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1. Oxygen therapy alternatives in COVID-19: From classical to nanomedicine

Author: Luis F.T. Pereira, Camila A. Dallagnol, Tassiana H. Moulepes, Clara Y. Hirota, Pedro Kutsmi, Lucas V. dos Santos, Cleverton L. Pirich, and Guilherme F. Picheth
Subjects: COVID-19, Microbubbles, Nanobubbles, Nanotechnology, Oxygen therapy, Hypoxia, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract: Around 10–15% of COVID-19 patients affected by the Delta and the Omicron variants exhibit acute respiratory insufficiency and require intensive care unit admission to receive advanced respiratory support. However, the current ventilation methods display several limitations, including lung injury, dysphagia, respiratory muscle atrophy, and hemorrhage. Furthermore, most of the ventilatory techniques currently offered require highly trained professionals and oxygen cylinders, which may attain short supply owing to the high demand and misuse. Therefore, the search for new alternatives for oxygen therapeutics has become extremely important for maintaining gas exchange in patients affected by COVID-19. This review highlights and suggest new alternatives based on micro and nanostructures capable of supplying oxygen and/or enabling hematosis during moderate or acute COVID-19 cases.
Published: 2023
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2. Ovarian reserve may influence the outcome of bone mineral density in patients with long-term use of dienogest

Author: N Yamamoto, O Wada-Hiraike, M Hirano, T Hirata, M Harada, Y Hirota, K Koga, T Fujii, and Y Osuga
Subjects: Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Objective: Long-term administration of dienogest, which is known to have effect on bone mineral density, is frequently done in patients with endometriosis and adenomyosis, but a few studies focused on the bone mineral density changes after finishing the long-term therapy. This study aimed to reveal the factors that adversely affect lumbar bone mineral density. Method: Fifty-seven premenopausal women who visited our hospital were diagnosed as either endometriosis or adenomyosis, and they were treated by dienogest for more than 115 weeks (26.5 months). Based on a previous report, bone mineral density changes less than 2% was categorized as the osteopenic group ( n = 30), and the others were assigned to the unchanged group ( n = 27). Bone mineral density was measured at the lumbar spine using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. A representative ovarian reserve marker, endogenous estradiol levels, and follicle-stimulating hormone levels were measured over time and were compared between the osteopenic and unchanged groups. Result: Duration of dienogest intake was 59.5 months (osteopenic group) versus 57.5 months (unchanged group). These patients experienced ovarian surgeries in a similar frequency, but the ovarian reserve in osteopenic group was impaired as suggested by the decline of endogenous estradiol level during intake of dienogest compared to that of unchanged group ( p = 0.0146). Endogenous follicle-stimulating hormone level between osteopenic group and unchanged group did not reach statistically significant difference, although the osteopenic group showed relatively higher level. Conclusion: This study might suggest that decreased ovarian reserve as judged by endogenous estradiol level is a factor that negatively affect bone mineral density, and measurement of endogenous estradiol level during intake of dienogest could have a predictive meaning of future decreased bone mineral density level.
Published: 2021
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3. Overview of the Medium and High Frequency Telescopes of the LiteBIRD Satellite Mission

Author: L. Montier, B. Mot, P. de Bernardis, B. Maffei, G. Pisano, F. Columbro, J. E. Gudmundsson, S. Henrot-Versillé, L. Lamagna, J. Montgomery, T. Prouvé, M. Russell, G. Savini, S. Stever, K. L. Thompson, M. Tsujimoto, C. Tucker, B. Westbrook, P. A.R. Ade, A. Adler, E. Allys, K. Arnold, D. Auguste, J. Aumont, R. Aurlien, J. Austermann, C. Baccigalupi, A. J. Banda, R. Banerji, R. B. Barreiro, S. Basak, J. Beall, D. Beck, S. Beckman, J. Bermejo, M. Bersanelli, J. Bonis, J. Borrill, F. Boulanger, S. Bounissou, M. Brilenkov, M. Brown, M. Bucher, E. Calabrese, P. Campeti, A. Carones, F. J. Casas, A. Challinor, V. Chan, K. Cheung, Y. Chinone, J. F. Cliché, L. Colombo, J. Cubas, A. Cukierman, D. Curtis, G. D’Alessandro, N. Dachlythra, M. De Petris, C. Dickinson, P. Diego-Palazuelos, M. Dobbs, T. Dotani, L. Duband, S. Duff, J. M. Duval, K. Ebisawa, T. Elleflot, H. K. Eriksen, J. Errard, T. Essinger-Hileman, F. Finelli, R. Flauger, C. Franceschet, U. Fuskeland, M. Galloway, K. Ganga, J. R. Gao, R. Genova-Santos, M. Gerbino, M. Gervasi, T. Ghigna, E. Gjerløw, M. L. Gradziel, J. Grain, F. Grupp, A. Gruppuso, T. de Haan, N. W. Halverson, P. Hargrave, T. Hasebe, M. Hasegawa, M. Hattori, M. Hazumi, D. Herman, D. Herranz, C. A. Hill, G. Hilton, Y. Hirota, E. Hivon, R. A. Hlozek, Y. Hoshino, E. de la Hoz, J. Hubmayr, K. Ichiki, T. Iida, H. Imada, K. Ishimura, H. Ishino, G. Jaehnig, T. Kaga, S. Kashima, N. Katayama, A. Kato, T. Kawasaki, R. Keskitalo, T. Kisner, Y. Kobayashi, N. Kogiso, A. Kogut, K. Kohri, E. Komatsu, K. Komatsu, K. Konishi, N. Krachmalnicoff, I. Kreykenbohm, C. L. Kuo, A. Kushino, J. V. Lanen, M. Lattanzi, A.T. Lee, C. Leloup, F. Levrier, E. Linder, T. Louis, G. Luzzi, T. Maciaszek, D. Maino, M. Maki, S. Mandelli, E. Martinez-Gonzalez, S. Masi, T. Matsumura, A. Mennella, M. Migliaccio, Y. Minami, K. Mitsuda, G. Morgante, Y. Murata, J. A. Murphy, M. Nagai, Y. Nagano, T. Nagasaki, R. Nagata, S. Nakamura, T. Namikawa, P. Natoli, S. Nerval, T. Nishibori, H. Nishino, C. O’Sullivan, H. Ogawa, S. Oguri, H. Ohsaki, I. S. Ohta, N. Okada, L. Pagano, A. Paiella, D. Paoletti, G. Patanchon, J. Peloton, F. Piacentini, G. Polenta, D. Poletti, G. Puglisi, D. Rambaud, C. Raum, S. Realini, M. Reinecke, M. Remazeilles, A. Ritacco, G. Roudil, J. A. Rubino-Martin, H. Sakurai, Y. Sakurai, M. Sandri, M. Sasaki, D. Scott, J. Seibert, Y. Sekimoto, B. Sherwin, K. Shinozaki, M. Shiraishi, P. J. Shirron, G. Signorelli, G. Smecher, R. Stompor, H. Sugai, S. Sugiyama, A. Suzuki, J. Suzuki, T. L. Svalheim, E. Switzer, R. Takaku, H. Takakura, S. Takakura, Y. Takase, Y. Takeda, A. Tartari, E. Taylor, Y. Terao, H. Thommesen, B. Thorne, T. Toda, M. Tomasi, M. Tominaga, N. Trappe, M. Tristram, M. Tsuji, J. Ullom, G. Vermeulen, P. Vielva, F. Villa, M. Vissers, N. Vittorio, I. Wehus, J. Weller, J. Wilms, B. Winter, E. J. Wollack, N. Y. Yamasaki, T. Yoshida, J. Yumoto, M. Zannoni, and A. Zonca
Subjects: Instrumentation And Photography, Astrophysics
Abstract: LiteBIRD is a JAXA-led Strategic Large-Class mission designed to search for the existence of the primordial gravitational waves produced during the inflationary phase of the Universe, through the measurements of their imprint onto the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). These measurements, requiring unprecedented sensitivity, will be performed over the full sky, at large angular scales, and over 15 frequency bands from 34 GHz to 448 GHz. The LiteBIRD instruments consist of three telescopes, namely the Low-, Medium- and High-Frequency Telescope (respectively LFT, MFT and HFT). We present in this paper an overview of the design of the Medium-Frequency Telescope (89–224 GHz) and the High-Frequency Telescope (166–448 GHz), the so-called MHFT, under European responsibility, which are two cryogenic refractive telescopes cooled down to 5 K. They include a continuous rotating half-wave plate as the first optical element, two high-density polyethylene (HDPE) lenses and more than three thousand transition-edge sensor (TES) detectors cooled to 100 mK. We provide an overview of the concept design and the remaining specific challenges that we have to face in order to achieve the scientific goals of LiteBIRD.
Published: 2020
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4. Design and demonstration of Knudsen heat pump without moving parts free from electricity

Author: Hiroki Yamaguchi, Ko Kugimoto, Tomohide Niimi, Takafumi Yamauchi, and Y. Hirota
Subjects: Thermal efficiency, Materials science, business.industry, 020209 energy, Mechanical Engineering, Heat pump and refrigeration cycle, 02 engineering and technology, Building and Construction, Mechanics, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, law.invention, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, General Energy, 020401 chemical engineering, law, Heat recovery ventilation, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Knudsen number, 0204 chemical engineering, business, Condenser (heat transfer), Evaporator, Thermal energy, Heat pump
Abstract: A heat pump with low power consumption and a simple mechanical configuration is required to save energy and reduce carbon dioxide emissions. We show the design and demonstration of a novel heat pump using a Knudsen compressor, referring this device as a Knudsen heat pump. Water is employed as a refrigerant. The motionless nature of the Knudsen heat pump is accomplished by using a Knudsen compressor to transport the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator to the condenser, and thermal energy alone supplies the needed power. We employ a simple single-stage Knudsen compressor powered by light from a halogen lamp as an energy source. Experiments confirmed heat transport from the evaporator to the condenser with an output power of 3.09 W. The output power tended to increase linearly as the temperature difference between the evaporator and condenser decreased. The pressure-enthalpy diagram of the proposed Knudsen heat pump cycle was shown, and the thermal efficiency of this heat pump was analyzed. The application of a multi-stage Knudsen compressor to improve the heat pump performance was also discussed. This heat pump is free from noise, vibration, and maintenance, and it can utilize low-quality energy, such as a solar energy, and it does not require any electrical input. These properties make the Knudsen heat pump a particularly significant technology in harsh environments such as space and desert.
Published: 2019
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5. Multilayer protection-at-lightpath for reliable slicing with isolation in optical metro-aggregation networks

Author: A. Marotta, D. Cassioli, M. Tornatore, Y. Hirota, Y. Awaji, and B. Mukherjee
Subjects: Nonhomogeneous media, Optical packet switching, Substrates, Computer Networks and Communications, Optical fiber networks, Reliability, Optical fiber networks, Nonhomogeneous media, Optical packet switching, Network slicing, IP networks, Substrates, Reliability, IP networks, Network slicing
Abstract: The high reliability required by many future-generation network services can be enforced by proper resource assignments by means of logical partitions, i.e., network slices, applied in optical metro-aggregation networks. Different strategies can be applied to deploy the virtual network functions (VNFs) composing the slices over physical nodes, while providing different levels of resource isolation (among slices) and protection against failures, based on several available techniques. Considering that, in optical metro-aggregation networks, protection can be ensured at different layers, and the slice protection with traffic grooming calls for evolved multilayer protection approaches. In this paper, we investigate the problem of reliable slicing with protection at the lightpath layer for different levels of slice isolation and different VNF deployment strategies. We model the problem through an integer linear program (ILP), and we devise a heuristic for joint optimization of VNF placement and ligthpath selection. The heuristic maps nodes and links over the physical network in a coordinated manner and provides an effective placement of radio access network functions and the routing and wavelength assignment for the optical layer. The effectiveness of the proposed heuristic is validated by comparison with the optimal solution provided by the ILP. Our illustrative numerical results compare the impact of different levels of isolation, showing that higher levels of network and VNF isolation are characterized by higher costs in terms of optical and computation resources.
Published: 2022
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6. A novel heat pump system using a multi-stage Knudsen compressor

Author: Takafumi Yamauchi, Tomohide Niimi, Hiroki Yamaguchi, Ko Kugimoto, and Y. Hirota
Subjects: Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, Materials science, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Condensation, 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, law, Waste heat, 0103 physical sciences, Knudsen number, 0210 nano-technology, business, Condenser (heat transfer), Gas compressor, Evaporator, Thermal energy, Heat pump
Abstract: A novel heat pump system is proposed using a multi-stage Knudsen compressor in the cycle between the evaporator and condenser. The proposed Knudsen heat pump is driven by thermal energy, and it is able to utilize waste heat. There are no moving parts in a Knudsen compressor, leading to several advantages, including a lack of vibration and noise, and high durability. In this study, the configuration necessary to achieve a performance such that it can be used as a practical heat pump (output power ≥1 kW, temperature difference ≥6 K) is considered. The performance of this heat pump is predicted by a one-dimensional analytical model coupled with a simple experimental result. This method is based on our previously constructed method to predict the performance of a multi-stage Knudsen compressor, and the evaporation and condensation and the time variations of temperature in the evaporator and condenser are newly considered. A heat pump with a 30-stage Knudsen compressor using glass-fiber filters with an area of 4.00 m2 is predicted to generate an output power of 1.27 kW and a temperature difference of 6.00 K.
Published: 2018
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7. Updated design of the CMB polarization experiment satellite LiteBIRD

