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High prevalence and low control rate of hypertension have brought a significant disease burden globally. In order to improve the level of hypertension prevention and treatment, remote healthcare and digital medicine have been rapidly developed and widely used worldwide. Currently, there are no relevant regulations in China for these technologies. In 2023, the Italian Society of Arterial Hypertension issued a position statement to guide the development, validation, and clinical use of remote medicine and digital healthcare. This article will interpret this position paper, focusing on the forms of application of telemedicine and digital healthcare in managing hypertension and its related cardiovascular diseases, key research evidence, existing advantages, as well as current opportunities and challenges. The aim is to guide general practitioners in China on how to utilize these technologies in managing hypertension and related cardiovascular conditions.

Food colloids refer to the common multicomponent heterogeneous dispersion systems found in foods, which can be divided into protein-based and polysaccharide-based colloids according to their components. Those colloids play an important role in food processing, such as thickening, emulsification, suspension, gelling, adhesion, water retention, stabilization and film formation, and are widely used in many fields such as the food processing industry. This article reviews the basic concept, composition, and classification of food colloids, with an emphasis on the functional properties of common polysaccharide-based colloids (carrageenan, agar, sodium alginate, Arabic gum, guar gum, konjac glucomannan, xanthan gum, gellan gum and curdlan) including rheological properties, gel properties, stability and combined use. Furthermore, this article also summarizes the current status and future perspectives of colloids based on polysaccharides from marine algae, plants and microbes in the food processing industry. We believe that this review will provide a theoretical basis for further development and utilization of polysaccharide-based food colloids.

[Objective] We aim to establish an efficient and stable genetic transformation system of Lycium ruthenicum and reduce the vitrification rate of the regenerated seedlings in order to promote gene function study and genetic improvement. [Methods] L. ruthenicum leaves were used as explants and Agrobacterium (LBA4404, EHA105) was used to transform L. ruthenicum. By adjusting the types of basic medium and adding plant hormones, we selected the optimal callus-induction medium, differentiation and selection medium, and rooting-induction medium. The transformation rate of L. ruthenicum was increased to over 65%, while the seedling vitrification rate was decreased to below 10%. This combined culture system laid a foundation for the molecular breeding of L. ruthenicum. [Results] (1) The optimal infection concentration of Agrobacterium (OD600) was 0.6 and the infection time was 25 min for the combined culture system of L. ruthenicum. Under this condition, the callus-induction rate was 78.2%-96%; (2) The optimal differentiation and selection medium contained: MS+inositol 50 mg/L+nicotinic acid 0.25 mg/L+vitamin B6 0.25 mg/L+Fe salt storage solution 1 mL/L+glycine 1.0 mg/L+ vitamin B1 0.05 mg/L+6-BA 0.25 mg/L+sucrose 30 g/L+agar 6 g/L+Kanamycin 30 mg/L+Timentin 300 mg/L, pH 6.0. The optimal rooting medium contained: WPM+IBA 0.25 mg/L+sucrose 30 g/L+agar 6 g/L +Kanamycin 30 mg/L+Timentin 300 mg/L, pH 6.0. (3) On the optimal differentiation and selection medium, the seedling vitrification rate infected by Agrobacterium LBA4404-pBI121 was about 65%, while that infected by Agrobacterium EHA105-pBI121 was below 10%. (4) The rooting efficiency of the regenerated seedlings reached 81.2% using a low-salt WPM medium of woody plants. (5) The ratio of the positive callus to the total number of inoculated leaves was used to evaluate the transformation efficiency. Using the optimal transformation system, the transformation rates of Agrobacterium LBA4404-pBI121 and EHA105-pBI121 were 51% and 65.2%, respectively. [Conclusion] The combined culture system of L. ruthenicum leaves can improve transformation rate while reducing seedling vitrification rate.

