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Myocardial fibrosis predisposes the development of main adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in various cardiac disorders. Native T1 derived from cardiac magnetic resonance allows the quantitative assessment of myocardial fibrosis without the use of contrast media. However, the prognostic value of native T1 in risk stratification remains uncertain. We searched MEDLINE

OBJECTIVE To investigate the multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) features of fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cell carcinoma (FH-deficient RCC) with germline or somatic mutations, and compare them with those of papillary type II RCC (pRCC type II). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 24 patients (mean ± standard deviation, 40.4 ± 14.7 years) with pathologically confirmed FH-deficient RCC (15 with germline and 9 with somatic mutations) and 54 patients (58.6 ± 12.6 years) with pRCC type II were enrolled. The MDCT features were retrospectively reviewed and compared between the two entities and mutation subgroups, and were correlated with the clinicopathological findings. RESULTS All the lesions were unilateral and single. Compared with pRCC type II, FH-deficient RCC was more prevalent among younger patients (40.4 ± 14.7 vs. 58.6 ± 12.6, p < 0.001) and tended to be larger (8.1 ± 4.1 vs. 5.4 ± 3.2, p = 0.002). Cystic solid patterns were more common in FH-deficient RCC (20/24 vs. 16/54, p < 0.001), with 16 of the 20 (80.0%) cystic solid tumors having showed typical polycystic and thin smooth walls and/or septa, with an eccentric solid component. Lymph node (16/24 vs. 16/54, p = 0.003) and distant (11/24 vs. 3/54, p < 0.001) metastases were more frequent in FH-deficient RCC. FH-deficient RCC and pRCC type II showed similar attenuation in the unenhanced phase. The attenuation in the corticomedullary phase (CMP) (76.3% ± 25.0% vs. 60.2 ± 23.6, p = 0.008) and nephrographic phase (NP) (87.7 ± 20.5, vs. 71.2 ± 23.9, p = 0.004), absolute enhancement in CMP (39.0 ± 24.8 vs. 27.1 ± 22.7, p = 0.001) and NP (50.5 ± 20.5 vs. 38.2 ± 21.9, p = 0.001), and relative enhancement ratio to the renal cortex in CMP (0.35 ± 0.26 vs. 0.24 ± 0.19, p = 0.001) and NP (0.43 ± 0.24 vs. 0.29 ± 0.19, p < 0.001) were significantly higher in FH-deficient RCC. No significant difference was found between the FH germline and somatic mutation subgroups in any of the parameters. CONCLUSION The MDCT features of FH-deficient RCC were different from those of pRCC type II, whereas there was no statistical difference between the germline and somatic mutation subgroups. A kidney mass with a cystic solid pattern and metastatic tendency, especially in young patients, should be considered for FH-deficient RCC.

Left ventricular (LV) myocardial strain impairment has been demonstrated in hypertension despite normal LV ejection fraction (LVEF); however, limited data exist on any difference in results between genders. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of gender on LV deformation in patients with essential hypertension. This was a cross-sectional study, in which 94 patients (47 men and 47 women) with essential hypertension and 62 age- and gender-matched controls (31 men and 31 women) were enrolled. A 3.0 T/two-dimensional balanced steady-state free precession cine, late gadolinium enhancement was used. The LV endocardial and epicardial contours were drawn by radiologists, then LV volumes, mass, function, and myocardial strain, including peak global radial (GRS), circumferential (GCS), and longitudinal strain (GLS) were automatically calculated. Chi-square test, Student's t-test, general linear model analysis, univariate linear regression analysis, stepwise multivariate linear regression analysis, and intraclass correlation coefficient analysis were performed. Women had significantly higher magnitudes of LV GRS, GCS, and GLS than men in both patients and controls (all p < 0.05). In the overall patients, LV GLS was significantly reduced compared with controls (p < 0.05), while GRS and GCS were preserved (p = 0.092 and 0.27, respectively). Compared with their counterpart controls, LV GRS, GCS, and GLS (all p < 0.05) were significantly reduced in hypertensive men, while only GLS (p < 0.05) was reduced in hypertensive women. Male gender and its interaction with hypertension were associated with higher LV mass and volume, decreased LV GRS, GCS, and GLS compared with hypertensive women. Multivariate analyses revealed that gender and LVEF were independently associated with GRS, GCS, and GLS (all p < 0.001) in hypertension. LV deformation is significantly reduced in hypertension, and gender may influence the response of LV deformation to hypertension, with men suffering more pronounced subclinical myocardial dysfunction. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3 TECHNICAL EFFICACY STAGE: 3.