Author: H. Sugai, P. A. R. Ade, Y. Akiba, D. Alonso, K. Arnold, J. Aumont, J. Austermann, C. Baccigalupi, A. J. Banday, R. Banerji, R. B. Barreiro, S. Basak, J. Beall, S. Beckman, M. Bersanelli, J. Borrill, F. Boulanger, M. L. Brown, M. Bucher, A. Buzzelli, E. Calabrese, F. J. Casas, A. Challinor, V. Chan, Y. Chinone, J.-F. Cliche, F. Columbro, A. Cukierman, D. Curtis, P. Danto, P. de Bernardis, T. de Haan, M. De Petris, C. Dickinson, M. Dobbs, T. Dotani, L. Duband, A. Ducout, S. Duff, A. Duivenvoorden, J.-M. Duval, K. Ebisawa, T. Elleflot, H. Enokida, H. K. Eriksen, J. Errard, T. Essinger-Hileman, F. Finelli, R. Flauger, C. Franceschet, U. Fuskeland, K. Ganga, J.-R. Gao, R. Génova-Santos, T. Ghigna, A. Gomez, M. L. Gradziel, J. Grain, F. Grupp, A. Gruppuso, J. E. Gudmundsson, N. W. Halverson, P. Hargrave, T. Hasebe, M. Hasegawa, M. Hattori, M. Hazumi, S. Henrot-Versille, D. Herranz, C. Hill, G. Hilton, Y. Hirota, E. Hivon, R. Hlozek, D.-T. Hoang, J. Hubmayr, K. Ichiki, T. Iida, H. Imada, K. Ishimura, H. Ishino, G. C. Jaehnig, M. Jones, T. Kaga, S. Kashima, Y. Kataoka, N. Katayama, T. Kawasaki, R. Keskitalo, A. Kibayashi, T. Kikuchi, K. Kimura, T. Kisner, Y. Kobayashi, N. Kogiso, A. Kogut, K. Kohri, E. Komatsu, K. Komatsu, K. Konishi, N. Krachmalnicoff, C. L. Kuo, N. Kurinsky, A. Kushino, M. Kuwata-Gonokami, L. Lamagna, M. Lattanzi, A. T. Lee, E. Linder, B. Maffei, D. Maino, M. Maki, A. Mangilli, E. Martínez-González, S. Masi, R. Mathon, T. Matsumura, A. Mennella, M. Migliaccio, Y. Minami, K. Mistuda, D. Molinari, L. Montier, G. Morgante, B. Mot, Y. Murata, J. A. Murphy, M. Nagai, R. Nagata, S. Nakamura, T. Namikawa, P. Natoli, S. Nerval, T. Nishibori, H. Nishino, Y. Nomura, F. Noviello, C. O’Sullivan, H. Ochi, H. Ogawa, H. Ohsaki, I. Ohta, N. Okada, L. Pagano, A. Paiella, D. Paoletti, G. Patanchon, F. Piacentini, G. Pisano, G. Polenta, D. Poletti, T. Prouvé, G. Puglisi, D. Rambaud, C. Raum, S. Realini, M. Remazeilles, G. Roudil, J. A. Rubiño-Martín, M. Russell, H. Sakurai, Y. Sakurai, M. Sandri, G. Savini, D. Scott, Y. Sekimoto, B. D. Sherwin, K. Shinozaki, M. Shiraishi, P. Shirron, G. Signorelli, G. Smecher, P. Spizzi, S. L. Stever, R. Stompor, S. Sugiyama, A. Suzuki, J. Suzuki, E. Switzer, R. Takaku, H. Takakura, S. Takakura, Y. Takeda, A. Taylor, E. Taylor, Y. Terao, K. L. Thompson, B. Thorne, M. Tomasi, H. Tomida, N. Trappe, M. Tristram, M. Tsuji, M. Tsujimoto, C. Tucker, J. Ullom, S. Uozumi, S. Utsunomiya, J. Van Lanen, G. Vermeulen, P. Vielva, F. Villa, M. Vissers, N. Vittorio, F. Voisin, I. Walker, N. Watanabe, I. Wehus, J. Weller, B. Westbrook, B. Winter, E. Wollack, R. Yamamoto, N. Y. Yamasaki, M. Yanagisawa, T. Yoshida, J. Yumoto, M. Zannoni, A. Zonca, Sugai, H, Ade, P, Akiba, Y, Alonso, D, Arnold, K, Aumont, J, Austermann, J, Baccigalupi, C, Banday, A, Banerji, R, Barreiro, R, Basak, S, Beall, J, Beckman, S, Bersanelli, M, Borrill, J, Boulanger, F, Brown, M, Bucher, M, Buzzelli, A, Calabrese, E, Casas, F, Challinor, A, Chan, V, Chinone, Y, Cliche, J, Columbro, F, Cukierman, A, Curtis, D, Danto, P, de Bernardis, P, de Haan, T, De Petris, M, Dickinson, C, Dobbs, M, Dotani, T, Duband, L, Ducout, A, Duff, S, Duivenvoorden, A, Duval, J, Ebisawa, K, Elleflot, T, Enokida, H, Eriksen, H, Errard, J, Essinger-Hileman, T, Finelli, F, Flauger, R, Franceschet, C, Fuskeland, U, Ganga, K, Gao, J, Génova-Santos, R, Ghigna, T, Gomez, A, Gradziel, M, Grain, J, Grupp, F, Gruppuso, A, Gudmundsson, J, Halverson, N, Hargrave, P, Hasebe, T, Hasegawa, M, Hattori, M, Hazumi, M, Henrot-Versille, S, Herranz, D, Hill, C, Hilton, G, Hirota, Y, Hivon, E, Hlozek, R, Hoang, D, Hubmayr, J, Ichiki, K, Iida, T, Imada, H, Ishimura, K, Ishino, H, Jaehnig, G, Jones, M, Kaga, T, Kashima, S, Kataoka, Y, Katayama, N, Kawasaki, T, Keskitalo, R, Kibayashi, A, Kikuchi, T, Kimura, K, Kisner, T, Kobayashi, Y, Kogiso, N, Kogut, A, Kohri, K, Komatsu, E, Komatsu, K, Konishi, K, Krachmalnicoff, N, Kuo, C, Kurinsky, N, Kushino, A, Kuwata-Gonokami, M, Lamagna, L, Lattanzi, M, Lee, A, Linder, E, Maffei, B, Maino, D, Maki, M, Mangilli, A, Martínez-González, E, Masi, S, Mathon, R, Matsumura, T, Mennella, A, Migliaccio, M, Minami, Y, Mistuda, K, Molinari, D, Montier, L, Morgante, G, Mot, B, Murata, Y, Murphy, J, Nagai, M, Nagata, R, Nakamura, S, Namikawa, T, Natoli, P, Nerval, S, Nishibori, T, Nishino, H, Nomura, Y, Noviello, F, O’Sullivan, C, Ochi, H, Ogawa, H, Ohsaki, H, Ohta, I, Okada, N, Pagano, L, Paiella, A, Paoletti, D, Patanchon, G, Piacentini, F, Pisano, G, Polenta, G, Poletti, D, Prouvé, T, Puglisi, G, Rambaud, D, Raum, C, Realini, S, Remazeilles, M, Roudil, G, Rubiño-Martín, J, Russell, M, Sakurai, H, Sakurai, Y, Sandri, M, Savini, G, Scott, D, Sekimoto, Y, Sherwin, B, Shinozaki, K, Shiraishi, M, Shirron, P, Signorelli, G, Smecher, G, Spizzi, P, Stever, S, Stompor, R, Sugiyama, S, Suzuki, A, Suzuki, J, Switzer, E, Takaku, R, Takakura, H, Takakura, S, Takeda, Y, Taylor, A, Taylor, E, Terao, Y, Thompson, K, Thorne, B, Tomasi, M, Tomida, H, Trappe, N, Tristram, M, Tsuji, M, Tsujimoto, M, Tucker, C, Ullom, J, Uozumi, S, Utsunomiya, S, Van Lanen, J, Vermeulen, G, Vielva, P, Villa, F, Vissers, M, Vittorio, N, Voisin, F, Walker, I, Watanabe, N, Wehus, I, Weller, J, Westbrook, B, Winter, B, Wollack, E, Yamamoto, R, Yamasaki, N, Yanagisawa, M, Yoshida, T, Yumoto, J, Zannoni, M, Zonca, A, World Premier International Research Center (Japan), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Commissariat à l'Ènergie Atomique et aux Ènergies Alternatives (France), European Space Agency, Canadian Space Agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Néel (NEEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Sugai, H. [0000-0001-6501-3871], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Subjects: Passive cooling, Cosmic Microwave Background, Cosmology, Polarimetry, Instrumentation, Inflation, Cosmic microwave background, cosmic background radiation: polarization, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Polarization, General Materials Science, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, Physics, Settore FIS/01, Settore FIS/05, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, suppression, Condensed Matter Physics, Polarization (waves), Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Infation, adiabatic, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, signature, Astrophysics and Astronomy, media_common.quotation_subject, Lagrangian point, Inflation, Primordial gravitational wave, Satellite, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Noise (electronics), Article, NO, FIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICA, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, noise: thermal, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, PE9_14, beam: width, gravitational radiation: primordial, Astronomy, 13. Climate action, Sky, spectral, galaxy, astro-ph.IM
Abstract: H. Sugai, et al., Recent developments of transition-edge sensors (TESs), based on extensive experience in ground-based experiments, have been making the sensor techniques mature enough for their application on future satellite cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization experiments. LiteBIRD is in the most advanced phase among such future satellites, targeting its launch in Japanese Fiscal Year 2027 (2027FY) with JAXA’s H3 rocket. It will accommodate more than 4000 TESs in focal planes of reflective low-frequency and refractive medium-and-high-frequency telescopes in order to detect a signature imprinted on the CMB by the primordial gravitational waves predicted in cosmic inflation. The total wide frequency coverage between 34 and 448 GHz enables us to extract such weak spiral polarization patterns through the precise subtraction of our Galaxy’s foreground emission by using spectral differences among CMB and foreground signals. Telescopes are cooled down to 5 K for suppressing thermal noise and contain polarization modulators with transmissive half-wave plates at individual apertures for separating sky polarization signals from artificial polarization and for mitigating from instrumental 1/f noise. Passive cooling by using V-grooves supports active cooling with mechanical coolers as well as adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators. Sky observations from the second Sun–Earth Lagrangian point, L2, are planned for 3 years. An international collaboration between Japan, the USA, Canada, and Europe is sharing various roles. In May 2019, the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, JAXA, selected LiteBIRD as the strategic large mission No. 2., This work was supported by World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI), MEXT, Japan, by JSPS Core-to-Core Program, A. Advanced Research Networks, and by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP15H05891, JP17H01115, and JP17H01125. The Italian contribution to the LiteBIRD phase A is supported by the Italian Space Agency (ASI Grant No. 2016-24- H.1-2018) and the National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN). The French contribution to the LiteBIRD phase A is supported by the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiale (CNES), by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifque (CNRS), and by the Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA). A Concurrent Design Facility study focused on the MHFT and Sub-Kelvin coolers has been led by the European Space Agency (ESA). The Canadian contribution to LiteBIRD is supported by the Canadian Space Agency. The US contribution is supported by NASA Grant no. 80NSSC18K0132
Published: 2020
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8. Concept design of low frequency telescope for CMB B-mode polarization satellite LiteBIRD