The quadratic programming (QP) problem constitutes a distinctive class within mathematical optimization, prevalent in scientific computations and engineering applications. In practical scenarios, noise interference has the potential to adversely impact the solution accuracy of time-varying QP (TVQP) problems, thereby compromising the performance of established neural network models, including the original zeroing neural network (OZNN). Consequently, certain variants of the Zeroing Neural Network (ZNN) model exhibit notable tolerance to constant or linear noise; however, it is imperative to acknowledge the prevalence of more intricate forms of noise, particularly nonlinear noise. To ameliorate compromised solution accuracy in the presence of nonlinear noise, this study introduces a novel Zeroing Neural Network (ZNN) model, denoted as Triple Integral Enhancement Zeroing Neural Network (TIEZNN). The model incorporates a novel error processing mechanism strategically enhanced through triple integral augmentation, designed specifically to address TVQP perturbed by nonlinear noise. Theoretical analysis rigorously establishes the convergence properties and commendable noise suppression capabilities intrinsic to the proposed TIEZNN model. Compared with the traditional gradient-based neural network and the previous ZNN model and its variants, the TIEZNN model proposed in this paper is still highly robust and accurate in the face of nonlinear noise. Simulation results unequivocally demonstrate the efficiency and superior performance of the TIEZNN model in addressing TVQP challenges, particularly in scenarios featuring equality and inequality constraints influenced by nonlinear noise.

BACKGROUND With the comprehensive development of the agricultural ecological geological survey and the improvement of people's attention to the ecological environment in our country, the demand for biogeochemical reference materials in biological analysis food analysis and agricultural products analysis is increasing. The existing biogeochemical reference materials are in short supply, and there is an urgent need to develop new reference materials. With the full deployment and development of agro-ecological geological surveys, the demand for biogeochemical reference materials is increasing. OBJECTIVES To reproduce tea composition reference materials (GBW10016a & GBW10052a) to take the place of old tea composition reference materials (GBW10016 & GBW10052). METHODS According to the development needs of geological surveys, the focus of this paper is on the preparation of two tea reference materials, GBW10016a and GBW10052a. The progress includes sampling, processing and preparation, particle size test, uniformity test, stability test, content test, and calculation of identification value and uncertainty.In the sampling process, the sample collection locations are Wuyishan City, Fujian Province and Wuyuan County, Shangrao City, Jiangxi Province. The candidates are oolong tea and green tea. The tea samples both weigh 400kg.In the processing and preparation, the samples were cleaned, freeze-dried, heated and dried, ball milled, screened, sub-packed and inactivated. In the particle size test, the BT-9000s laser particle size distributor was used to test the particle size of the samples. The particle size of GBW10016a & GBW10052a centrally distributed in the range of 75μm to 200μm, and the cumulative distribution content reached 98% in the range of 175μm to 200μm.In the uniformity testing process, 15 bottles of samples were randomly selected for analysis of more than 30 elements. The analysis results show that the relative standard deviation of the elements is less than 7%, the measured values F in the variance test are less than the critical value F. It shows that the uniformity of the samples is acceptable.In the stability testing process, the short-term and long- term stability of the samples are good according to the analysis and testing in different time periods.In the content testing process, a total of 61 indicators were analyzed by accurate and reliable methods such as inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry/optical emission spectrometry (ICP-MS/OES) and atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS) in multiple laboratories.In the process of calculation of identification value and uncertainty, the Grubbs algorithm and the Dixon algorithm were carried out to check and exclude individual out-group data in the group at the first step. The Cochrane algorithm was used to carry out precision testing at the second step. The Shapiro-Wilk algorithm was used to complete the data normality test.The whole preparation process of the tea reference materials follow three specifications: Technical Norm of Primary Reference Materials (JJG 1006—1994), General and Statistical Principles for Characterization of Reference Materials (JJF 1343—2012) and The Production of Reference Materials for Geoanalysis(JJF 1646—2017). RESULTS GBW10016a (GSB-7a) and GBW10052a (GSB-30a) tea reference materials are successfully reproduced, and have been approved as national first-class reference materials. The GBW10016a (GSB-7a) and GBW10052a (GSB-30a) are characterized by strong representativeness, multi-component planting, and accurate and reliable customization results. A total of 61 indicators are involved in this reproduction: Ag, Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Br, Ca, Cd, Ce, Cl, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Dy, Er, Eu, F, Fe, Gd, Ge, Hf, Hg, Ho, I, K, La, Li, Lu, Mg, Mn, Mo, N, Na, Nb, Nd, Ni, P, Pb, Pr, Rb, S, Sb, Sc, Se, Si, Sm, Sn, Sr, Tb, Th, Ti, Tl, Tm, U, V, Y, Yb, Zn. GBW10016a (GSB-7a) contains 54 elements with certified values and uncertainties, and 3 elements with reference values. GBW10052a (GSB-30a) contains 57 elements with certified values and uncertainties, and 3 elements with reference values. For GBW10016a (GSB-7a), Ag and Sn are added, and Ge and Tl are upgraded from the reference values of the original batch (GBW10016) to the certified values. For GBW10052a, Al, Ag, Cl, I, N, S, Sb, Sc, Si and Sn are upgraded from the reference values of the original batch (GBW10052) to the certified values. Due to the current level of analysis technology and objective conditions, the elements of Hf and Nb cannot be given reference values. CONCLUSIONS The reference materials effectively support the needs of geochemical investigation and evaluation of the agricultural ecological environment, analysis of biological samples and food and agricultural products. With the development of ecological environmental research and food safety and hygiene inspection, people pay more and more attention to the characteristic elements, and the requirements are increasing. Problems still exists in the analysis of biological samples, such as discrete analysis results of the same method between laboratories and systematic errors among the main analysis methods of individual elements. There are technical difficulties in the analysis of some elements. Analysis and testing technology needs to be continuously improved to cope with the characteristics of a special biological sample matrix, low composition content and difficult testing.

