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Background: In recent years, clinical studies have shown an association between leptin and periodontal disease. The present study aimed to estimate and compare the serum leptin levels in chronic periodontitis patients with cardiovascular diseases. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 subjects were included in the study and are divided into three groups, i.e. Group 1: ten healthy subjects, Group 2: ten subjects with chronic periodontitis, and Group 3: ten subjects with periodontitis and cardiovascular disease. Two millimeters of the venous blood sample was collected from the antecubital fossa of all the sixty subjects under aseptic conditions. Serum was obtained from the blood by centrifuging at 2500 rpm for 10 min. Now, this collected serum is used to estimate leptin using a leptin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (Clementia biotech). Leptin levels were assessed in an ELISA reader. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software version 24. Results: A significant correlation was observed with serum leptin levels and clinical parameters in the chronic periodontitis + cardiovascular disease group, i.e. plaque index (r = −0.96, P = 0.0003*), gingival index (r = −0.89; P = 0.0005*), probing depth (r = −0.82; P = 0.003*), and clinical attachment level (r = −0.84; P = 0.001*) * is Statistically Significant. Conclusion: The study found a statistically significant increase in serum leptin levels in the Group III compared to Groups II and I which suggest an increase in inflammatory state increases the serum levels of leptin.

Periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics is a relatively new procedure designed to minimize the time taken for orthodontic treatment. The orthodontist avails of the aid of a periodontist to perform decortication of the bone and places bone graft for rapid orthodontic correction of malocclusion. A PubMed search was carried out to identify papers describing the procedure, and the data were organized in the current format. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pyogenic granuloma (PyG) is a common cause of swelling in the oral cavity during pregnancy and also as an exaggerated response to any minor trauma. The condition is frequently associated with periodontal pain and discomfort, in some cases interfering with mastication and creating esthetic problems. Six patients reported to the Department of Periodontics with gingival overgrowth in the lower anteriors. After recording the details of the patients' oral hygiene status, all the patients were provided initial therapy with scaling and were prescribed analgesics for the reduction of pain and discomfort. After 1 week, surgical excision of the overgrowth was performed and sent for histopathological analysis. The histopathological report is suggestive of PyG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The routine use of antibiotics in oral implant treatment seems to be widespread. The pre- or post-operative use of antibiotics in conjunction with implant surgery and its correlation with failure and success rates are poorly documented in the literature. The debate regarding overprescription of antibiotics raises the need for a critical evaluation of proper antibiotic coverage in association with implant treatment. The benefits of prophylactic antibiotics are well-recognized in dentistry. However, their routine use in the placement of endosseous dental implants remains controversial. The purpose of this review is to know the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis in implant dentistry.