Author: Mario G. Lattanzi, Carlo Baccigalupi, François Levrier, J. M. Duval, J. Austermann, M. Brilenkov, B. Thorne, Eiichiro Komatsu, D. Rambaud, T. Nagasaki, Peter Shirron, H. Imada, Nozomu Kogiso, Jeff Van Lanen, H. Takakura, T. Kawasaki, Lionel Duband, Ingunn Kathrine Wehus, Y. Hoshino, Tadayasu Dotani, Enrique Martinez-Gonzalez, Tucker Elleflot, S. Beckman, T. Kaga, Shogo Nakamura, A. Kato, Giorgio Savini, S. Bounissou, S. Mandelli, Peter Charles Hargrave, Francois Boulanger, Julien Grain, S. Realini, Reijo Keskitalo, Bruno Maffei, Y. Nagano, Davide Maino, D. Herman, Michael R. Vissers, B. Mot, R. Banerji, N. Katayama, James A. Beall, Johannes Hubmayr, Tomotake Matsumura, Shugo Oguri, G. Patanchon, S. Basak, S. Takakura, Créidhe O'Sullivan, Massimo Gervasi, Y. Takase, S. Stever, A. Carones, Raphael Flauger, F. J. Casas, T. de Haan, Yasuhiro Murata, T. Prouvé, Douglas Scott, P. Vielva, Toshiya Namikawa, Mayu Tominaga, Yuki Sakurai, Luca Lamagna, Eric Hivon, S. Nerval, Ken Ebisawa, Noriko Y. Yamasaki, Julian Borrill, Shingo Kashima, Hajime Sugai, M. De Petris, R. Nagata, Ted Kisner, D. W. Curtis, A. Mennella, P. de Bernardis, Alexandre E. Adler, Misao Sasaki, Jiansong Gao, Kam Arnold, K. Ganga, T. Ghigna, Kazunori Kohri, Ben Westbrook, R. Aurlien, T. Toda, Yasuhiro Takeda, U. Fuskeland, Alessandro Gruppuso, Giuseppe Puglisi, A. Ritacco, I. Kreykenbohm, C. Leloup, M. A. Dobbs, Jochen Weller, Joel N. Ullom, Chao-Lin Kuo, M. Migliaccio, Charles A. Hill, E. Allys, Nicola Vittorio, T. Yoshida, R. Takaku, Thomas Essinger-Hileman, Alessandro Paiella, J. Aumont, Berend Winter, Junji Yumoto, Yutaka Terao, Aritoki Suzuki, T. Hasebe, Toshiyuki Nishibori, A. Cukierman, P. Campeti, Y. Hirota, Alan J. Kogut, Josquin Errard, S. Sugiyama, L. P. L. Colombo, Anthony Challinor, Yohei Kobayashi, A. Kushino, Gemma Luzzi, Makoto Nagai, M. Sandri, Christopher Raum, Giuseppe D'Alessandro, Masashi Hazumi, Masaya Hasegawa, Renée Hlozek, Silvia Masi, Joseph Seibert, F. Piacentini, J. A. Murphy, Greg Jaehnig, Jose Alberto Rubino-Martin, Davide Poletti, Michael L. Brown, Blake D. Sherwin, Daniela Paoletti, Joshua Montgomery, F. Columbro, Gianluca Morgante, J. Bermejo, M. Tomasi, Haruki Nishino, P. Diego-Palazuelos, Hirokazu Ishino, T. Iida, Kazuhisa Mitsuda, Haruyuki Sakurai, Keith L. Thompson, Javier Cubas, Neil Trappe, Keisuke Shinozaki, Adrian T. Lee, Hiroyuki Ohsaki, Martina Gerbino, D. Herranz, M. Tsuji, Marco Bersanelli, Nadia Dachlythra, M. Russell, E. Gjerløw, Maresuke Shiraishi, E. de la Hoz, Eric V. Linder, Graeme Smecher, Eric R. Switzer, Erminia Calabrese, G. Roudil, Mario Zannoni, T. Maciaszek, L. Pagano, D. Auguste, Frank Grupp, Kosei Ishimura, Fabrizio Villa, Kuniaki Konishi, I. S. Ohta, G. Signorelli, J. Bonis, A. Tartari, Jun-ichi Suzuki, R. B. Barreiro, J. F. Cliche, M. Maki, Douglas H Beck, Ricardo Genova-Santos, A. J. Banday, M. Galloway, T. L. Svalheim, Fabio Finelli, L. A. Montier, H. K. Eriksen, Nicoletta Krachmalnicoff, Karen C. Cheung, Cristian Franceschet, Matthieu Tristram, V. Chan, G. Polenta, Clive Dickinson, N. W. Halverson, Kiyotomo Ichiki, Yuji Chinone, Mathieu Remazeilles, Giampaolo Pisano, Jon E. Gudmundsson, J. Peloton, M. Reinecke, Shannon M. Duff, Carole Tucker, Y. Minanmi, Gene C. Hilton, Martin Bucher, P. A. R. Ade, G. Vermeulen, K. Komatsu, Norio Okada, Thibaut Louis, Sophie Henrot-Versille, Edward J. Wollack, Paolo Natoli, Hideo Ogawa, Jörn Wilms, E. Taylor, Andrea Zonca, Makoto Hattori, Radek Stompor, Masahiro Tsujimoto, Yutaro Sekimoto, Marcin Gradziel, H. Thommesen, Zmuidzinas, Jonas, Sekimoto, Y, Ade, P, Adler, A, Allys, E, Arnold, K, Auguste, D, Aumont, J, Aurlien, R, Austermann, J, Baccigalupi, C, Banday, A, Banerji, R, Barreiro, R, Basak, S, Beall, J, Beck, D, Beckman, S, Bermejo, J, de Bernardis, P, Bersanelli, M, Bonis, J, Borrill, J, Boulanger, F, Bounissou, S, Brilenkov, M, Brown, M, Bucher, M, Calabrese, E, Campeti, P, Carones, A, Casas, F, Challinor, A, Chan, V, Cheung, K, Chinone, Y, Cliche, J, Colombo, L, Columbro, F, Cubas, J, Cukierman, A, Curtis, D, D'Alessandro, G, Dachlythra, N, De Petris, M, Dickinson, C, Diego-Palazuelos, P, Dobbs, M, Dotani, T, Duband, L, Duff, S, Duval, J, Ebisawa, K, Elleflot, T, Eriksen, H, Errard, J, Essinger-Hileman, T, Finelli, F, Flauger, R, Franceschet, C, Fuskeland, U, Galloway, M, Ganga, K, Gao, J, Genova-Santos, R, Gerbino, M, Gervasi, M, Ghigna, T, Gjerløw, E, Gradziel, M, Grain, J, Grupp, F, Gruppuso, A, Gudmundsson, J, de Haan, T, Halverson, N, Hargrave, P, Hasebe, T, Hasegawa, M, Hattori, M, Hazumi, M, Henrot-Versillé, S, Herman, D, Herranz, D, Hill, C, Hilton, G, Hirota, Y, Hivon, E, Hlozek, R, Hoshino, Y, de la Hoz, E, Hubmayr, J, Ichiki, K, Iida, T, Imada, H, Ishimura, K, Ishino, H, Jaehnig, G, Kaga, T, Kashima, S, Katayama, N, Kato, A, Kawasaki, T, Keskitalo, R, Kisner, T, Kobayashi, Y, Kogiso, N, Kogut, A, Kohri, K, Komatsu, E, Komatsu, K, Konishi, K, Krachmalnicoff, N, Kreykenbohm, I, Kuo, C, Kushino, A, Lamagna, L, Lanen, J, Lattanzi, M, Lee, A, Leloup, C, Levrier, F, Linder, E, Louis, T, Luzzi, G, Maciaszek, T, Maffei, B, Maino, D, Maki, M, Mandelli, S, Martinez-Gonzalez, E, Masi, S, Matsumura, T, Mennella, A, Migliaccio, M, Minanmi, Y, Mitsuda, K, Montgomery, J, Montier, L, Morgante, G, Mot, B, Murata, Y, Murphy, J, Nagai, M, Nagano, Y, Nagasaki, T, Nagata, R, Nakamura, S, Namikawa, T, Natoli, P, Nerval, S, Nishibori, T, Nishino, H, O'Sullivan, C, Ogawa, H, Oguri, S, Osaki, H, Ohta, I, Okada, N, Pagano, L, Paiella, A, Paoletti, D, Patanchon, G, Peloton, J, Piacentini, F, Pisano, G, Polenta, G, Poletti, D, Prouvé, T, Puglisi, G, Tambaud, D, Raum, C, Realini, S, Reinecke, M, Remazeilles, M, Ritacco, A, Roudil, G, Rubino-Martin, J, Russell, M, Sakurai, H, Sakurai, Y, Sandri, M, Sasaki, M, Savini, G, Scott, D, Seibert, J, Sherwin, B, Shinozaki, K, Shiraishi, M, Shirron, P, Signorelli, G, Smecher, G, Stever, S, Stompor, R, Sugai, H, Sugiyama, S, Suzuki, A, Suzuki, J, Svalheim, T, Switzer, E, Takaku, R, Takakura, H, Takakura, S, Takase, Y, Takeda, Y, Tartari, A, Taylor, E, Terao, Y, Thommesen, H, Thompson, K, Thorne, B, Toda, T, Tomasi, M, Tominaga, M, Trappe, N, Tristram, M, Tsuji, M, Tsujimoto, M, Tucker, C, Ullom, J, Vermeulen, G, Vielva, P, Villa, F, Vissers, M, Vittorio, N, Wehus, I, Weller, J, Westbrook, B, Wilms, J, Winter, B, Wollack, E, Yamasaki, N, Yoshida, T, Yumoto, J, Zannoni, M, Zonca, A, Astrophysique, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS (UMR_8023)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de l'ENS (LPTENS), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Hautes Energies (LPTHE), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris - Site de Paris (OP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institut Néel (NEEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), LiteBIRD, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département des Systèmes Basses Températures (DSBT ), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire des Cryoréfrigérateurs et Cryogénie Spatiale (LCCS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de l'ENS [École Normale Supérieure] (LPTENS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), and Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Aperture, FOS: Physical sciences, 7. Clean energy, cryogenic telescope, law.invention, Cosmic microwave background, Entrance pupil, Telescope, FIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICA, Optics, millimeter-wave polarization, space program, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, law, Angular resolution, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Physics, Stray light, business.industry, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Polarization (waves), Lens (optics), Cardinal point, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, business, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: LiteBIRD has been selected as JAXA's strategic large mission in the 2020s, to observe the cosmic microwave background (CMB) $B$-mode polarization over the full sky at large angular scales. The challenges of LiteBIRD are the wide field-of-view (FoV) and broadband capabilities of millimeter-wave polarization measurements, which are derived from the system requirements. The possible paths of stray light increase with a wider FoV and the far sidelobe knowledge of $-56$ dB is a challenging optical requirement. A crossed-Dragone configuration was chosen for the low frequency telescope (LFT : 34--161 GHz), one of LiteBIRD's onboard telescopes. It has a wide field-of-view ($18^\circ \times 9^\circ$) with an aperture of 400 mm in diameter, corresponding to an angular resolution of about 30 arcminutes around 100 GHz. The focal ratio f/3.0 and the crossing angle of the optical axes of 90$^\circ$ are chosen after an extensive study of the stray light. The primary and secondary reflectors have rectangular shapes with serrations to reduce the diffraction pattern from the edges of the mirrors. The reflectors and structure are made of aluminum to proportionally contract from warm down to the operating temperature at $5\,$K. A 1/4 scaled model of the LFT has been developed to validate the wide field-of-view design and to demonstrate the reduced far sidelobes. A polarization modulation unit (PMU), realized with a half-wave plate (HWP) is placed in front of the aperture stop, the entrance pupil of this system. A large focal plane with approximately 1000 AlMn TES detectors and frequency multiplexing SQUID amplifiers is cooled to 100 mK. The lens and sinuous antennas have broadband capability. Performance specifications of the LFT and an outline of the proposed verification plan are presented., Comment: 21 pages, 14 figures
Published: 2020
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9. Activation and Defect Reduction of Hydrogenated In–Ga–Zn–O Thin Film Transistor at Low Temperature (150 °C)

Author: M. Furuta, Y. Hirota, Y. Magari, and S.G.M. Aman
Subjects: Reduction (complexity), Materials science, Thin-film transistor, Analytical chemistry
Published: 2018
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10. PCN100 ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF FOLFIRINOX VERSUS GEMCITABINE IN THE TREATMENT OF METASTATIC PANCREATIC CANCER IN JAPAN

Author: Y. Nishiuchi, M. Ueda, Y. Hirota, and K. Moriwaki
Subjects: Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, FOLFIRINOX, Health Policy, Internal medicine, Economic evaluation, Metastatic pancreatic cancer, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, medicine, business, Gemcitabine, medicine.drug
Published: 2019
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11. Concept design of the LiteBIRD satellite for CMB B-mode polarization