Rubber cement-based material is one of the important ways of utilizing waste rubber. Fatigue failure and impact failure are the most common failure forms of concrete structures, but the low stiffness and low strength of rubber cement-based materials do no allow them to be used in the main bearing structure. Therefore, the use of appropriate reinforcement materials and technical methods to effectively improve the yield stiffness, bearing capacity, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity of rubber cement-based materials can not be ignored. To explore the dynamic response characteristics of rubber cement mortar (RCM) with different confine conditions, the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) cyclic impact tests of four kinds of confined RCM were carried out. Firstly, the four different confine modes of RCM were designed by using the carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheet and steel cylinder. Then, the SHPB test system was used to carry out the amplitude-enhanced cyclic impact tests of RCM with different confine modes. Lastly, the dynamic mechanical behavior, energy behavior, dynamic damage, and failure modes of RCM with different confine modes were compared and analysed. The results show that the end faces and side of RCM were confined effectively by using the CFRP sheet and steel cylinder, which strengthened the structural resistance of RCM. However, with the simultaneous increase in impact load and impact times, stiffness degradation still occurred due to the cumulative effect of fatigue damage. The end friction constraint of the CFRP sheet and the passive confining pressure constraint of the CFRP sheet/steel cylinder significantly improved the energy dissipation capacity and impact resistance of RCM, controlled and delayed the transverse expansion deformation and crack development of RCM, and ensured the minimum damage of RCM structure. The purpose of this paper is to provide a reference for further promoting the resource utilization of waste rubber and the practical engineering application of rubber cement-based materials.

Background. Stroke is associated with a high number of disability-adjusted life years globally, so long-term care is necessary and important for those survivors, so self-management is becoming a more significant concept in stroke rehabilitation. Methods. Ischemic stroke patients (n = 354) were enrolled from the outpatient department of Neurology in West China Hospital from September 2018 to December 2019. The general demographic and disease-related data of stroke patients were collected. The stroke self-efficacy questionnaire (SSEQ), the brief cognition questionnaire (BIPQ), and the stroke self-management scale (SSMS) were used to collect data on self-efficacy, disease cognition, and self-management behavior separately. The chi-square test, Fisher exact test, independent sample t-test, and Mann–Whitney U test were used for comparison among groups. The logistic regression analysis was used to explore the independent risk factors of the different levels of self-management behavior in stroke patients. Results. The score of self-management among Chinese stroke patients was 151.07 ± 18.53. Multivariate analysis showed that the way of paying medical expenses (OR = 3.215, 95% CI (1.130, 7.769)), self-management efficacy (OR = 2.467, 95% CI (1.534, 3.968)), health education before discharge (OR = 2.354, 95% CI (1.457, 3.802)), age (elder) (OR = 2.060, 95% CI (1.265, 3.355)), educational level (OR = 1.869, 95% CI (1.169, 2.988)), and mRS score (OR = 1.850, 95% CI (1.129, 3.031)) were statistically significant (P