Background: In type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) patients, blood may flowed back into the left atrium (LA), aggravated the impairment in LA compliance, and then affect the left ventricle (LV) function conversely. This study sought to depict how FMR affects LA compliance and LV function and to investigate the atrioventricular coupling in T2DM with FMR patients.Materials and Methods: A total of 148 patients with T2DM and 49 age- and sex-matched normal control volunteers underwent cardiac magnetic resonance examination. LA function and longitudinal strain indices were compared. Comparison of indices among controls and different T2DM patients. Multivariate analysis was used to identify the independent indicators of LA strain. Results: T2DM without FMR had lower total LA empty fraction (LAEF) in spite of similar LV volume and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) compared with controls (all P < 0.05). T2DM with mild and moderate FMR showed increased LA volume (LAV) and LV volume while decreased LAEF, LA strain, and LVEF (P < 0.05). T2DM with severe FMR showed markedly increased LAV, LV volume while decreased LAEF, LA strain, and LVEF (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that εs was independently correlated with LVEDV (β = -0.334) and regurgitation degree (β = -0.256;). εe was independently correlated with regurgitation degree (β = -0.297). εa was independently correlated with LVESV (β = -0.352) and HbA1c (β = -0.279). Conclusion: FMR may aggravate LA and LV dysfunction in T2DM patients. In T2DM with FMR, regurgitation degree was an independent determinant of εs and εe, LVEDV was an independent determinant of εs, and LVESV was independent determinants of εa.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most lethal cancer and leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. A key driver of CRC development is colon inflammatory responses especially in patients with inflammatory bowl disease (IBD). It has been proved that Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-tumor effects. The chemopreventive and immunomodulatory functions of PNS on colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) have not been evaluated.This present study was designed to study the potential protective effects of PNS on AOM/DSS-induced CAC mice to explore the possible mechanism of PNS against CAC. Our study showed that PNS significantly alleviated colitis severity and prevented the occurrence of CAC. Functional assays revealed that PNS relieved immunosuppression of Treg cells in the CAC microenvironment by inhibiting the expression of IDO1 mediated directly by signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) rather than phosphorylated STAT1. Ultimately, Rh1, one of the PNS metabolites, exhibited the best inhibitory effect on IDO1 enzyme activity. Our study showed that PNS exerted significant chemopreventive function and immunomodulatory properties on CAC. It could reduce macrophages accumulation and Treg cells differentiation to reshape the immune microenvironment of CAC. These findings provided a promising approach for CAC intervention.

The Kelvin–Helmholtz instability on the ionopause of Venus with different density ratios and magnetic Reynolds numbers has been simulated numerically by using the magnetohydrodynamics equations. For the special case of a Venus-like planet, the plasma density increases from the magnetosheath to the ionosphere. The numerical simulation shows that the density increasing toward the planet has more important effects than the magnetic Reynolds number on the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability. And during the evolution of the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability, there are three different phases, the linear growth phase, followed by a nonlinear phase with vortex-like structure, and finally, the turbulent phase. During the nonlinear evolution of the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability, the spatial scale of the vortex has a width of about $\sim 12a$ , where $a$ is the half width of the shear layer located at the Venusian ionopause. For each phase, the vorticity of the system also has different characteristics. Supersonic flow could appear at the position where the vorticity is stronger in both nonlinear and turbulent phases.