Author: A. Cukierman, Makoto Hattori, Alessandro Gruppuso, Y. Kataoka, D. T. Hoang, Kam Arnold, Tucker Elleflot, Benjamin Westbrook, Eric V. Linder, Johannes Hubmayr, Toshiyuki Nishibori, Christopher Raum, T. Kikuchi, Luca Lamagna, S. Takakura, Shingo Kashima, Ryota Takaku, Ken Ganga, N. Katayama, Masahiro Tsujimoto, Yutaro Sekimoto, A. Kibayashi, Hajime Sugai, H. K. Eriksen, Noah Kurinsky, F. Columbro, Gianluca Morgante, Toshiya Namikawa, Yuki Sakurai, B. Mot, E. Martínez-González, H. Nishino, G. Jaehnig, Hiroyuki Ohsaki, Shogo Nakamura, Peter A. R. Ade, L. Montier, T. Kawasaki, Giuseppe Puglisi, Charles A. Hill, H. Takakura, Masaaki Nagai, Anna Murphy, D. W. Curtis, M. Tristram, Adrian T. Lee, J. Grain, S. Realini, H. Ochi, Peter Charles Hargrave, Theodore Kisner, Maresuke Shiraishi, F. Boulanger, Y. Kobayashi, M. Tomasi, G. Signorelli, Y. Hirota, M. Tsuji, Graeme Smecher, F. Piacentini, K. Ebisawa, S. Beckman, Carlo Baccigalupi, E. Hivon, K. Mistuda, Haruyuki Sakurai, Soumen Basak, C. L. Kuo, G. Patanchon, Ingunn Kathrine Wehus, Masashi Hazumi, J. Aumont, Berend Winter, I. S. Ohta, Reijo Keskitalo, Bruno Maffei, Ryo Yamamoto, Marco Bersanelli, Mario Zannoni, P. Natoli, Junji Yumoto, Andrea Zonca, Erminia Calabrese, A. Ducout, Blake D. Sherwin, N. Trappe, U. Fuskeland, Nicoletta Krachmalnicoff, K. L. Thompson, M. A. Dobbs, F. Noviello, Anna Mangilli, Jun-ichi Suzuki, A. Kushino, Tadayasu Dotani, S. Sugiyama, H. Kanai, T. Yoshida, Silvia Masi, G. Polenta, M. Yanagisawa, N. Watanabe, R. Nagata, J. Austermann, Keisuke Shinozaki, Yasunori Terao, Davide Poletti, Cristian Franceschet, Michael L. Brown, Anthony Challinor, M. De Petris, Masaya Hasegawa, Yuto Minami, Noriko Y. Yamasaki, L. Duband, Créidhe O'Sullivan, Yasuhiro Murata, J. R. Gao, B. Thorne, Eiichiro Komatsu, P. de Bernardis, Kazunori Kohri, Hirokazu Ishino, Kuniaki Konishi, A. J. Banday, N. W. Halverson, A. Mennella, Kiyotomo Ichiki, T. Hasebe, Giorgio Savini, Julian Borrill, Yuji Chinone, Mathieu Remazeilles, Giampaolo Pisano, D. Molinari, Radek Stompor, M. Maki, H. Tomida, N. Okada, H. Imada, S. Uozumi, Nozomu Kogiso, R. Banerji, Tomotake Matsumura, Raphael Flauger, T. Ghigna, Josquin Errard, Shin Utsunomiya, M. Bucher, K. Komatsu, Hideo Ogawa, E. Taylor, Kimihiro Kimura, Sophie Henrot-Versille, Nicola Vittorio, Aritoki Suzuki, Realini, S, Patanchon, G, Kataoka, Y, Zonca, A, Zannoni, M, Yumoto, J, Yoshida, T, Yanagisawa, M, Yamasaki, N, Yamamoto, R, Westbrook, B, Wehus, I, Watanabe, N, Vittorio, N, Utsunomiya, S, Uozumi, S, Tsujimoto, M, Tsuji, M, Tristram, M, Trappe, N, Tomida, H, Tomasi, M, Thorne, B, Thompson, K, Terao, Y, Taylor, E, Takakura, S, Takakura, H, Takaku, R, Suzuki, J, Suzuki, A, Sugiyama, S, Sugai, H, Stompor, R, Smecher, G, Signorelli, G, Shiraishi, M, Shinozaki, K, Sherwin, B, Savini, G, Sakurai, Y, Sakurai, H, Remazeilles, M, Raum, C, Puglisi, G, Poletti, D, Polenta, G, Pisano, G, Piacentini, F, Okada, N, Ohsaki, H, Ogawa, H, Ochi, H, O'Sullivan, C, Nishino, H, Nishibori, T, Natoli, P, Namikawa, T, Nakamura, S, Nagata, R, Nagai, M, Murphy, A, Murata, Y, Mot, B, Morgante, G, Montier, L, Molinari, D, Mitsuda, K, Minami, Y, Mennella, A, Matsumura, T, Masi, S, Martinez-Gonzalez, E, Maki, M, Maffei, B, Linder, E, Lee, A, Lamagna, L, Kushino, A, Kurinsky, N, Kuo, C, Krachmalnicoff, N, Konishi, K, Komatsu, K, Komatsu, E, Kohri, K, Kogiso, N, Kobayashi, Y, Kisner, T, Kimura, K, Kikuchi, T, Kibayashi, A, Keskitalo, R, Kawasaki, T, Katayama, N, Kashima, S, Kanai, H, Arnold, K, Jaehnig, G, Ishino, H, Imada, H, Ichiki, K, Hubmayr, J, Hoang, D, Hivon, E, Hirota, Y, Hill, C, Henrot-Versille, S, Hazumi, M, Hattori, M, Hasegawa, M, Hasebe, T, Hargrave, P, Halverson, N, Gruppuso, A, Grain, J, Ghigna, T, Gao, J, Ganga, K, Fuskeland, U, Franceschet, C, Flauger, R, Errand, J, Eriksen, H, Elleflot, T, Ebisawa, K, Ducout, A, Duband, L, Dotani, T, Dobbs, M, de Petris, M, de Bernardis, P, Curtis, D, Cukierman, A, Columbro, F, Chinone, Y, Challinor, A, Calabrese, E, Bucher, M, Brown, M, Boulanger, F, Borill, J, Bersanelli, M, Beckman, S, Basak, S, Banerji, R, Banday, A, Baccigalupi, C, Austermann, J, Aumont, J, Mangilli, A, Ade, P, Winter, B, Ota, I, Noviello, F, Sekimoto, Y, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Service des Basses Températures (SBT ), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and LiteBIRD
Subjects: Cosmic microwave background, Cryogenic telescope, Millimeter-wave polarization, Space program, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Condensed Matter Physics, Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Applied Mathematics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, media_common.quotation_subject, satellite, Lagrangian point, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, frequency: high, law.invention, NO, Telescope, cosmic background radiation: B-mode, FIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICA, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, law, 0103 physical sciences, Electronic, Cosmology, Cosmic Microwave Background, CMB, Polarimetry, Inflation, Instrumentation, structure, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Optical and Magnetic Materials, 010306 general physics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, Physics, polarization, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Settore FIS/05, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Polarization (waves), sensitivity, Superconducting detectors, frequency: low, angular resolution, Sky, cryogenics, Launch vehicle, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: LiteBIRD is a candidate for JAXA’s strategic large mission to observe the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization over the full sky at large angular scales. It is planned to be launched in the 2020s with an H3 launch vehicle for three years of observations at a Sun-Earth Lagrangian point (L2). The concept design has been studied by researchers from Japan, U.S., Canada and Europe during the ISAS Phase-A1. Large scale measurements of the CMB B-mode polarization are known as the best probe to detect primordial gravitational waves. The goal of LiteBIRD is to measure the tensor-to-scalar ratio (r) with precision of δr < 0.001. A 3-year full sky survey will be carried out with a low frequency (34 - 161 GHz) telescope (LFT) and a high frequency (89 - 448 GHz) telescope (HFT), which achieve a sensitivity of 2.5 µK-arcmin with an angular resolution of ∼ 30 arcminutes around 100 GHz. The concept design of LiteBIRD system, payload module (PLM), cryo-structure, LFT and verification plan is described in this paper. © 2018 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)
Published: 2018
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12. IQ is an independent predictor of glycated haemoglobin level in young and middle-aged adults with intellectual disability

Author: Hirofumi Ohnishi, S. Chihiro, J. Ichikawa, Takayuki Miki, Takahito Itoh, Y. Hirota, Toshiyuki Yano, N. Kawakami, K. Aotsuka, Tetsuji Miura, A. Yamamoto, and M. Asari
Subjects: Adult, Male, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Cross-sectional study, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Intelligence, Body Mass Index, Endocrinology, Intellectual Disability, Intellectual disability, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Psychiatry, Retrospective Studies, Glycated Hemoglobin, Intelligence Tests, Intelligence quotient, business.industry, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Cognition, Retrospective cohort study, Regression analysis, medicine.disease, Cross-Sectional Studies, Blood pressure, Social Class, Hyperglycemia, Female, business, Body mass index
Abstract: Here we examined whether intellectual disability is independently associated with hyperglycaemia.We recruited 233 consecutive young and middle-aged adults with intellectual disability. After exclusion of subjects on medication for metabolic diseases or with severe intellectual disability (IQ35), 121 subjects were divided by IQ into a group with moderate intellectual disability (35 ≤ IQ ≤ 50), a mild intellectual disability group (51 ≤ IQ ≤ 70) and a borderline group (IQ70).HbA1c level was higher in subjects with moderate intellectual disability (42 ± 9 mmol/mol; 6.0 ± 0.8%) than those in the borderline group (36 ± 4 mmol/mol; 5.5 ± 0.3%) and mild intellectual disability group (37 ± 5 mmol/mol; 5.5 ± 0.5%) groups. HbA1c level was correlated with age, BMI, blood pressure, serum triglycerides and IQ in simple linear regression analysis. Multiple regression analysis indicated that IQ, age, BMI and diastolic blood pressure were independent explanatory factors of HbA1c level.An unfavourable effect of intellectual disability on lifestyle and untoward effect of hyperglycaemia on cognitive function may underlie the association of low IQ with hyperglycaemia.
Published: 2014
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13. Evaluation of loss characteristics of superconducting magnetic bearings for LiteBIRD satellite by three-dimensional finite element method analysis

Author: Hajime Sugai, Hiroyuki Ohsaki, Yasunori Terao, Nobuhiko Katayama, Tomotake Matsumura, H. Enokida, Y. Hirota, and Yuki Sakurai
Subjects: Superconductivity, History, Materials science, business.industry, Magnetic bearing, Finite element method analysis, Satellite, Aerospace engineering, business, Computer Science Applications, Education
Abstract: The polarization modulator of LiteBIRD satellite is required to be used by continuously rotating the half-wave retarder under a low temperature environment of about 10 K. Then, it becomes an important issue to reduce heat generation due to rotation loss. Therefore, a rotation mechanism in a cryogenic environment by a superconducting magnetic bearing (SMB) using the pinning effect of the bulk superconductor has been studied. In SMB, because of the pinning effect of superconductor, it is possible to rotate the half-wave retarder with stably floating, and it is possible to avoid frictional heat due to contact. The half-wave retarder is incorporated inside the rotating part of the superconducting magnetic bearing composed of the permanent magnet ring and the iron yoke. At this time, since the permanent magnet ring divides the parallel magnetized permanent magnets into pieces, a gap is formed at the joint of the permanent magnets. For this reason, the magnetic field distribution generated by the permanent magnet ring is not uniform. Although SMB can reduce friction as compared to mechanical bearings, the magnetic properties of the bulk superconductor change due to the magnetic field fluctuation caused by such ununiformity of the magnetic field, resulting in energy loss. In this study, heat generation in bulk superconductor in SMB is evaluated by three-dimensional finite element method. First, using JMAG Designer 17.0, the magnetic field distribution created by the rotor side is obtained by static magnetic field analysis. Next, using the COMSOL Multiphysics 5.3a, by applying the magnetic field distribution created by the rotor side obtained above and rotate the magnetic field, the loss generated in the bulk superconductor is investigated. The resulting loss value satisfied the required value.
Published: 2019
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14. PCN110 PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF THE COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF NECITUMUMAB AS FIRST LINE THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH STAGE IV SQUAMOUS NON SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER IN JAPAN

Author: Y. Nishiuchi, M. Ueda, K. Moriwaki, and Y. Hirota
Subjects: Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Cost effectiveness, business.industry, Health Policy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Preliminary analysis, First line therapy, Internal medicine, medicine, Squamous non-small cell lung cancer, In patient, Stage iv, business, Necitumumab
Published: 2019
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15. PCN99 MODEL-BASED COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF TRABECTEDIN IN THE TREATMENT OF METASTATIC SOFT TISSUE SARCOMA IN JAPAN

Author: K. Moriwaki, Y. Nishiuchi, Y. Hirota, and M. Ueda
Subjects: Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Health Policy, Soft tissue sarcoma, Internal medicine, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, medicine, Cost-effectiveness analysis, business, medicine.disease, Trabectedin, medicine.drug
Published: 2019
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16. Current and emerging applications of ferrofluids

Author: T. Black, Y. Hirota, and K. Raj
Subjects: Ferrofluid, Materials science, General Physics and Astronomy, Nanotechnology, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Current (fluid)
Published: 2013
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17. Novel GeOx Interface Layer Engineering by Ultra Low Power Microwave Plasma Oxidation

Author: G. Nakamura, E. Hara, T. Morimoto, K. Tapily, J. Miyahara, A. Tanihara, Y. Fujino, N. Yamamoto, Y. Hirota, K. Hasebe, T. Harada, K. Shiraga, K. Akiyama, and T. Kaitsuka
Subjects: Interface layer, Ultra low power, Materials science, business.industry, Optoelectronics, business, Ion source
Published: 2016
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18. Clinical Nephrology - Epidemiology II