This paper summarized the clinical data and nursing experience of a patient with gingival carcinoma treated by photodynamic therapy using bronchoscopy. Nursing plan consisted of various interventions such as basic nursing, psychological care, avoiding sunlight, illness observation, pain control, dietary care, Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing technique and health guidance before discharge. On the basis of clinical treatment, individualized nursing of integrated Traditional Chinese and western medicine is effective to improve the therapeutic effect, reduce the risk of post-operative complications and improve the patient satisfaction and post-operative quality of life. (本文回顾了1例经气管镜行光动力治疗牙龈癌患者的临床资料, 总结相关护理措施, 包括基础护理、心理护理、避光教育、病情观察、疼痛护理、饮食护理、中医护理和出院指导。在临床治疗基础上, 通过个体化中西医结合的护理措施干预, 有效提高了治疗效果, 改善患者生活质量, 降低并发症发生风险, 进一步提高临床护理满意度。)

BACKGROUND From 1986 to 2007, different grades of trace gold certified reference materials (background grade, anomaly grade, medium grade and high grade) and mineral gold certified reference materials (mineralization grade, cutoff grade and concentrate grade) had been developed by IGGE and used for regional geochemical survey, mineral exploration and evaluation, mining and smelting. With the increase of the service life period and the consumption of recent years, most of the gold certified reference materials has been used up or almost used up. New gold standard materials need to be developed urgently. OBJECTIVES To develop a new gold certified reference material and compare it with the original gold certified reference material. METHODS The trace gold certified reference materials in 7 levels and mineral gold certified reference materials in 3 levels were prepared in strict accordance with relevant specifications. The collected candidates were sampled from different types of deposits and different matrices. The collected candidates were prepared through coarse crushing, drying, composite configuration, fine crushing, sieving, blending and other steps. After the particle size inspection, the cumulative content of the sample with a particle size of 0.74μm reached more than 99%, which met the requirements of the specifications. 25 bottle samples of each grade were randomly selected. Homogeneity testing was carried out by ICP-MS, FAAS and GFAAS. RESULTS The relative standard deviation (RSD) was less than 10%, and the F values of the variance test were less than the one-tailed critical value F0.05(24, 25) of 1.98, indicating that the sample uniformity was good. During the one-year investigation period, no significant changes in statistical significance were found in the fixed value components, which proved that the stability of the sample was good. Five highly experienced and skilled laboratories in geology gold samples testing in CHN were invited to evaluate the gold certified reference materials by classically reliable analytical methods. The original data conformed to the normal distribution after statistical inspection and the suspicious values were eliminated. The arithmetic mean was used as the standard value, and the uncertainty was evaluated in detail, in accordance with the latest specifications. The certified value of the copied standard material was accurate and reliable, and the uncertainty was reasonable. It was approved as a national first-level standard material in 2019. Compared with the original batch, the certified values of the two batches were basically the same, and the standard deviation of the fixed value data showed a shrinking trend, which met the requirements for copying standard materials. CONCLUSIONS This series of gold standard materials has a wide content range, and meets the value comparison and analysis monitoring of different content levels. Moreover, it has good applicability, and meets the needs of geological and mineral research, regional geochemical investigation, gold mine exploration and evaluation.

Objective: The flavor formation process of stewed pork was investigated in this study. Methods: Electronic nose and gas-phase mass spectrometry （GC-MS） techniques were used to compare the key processes such as bleaching, frying, stewing and addition of sauces during the processing of stewed pork, and to analyze the changes of flavor compounds. Results: The results of electronic nose measurement were consistent with the results of gas chromatography analysis. The flavor content of raw pork and sauces was the highest, and the flavor substances decreased in the blanching, frying and stewing stages. However, the characte-ristic flavor substances were formed continuously. A total of 148 compounds were detected by GC-MS, including 39, 32, 23, 20, 38, and 65 compounds in raw pork, blanched, fryed, stewed and finished products and sauces, respectively, which mainly produced aldehydes and ketones, esters and alcohols, heterocyclic compounds, and aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives. The characteristic flavors of finished products were hexanal, benzaldehyde, 1-octen-3-ol, cinnamaldehyde, 2-pentylfuran, 2-acetyl pyrrole, 2,3-dimethyl-5-ethylpyrazine, etc. The content of acetoin was higher in the pre-preparation stage of stewed pork, while methoxy-phenyl-Oxime stayed high in all of the processes. Conclusion: The electronic nose technique can be used to detect the changes of flavor substances in different processing stages of stewed pork, but the specific substance changes need to be determined and analyzed by GC-MS.