Clinically, when applying multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations in renal diseases, assessment of renal structure and function has to account for age- and sex-related effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of age and sex on multiparametric MRI assessment of renal structure and function in healthy human beings. Studies on 33 healthy volunteers were performed using multiparametric MRI on a 3.0-Tesla MR scanner, including T1-weighted imaging, blood oxygen level-dependent MRI (BOLD MRI), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Our results revealed that the mean renal cortical thickness (RCT), ratio of cortex to parenchyma (CPR), and cortical R2* values were higher in males than in females. The cortical R2* value was higher in older group than in younger group (18.57 ± 0.99 vs 17.53 ± 0.58, p = 0.001); there was no significant difference in medullary R2* between the older and younger groups (38.18 ± 2.96 vs 36.45 ± 2.47, p = 0.077). The parenchymal thickness (PT) and medullary fractional anisotropy (FA) were lower in older group than in younger group (1.547 ± 0.06 vs 1.604 ± 0.05, p = 0.005 and 0.343 ± 0.03 vs 0.371 ± 0.03, p = 0.016, respectively). Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that PT and medullary FA were inversely related with age (r = −0.483, p = 0.004; r = −0.446, p = 0.009) while cortical R2* values was positively related (r = 0.511, p = 0.002, respectively). The medullary apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value had a significant association with PT (r = 0.359, p = 0.04). This study indicated that multiparametric renal MRI parameters are age and sex dependent.

Four mononuclear lanthanide complexes containing 4′-phenyl-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine (ptpy), [Ln(NO3)3(ptpy)(H2O)] (Ln = Eu (1), Gd (2), Tb (3), Dy (4)), were solvothermally synthesized and characterized via elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and powder X-ray diffraction. Hirshfeld surfaces and the solid-state luminescence properties of the complexes were investigated. The 3-D Hirshfeld surface and 2-D fingerprint plots show that the main interactions are the O⋯H/H⋯O intermolecular interactions in 1–4. Solid-state luminescence investigation reveals that GdIII complex 2 displays a ligand-centered emission and the EuIII, TbIII and DyIII complexes 1, 3 and 4 show the characteristic lanthanide-centered luminescence upon UV excitations. The EuIII and TbIII complexes exhibit red (CIE: 0.6549, 0.3447) and green (CIE: 0.3760, 0.5412) luminescence in the solid state with quantum yields of 16.8% and 0.8% and lifetimes of 0.545 and 0.043 ms, respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were conducted to unravel the HOMO–LUMO energy gaps of the structures of ptpy and complexes 1 and 3.

Four mononuclear lanthanide complexes containing 4′-phenyl-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine (ptpy), [Ln(NO(3))(3)(ptpy) (H(2)O)] (Ln = Eu (1), Gd (2), Tb (3), Dy (4)), were solvothermally synthesized and characterized via elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and powder X-ray diffraction. Hirshfeld surfaces and the solid-state luminescence properties of the complexes were investigated. The 3-D Hirshfeld surface and 2-D fingerprint plots show that the main interactions are the O H/H O intermolecular interactions in 1–4. Solid-state luminescence investigation reveals that Gd(III) complex 2 displays a ligand-centered emission and the Eu(III), Tb(III) and Dy(III) complexes 1, 3 and 4 show the characteristic lanthanide-centered luminescence upon UV excitations. The Eu(III) and Tb(III) complexes exhibit red (CIE: 0.6549, 0.3447) and green (CIE: 0.3760, 0.5412) luminescence in the solid state with quantum yields of 16.8% and 0.8% and lifetimes of 0.545 and 0.043 ms, respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were conducted to unravel the HOMO–LUMO energy gaps of the structures of ptpy and complexes 1 and 3.

With the large-scale development of electric vehicles, in order to reduce the potential safety hazards in the charging process of electric vehicles, this paper analyzes the charging safety characteristics of electric batteries, charge and discharge equipment, and power supply equipment of electric vehicles, studies the fault correlation between multi-level equipment, and establishes an integrated fault priority comprehensive evaluation model based on comprehensive fuzzy analytic hierarchy process. The data on the interconnected data platform can be used to obtain a quantitative evaluation result of the actual demonstration effect, and the actual effect of the integrated security early warning system. It can effectively improve the charging safety of electric vehicles and promote the healthy development of electric vehicles.

With the development of Integrated Energy System (IES) and renewable energy, the scenarios of energy measurement are more and more complex. Simulations based on single communication mode or single device cannot meet the needs of power grid. In order to build a systematic and large-scale energy measurement simulation system, it's important to study energy measurement feature extraction. To address this issue, an energy measurement feature extraction strategy based on association rule mining is proposed in this paper: Using support and confidence to evaluate the relevance between features, so as to find the suspected association in energy measurement features, and then eliminate redundant feature by nonlinear fitting and multiple correlation coefficient. The case results verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method.

