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C5H6O3N2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 11.3451(10) Å, b = 4.9505(5) Å, c = 10.3200(8) Å, β = 99.220(3)°, V = 572.12(9) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0429, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1031, T = 170 K.

In china, overloaded trucks are widespread on rural highways, and the current control measures are inefficient. We propose a new overloaded truck control method that finds overloaded trucks with enforcement vehicles. The enforcement vehicles detect the intercepted trucks with mobile weighing equipment and use the overloaded truck control station as a base. Based on the given number of stations and the number of enforcement vehicles, in order to detect more overloaded trucks, we need optimize the spatial distribution of the stations and the routes of the enforcement vehicles. For this reason, this paper first uses the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to evaluate some initial alternative locations and selects a group of potential locations for the stations. Second, with the aim of maximizing the number of trucks being detected by the enforcement vehicles, we establish a model to optimize the spatial distribution of the stations and the routes of enforcement vehicles. Finally, a calculation is done with the data of the current rural highways in Guiyang city, China.

To elucidate the impact of online car-hailing (OCH) on traditional taxi services and in producing structural changes to urban taxi markets in China, we propose a model based on the market access rules and business models of the two modes that analyzes their interactions in the following arenas: fleet size, passenger waiting time, service level, and driver income. Then, we build a nested logit model to predict the modal splits and market shares for four travel modes (online car-hailing, traditional taxi, metro, and bus). Taking Ningbo as an example, we estimate the changes in the number of OCH vehicles, the modal splits of the four travel modes, and the new equilibrium in urban taxi service markets. We show that OCH puts significant pressure on the traditional taxi market due to the positive feedback between OCH fleet size and its service quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To clarify the impact of new transport services on consumers' shopping behaviors and shopping-related transport emissions, a back-propagation neural network shopping channel choice model is established to estimate the number of times that consumers engage in online and offline shopping. A brick-and-mortar store choice model and travel mode choice model are developed, and a method to measure the quality of life of consumers is established to evaluate the impact of new transport services on shopping behaviors and the corresponding shopping transport emissions. The findings reveal that a new passenger transport service increases the number of times that consumers shop in brick-and-mortar stores and correspondingly shopping transport emissions; a new commodity transport service reduces the number of times that consumers shop in brick-and-mortar stores and in turn shopping transport emissions. In a scenario with both new commodity services and new passenger transport services, although online shopping is convenient, consumers are still willing to pay travel expenses for offline shopping; in a scenario with the new commodity transport service but without the new passenger transport service, the emissions from shopping-related transport are the lowest., Author(s): Yu Sun [1]; Feng Lian [1]; Zhongzhen Yang (corresponding author) [1] 1. Introduction Due to rapid urbanization and motorization, transport demand and the corresponding CO[sub.2] emissions have increased considerably. [...]

Comprehensive Summary: Cooperative NHC/photoredox catalysis has emerged as an important research field in recent years. Herein, this article describes the use of cesium salt derivatives of tert‐alcohols as alkyl radical precursors in a three‐component reaction with styrene and aromatic acyl fluorides to synthesize α‐arylalkyl aryl ketones. The aroyl fluoride reacts with the NHC catalyst, leading to the formation of an acyl azolium ion. This acyl azolium ion can then be reduced by the photoredox catalyst, generating the corresponding ketyl radical anion. The C‐radical generated from oxalate oxidation undergoes an addition reaction with the styrene derivative, followed by cross‐coupling of the addition radical with the ketone radical, which is fragmented by NHC to give the target ketone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]