Author: H. Agnes, P. Kalman, A. Jozsef, B. Henrik, I. Mucsi, K. Kamata, T. Sano, S. Naito, T. Okamoto, C. Okina, M. Kamata, J. Murano, K. Kobayashi, M. Uchida, T. Aoyama, Y. Takeuchi, Y. Nagaba, H. Sakamoto, C. Torino, V. Panuccio, A. Clementi, M. Garozzo, G. Bonanno, R. Boito, G. Natale, T. Cicchetti, A. Chippari, D. Logozzo, G. Alati, S. Cassani, A. Sellaro, G. D'arrigo, G. Tripepi, A. Roberta, M. Postorino, F. Mallamaci, C. Zoccali, E. Buonanno, S. Brancaccio, V. Fimiani, P. Napolitano, R. Spadola, L. Morrone, B. DI Iorio, D. Russo, A. Betriu, M. Martinez-Alonso, T. Vidal, J. Valdivielso, E. Fernandez, F. Bernadette, B. Jean-Baptiste, L. Frimat, N. D. Madala, G. P. Thusi, N. Sibisi, B. G. Mazibuko, A. G. H. Assounga, N.-C. Tsai, H.-H. Wang, Y.-C. Chen, C.-C. Hung, S.-J. Hwang, H.-C. Chen, P. Branco, T. Adragao, R. Birne, A. R. Martins, R. Vizinho, A. Gaspar, M. J. Grilo, J. D. Barata, D. Bonhorst, P. Adragao, J. S. Kim, J. W. Yang, M. K. Kim, S. O. Choi, B. G. Han, N. Nathalie, E. Sunny, G. Glorieux, B. Daniela, B. Fellype, L. Sophie, L. Horst D, M. Ziad, V. Raymond, M. Yanai, K. Okada, K. Takeuchi, K. Nitta, S. Takahashi, M. Morena, I. Jaussent, A. Halkovich, A.-M. Dupuy, A.-S. Bargnoux, L. Chenine, H. Leray-Moragues, K. Klouche, H. Vernhet, B. Canaud, J.-P. Cristol, A. Shutov, V. Serov, J. Kuznetsova, M. Menzorov, D. Serova, L. Petrescu, A. Zugravu, C. Capusa, S. Stancu, S. Cinca, C. Anghel, D. Timofte, L. Medrihan, D. Ionescu, G. Mircescu, T.-W. Hsu, K.-L. Kuo, S.-C. Hung, D.-C. Tarng, S. Lee, I. Kim, D. Lee, H. Rhee, S. Song, E. Seong, I. Kwak, M. Holzmann, C. Gardell, A. Jeppsson, U. Sartipy, Y. Solak, M. I. Yilmaz, K. Caglar, M. Saglam, H. Yaman, A. Sonmez, H. U. Unal, M. Gok, A. Gaipov, M. Kayrak, T. Eyileten, S. Turk, A. Vural, L. DI Lullo, F. Floccari, R. Rivera, A. Granata, A. D'amelio, F. Logias, G. Otranto, M. Malaguti, A. Santoboni, F. Fiorini, T. Connor, D. Oygar, D. Nitsch, D. Gale, R. Steenkamp, G. H. Neild, P. Maxwell, I. Louise Hogsbro, B. Redal-Baigorri, B. Sautenet, J. M. Halimi, A. Caille, P. Goupille, B. Giraudeau, Y. Oguz, M. Yenicesu, H. Cetinkaya, Y. Ishimoto, T. Ohki, M. Sugahara, T. Kanemitsu, M. Kobayashi, L. Uchida, N. Kotera, S. Tanaka, T. Sugimoto, N. Mise, N. Miyazaki, J. Matsumoto, I. Murata, G. Yoshida, K. Morishita, H. Ushikoshi, K. Nishigaki, S. Ogura, S. Minatoguchi, R. Harvey, A. Ala, D. Banerjee, C. Farmer, J. Irving, H. Hobbs, T. Wheeler, B. Klebe, P. Stevens, G. Selim, O. Stojceva-Taneva, L. Tozija, N. Stojcev, S. Gelev, P. Dzekova-Vidimliski, S. Pavleska, A. Sikole, A. R. Qureshi, M. Evans, M. Stendahl, K. G. Prutz, C. G. Elinder, K. Tamagaki, H. Kado, M. Nakata, T. Kitani, N. Ota, R. Ishida, E. Matsuoka, Y. Shiotsu, M. Ishida, Y. Mori, M. Christelle, N. Rognant, D. Evelyne, F. Sophie, J. Laurent, L. Maurice, R. Silverwood, M. Pierce, D. Kuh, C. Savage, C. Ferro, D. G. Moniek, M. De Goeij, H. Nynke, O. Gurbey, R. Joris, D. Friedo, P. Clayton, B. Grace, A. Cass, S. Mcdonald, V. Lorenzo, M. Martin Conde, A. Dusso, J. M. Valdivielso, D. P. Roggeri, G. Cannella, M. Cozzolino, S. Mazzaferro, P. Messa, D. Brancaccio, R. De Souza Faria, N. Fernandes, J. Lovisi, M. Moura Marta, M. Reboredo, B. Do Vale Pinheiro, M. Bastos, F. Hundt, S. Pabst, C. Hammerstingl, T. Gerhardt, D. Skowasch, R. Woitas, A. A. Lopes, L. F. Silva, C. M. Matos, M. S. Martins, F. A. Silva, G. B. Lopes, F. Pizzarelli, P. Dattolo, S. Michelassi, C. Rossi, S. Bandinelli, M. Mieth, R. Mass, L. Ferrucci, S. Parisi, S. Arduino, R. Attini, F. Fassio, M. Biolcati, A. Pagano, C. Bossotti, M. Ferraresi, P. Gaglioti, T. Todros, G. B. Piccoli, T. M. Salgado, B. Arguello, S. I. Benrimoj, F. Fernandez-Llimos, P. Bailey, C. Tomson, Y. Ben-Shlomo, A. Santoro, P. Rucci, M. Mandreoli, F. Caruso, M. Corradini, M. Flachi, D. Gibertoni, A. Rigotti, G. Russo, M. Fantini, H. S. Mahapatra, S. Choudhury, G. Buxi, N. Sharma, Y. Gupta, V. Sekhar, N. Yanagisawa, M. Ando, A. Ajisawa, K. Tsuchiya, O. Janusz, M. Mikolaj, M. Jacek, R. Boleslaw, S. Prakash, R. Coffin, J. Schold, D. Einstadter, S. Stark, D. Rodgers, M. Howard, A. Sehgal, S. Palmer, A. Tong, B. Manns, J. Craig, M. Ruospo, L. Gargano, G. Strippoli, M. Vecchio, M. Petruzzi, M. De Benedictis, F. Pellegrini, Y. Ohno, E. Ishimura, T. Naganuma, K. Kondo, W. Fukushima, K. Mui, M. Inaba, Y. Hirota, X. Sun, S. Jiang, H. Gu, Y. Chen, C. XI, X. Qiao, X. Chen, E. Daher, G. S. Junior, C. N. Jacinto, R. S. Pimentel, G. B. R. Aguiar, C. B. Lima, R. C. Borges, L. P. C. Mota, J. V. L. Melo, S. A. Melo, V. T. Canamary, M. Alves, S. M. H. A. Araujo, Y. K. Huang, K. Rogacev, B. Cremers, A. Zawada, S. Seiler, N. Binder, P. Ege, G. Grosse-Dunker, I. Heisel, F. Hornof, J. Jeken, N. Rebling, C. Ulrich, B. Scheller, M. Bohm, D. Fliser, G. H. Heine, B. Robinson, M. Wang, B. Bieber, R. Fluck, P. G. Kerr, B. Wikstrom, M. Krishnan, A. Nissenson, R. L. Pisoni, S. Mykleset, T. B. Osthus, B. Waldum, I. Os, J. Buttigieg, A. Cassar, J. Farrugia Agius, M. Hara, M. Yamato, K. Yasuda, and K. Sasaki
Subjects: Transplantation, medicine.medical_specialty, Acute coronary syndrome, business.industry, Red blood cell distribution width, medicine.disease, Sudden death, Uremia, Nephrology, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, Heart failure, medicine, Cardiology, Endothelial dysfunction, business, Kidney disease
Published: 2012
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19. The numbers of Foxp3 positive cells in simultaneous bilateral ER-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer

Author: S. Tazawa, Katsumasa Kuroi, S. Horiguchi, Seigo Nakamura, M. Takimoto, Toshinari Yamashita, Risa Goto, T. Aruga, and Y. Hirota
Subjects: Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Breast cancer, business.industry, Internal medicine, medicine, HER2 negative, FOXP3, medicine.disease, business
Published: 2017
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20. Evaluation of different selective media for enumeration of probiotic micro-organisms in combination with yogurt starter cultures in fermented milk

Author: Adnan Y. Tamime, Maricê Nogueira de Oliveira, Claudia Y. Hirota, and Daniela Marques Saccaro
Subjects: food.ingredient, food and beverages, Plant Science, Microbiology, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, Probiotic, fluids and secretions, Infectious Diseases, Lactobacillus acidophilus, food, Starter, chemistry, law, M17 agar, Enumeration, bacteria, Agar, Sorbitol, Fermentation, Food science
Abstract: The aim of this study is to assess selective plating methodologies for the enumeration and identification of Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium animalis ssp.lactis in fermented milks. Seven agar media (MRS with added sorbitol, clindamycin or vancomycin, acidified MRS, RCA with added aniline blue and dicloxacilin, M17 and ST) were evaluated. The results showed that RCA dicloxacilin agar is suitable for the selective enumeration of B. animalis ssp. lactis in fermented milk. Either MRS (acidified) or M17 agar could be used for enumeration of L. delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus,respectively. MRS media containing antibiotics were effective for the enumeration of the probiotic organisms (L. rhamnosus and L. acidophilus) inoculated in fermented milks. Key words: Selective media, probiotic, starter cultures, fermented milk.
Published: 2011
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21. GST polymorphisms, interaction with smoking and pesticide use, and risk for Parkinson’s disease in a Japanese population

Author: C, Kiyohara, Y, Miyake, M, Koyanagi, T, Fujimoto, S, Shirasawa, K, Tanaka, W, Fukushima, S, Sasaki, Y, Tsuboi, T, Yamada, T, Oeda, T, Miki, N, Kawamura, N, Sakae, H, Fukuyama, Y, Hirota, M, Nagai, and Keiji, Ando
Subjects: Male, Candidate gene, Linkage disequilibrium, Parkinson's disease, Genotype, Disease, GSTP1, Japan, Population Groups, Risk Factors, Odds Ratio, medicine, Humans, Pesticides, Aged, Glutathione Transferase, Retrospective Studies, Genetics, Polymorphism, Genetic, biology, Smoking, Case-control study, Parkinson Disease, Environmental Exposure, Middle Aged, Pesticide, medicine.disease, Glutathione S-transferase, Neurology, Immunology, biology.protein, Female, Neurology (clinical), Geriatrics and Gerontology, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract: Patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) appear to have reduced capacity for detoxification of certain environmental compounds. The glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are candidate genes for PD because they are involved in the metabolism of pesticides and cigarette smoke. We investigated the relationship of the seven GST polymorphisms ( GSTM1 deletion, GSTT1 deletion, GSTP1 rs1695, GSTO1 rs4925, GSTO1 rs11191972, GSTO2 rs156697 and GSTO2 rs2297235) and PD risk with special reference to the interaction with pesticide use or cigarette smoking among 238 patients with PD cases and 370 controls in a Japanese population. None of the GST polymorphisms were associated with PD. GSTO1 rs4925 and GSTO2 rs2297235 were found to be in strong linkage disequilibrium ( D ′ = 0.98). Cigarette smoking was significantly associated with decreased risk of PD. However, no interaction of smoking with any of the GST polymorphisms was observed. Self-reported pesticide use was not associated with increased risk of PD. There was no evidence of interaction between self-reported pesticide use and either GST polymorphism. Our results suggest that the tested GST polymorphisms did not play an important role in PD susceptibility in our Japanese population. Our study does not give evidence of interaction between the GST polymorphisms and smoking may although this study provided sufficient statistical power to detect modest interaction. As for interaction between GSTP polymorphisms and pesticide use, the power of this study to detect an interactive effect was low due to a small number of pesticide users. Future studies involving larger control and case populations and better pesticide exposure histories will undoubtedly lead to a more thorough understanding of the role of the GST polymorphisms in PD development.
Published: 2010
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22. Posters * Endometriosis, Endometrium and Implantation