Six dinuclear lanthanide(III) nitrato complexes [Ln(NO(3))(3)(H(2)O)](2)(μ-tppz) (where tppz = 2,3,5,6-tetra(2-pyridyl) pyrazine and Ln(III) = Nd (1), Sm (2), Eu (3), Gd (4), Tb (5), and Dy (6)) with bis-tridentate N-heterocyclic 2,3,5,6-tetra(2-pyridyl)pyrazine as bridging ligand have been solvothermally synthesized and characterized via elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and powder X-ray diffraction. The 3-D Hirshfeld surface and 2-D fingerprint plots show that the main interactions in 1–6 are the O⋯H/H⋯O intermolecular interactions with relative contributions of about 62%. Although the poor lanthanide(III)-centered luminescence properties clearly point to the efficiency of nonradiative quenching processes (presence of water molecules in the coordination sphere of the lanthanide(III) ions), the ligand tppz is better suited to sensitize the lanthanide(III)’s emissions of Eu(III) and Nd(III) than Sm(III), Tb(III), and Dy(III). Finally, the magnetic data of Dy(III) comple×6 reveals antiferromagnetic coupling between Dy(III) ions.

Background Cumulative evidence has shown that the non-invasive modality of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) has evolved as an alternative to invasive coronary angiography, which can be used to quantify plaque burden and stenosis and identify vulnerable plaque, assisting in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. With the increasing elderly population, many patients scheduled for non-cardiovascular surgery may have concomitant coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of preoperative CCTA to rule out or detect significant CAD in this cohort of patients and the impact of CCTA results to clinical decision-making. Methods 841 older patients (age 69.5 ± 5.8 years, 74.6% males) with high risk non-cardiovascular surgery including 771 patients with unknown CAD and 70 patients with suspected CAD who underwent preoperative CCTA were retrospectively enrolled. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine predictors of significant CAD and the event of cancelling scheduled surgery in patients with significant CAD. Results 677 (80.5%) patients had non-significant CAD and 164 (19.5%) patients had significant CAD. Single-, 2-, and 3- vessel disease was found in 103 (12.2%), 45 (5.4%) and 16 (1.9%) patients, respectively. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that positive ECG analysis and Agatston score were independently associated with significant CAD, and the optimal cutoff of Agatston score was 195.9. The event of cancelling scheduled surgery was increased consistently according to the severity of stenosis and number of obstructive major coronary artery. Multivariate analysis showed that the degree of stenosis was the only independent predictor for cancelling scheduled surgery. In addition, medication using at perioperative period increased consistently according to the severity of stenosis. Conclusions In older patients referred for high risk non-cardiovascular surgery, preoperative CCTA was useful to rule out or detect significant CAD and subsequently influence patient disposal. However, it might be unnecessary for patients with negative ECG and low Agatston score. Trial registration Retrospectively registered.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increases the risks of heart failure and mortality in patients with hypertension, however the underlying mechanism is unclear. This study aims to investigate the impact of coexisting T2DM on left ventricular (LV) deformation and myocardial perfusion in hypertensive individuals.Materials and Methods: Seventy hypertensive patients without T2DM [HTN(T2DM-)], forty patients with T2DM [HTN(T2DM+)] and 37 age- and sex-matched controls underwent cardiac magnetic resonance examination. Left ventricular (LV) myocardial strains, including global radial (GRPS), circumferential (GCPS) and longitudinal peak strain (GLPS), and resting myocardial perfusion indices, including upslope, time to maximum signal intensity (TTM), and max signal intensity (MaxSI), were measured and compared among groups by analysis of covariance after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and heart rate followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test. Backwards stepwise multivariable linear regression analyses were performed to determine the effects of T2DM on LV strains and myocardial perfusion indices in patients with hypertension.Results: Both GRPS and GLPS deteriorated significantly from controls, through HTN(T2DM-), to HTN(T2DM+) group; GCPS in HTN(T2DM+) group was lower than those in both HTN(T2DM-) and control groups. Compared with controls, HTN(T2DM-) group showed higher myocardial perfusion, and HTN(T2DM+) group exhibited lower perfusion than HTN(T2DM-) group and controls. Multiple regression analyses considering covariates of systolic blood pressure, age, sex, BMI, heart rate, smoking, indexed LV mass and eGFR demonstrated that T2DM was independently associated with LV strains (GRPS: p=0.002, model R2=0.383; GCPS: pR2=0.472; and GLPS: p=0.002, model R2=0.424, respectively) and perfusion indices (upslope: pR2=0.293; TTM: pR2=0.299; and MaxSI: pR2=0.268, respectively) in hypertension. When both T2DM and perfusion indices were included in the regression analyses, both T2DM and TTM were independently associated with GRPS (p=0.044 and 0.017, model R2=0.390) and GCPS (p=0.002 and 0.001, model R2=0.424), and TTM but not perfusion indices was independently associated with GLPS (p=0.002, model R2=0.424). Conclusion: In patients with hypertension, T2DM had an additive deleterious effect on subclinical LV systolic dysfunction and myocardial perfusion, and impaired myocardial perfusion by coexisting T2DM was associated with deteriorated LV systolic dysfunction.

Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increases the risks of heart failure and mortality in patients with hypertension, however the underlying mechanism is unclear. This study aims to investigate the impact of coexisting T2DM on left ventricular (LV) deformation and myocardial perfusion in hypertensive individuals. Materials and methods Seventy hypertensive patients without T2DM [HTN(T2DM−)], forty patients with T2DM [HTN(T2DM+)] and 37 age- and sex-matched controls underwent cardiac magnetic resonance examination. Left ventricular (LV) myocardial strains, including global radial (GRPS), circumferential (GCPS) and longitudinal peak strain (GLPS), and resting myocardial perfusion indices, including upslope, time to maximum signal intensity (TTM), and max signal intensity (MaxSI), were measured and compared among groups by analysis of covariance after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and heart rate followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test. Backwards stepwise multivariable linear regression analyses were performed to determine the effects of T2DM on LV strains and myocardial perfusion indices in patients with hypertension. Results Both GRPS and GLPS deteriorated significantly from controls, through HTN(T2DM−), to HTN(T2DM+) group; GCPS in HTN(T2DM+) group was lower than those in both HTN(T2DM−) and control groups. Compared with controls, HTN(T2DM−) group showed higher myocardial perfusion, and HTN(T2DM+) group exhibited lower perfusion than HTN(T2DM−) group and controls. Multiple regression analyses considering covariates of systolic blood pressure, age, sex, BMI, heart rate, smoking, indexed LV mass and eGFR demonstrated that T2DM was independently associated with LV strains (GRPS: p = 0.002, model R2= 0.383; GCPS: p R2= 0.472; and GLPS: p = 0.002, model R2= 0.424, respectively) and perfusion indices (upslope: p R2= 0.293; TTM: p R2= 0.299; and MaxSI: p R2= 0.268, respectively) in hypertension. When both T2DM and perfusion indices were included in the regression analyses, both T2DM and TTM were independently associated with GRPS (p = 0.044 and 0.017, model R2= 0.390) and GCPS (p = 0.002 and 0.001, model R2= 0.424), and T2DM but not perfusion indices was independently associated with GLPS (p = 0.002, model R2= 0.424). Conclusion In patients with hypertension, T2DM had an additive deleterious effect on subclinical LV systolic dysfunction and myocardial perfusion, and impaired myocardial perfusion by coexisting T2DM was associated with deteriorated LV systolic dysfunction.

Along with the increasing power of computer, the molecules which can be studied within quantum mechanics principle in the field of reaction dynamics become more complicated. The shortcoming of the discrete variable representation method, i.e., the full matrix and huge inter-computer communication in MPI calculations, becomes more significant. The spectral difference method is an excellent compromise. In this work, a spectral difference approach for angular coordinate, which leads to banded kinetic matrix similar to the spectral difference method for the radial degrees of freedom, is proposed. Using the Chebyshev real wave packet approach, we demonstrate that for all three degrees of freedom for a triatomic reactive scattering process, spectral difference is able to boost much computational efficiency. The numerical advantage of our proposed method was illustrated with the reactions of H + H2, O + O2, N + O2.

