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Top soil samples across the state of Kuwait numering ninety were collected and analysed using gamma-ray spectrometry, to evaluate the elemental concentration of 238U, 232Th and 40K and their depletion/enrichment. Results of elemental concentration ranges from 0.48 to 2.61 mg/kg, 0.87–5.23 mg/kg, and 0.24–2.23%, with a mean values of 1.39 mg/kg, 3.47 mg/kg, and 1.18%, for the 238U, 232Th and 40K, respectively. Further analysis was conducted amongst the five identified soil types, i.e. Aquisalids (S1), Calcigypsids (S2), Petrocalcids (S3), Petrogypsids (S4), and torripsamment (S5). The highest radioactivity concentrations from both uranium and thorium were recorded in the S2 (Calcigypsids) soil, with a value of 1.71 (mg/kg) and 4.45 (mg/kg), respectively. Minimum and maximum values of 40K are 1.1(%) and 1.27(%) and is prevalent in Aquisalids (S1) and Petrocalcids (S3) soil types, respectively. Ratios of elemental concentration for 232Th/238U, 40K/238U, 40K/232Th across the soil types are 2.53, 0.09 and 0.03, with a correlation coefficient of 0.92, 0.34, and 0.38, respectively. A progressively higher 232Th/238U ratio is observed moving south-wards, indicating lower 238U content in soils from the south relative to the northern part. Overall results indicate Kuwait to be relatively an area with low level of natural radioactivity. Keywords: Gamma-ray spectrometry, NORM, Radioactivity concentration, Elemental concentration, Concentration ratio, Depletion/ enrichment

In a study on uranium favourability in Nigeria, it was suggested that the Kerri-Kerri Formation located in the Upper Benue Trough, Northeastern Nigeria is a potential host of uranium mineralization, hence the need to assess the level of natural gamma radiation from the rocks of the area. Laboratory γ-ray spectrometric analysis was carried out with a HPGe detector by (EG & G Ortec Inc.) at the Center for Energy Research and Training, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. Thirty six (36) rock samples were collected from the study area from which nine (9) composite samples were formed for the laboratory γ-ray analysis. The mean concentrations of the radionuclides 238U, 232Th and 40K were 26.9988 Bq/kg, 61.9131 Bq/kg and 91.7042 Bq/kg respectively. The mean absorbed dose rate was 15.646 nGyh−1 which is lower than the world average value of 51.5 nGyh−1. The average internal and external hazard indices were found to be 0.404 and 0.331 respectively which are lower than the acceptable limits of

The application of geophysical method in subsurface investigation at several locations in Igarra, Nigeria has revealed detailed information about the hydrogeological and geotechnical implication of the surveyed locations. Electrical resistivity survey using the wenner-schlumberger array configuration used to characterize a total of fifteen profiles in a sedimentary environment. The true resistivity structures were interpreted using Zondres2D program for 2D smoothness constrained inversion. The outcome of this 2D study includes delineation of aquiferous layers and their recharge zone, and the estimation of its depth in Onumu area, the geotechnical analysis of the soil structure in supporting road construction in Ogbe area, and the environmental prospects and problems in Isale and Ayetoro areas respectively. The essence of this study is to emphasis the usefulness of 2D resistivity mapping as a powerful geological mapping tool from which reliable sections of the subsurface can be created. Keywords: 2D resistivity mapping, geotechnical analysis, wenner-schlumberger array, hydrogeological implication