Author: Y. Jiang, J. Zhao, M. Hua, X. Zhen, G. Yan, Y. Hu, H. Sun, L. Selvaggi, G. F. Zannoni, V. Tagliaferri, S. De Cicco, V. G. Vellone, D. Romualdi, A. Lanzone, M. Guido, A. Fassbender, A. V. Vodolazkaia, X. B. Bossuyt, M. K. Kyama, C. M. Meuleman, K. P. Peeraer, C. T. Tomassetti, T. M. D'Hooghe, A. Lumini, L. Nanni, C. Manna, S. Pappalardo, A. Melin, C. Lundholm, N. Malki, M. L. Swahn, P. Sparen, A. Bergqvist, F. Crescenzi, A. Farrag, H. N. Sallam, L. Zou, G. Ding, R. Zhang, J. Sheng, H. Huang, C. von Kleinsorgen, T. Wilson, U. Thiel-Moder, A. D. Ebert, M. Reinfandt, T. Papadopolous, A. S. Melo, J. K. Rodrigues, L. A. Dib, A. Z. Andrade, F. C. Donabela, R. A. Ferriani, P. A. Navarro, A. Tocci, P. Royo, C. Lucchini, P. Ramos, J. L. Alcazar, T. Habara, S. Terada, N. Yoshioka, N. Hayashi, D. Haouzi, S. Assou, C. Monzo, T. Anahory, H. Dechaud, J. De Vos, S. Hamamah, R. Gonzalez-Ramos, C. Rojas, J. Rocco, A. Poch, H. Sovino, P. Kohen, A. Munoz, L. Devoto, M. A. Aygen, T. Atakul, G. Oner, M. T. Ozgun, Y. Sahin, F. Ozturk, R. Li, J. Qiao, I. Zhylkova, A. Feskov, I. Feskova, O. Somova, N. Chumakova, S. Bontekoe, D. Blake, M. J. Heineman, E. C. Williams, N. P. Johnson, A. Motta, D. Colaci, M. Horton, M. Faut, C. Bisioli, L. Kopcow, I. de Zuniga, Z. Wiener-Megnazi, M. Khaytov, S. Lahav - Baratz, H. Shiloh, M. Koifman, R. Oslander, M. Dirnfeld, J. Sundqvist, K. L. Andersson, G. Scarselli, K. Gemzell-Danielsson, P. G. L. Lalitkumar, N. Tokushige, R. Markham, B. Crossett, S. Ahn, V. Nelaturi, A. Khan, I. S. Fraser, I. Van Vaerenbergh, H. M. Fatemi, C. Blockeel, L. Van Lommel, P. In't Veld, F. Schuit, E. M. Kolibianakis, P. Devroey, C. Bourgain, N. Sugino, I. Tamura, R. Lee, R. Maekawa, T. Gelbaya, S. Gordts, T. N. D'Hooghe, M. Gergolet, L. G. Nardo, H. Yu, H. Wang, C. Lee, Y. Soong, Y. Kremenska, Y. Masliy, Y. Goncharova, M. Kremenskoy, V. Veselovskyy, V. Zukin, I. Sudoma, F. Delgado-Rosas, R. Gomez, S. Tamarit, A. Abad, C. Simon, A. Pellicer, M. Racicot, N. L. Dean, R. Antaki, S. Menard, I. J. Kadoch, R. Garcia-Guzman, L. Cabrera Romero, J. Hernandez, A. Palumbo, E. Marshall, J. Lowry, J. A. Maybin, F. Collins, H. O. D. Critchley, P. T. K. Saunders, K. Chaudhury, S. K. Jana, P. Banerjee, S. Mukherjee, B. N. Chakravarty, A. Allegra, A. Marino, A. Lama, A. Santoro, C. Agueli, S. Mazzola, A. Volpes, B. Delvoux, A. A. de Graaff, C. M. Kyama, G. A. J. Dunselman, A. Romano, D. Caccavo, N. M. Pellegrino, I. Totaro, M. Panzarino, C. Nardelli, R. Depalo, R. Flores, V. Montanana, A. Monzo, P. Polo, T. Garcia-Gimeno, A. Cabo, J. M. Rubio, G. L. Beets, J. J. van Lankveld, H. Y. Kim, B. S. Lee, S. H. Cho, Y. S. Choi, S. K. Seo, K. E. Lee, H. I. Yang, A. Abubakirov, T. Vacheyshvili, L. Krechetova, M. Ziganshina, T. Demura, T. Nazarenko, I. Fulop, A. Rucz, S. Z. Herczegh, A. Ujvari, S. Z. Takacs, T. Szakonyi, A. Lopez - Muniz, L. Zamora, O. Serra, C. Guix, M. Lopez-Teijon, C. Benadiva, J. G. Alvarez, M. Goudakou, A. Karkanaki, A. Kalogeraki, I. Mataliotakis, I. Kalogiannidis, I. Prapas, M. Hosie, K. J. Thomson, C. B. Penny, C. Penny, M. J. Hosie, B. McKinnon, B. Klaeser, N. Bersinger, M. D. Mueller, J. A. Horcajadas, J. A. Martinez-Conejero, M. Montesinos, M. Morgan, S. Fortuno, K. W. Yi, J. H. Shin, H. T. Park, T. Kim, S. H. Kim, J. Y. Hur, R. W. S. Chan, Y. Y. Chan, E. H. Y. Ng, W. S. B. Yeung, P. Santulli, B. Borghese, N. Chopin, L. Marcellin, D. de Ziegler, C. Chapron, A. Elnashar, A. Badawy, A. Mosbah, S. Tzioras, N. P. Polyzos, C. I. Messini, E. G. Papanikolaou, A. Valachis, E. Patavoukas, D. Mauri, I. E. Messinis, N. Acar, Y. Hirota, S. Tranguch, T. Daikoku, K. E. Burnum, H. Xie, A. Kodama, Y. Osuga, I. Ustunel, D. B. Friedman, R. M. Caprioli, S. K. Dey, A. Mitra, R. Sahu, M. Pal, A. K. Bhattachrayya, J. Bhattachrya, S. Ferrero, V. Remorgida, G. A. Rollandi, E. Biscaldi, S. Cho, E. Arena, A. Morando, T. Tomazevic, H. Ban-Frangez, I. Virant-Klun, I. Verdenik, B. Pozlep, E. Vrtacnik-Bokal, M. Valenzano Menada, M. Morotti, P. L. Venturini, E. Dimitriadis, L. A. Salamonsen, N. Hannan, O. O'Connor, L. Rombauts, C. Stoikos, M. Mahmoudi, A. Shaikh, N. Mousavifar, M. Rastin, J. Baharara, N. Tabasi, Y. Takemura, A. Fujimoto, R. Tsutsumi, N. Ooi, T. Yano, Y. Taketani, I. Panagiotidis, Y. Prapas, D. Zhang, P. P. Lv, G. L. Ding, R. J. Zhang, L. B. Zou, G. F. Xu, H. J. Gao, Y. M. Zhu, J. Z. Sheng, H. F. Huang, E. Labarta, P. Alama, and E. Bosch
Subjects: Andrology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Reproductive Medicine, business.industry, Rehabilitation, medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Endometrium, business
Published: 2010
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23. Relationship between environmentally conscious behavior, social activity, and attitude toward life -A questionnaire survey on university students in Okayama Prefecture, Japan

Author: M, Miyakawa, H, Ikatsu, H, Morooka, Y, Hirota, M, Habu, I, Aoyama, Kibi Intl. Univ, Kurashiki Sakuyo Univ, and Okayama Univ
Subjects: 生き方志向, Environmentally Conscious Behavior, Environmental Education, Social Activity, 社会活動, 環境配慮行動, 子どもの頃,環境教育, Attitude toward Life, Childhood Conditions
Published: 2010

24. Fundamental study for development magnetic drug delivery system

Author: Yoshinobu Izumi, Y. Hirota, Yoko Akiyama, and S. Nishijima
Subjects: Fundamental study, Work (thermodynamics), Materials science, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Nanotechnology, Mechanics, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Magnetic field, Ferromagnetism, Magnet, Drug delivery, Particle, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Diffusion (business)
Abstract: Side-effects and lowering effects by diffusion of drugs such as anticancer agents is one of the serious issues in medication. To solve this problem, it is necessary to control the drugs quantitatively, spatially and temporally within the human body. Magnetic drug delivery system (MDDS) is one of the technologies to make it possible, in which the ferromagnetic drug injected into the blood vessel is conducted to diseased part by external magnetic force. As a fundamental experiment, the accumulation experiment using ferromagnetic particles were performed with simulated capillary vessels composed of glass beads channels in this work. Additionally, accumulation calculation of ferromagnetic particles was conducted to check the validity of accumulation experiment. From these result, the 2D distribution of particle accumulation in the experiment corresponded with that of particle accumulation in the calculation. It was suggested that the proper position of magnet should be changed according to the depth of diseased part.
Published: 2009
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25. Heat Dissipation Mechanism for Magnetite Nanoparticle in Magnetic Fluid Hyperthermia

Author: B. Jeyadevan, Makoto Suto, H. Mamiyak, Kazuyuki Tohji, Y. Hirota, Ryo Kasuya, and Asaya Fujita
Subjects: Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Relaxation (NMR), Thermodynamics, Nanoparticle, Thermal management of electronic devices and systems, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Magnetic fluid hyperthermia, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Instrumentation, Brownian motion, Magnetite
Abstract: We report the results of a study undertaken to determine properties of magnetite particles that disipate heat only through Neel relaxation. The magnetite samples we considered for the heat dissipation studies were found to dissipate heat through both Neel and Brownian relaxations. The relative contributions of both relaxations on magnetic heat dissipation were investigated by analyzing the physical, magnetic, and heating characteristics of magnetite particles with various average diameters dispersed in low and high viscosity media. The results suggested that the size of magnetite particles that dissipated heat through Neel relaxation was around 12 nm and this agreed well with theoretical predictions.
Published: 2009
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26. Motionless heat pump – A new application of thermal transpiration

Author: Y. Hirota, Yoshimi Kizaki, and Ko Kugimoto
Subjects: Chemistry, law, Vapor pressure, Heat generation, Thermal transpiration, Vapour pressure of water, Evaporation, Thermodynamics, Knudsen pump, Mechanics, Water vapor, Heat pump, law.invention
Abstract: A motionless heat pump system using a combination of thermal transpiration flow of a rarefied gas and a phase change of water has been proposed. This system consists primarily of a thermal transpiration pump, referred to as a Knudsen pump, and two chambers filled with water and water vapor, respectively. The Knudsen pump moves water vapor from one chamber to the other. The pressure drop in the outflow chamber promotes the evaporation of water and heat absorption, whereas the pressure increase in the inflow chamber promotes vapor condensation and heat generation. The maximum pressure difference and mass flow rate obtained by a Knudsen pump composed of a glass fiber filter were 57.6 Pa and 0.0484 mg/s/cm2, respectively, at a temperature difference across the filter of 120 K between the two chambers. The vapor delivery capacity of this pump was also measured experimentally.A motionless heat pump system using a combination of thermal transpiration flow of a rarefied gas and a phase change of water has been proposed. This system consists primarily of a thermal transpiration pump, referred to as a Knudsen pump, and two chambers filled with water and water vapor, respectively. The Knudsen pump moves water vapor from one chamber to the other. The pressure drop in the outflow chamber promotes the evaporation of water and heat absorption, whereas the pressure increase in the inflow chamber promotes vapor condensation and heat generation. The maximum pressure difference and mass flow rate obtained by a Knudsen pump composed of a glass fiber filter were 57.6 Pa and 0.0484 mg/s/cm2, respectively, at a temperature difference across the filter of 120 K between the two chambers. The vapor delivery capacity of this pump was also measured experimentally.
Published: 2016
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27. Immunomodulation Accompanied by a Possible Autoimmune Thymocytotoxosis in Chickens Infected with an Avian Osteopetrosis Virus

Author: Y. Hirota and R.M. Franklin
Subjects: Immune system, Osteopetrosis virus, Immunology, Biology, Virology
Published: 2015
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28. Stress and Biological Rhythm: Their Impact on Pathophysiologic Research Strategy into Schizophrenic Illnesses

Author: T. Shimizu, N. Iida, T. Fukuda, T. Ohiwa, and Y. Hirota
Subjects: Rhythm, Psychotherapist, Stress (linguistics), Psychology, Clinical psychology, Psychoneuroendocrinology
Published: 2015
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29. North-south contrasts in decadal scale variations in lower trophic-level ecosystems in the Japan Sea

Author: Sanae Chiba, Y. Hirota, Toshiro Saino, and S. Hasegawa
Subjects: Biomass (ecology), Oceanography, Water column, fungi, Phytoplankton, Environmental science, Regime shift, Aquatic Science, Plankton, Hydrography, Zooplankton, Pacific decadal oscillation
Abstract: Regional comparisons of interannual variations in springtime lower trophic-level ecosystems were made for northern subarctic regions, and for southern Tsushima Current regions of the Japan Sea, based on archival hydrographic and biological data sets collected from the mid-1960s to the early 1990s. Variations related to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation were detected for plankton biomass in both northern and southern regions, although there were regional differences with respect to mechanisms and timing. Springtime stratification increased after the late 1970s in the north, roughly coinciding with the northern Pacific regime shift in 1976/77. Stratification also increased due to warming in the south in the early 1980s, several years after the 1976/77 regime shift. Responding to the increase in stratification, springtime biomass of phytoplankton and zooplankton increased in the north and decreased in the south. Principal component analysis revealed that hydrographic conditions during spring, rather than winter, determined springtime phytoplankton biomass. In northern regions, spring phytoplankton production may be enhanced by increased light availability, due to mixed layer stabilization. In the south, where background nutrient concentration within the water column was low, increases in stratification were likely to limit nutrient supply to the surface layer, resulting in decreases in phytoplankton production. A positive relationship between phytoplankton and zooplankton biomass suggested bottom-up control of secondary production in northern regions. The nature of the links between phytoplankton and zooplankton production was not clear in southern regions, where hydrographic conditions during winter seemed to be responsible for variations in springtime secondary production.
Published: 2005
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30. Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its association with impaired glucose metabolism in Japanese adults

Author: Y. Hirota, T. Nakagami, S. Jimba, M. Takahashi, T. Wasada, T. Wakamatsu, and Yasuhiko Iwamoto
Subjects: Blood Glucose, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Blood Pressure, Type 2 diabetes, Carbohydrate metabolism, digestive system, Gastroenterology, Body Mass Index, chemistry.chemical_compound, Endocrinology, Japan, Internal medicine, Epidemiology, Prevalence, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Sex Distribution, Glucose Metabolism Disorders, Triglyceride, Cholesterol, business.industry, Fatty liver, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Impaired fasting glucose, digestive system diseases, Fatty Liver, Glucose, Liver, chemistry, Population Surveillance, Female, business, Body mass index
Abstract: Aims To assess the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its association with impaired glucose metabolism in Japanese subjects. Methods One thousand, nine hundred and fifty subjects enrolled in a general health examination programme from September 2002 to February 2003 were recruited. NAFLD was diagnosed if a person showed ‘fatty liver’ on ultrasonography, and his/her alcohol consumption, estimated by questionnaire, was
Published: 2005
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31. A Case of Vaginal Vault and Complete Genital Prolapse with Rectocele, peritoneocele, Cystocele, and Sphincter Dysfunction

Author: Hidetoshi Katsuno, Tsunekazu Hanai, M. Matsumoto, H. Okamoto, Shota Nakamura, Harunobu Sato, Y. Koide, K. Masumori, Takashi Koga, M. Funahashi, T. Ishikawa, K. Koishi, Koutarou Maeda, Morito Maruta, Y. Hirota, and Hiroshi Matsuoka
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Thesaurus (information retrieval), medicine.anatomical_structure, business.industry, Gastroenterology, medicine, Sphincter, Surgery, Sex organ, Vaginal vault, business
Published: 2004
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32. High-power photonic millimetre wave generation at 100 GHz using matching-circuit-integrated uni-travelling-carrier photodiodes