A set of nearly NS-trending rifts developed in the Himalayan orogen and southern Tibet, which are the large-scale extensional structures formed under the continuous compression of the Indo-Eurasia continent, playing a significant role in revealing the post-collisional evolution of the Tibetan Plateau. Different predictions have been made on the spatiotemporal distribution of these rifts through the existing hypothesis models, constituting the key factors constraining the formation system of the rifts. In this study we synthesized previous studies on the initiation time of rifting, and further clarified the spatiotemporal trend. The analysis results showed that the rifting initiated progressively earlier westward, which is consistent with the evolution of post-collisional magmatism in the Lhasa Terrain. Moreover, combined with the geophysical observations, it is inferred that the geodynamic mechanism of the nearly NS-trending rifts accords closely with the hypothesis model concerning the eastward-propagating lateral detachment of the subducted Indian slab. The Indian slab detachment resulted in asynchronous gravitational potential energy gradients, which drove the lithosphere flow eastward and eventually caused the eastward development of the rifting.

The continuous queries over spatial-textual data streams (CQST) are widely used in location-based services, which continuously monitor the results satisfying spatial and textual constraints over updated data streams. To match the objects over the data streams with CQST as soon as possible, building efficient filtering techniques on the CQST is the key. The approach to evaluating CQST is to select the appropriate spatial and textual index to organize the CQST, construct efficient filtering strategies to improve the spatial and textual filtering capabilities of the index, filter large number of unpromising queries for the objects over the data streams, avoid costly verification cost and improve the efficiency of matching objects and queries. The existing works construct spatial-textual hybrid index by using limited spatial index and textual index, and the difference in evaluation performance depends on the filtering strategies used, i.e. the techniques of improving the filtering performance of the index. This paper takes the techniques of evaluating CQST as the research object, introduces the framework and challenges of evaluating CQST, reviews and compares the spatial and textual filtering techniques of evaluating CQST on a central server and distributed clusters, including the adopted spatial-textual hybrid index, the spatial and textual filtering strategies and the combination scheme of the spatial and textual index to improve the filtering performance of the index, analyzes and summarizes their advantages and disadvantages, and discusses possible future research directions.

BackgroundAlthough the pursuit of improved cognitive function through working memory training has been the subject of decades of research, the recent growth in commercial adaptations of classic working memory tasks in the form of gamified apps warrants additional scrutiny. In particular, the emergence of virtual reality as a platform for cognitive training presents opportunities for the use of novel visual features. ObjectiveThis study aimed to add to the body of knowledge regarding the use of game-like visual design elements by specifically examining the application of two particular visual features common to virtual reality environments: immersive, colorful backgrounds and the use of 3D depth. In addition, electroencephalography (EEG) data were collected to identify potential neural correlates of any observed changes in performance. MethodsA simple visual working memory task was presented to participants in several game-like adaptations, including the use of colorful, immersive backgrounds and 3D depth. The impact of each adaptation was separately assessed using both EEG and performance assessment outcomes and compared with an unmodified version of the task. ResultsResults suggest that although accuracy and reaction time may be slightly affected by the introduction of such game elements, the effects were small and not statistically significant. Changes in EEG power, particularly in the beta and theta rhythms, were significant but failed to correlate with any corresponding changes in performance. Therefore, they may only reflect cognitive changes at the perceptual level. ConclusionsOverall, the data suggest that the addition of these specific visual features to simple cognitive tasks does not appear to significantly affect performance or task-dependent cognitive load.

