribute to enhanced AGN activity., Comment: 13 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Published: 2020
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48. Revealing the relation between black-hole growth and host-galaxy compactness among star-forming galaxies

Author: Ni, Q., Brandt, W. N., Yang, G., Leja, J., Chen, C. -T. J., Luo, B., Matharu, J., Sun, M., Vito, F., Xue, Y. Q., and Zhang, K.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: Recent studies show that a universal relation between black-hole (BH) growth and stellar mass ($M_\bigstar$) or star formation rate (SFR) is an oversimplification of BH-galaxy co-evolution, and that morphological and structural properties of host galaxies must also be considered. Particularly, a possible connection between BH growth and host-galaxy compactness was identified among star-forming (SF) galaxies. Utilizing $\approx 6300$ massive galaxies with $I_{\rm 814W}~<~24$ at $z$ $<$ 1.2 in the COSMOS field, we perform systematic partial-correlation analyses to investigate how sample-averaged BH accretion rate ($\rm \overline{BHAR}$) depends on host-galaxy compactness among SF galaxies, when controlling for morphology and $M_\bigstar$ (or SFR). The projected central surface-mass density within 1 kpc, $\Sigma_{1}$, is utilized to represent host-galaxy compactness in our study. We find that the $\rm \overline{BHAR}$-$\Sigma_{1}$ relation is stronger than either the $\rm \overline{BHAR}$-$M_\bigstar$ or $\rm \overline{BHAR}$-SFR relation among SF galaxies, and this $\rm \overline{BHAR}$-$\Sigma_{1}$ relation applies to both bulge-dominated galaxies and galaxies that are not dominated by bulges. This $\rm \overline{BHAR}$-$\Sigma_{1}$ relation among SF galaxies suggests a link between BH growth and the central gas density of host galaxies on the kpc scale, which may further imply a common origin of the gas in the vicinity of the BH and in the central $\sim$ kpc of the galaxy. This $\rm \overline{BHAR}$-$\Sigma_{1}$ relation can also be interpreted as the relation between BH growth and the central velocity dispersion of host galaxies at a given gas content, indicating the role of the host-galaxy potential well in regulating accretion onto the BH., Comment: 21 pages, 21 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Published: 2020
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49. The $L_\mathrm{x}$-$L_\mathrm{uv}$-$L_\mathrm{radio}$ relation and corona-disk-jet connection in optically selected radio-loud quasars

Author: Zhu, S. F., Brandt, W. N., Luo, B., Wu, Jianfeng, Xue, Y. Q., and Yang, G.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: Radio-loud quasars (RLQs) are more X-ray luminous than predicted by the X-ray-optical/UV relation (i.e. $L_\mathrm{x}\propto L_\mathrm{uv}^\gamma$) for radio-quiet quasars (RQQs). The excess X-ray emission depends on the radio-loudness parameter ($R$) and radio spectral slope ($\alpha_\mathrm{r}$). We construct a uniform sample of 729 optically selected RLQs with high fractions of X-ray detections and $\alpha_\mathrm{r}$ measurements.We find that steep-spectrum radio quasars (SSRQs; $\alpha_\mathrm{r}\le-0.5$) follow a quantitatively similar $L_\mathrm{x}\propto L_\mathrm{uv}^\gamma$ relation as that for RQQs, suggesting a common coronal origin for the X-ray emission of both SSRQs and RQQs. However, the corresponding intercept of SSRQs is larger than that for RQQs and increases with $R$, suggesting a connection between the radio jets and the configuration of the accretion flow. Flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs; $\alpha_\mathrm{r}>-0.5$) are generally more X-ray luminous than SSRQs at given $L_\mathrm{uv}$ and $R$, likely involving more physical processes. The emergent picture is different from that commonly assumed where the excess X-ray emission of RLQs is attributed to the jets. We thus perform model selection to comparecritically these different interpretations, which prefers the coronal scenario with a corona-jet connection. A distinct jet component is likely important for only a small portion of FSRQs.The corona-jet, disk-corona, and disk-jet connections of RLQs are likely driven by independent physical processes. Furthermore, the corona-jet connection implies that small-scale processesin the vicinity of SMBHs, probably associated with the magnetic flux/topology instead of black-hole spin, are controlling the radio-loudness of quasars., Comment: 30 pages, 17 figures, published in MNRAS
Published: 2020
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50. Impact of Initialized Land Surface Temperature and Snowpack on Subseasonal to Seasonal Prediction Project, Phase i (LS4P-I): Organization and experimental design