Author: Tadao Nagatsuma, Hiroshi Ito, Tadao Ishibashi, Ai-ichiro Sasaki, T. Minotani, Akihiko Hirata, and Y. Hirota
Subjects: Engineering, Frequency response, Computer Networks and Communications, business.industry, Bandwidth (signal processing), Electrical engineering, Biasing, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Photodiode, law.invention, Stub (electronics), law, Optoelectronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Photonics, business, Electrical impedance, Saturation (magnetic)
Abstract: The design and characterisation of a millimetre wave uni-travelling-carrier photodiode with a monolithically integrated matching (impedance transform) circuit utilising a coplanar-waveguide short stub are presented. The device with the matching circuit shows about 50% higher efficiency at 100 GHz than the one without it. The frequency response was characterised through time-domain measurement by means of an electro-optic sampling technique. The 1 dB down bandwidth of the device is as wide as 40 GHz, and the frequency response characteristics are in good agreement with circuit model calculations. The maximum saturation output power is 20.8 mW at 100 GHz for a bias voltage of -3 V, which is the highest output power ever generated directly from a photodiode in the W-band.
Published: 2003
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33. Effect of vegetal-oil emulsion and passion fruit peel-powder on sensory acceptance of functional yogurt

Author: Daniel Granato, Cristina Stewart Bittencourt Bogsan, Natália Pratis Perina, Maricê Nogueira de Oliveira, Adriano G. Cruz, and Claudia Y. Hirota
Subjects: Streptococcus thermophilus, biology, Chemistry, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, Oil emulsion, Functional food, ALIMENTOS FUNCIONAIS, Lactobacillus, Emulsion, Fermentation, Food science, Passion fruit, Flavor, Food Science
Abstract: Vegetal oil emulsion and passion fruit peel powder were concomitantly incorporated to milk aiming to produce new functional yogurt with health benefits. Four milk bases with similar energetic content and macronutrient composition, enriched or not with vegetal oil emulsion and/or passion fruit peel powder, were fermented with Streptococcus thermophilus , Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and Bifidobacterium lactis ( Bifidobacterium species 420) to supply yogurts with similar appearance, flavor, and stability. Milk without supplementation was used as control. Applying hedonic scale and projective map approaches, respectively, 227 and 25 panelists analyzed the samples concerning flavor, texture-in-spoon, creaminess-in-mouth, and global impression. Instrumental firmness was also investigated. Considering the same fermentation temperature, the addition of vegetal-oil emulsion and passion fruit peel-powder did not influence fermentation time, but significantly affected instrumental firmness. Despite the observed differences in flavor and global impression there were no significant changes in consumers' overall liking between supplemented and conventional yogurts.
Published: 2015

34. Performance prediction method for a multi-stage Knudsen pump

Author: T. Niimi, Ko Kugimoto, Hiroki Yamaguchi, Y. Hirota, and Yoshimi Kizaki
Subjects: Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, Physics, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Mechanical Engineering, Computational Mechanics, 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Inlet, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Pressure difference, Multi stage, Knudsen flow, Mechanics of Materials, 0103 physical sciences, Mass flow rate, Performance prediction, Knudsen pump, 0210 nano-technology, Conservation of mass
Abstract: In this study, the novel method to predict the performance of a multi-stage Knudsen pump is proposed. The performance prediction method is carried out in two steps numerically with the assistance of a simple experimental result. In the first step, the performance of a single-stage Knudsen pump was measured experimentally under various pressure conditions, and the relationship of the mass flow rate was obtained with respect to the average pressure between the inlet and outlet of the pump and the pressure difference between them. In the second step, the performance of a multi-stage pump was analyzed by a one-dimensional model derived from the mass conservation law. The performances predicted by the 1D-model of 1-stage, 2-stage, 3-stage, and 4-stage pumps were validated by the experimental results for the corresponding number of stages. It was concluded that the proposed prediction method works properly.
Published: 2017
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35. IOP-lowering effect and ocular toxicity of ONO-0476, a prodrug of a novel prostanoid EP2 receptor agonist, in normotensive cynomolgus monkeys

Author: Y Hirota, Y Goto, S Yamane, M Sugitani, K Moriyuki, and H Yamamoto
Subjects: Agonist, genetic structures, Bimatoprost, business.industry, medicine.drug_class, Tafluprost, Prostanoid, Prostaglandin, General Medicine, Pharmacology, eye diseases, Ophthalmology, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, medicine, sense organs, Travoprost, Dosing, Latanoprost, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: Purpose ONO-0476 is a prodrug of ONO-AE9-078, a potent and selective prostanoid EP2 receptor agonist manufactured by ONO Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the IOP-lowering effect and ocular toxicity of ONO-0476 in cynomolgus monkeys. Methods The binding affinity and agonistic activity of ONO-0476 and ONO-AE9-078 for the prostanoid receptors were evaluated. Male cynomolgus monkeys received single or repeated topical dosing of ONO-0476 or current prostaglandin analogues (latanoprost, travoprost, tafluprost, bimatoprost) at a volume of 30 uL. The IOP was evaluated by using applanation pneumatonometer. Ocular toxicity was evaluated by using portable slit lamp, laser flare photometry, and ultrasound pachymetry in a 4-week repeated dosing study in monkeys. Results ONO-AE9-078 had high selectivity and high affinity for the prostanoid EP2 receptor (EC50 value was 2.3 nmol/L). Single dosing of ONO-0476 (0.3 ug/mL or more) reduced IOP in a dose-dependent manner. IOP-lowering effects were sustained through 24 h following a single dosing. Repeated dosing (once daily for one week) of ONO-0476 (0.3 ug/mL) reduced IOP more potently than the current prostaglandin analogues. During 4-week repeated dosing of ONO-0476 (1 ug/mL), there were no evidence of significant toxicity. Conclusion ONO-0476 causes potent and sustained IOP reduction, and has good tolerability following topical dosing. ONO-0476 is an attractive candidate for treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Commercial interest
Published: 2014
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36. 1.55-μm wavelength periodic traveling-wave photodetector fabricated using unitraveling-carrier photodiode structures

Author: Y. Hirota, T. Ishibashi, and Hiroshi Ito
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, Coplanar waveguide, Impedance matching, Photodetector, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, Photodiode, Wavelength, Optics, Transmission line, law, Optoelectronics, Resistor, business, Microwave
Abstract: We report the first periodic traveling-wave photodetector fabricated by using unitraveling-carrier photodiodes (UTC-PDs). The photodetector comprises three UTC-PDs with a 0.06-/spl mu/m absorption layer that is periodically arranged along a coplanar waveguide transmission line. The photoresponse of the photodetector is three times larger than that of a single UTC-PD. A photodetector with terminal resistors at the input end achieves a 3-dB bandwidth of 115 GHz at 1.55 /spl mu/m. This is almost the same value as that for a single UTC-PD. For one without terminal resistors, the 3-dB bandwidth degrades to 56 GHz as a result of the backward-propagating microwave being reflected at the input end. These results suggest that the photodetector is well designed with both velocity and impedance matchings.
Published: 2001
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37. Drug Delivery Using an Embedded Ferromagnetic Needle and External Magnets

Author: F. Mishima, Y. Hirota, Yoko Akiyama, and S. Nishijima
Subjects: Materials science, Nanotechnology, Superconducting magnet, Condensed Matter Physics, Biomedical tissue, Biomagnetism, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Magnetic field, Ferromagnetism, Magnet, Drug delivery, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Glass tube, Biomedical engineering
Abstract: Side-effects and lowering effects by diffusion of drugs such as anticancer agents is one of the serious issues in medication. To solve the problem, it is necessary to control the drugs quantitatively, spatially and temporally within the human body. Magnetic drug delivery system (MDDS) is one of the technologies that would make it possible, in which the ferromagnetic drug injected into the blood vessel is conducted to diseased part by external magnetic force. The ultimate goal of our study is to develop MDDS which can be used to guide the drug to the diseased part by controlling its movements from outside of human body using superconducting bulk magnet and ferromagnetic needle, and fundamental experiments to establish the MDDS system was conducted. To estimate the magnetic force required to accumulate ferromagnetic particle in blood vessel, particle distribution in the limited biomedical tissue was calculated. To check the validity of calculation, accumulation experiment of ferromagnetic particle in a model tissue consisting of glass beads packed in a glass tube was conducted. Based on these results, design of MDDS using permanent magnet system with facing two poles in a glass tube was conducted.
Published: 2010
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38. Postmortem absorption of dichloromethane: a case study and animal experiments

Author: Kouichi Mogi, S. Nakajo, H. Akuzawa, Koichiro Kishi, Yoshimitsu Nakashima, Y. Hirota, Shinjiro Mori, Toshihiro Yasuda, Haruo Takeshita, and Takashi Nakajima
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, Skin Absorption, Absorption (skin), Urine, complex mixtures, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, chemistry.chemical_compound, Occupational Exposure, Internal medicine, Animals, Humans, Medicine, Tissue Distribution, cardiovascular diseases, Tissue distribution, Rats, Wistar, Dichloromethane, Methylene Chloride, Inhalation, business.industry, Experimental model, Environment, Controlled, musculoskeletal system, Rats, Endocrinology, Carboxyhemoglobin, chemistry, Postmortem Changes, cardiovascular system, Autopsy, Occupational exposure, business
Abstract: A case of accidental death after occupational exposure to an atmosphere containing dichloromethane (DCM) is reported. The concentrations of DCM in the blood and tissues of a 40-year-old man who died while observing an industrial washing machine filled with DCM vapour were blood 1660 mg/l, urine 247 mg/l, brain 87 mg/ kg, heart muscle 199 mg/kg and lungs 103 mg/kg which are 3–7 times higher than previously reported fatal levels. The body was left undiscovered in the machine filled with DCM vapour for about 20 h. The present study was designed to determine whether all the DCM detected in the tissues and body fluids had been inhaled while alive using rats as the experimental model. The concentrations of DCM in the tissues and body fluids of a rat that died from DCM poisoning and was left for 20 h in a box containing DCM vapour were the same as those in the tissues and body fluids of a rat that had died from an injected overdose of barbiturates and had then been placed in the DCM box in a similar manner. Moreover, the concentrations of DCM in the tissues and body fluids of the carcasses that were exposed to the DCM vapour increased gradually throughout the period of exposure. These findings imply that DCM is able to penetrate the tissues and body fluids of rat carcasses through a route other than inhalation such as through the skin.
Published: 2000
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39. A 20-Gb/s CMOS multichannel transmitter and receiver chip set for ultra-high-resolution digital displays

Author: Hiroshi Hayama, H. Heiuchi, Michio Yotsuyanagi, Kazuyuki Nakamura, Muneo Fukaishi, H. Ikeno, Y. Hirota, and Y. Nakazawa
Subjects: Engineering, Chipset, business.industry, Bandwidth (signal processing), Transmitter, Electrical engineering, Skew, Phase detector, CMOS, Low-power electronics, Electronic engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Encoder
Abstract: The digital display interface for an ultra-high resolution flat panel (3200/spl times/2400-pixels) requires 16 Gb/s bandwidth; moreover, 20 Gb/s is required when using an 8B10B encoder to increase serial data transmission accuracy. Low power consumption and low cost are also essential for consumer applications. These requirements are supported by multi-channel transmission, such as four 5 Gb/s CMOS LSIs, which is an effective approach to achieving an aggregate bandwidth of 20 Gb/s. There are two system problems in developing a multi-channel transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) LSIs. One is the phase difference between multiple chips due to the data skew caused by differences between transmission cable lengths. The other is the frequency difference between the TX and RX system clocks. In response to these problems, we have developed compensation technology featuring the use of an elastic buffer for both the phase and frequency differences. Moreover, to achieve 6 Gb/s operation, a self-alignment phase detector with parallel output for a high-speed clock and data recovery circuit (CDR) and a 500 MHz fully pipelined 8B10B encoder are developed.
Published: 2000
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40. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) in Japan

Author: Y. Hirota, Megumi Oda, T Takano, Koichiro Yamada, Shinsaku Imashuku, N. Kinugawa, Nobuyuki Miura, A. Akazai, Takeyuki Sato, A. Yamamoto, H Kakuta, and Mikiya Endo
Subjects: Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, Japan, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, Refractory, immune system diseases, hemic and lymphatic diseases, medicine, Humans, Transplantation, Homologous, Child, Transplantation, business.industry, Septic shock, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Infant, Hematology, medicine.disease, Surgery, Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell, Histiocytosis, surgical procedures, operative, medicine.anatomical_structure, Allogeneic hsct, Bone marrow, business
Abstract: There exists limited information about the usefulness of hemopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for the treatment of patients with refractory Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). We report here four Japanese pediatric patients with multisystem LCH disease who underwent HSCT between 1994 and 1997. Two of the four patients are doing well without any relapse. However, neither of them shows improved sequelae 3 to 4 years after allogeneic HSCT, although the graft was rejected in one of the cases. The remaining two patients died of septic shock. A review of the literature of 11 patients revealed four fatalities after the use of HSCT in the treatment of LCH. Three of these were due to active LCH and three deaths occurred within 2 months after HSCT. To establish the usefulness of HSCT for refractory LCH, further studies are required.
Published: 1999
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41. 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 may Function via Genomic and Non-Genomic actions

Author: Y, Hirota, primary, Y, Suhara, additional, N, Osakabe, additional, T, Sakaki, additional, and T, Okano, additional
Published: 2017
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42. Growth of ZnSe single crystal by CVT method with self-moving convection shield