In recent years, China’s carbon trading market has achieved good emission reduction results but it is not yet perfect. Carbon trading mechanisms are facing huge challenges. Through the analysis of the current industry carbon trading market, the problems existing affecting the process of the carbon emission trading market are deeply discussed, providing a methodology for the regional carbon trading mechanism and the implementation of the national macro carbon emission reduction targets. It puts forward three challenges to carbon trading market cognition, carbon trading subject and carbon emission reduction technology, to contribute to achieving carbon peak, carbon neutralization.

The solving of quadratic matrix equations is a fundamental issue which essentially exists in the optimal control domain. However, noises exerted on the coefficients of quadratic matrix equations may affect the accuracy of the solutions. In order to solve the time-varying quadratic matrix equation problem under linear noise, a new error-processing design formula is proposed, and a resultant novel zeroing neural network model is developed. The new design formula incorporates a second-order error-processing manner, and the double-integration-enhanced zeroing neural network (DIEZNN) model is further proposed for solving time-varying quadratic matrix equations subject to linear noises. Compared with the original zeroing neural network (OZNN) model, finite-time zeroing neural network (FTZNN) model and integration-enhanced zeroing neural network (IEZNN) model, the DIEZNN model shows the superiority of its solution under linear noise; that is, when solving the problem of a time-varying quadratic matrix equation in the environment of linear noise, the residual error of the existing model will maintain a large level due to the influence of linear noise, which will eventually lead to the solution’s failure. The newly proposed DIEZNN model can guarantee a normal solution to the time-varying quadratic matrix equation task no matter how much linear noise there is. In addition, the theoretical analysis proves that the neural state of the DIEZNN model can converge to the theoretical solution even under linear noise. The computer simulation results further substantiate the superiority of the DIEZNN model in solving time-varying quadratic matrix equations under linear noise.

BACKGROUND With the increased attention paid for the construction of ecological civilization, a comprehensive survey of natural resources is imperative, and new requirements for biological reference materials have also been put forward. At present, relevant research work has been widely carried out. The comprehensive investigation of natural resources, agricultural products and food safety evaluation all need to accurately test the element composition of biological samples, and biological reference materials are needed as the basis for the comparison and traceability of biological components. The demand for biological matrix reference materials has increased significantly. As one of the main foods, the food safety of rice has been paid more and more attention. It is of great practical significance to carry out accurate analysis of the chemical components in rice. Therefore, the demand for rice is particularly prominent, but the rice reference materials for composition analysis are still lacking. OBJECTIVES To develop rice certified reference material (GBW10010a) and compare it with the data characteristics of GBW10010. METHODS The rice certified reference material (GBW10010a) was prepared in strict accordance with relevant specifications. The collected candidates were prepared through coarse crushing, drying, fine crushing, sieving, blending and other steps. The particle size distribution was detected by BT-9000ST laser particle size analyzer. 15 bottle samples were randomly selected and homogeneity testing was carried out by ICP-MS and ICP-OES, etc. The data were statistically calculated by one-way ANOVA, indicating good homogeneity of the samples. The long-term stability of the standard material under the specified storage conditions was investigated. The linear model was used to evaluate the stability of the sample. The determination of 60 components was carried out by means of ICP-MS, ICP-OES, AFS, COL, VOL, XRF, IC and other Analytical test methods. RESULTS The rice reference material prepared in this research has diverse fixed value components, accurate and reliable measurement values, and meet the requirements of national first-level reference material. GBW10010a has a total of 54 main trace elements. 39 elements have certified values and uncertainties and 15 elements only have reference values. The content of heavy metal elements such as As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Zn in GBW10010a decreased significantly, among which Cd, Cu, and Zn decreased by about 39%, 43% and 38.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS To a certain extent, the values reflects the improvement of farmland ecological environment. Compared with the original GBW10010, the total number of certified value elements has increased by 6 items, including Ag and Nb (Nb gives reference values). Moreover, the uncertainty of each element is reduced, including biological-related elements Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mo, Na, P, Pb, Se, and Zn. The reduction indicates the technological advancement of the geological analysis and the improvement of the certified value level. In addition, the content of heavy metal elements in GBW10010a decreased significantly, reflecting the improvement of farmland ecological environment. The designated elements of the reference materials cover most of the main and trace elements with biological effects, and are suitable for the calibration of analytical instruments, evaluation of analytical methods, and monitoring analytical quality during agricultural ecological environment geochemical surveys and evaluation, biological sample analysis, agricultural product quality and food safety evaluation.