Through quantitative analysis, the power grid, environment and user behavior are analyzed, and the influencing factors of resource operation on demand side are found, and the high related parameters of resource operation on demand side are formulated based on this. Based on the principle of relative gain matrix, the interaction model including grid, environment and user behavior on demand side resources is established to realize the optimal utilization of demand side resources.

The exact short time propagator, in a form similar to the Crank-Nicholson method but in the spirit of spectrally transformed Hamiltonian, was proposed to solve the triatomic reactive time-dependent schrodinger equation. This new propagator is exact and unconditionally convergent for calculating reactive scattering processes with large time step sizes. In order to improve the computational efficiency, the spectral difference method was applied. This resulted the Hamiltonian with elements confined in a narrow diagonal band. In contrast to our previous theoretical work, the discrete variable representation was applied and resulted in full Hamiltonian matrix. As examples, the collision energy-dependent probability of the triatomic H+H2 and O+O2 reaction are calculated. The numerical results demonstrate that this new propagator is numerically accurate and capable of propagating the wave packet with large time steps. However, the efficiency and accuracy of this new propagator strongly depend on the mathematical method for solving the involved linear equations and the choice of preconditioner.

As the further development of virtual reality technology, mixed reality (MR) promotes the innovation of human-computer interaction. It can integrate virtual information (objects, pictures, videos, etc.) into the real environment, and directly interact with people. It can greatly improve the efficiency of information reception, reduce the cost of understanding and learning, and improve the fluency and accuracy of operational tasks. In the kitchen scene, when the novices cook according to the recipe, they usually do not perform well in memory and learning, which causes many problems in the cooking process. Therefore, we propose an interactive intelligent cooking system design, which focuses on the five kinds of information that novices need most help in the cooking process, and subverts the traditional recipe with MR presentation. The experiment also shows that the intelligent cooking system can make up for the guidance to novice which is easy to be ignored by traditional recipes, and can effectively improve the user experience of novices.

We propose an experimental adsorption device, imitating the environment of a coal-mine goaf and the composition of the flue gas in Tashan Mine Power Plant. The characteristics of the coal adsorbing flue gas were studied with the atmospheric volumetric method. The factors affecting the seal of CO2 were analyzed and the effect of power plant flue gas on fire prevention in the goaf was investigated at normal temperature and pressure. It can be inferred from the experiment that N2, SO2, and H2O can also reduce CO2 adsorption capacity. The increase or decrease in pH can increase the adsorption capacity of CO2, which is apparently larger when the pH is decreasing than when the pH is increasing. The O2 adsorption capacity can evidently be reduced when the power plant flue gas is injected into the goaf. The activation energy of coal burned in air is greater than that of coal burned in flue gas, indicating that the use of power plant flue gas, with N2 and CO2 as the main components, to replace the traditional inert gas can not only save N2 generation cost, but also reduce the emission of greenhouse gases, while the power plant flue gas can be adsorbed by coal.

The objective of our study was to prospectively evaluate renal diffusion as shown by diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and its relationship with the residual renal function (RRF) in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients.Forty CAPD patients and 40 healthy volunteers were recruited, and all underwent conventional and fat-saturated echo-planar DWI with three b values (0, 300, 600 s/mm(2)). The renal parenchymal thickness and apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) were measured, and both were compared between the two groups. The relationships between ADC values and clinical indexes--which included RRF, serum creatinine value, cystatin C value, and urine output--were analyzed.Compared with the renal parenchymal thickness and ADC values in control subjects, these values in CAPD patients were significantly decreased (p0.0001). In CAPD patients, the ADC values were positively correlated with RRF (r = 0.447, p = 0.004). A mild linear correlation was also found between the ADC values and cystatin C value (r = -0.352, p = 0.026).The renal diffusion function as shown by DWI is impaired in CAPD patients and correlates with RRF.