Author: Xue, Y, Yao, T, Boone, AA, Diallo, I, Liu, Y, Zeng, X, Lau, WKM, Sugimoto, S, Tang, Q, Pan, X, Van Oevelen, PJ, Klocke, D, Koo, MS, Sato, T, Lin, Z, Takaya, Y, Ardilouze, C, Materia, S, Saha, SK, Senan, R, Nakamura, T, Wang, H, Yang, J, Zhang, H, Zhao, M, Liang, XZ, Neelin, JD, Vitart, F, Li, X, Zhao, P, Shi, C, Guo, W, Tang, J, Yu, M, Qian, Y, Shen, SSP, Zhang, Y, Yang, K, Leung, R, Qiu, Y, Peano, D, Qi, X, Zhan, Y, Brunke, MA, Chou, SC, Ek, M, Fan, T, Guan, H, Lin, H, Liang, S, Wei, H, Xie, S, Xu, H, Li, W, Shi, X, Nobre, P, Pan, Y, Qin, Y, Dozier, J, Ferguson, CR, Balsamo, G, Bao, Q, Feng, J, Hong, J, Hong, S, Huang, H, Ji, D, Ji, Z, Kang, S, Lin, Y, Liu, W, Muncaster, R, De Rosnay, P, Takahashi, HG, Wang, G, Wang, S, Wang, W, Zhou, X, and Zhu, Y
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Abstract: Subseasonal-to-seasonal (S2S) prediction, especially the prediction of extreme hydroclimate events such as droughts and floods, is not only scientifically challenging, but also has substantial societal impacts. Motivated by preliminary studies, the Global Energy and Water Exchanges (GEWEX)/Global Atmospheric System Study (GASS) has launched a new initiative called "Impact of Initialized Land Surface Temperature and Snowpack on Subseasonal to Seasonal Prediction"(LS4P) as the first international grass-roots effort to introduce spring land surface temperature (LST)/subsurface temperature (SUBT) anomalies over high mountain areas as a crucial factor that can lead to significant improvement in precipitation prediction through the remote effects of land-atmosphere interactions. LS4P focuses on process understanding and predictability, and hence it is different from, and complements, other international projects that focus on the operational S2S prediction. More than 40 groups worldwide have participated in this effort, including 21 Earth system models, 9 regional climate models, and 7 data groups. This paper provides an overview of the history and objectives of LS4P, provides the first-phase experimental protocol (LS4P-I) which focuses on the remote effect of the Tibetan Plateau, discusses the LST/SUBT initialization, and presents the preliminary results. Multi-model ensemble experiments and analyses of observational data have revealed that the hydroclimatic effect of the spring LST on the Tibetan Plateau is not limited to the Yangtze River basin but may have a significant large-scale impact on summer precipitation beyond East Asia and its S2S prediction. Preliminary studies and analysis have also shown that LS4P models are unable to preserve the initialized LST anomalies in producing the observed anomalies largely for two main reasons: (i) inadequacies in the land models arising from total soil depths which are too shallow and the use of simplified parameterizations, which both tend to limit the soil memory; (ii) reanalysis data, which are used for initial conditions, have large discrepancies from the observed mean state and anomalies of LST over the Tibetan Plateau. Innovative approaches have been developed to largely overcome these problems.
Published: 2021

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