Non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) seriously threatens the health of human beings. Aberrant expression of lncRNAs has been confirmed to be related with the progression of multiple malignant tumors, including NSCLC. LncRNA FGF12-AS2 has been considered to be upregulated in NSCLC. However, the mechanism by which FGF12-AS2 promotes the tumorigenesis of NSCLC remains elusive.

Objective To investigate expression changes of phospholipase C-γ1 (PLCγ1)/inositol triphosphate receptor (IP3R)/calmodulin-dependent kinase Ⅱ (CaMKⅡ) and density of dendritic spine in the hippocampus of autism model mice induced by sodium valproate (VPA). Methods Pregnant C57 mouse was given intraperitoneal injection of 300 mg/kg VPA or same volume of normal saline at the 10th and 12th days of gestation. The offspring exposed to VPA or saline during gestation were identified as autism spectrum disorder mice (VPA group) or normal control mice (CON group). Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of PLCγ1, IP3R, CaMKⅡ and post-synaptic dense-95 (PSD95) in the hippocampus of the 2 groups. Golgi staining was employed to observe the changes in dendritic spines in the hippocampus of the offspring mice. Results Western blotting showed that the expression levels of PLCγ1, IP3R, CaMKⅡ and PSD95 were decreased in the VPA group than the normal control group (P < 0.01). Golgi staining indicated that compared with the normal control group, the density of dendritic spines in the hippocampus of VPA mice was reduced (P < 0.01). Conclusion In the hippocampus of VPA induced autism mice, the expression of PLCγ1/IP3R/CaMKⅡ and PSD95 and the dendritic spine density of pyramidal neurons in hippocampal CA1 are all decreased compared with the normal control mice.

Outcome-based education (OBE) is a kind of advanced education concept, is becoming the mainstream concept of medical education reform. Since “Medical Metabolic Biochemistry” integration module has only a few teaching hours, how to improve the quality of teaching and stimulate students' interest in learning is a real challenge. Based on the OBE education concept, this article aims to summarize the teaching reforms related to learning outcomes, teaching contents and teaching strategies, in order to enhance students' enthusiasm and initiative in learning, so as to improve teaching effectiveness, and also to strengthen the foundation for students to become medical talents that meet the requirements of “Outstanding Talent Education Training Scheme 2.0”.

In January 2021, six departments in China, including the Ministry of Education jointly issued the Guiding Opinions on Strengthening Reform in HEI Teacher Capacity Building for the New Era which emphasizes support for career development of young teachers. From the perspective of the career anchor theory, this paper takes human resource management as a tool to analyze organizational environment at the macro and micro levels to find out how to facilitate career development of young teachers in higher education institutions.

Aiming at the problem of insufficient security in the existing wireless data transmission, a security transmission technology based on direct modulation with random channel characteristics is proposed. The method first estimates channel characteristics using the preamble in the communication frame, and then embeds channel characteristics into the I/Q modulator. After that, the modulated constellation diagram undergoes random hopping of the constellation position compared with the original constellation diagram, thus achieving the effect of secure transmission. Due to the reciprocity of the uplink and downlink channels, channel characteristics estimated by the downlink receiver are almost the same as those estimated by the uplink receiver, and the correct plaintext data can be recovered by performing corresponding demodulation with them. Compared with the existing scheme of quantizing channel characteristics and then encrypting data, the method reduces the performance loss caused by quantization. In addition, its bit error rate is lower than that of the quantization method. In general, it has higher security and convenience.