Rationale: Angiosarcoma is an extremely rare malignant tumor of endothelial origin. The majority of studies reporting angiosarcoma have been concerned with the clinical and pathological aspects, with limited reporting of their imaging findings. To our knowledge, angiosarcoma of the adrenal gland is very rare. Herein we firstly report a primary adrenal angiosarcoma depicted on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Patient concerns: A 59-year-old man was referred to our hospital for 1 year left-flank pain that exacerbated in recent 4 months. Diagnosis: A regular mass with clear boundary was revealed on MRI in the region of left adrenal gland. Its signal intensity was inhomogeneous. It mainly showed isointensity with patchy slight hyperintensity on T1-weighted images and marked hyperintensity with patchy hypointensity on T2-weighted images. On contrast-enhanced images, it demonstrated significantly heterogeneous enhancement, and the peripheral solid component showed delayed enhancement. Bulky blood vessels and hemorrhage were identified in the tumor. Interventions: The mass was surgically excised under a left laparoscopic adrenalectomy. Outcomes: Left adrenal angiosarcoma was confirmed by pathological and immunohistochemical examinations. No evidence of recurrence was found 6 months after operation. Lessons: In conclusion, primary adrenal angiosarcoma has some MRI features corresponding to its pathological nature. It should be included in the differential diagnosis when a mass was detected in the adrenal gland.

Half-wavelength AC transmission (HWACT) is an ultra-long distance AC transmission technology, whose electrical distance is close to half-wavelength at the system power frequency. Due to the excellent transmission capacity, stability control device must be installed in HWACT system. But the characteristics of the voltage and current of half -wavelength transmission line under fault condition are different from the characteristics of the ordinary short line. Its distributed-parameter characteristics are notable. So it is necessary to study the adaptability of the fault trip criterion for traditional lines to the HWACT lines. Simulation of the transmission line under fault condition was conducted in this paper based on the Bergeron model and adaptive analysis of fault trip criterion in stability control device for half-wavelength line was given. The results show that the fault trip criterion for traditional lines can’t be well applied to half-wavelength line. New fault trip criterion needs to be proposed to keep the safe operation of half-wavelength transmission line.

Solving forward displacement is the difficulty of the 6-SPS parallel kinematics calculations, to make sure solving forward displacement easily, in this paper, added a initial multi-DOF drive to the 6-SPS parallel mechanism's moving platform in the ADAMS environment to make kinematical simulation, to get simulation of inverse kinematics solution and strike a theoretical inverse kinematics solution in the MATLAB environment, and prove the correctness of simulation of inverse solution. The inverse simulation position be used as input parameters to drive this parallel mechanism, by the solving forward displacement, results showed that the forward displacement is consist with the initial-DOF-driven values, indicating it is correct. It proves the use of these methods can be simply and easily calculate the required 6-SPS parallel mechanism positive solution, which can provide the reference of such institutions' solving forward position and control.

As an oral delivery carrier for poorly water soluble drugs, the nanosuspension was prepared by melt emulsification method combined with high-pressure homogenization. The objective of this study was to clarify the absorption mechanism in rats of fenofibrate nanosuspension using the model of in situ gut perfusion. The release rate of drug from nanosuspension was fast which about 70% of the drug would be released within 5 minutes. The absorption of fenofibrate nanosuspension in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract was studied by the in situ closed loop method in rats. It was found that the absorption process in intestine was first-process with passive diffusion mechanism, and the whole intestine was the major segment for the drug absorption. Additionally, GI absorption in situ studies indicated that the fenofibrate nanosuspension had great success in regard to enhancement of intestinal absorption compared to the fenofibrate suspension of coarse powder. The pharmacokinetic characteristics were studied in rats after oral administration of fenofibrate nanosuspension or suspension at the dosage of 27 mg/kg. The plasma concentration-time curve was fitted to the one-compartment model. The correlation between in vitro dissolution (P), in situ intestinal absorption (F) and in vivo absorption (Fa) in rats was investigated with the results as follows: Fa = 6.2061P-456.38(r = 0.9559), F = 3.6911P-2.2169(r = 0.970), F = 0.5095P + 44.189(r = 0.9609). The highest level A could be obtained from the in vitro--in vivo correlation (IVIVC) between dissolution percentage and intestinal absorption of the fenofibrate nanosuspension in rats. Consequently, the in situ intestinal perfusion model could be used to predict the in vivo pharmacokinetic characteristics in rats.