Author: M. Irikura, Y. Namikawa, Y Hirota, Shinsuke Fujiwara, Kazuhisa Matsumoto, and T. Kotani
Subjects: Convection, Transport agent, business.industry, Chemistry, Inorganic chemistry, Condensed Matter Physics, Inorganic Chemistry, Crystal, Shield, Materials Chemistry, Optoelectronics, Facet, business, Single crystal
Abstract: The self-moving convection shield was used in the growth of ZnSe single crystal by chemical vapor transport method using iodine as a transport agent. The reduction of the convection enables the growth of a 1-in diameter ZnSe single crystal. The incorporation efficiency of iodine on (1 1 1)B facet was proved to be larger than that on (1 0 0) facet. Impurity-hardening effect of incorporated iodine in the grown ZnSe crystal is also suggested.
Published: 1999
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43. Spontaneous Dissecting Pseudoaneurysm of the Extracranial Internal Carotid Artery: Endovascular Treatment with a Palmaz Stent

Author: Hideo Tanaka, T. Ohta, Y. Hirota, S. Nagasawa, S. Suzuki, and Jun Deguchi
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Internal carotid artery dissection, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, education, Palmaz stent, Stent, Dissection (medical), 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, medicine.disease, Surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, Pseudoaneurysm, Stenosis, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.artery, cardiovascular system, medicine, cardiovascular diseases, Internal carotid artery, Endovascular treatment, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: This case illustrates the usefulness of an endovascular stent to treat a pseudoaneurysm of the cervical internal carotid artery. A 46-year-old male patient presented with a spontaneous dissection of the cervical internal carotid artery. After failing conservative therapy, he was treated by endovascular placement of a Palmaz stent at level of the pseudoaneurysm and dissection. Immediate obliteration of pseudoaneurysm was achieved, and patency of the internal carotid artery was maintained. The patient sustained no neurological complications and the stenosis of treated carotid artery did not occur during the 6-month follow-up period. For internal carotid artery dissection, stent placement seems to be a reasonable therapeutic alternative to direct surgery.
Published: 1998
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44. Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Ring A- and F-Modified Hexacyclic Camptothecin Analogues

Author: Keiki Sato, Yasuyoshi Kawato, Hirofumi Terasawa, Y. Hirota, Kouichi Uoto, Satoru Ohsuki, Masamichi Sugimori, Ikuo Mitsui, and Akio Ejima
Subjects: Ketone, Stereochemistry, Antineoplastic Agents, Irinotecan, Chemical synthesis, Mice, Structure-Activity Relationship, Drug Discovery, Tumor Cells, Cultured, medicine, Animals, Humans, Structure–activity relationship, Enzyme Inhibitors, Cytotoxicity, chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, Bicyclic molecule, Leukemia P388, Topoisomerase, chemistry, biology.protein, Molecular Medicine, Camptothecin, Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor, Topoisomerase I Inhibitors, Cell Division, Lactone, medicine.drug
Abstract: Nineteen ring A- and F-modified hexacyclic analogues of camptothecin were synthesized by Friedländer condensation of appropriately substituted bicyclic amino ketones with tricyclic ketone and were evaluated for cytotoxicity and topoisomerase I inhibitory activity. Seventeen of the compounds showed cytotoxic effects comparable or superior to those of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38) against mouse leukemia P388 and human tumor cell lines HOC-21 and QG-56. Introduction of a compact and inductively electron-withdrawing substituent such as a hydroxy, methoxy, chloro, or fluoro group into position 5 of ring A of the hexacyclic compound remarkably increased the antitumor activity. The potency of topoisomerase I inhibition of these compounds showed good correlation with their cytotoxicity. Among them, the 4-methyl-5-fluoro hexacyclic compound was the most potent of all and was 10 times as active as SN-38 in in vitro antitumor activity.
Published: 1998
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45. Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for acute myelogenous leukemia

Author: Shinichi Mizuno, Naoko Kinukawa, Y Hirota, K Yamasaki, Kenji Takenaka, Yuju Ohno, Takashi Okamura, Yoshiyuki Niho, Eijo Matsuishi, Shigeyoshi Makino, Tetsuya Eto, K Nagafuji, Tomoaki Fujisaki, Kazuki Tanimoto, Noboru Harada, Koichi Akashi, Shin Hayashi, S Inaba, S Taniguchi, Hisashi Gondo, Shibuya T, Toshihiro Miyamoto, Yasushi Takamatsu, Takanori Teshima, Masahiro Murakawa, and Mine Harada
Subjects: Transplantation, medicine.medical_specialty, Chemotherapy, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Consolidation Chemotherapy, Hematology, medicine.disease, Gastroenterology, Surgery, Regimen, Leukemia, Platelet transfusion, Internal medicine, medicine, business, Busulfan, Etoposide, medicine.drug
Abstract: The safety and efficacy of myeloablative therapy followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (ABSCT) for acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) were evaluated in 60 patients. Peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) were collected during recovery after consolidation chemotherapy. High-dose chemotherapy consisting of busulfan (16 mg/kg), etoposide (40 mg/kg), and cytosine arabinoside (3 g/m2 x 4) (BEA regimen) was used for pretransplant conditioning in 13 patients. For the remaining 47 patients, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was administered concurrently with the BEA regimen during conditioning. Unpurged, cryopreserved PBSC containing a median number of 5.4 x 10(8) MNC/kg or 12 x 10(4) CFU-GM/kg were reinfused at transplantation. The median number of days to granulocytes exceeding 500/microl and last platelet transfusion were 15 (8-44) and 24 (0->180), respectively. The 3-year probabilities of disease-free survival (DFS) and relapse were 78.6 and 21.4% for patients transplanted in first remission, 29.6 and 64.4% for those in second or third remission, and 11.1 and 77.8% for those in relapse, respectively. There were no transplant-related deaths within 100 days of transplantation. Age, disease status at transplantation, and number of induction chemotherapies to first complete remission were risk factors affecting the outcome of ABSCT. These results of ABSCT for AML in first remission warrant a prospective study of ABSCT as post-remission therapy.
Published: 1997
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46. The effect of alcohol intake and the use of oral corticosteroids on the risk of idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head: a case-control study in Japan

Author: W, Fukushima, T, Yamamoto, S, Takahashi, M, Sakaguchi, T, Kubo, Y, Iwamoto, Y, Hirota, and M, Fujioka
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Alcohol Drinking, Administration, Oral, Alcohol, chemistry.chemical_compound, Femoral head, Young Adult, Japan, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Femur Head Necrosis, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, medicine, Odds Ratio, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Young adult, Aged, business.industry, Case-control study, Odds ratio, Middle Aged, Confidence interval, Surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, Logistic Models, chemistry, Steroid use, Case-Control Studies, Alcohol intake, Female, Self Report, business
Abstract: The systemic use of steroids and habitual alcohol intake are two major causative factors in the development of idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). To examine any interaction between oral corticosteroid use and alcohol intake on the risk of ONFH, we conducted a hospital-based case-control study of 71 cases with ONFH (mean age 45 years (20 to 79)) and 227 matched controls (mean age 47 years (18 to 79)). Alcohol intake was positively associated with ONFH among all subjects: the adjusted odds ratio (OR) of subjects with ≥ 3032 drink-years was 3.93 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.18 to 13.1) compared with never-drinkers. When stratified by steroid use, the OR of such drinkers was 11.1 (95% CI 1.30 to 95.5) among those who had never used steroids, but 1.10 (95% CI 0.21 to 4.79) among those who had. When we assessed any interaction based on a two-by-two table of alcohol and steroid use, the OR of those non-drinkers who did use steroids was markedly elevated (OR 31.5) compared with users of neither. However, no further increase in OR was noted for the effect of using both (OR 31.6). We detected neither a multiplicative nor an additive interaction (p for multiplicative interaction 0.19; synergy index 0.95), suggesting that the added effect of alcohol may be trivial compared with the overwhelming effect of steroids in the development of ONFH.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:320–5.
Published: 2013

47. A 1-Mb 2-Tr/b nonvolatile CAM based on flash memory technologies

Author: T. Satoh, H. Hara, Hachiro Yamada, T. Miwa, and Y. Hirota
Subjects: Computer science, Registered memory, Flash memory, law.invention, law, Universal memory, Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS, Interleaved memory, Racetrack memory, Content-addressable storage, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Memory refresh, Flash file system, Computer memory, Conventional memory, Dynamic random-access memory, Hardware_MEMORYSTRUCTURES, business.industry, Sense amplifier, Semiconductor memory, Content-addressable memory, Memory controller, Non-volatile memory, Computer data storage, Non-volatile random-access memory, business, Computer hardware
Abstract: This paper describes the circuit technologies and the experimental results for a 1 Mb flash CAM, a content addressable memory LSI based on flash memory technologies. Each memory cell in the flash CAM consists of a pair of flash memory cell transistors. Additionally, four new circuit technologies have been developed: a small-size search sense amplifier; a highly parallel search management circuit; a high-speed priority encoder; and word line/bit line redundancy circuits for higher production yields. A cell size of 10.34 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ and a die size of 42.9 mm/sup 2/ have been achieved with 0.8 /spl mu/m design rules. Read access time and search access time are 115 ns and 135 ns, respectively, with a 5 V supply voltage. Power dissipation in 3.3 MHz operations is 210 mW in read and 140 mW in search access.
Published: 1996
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48. Thermal effects on surface Fermi level for GaAs(001)

Author: Y. Hirota and Koji Sumitomo
Subjects: Photoluminescence, Fermi level, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, medicine.disease_cause, Molecular physics, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, symbols.namesake, Electron diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, chemistry, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, symbols, medicine, Atomic physics, Gallium, Ultraviolet, Surface states, Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy
Abstract: Thermal effects in a high vacuum on horizontal Bridgman grown GaAs(001) surface prepared by deoxygenated and de‐ionized water treatment were investigated by x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, low‐energy electron diffraction, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, and photoluminescence (PL) measurement. The ultraviolet photoelectron spectra show that, below 450 °C, the surface Fermi level lies at almost 0.85–1.0 and 0.68–0.8 eV above the valence‐band maximum, respectively, for lightly and highly Si‐doped GaAs surfaces. Above 480 °C, the surface Fermi levels of both the surfaces gradually come close to 0.45–0.54 eV above the valence‐band maximum even though the surface keeps the 2×4 structure. PL measurements suggest that the surface Fermi level position is strongly affected by arsenic and gallium vacancies created near the surface during thermal processing.
Published: 1996
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49. Survival of Bifidobacterium Lactis hn019 and Release of Biogenic Compounds in Unfermented and Fermented milk is affected By Chilled Storage at 4°C

Author: Claudia Y. Hirota, Cristina Sb Bogsan, Natália Pratis Perina, Maricê Nogueira de Oliveira, Ana Carolina Rodrigues Florence, Roberta Claro da Silva, and Fabiana Andreia A. S. M. Soares
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, food and beverages, Cold storage, biology.organism_classification, Elaidic acid, Bifidobacterium animalis, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, Probiotic, chemistry, law, Fermentation, Food science, Antibacterial activity, Bacteria, Polyunsaturated fatty acid
Abstract: Development of dairy products containing bifido bacteria is one of the main focuses in the food industry, considering the health benefits attributed to its survival through gut intestinal tract and the liberation of biogenic compounds. In order to evaluate the effect of process conditions on survival of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. Lactis HN019 and release of biogenic compounds during cold storage two technological processes were employed: (i) addition of Probiotic (unfermented bifido milk; UFBM) and (ii) fermentation (fermented bifido milk; FBM). B. Lactis HN019 counts were stable only in fermented milks during seven weeks of cold storage. Moreover, dairy matrices associated with cold storage appeared to protect bifidobacteria during exposition to gastric conditions, assuring the correct Probiotic counts at gut entrance. The distribution of fatty acids was affected by the different Probiotic products. In contrast, fermentation process increased the relative contents of some bioactive fatty acids, such as elaidic acid (+11%) and conjugated linoleic acids (+20%). It was also noted an increase in polyunsaturated fatty acids in the FBM and a higher relative content of monounsaturated fatty acids in the UFBM, as compared to control milk. In addition, fermentation process by bifido bacteria enhanced the long chain fatty acids fraction in bifido milks as compared to control and unfermented bifido milks. Control milk and unfermented bifido milk showed the same peptides even after seven days of storage in contrast with fermented milks that had increase bioactive peptides. It is possible to suggest that opioid peptides are formed during fermentation process, increasing the source of bioactive peptides. Finally, the cold conservation process modified peptides and could improve antibacterial activity.
Published: 2013
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50. Thermal effects on GaAs(001) surface prepared by deoxygenated and de‐ionized water treatment

Author: Y. Hirota, Masaharu Oshima, Toshio Ogino, and Yoshio Watanabe
Subjects: Chemistry, Fermi level, Analytical chemistry, Evaporation, Surfaces and Interfaces, Substrate (electronics), Electronic structure, Condensed Matter Physics, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, symbols.namesake, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Thermal, symbols, Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, Surface states
Abstract: A study of n‐type GaAs(001) surface prepared by deoxygenated and de‐ionized water (DODIW) treatment as a function of temperature is presented. Synchrotron‐radiation photoelectron spectroscopy was used to perform chemical and electrical characterization. Excess elemental arsenic on the surface decreases due to evaporation with heating to 400 °C. The surface structure changes from (1×1) to (2×4) with heating the substrate from 450 to 500 °C. The surface Fermi level lies almost 0.9 eV above the valence band maximum before heating, moves toward the midgap during heating, and returns to the near‐flat‐band position (1 eV) after cooling to room temperature. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy supports the near‐flat‐band position of the surface Fermi level at room temperature after cooling. This reversible movement of the surface Fermi level suggests that the DODIW‐treated GaAs(001) surface has the possibility of a low density of surface states and that the surface Fermi level is not related to the surface str...
Published: 1995
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