BACKGROUND Floodplain sediment, which is an important sampling media for geochemical mapping, can represent the average distribution of elements in the basins and has universal applicability. At present, there is no floodplain sediment reference material in the world. The development of similar standards in foreign countries focuses on the environment, and there are fewer fixed components. The same standards for soil and river sediments in China are limited by different work needs, and the development aims are different. Most of the standard substances are insufficient. To develop 7 national first-level reference materials for floodplain sediments in the Yangtze River, Gan River, Han River, Huaihe River, Yellow River, Haihe River and Heilongjiang River (GBW07385-GBW07391). CANDIDATES CHARACTERISTICS:Sample GSS-29 is the floodplain sediment of the Yangtze River. It is grayish yellow and contains high contents of silty. GSS-30 is the floodplain sediment of the Gan River, which is sub clay with relatively fine particle size. GSS-31 is the floodplain sediment of the Han River, which is gray-black, fine-grained and contains relatively high contents of organic matter. GSS-32 is the floodplain sediment of the Huaihe River, which is grey-black, fine-grained and clay-like. GSS-33 is the floodplain sediment of the Yellow River, which is black clay with relatively fine grain size and relatively high contents of organic matter. GSS-34 is the floodplain sediment of the Haihe River, which is sub clay with a relatively fine grain size and high content of clay formed in block. GSS-35 is the floodplain sediment of the Heilongjiang River, which is black and loose, with a relatively fine grain size and high content of clay where some are formed in block. METHODS A series of reference materials was tested using X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry to measure 26 components. The RSD of the main components was less than 1%, the RSD of minor elements was 2% and the RSD of trace components was less than 7%. The F value of the variance test was less than the list threshold F0.05(24,25)=1.96, indicating that all seven materials were homogeneous. No significant statistical changes were found in the 24 elements and compounds tested within 23 months, indicating that the stability of these materials were stable. Thirteen laboratories have participated in this inter-laboratory program, and have adopted various reliable analytical methods based on different principles to set the values. RESULTS A total of 511 characteristic components, including 73 elements and compounds, have been tested. In addition to the CO2 values of GBW07386 and GBW07388 that cannot be assigned, the remaining 494 characteristic components are given the certified value and uncertainty, and 15 characteristic components are given information value. The trace elements in GSS-29 have the mostly high background contents. The trace elements in GSS-30 have medium background values, and the contents of W, Sn and Mo are relatively high. The contents of Cd and Mo in GSS-31 are relatively high. The trace elements in GSS-32 have low background contents, and the contents of Cd, Hg, Mo, N, S and P are lower than the background level. The content of Hg in GSS-33 is very low. The trace elements in GSS-34 have the mostly medium and high background levels, and the contents of F, Cl and Br are relatively high. The organic matter content of GSS-35 is relatively high. CONCLUSIONS The seven reference materials for floodplain sediments have been certified by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China (AQSIQ) in 2017. This series of floodplain sediment certified reference materials (GBW07385-GBW07391) represents the background values of the elements of each corresponding drainage area. It can be used for monitoring the quality of geochemical sample analysis or the quality of sample analysis in other fields, such as environment and agriculture.

Several nitration reagents including fuming nitric acid, HNO3-H2SO4, KNO3-H2SO4, HNO3-KNO3, CH3COOH-KNO3, (CH3CO)2O-HNO3 were used to nitrate cyclic ladder polyphenylsilsesquioxane (CL-PPSQ) in different conditions in order to enhance the compatibility of the CL-PPSQ in polymers, the NO2-PPSQ was obtained. FTIR, element analysis, GPC, TGA and 1H NMR were used to characterize the structures of the nitrated products. The results show that the nitrating abilities of the fuming nitric acid, HNO3-H2SO4 and KNO3-H2SO4 are very strong. Many nitro groups can be linked with phenyl groups in CL-PPSQ, but with low molecular mass, fracture occurs in siloxane segment. However, the Mn of the product NO2-PPSQ sharply drops by 50% compared with that of CL-PPSQ, so the nitration reagents can break the cyclic structure of CL-PPSQ. The nitrating reagents of HNO3-KNO3 and CH3COOH-KNO3 have no nitration effects on CL-PPSQ. At last, NO2-CL-PPSQ was prepared using (CH3CO)2O-HNO3 because of the moderate nitration process and ability. The cyclic structure of PPSQ is remained, although the number of —NO2 group is not too much. At the same time, the nitration mechanism using different nitration reagents was analyzed. A certain amount of NO2+, which is a kind of activator owning strong nitration ability, can be found in the fuming nitric acid and H2SO4-HNO3(KNO3) systems. As to the (CH3CO)2O-HNO3 system, the main activator is CH3COONO2.