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The study undertook a thin-layer hot air-drying experiment on rice, and an orthogonal testing approach was used to explore the drying characteristics under diverse conditions of hot air temperature, humidity, initial moisture content, airflow velocity, and tempering ratio. It compared the applicability of nine different accumulated temperature-nutritional index (protein, fat, starch) mathematical models in the hot air drying process of rice. The results showed that the experimental scheme was designed using Central- Composite design, and the parameter combination was optimized through a regression model to hot air temperature hot air temperature (T) at 38.5 ℃, humidity (RH) at 48.086%, initial moisture content (MC) at 19.82%, airflow velocity (V) at 0.70 m/s, and tempering ratio (TR) at 1.45. The relative error between the experimental results and the optimized results was 3.65%, and the relative error of the accumulated temperature-nutritional quality model was 5.92%. Through mathematical model fitting, it was found that the accumulated temperature-protein content was best fitted by the modified Page II model, while the accumulated temperature-fat content was best fitted by the Thompson equation. The accumulated temperature-amylose content was best fitted by the Midilli equation, and the accumulated temperature- amylopectin content was best fitted by the Weibull II equation. All models were highly significant. The optimized drying process maintained nutritional quality and improved drying efficiency. This study could provide a new approach for in-depth exploration of the mechanism of rice quality changes and lay a foundation for the subsequent development of intelligent control systems.

Superhydrophobic materials have found extensive applications in everyday life and various industries due to their outstanding attributes such as waterproofing, exceptional anti-corrosion and self-cleaning capabilities. Nonetheless, their limited mechanical stability hinders their widespread use on ceramic surfaces. This study aims to address these limitations by employing industrial waste porcelain powder as a raw material and co-firing technology to create a micro-rough structure on ceramic surfaces. Furthermore, the impact of this rough structure on the wear resistance and hydrophobicity of the hydrophobic coating is investigated using the finite element method. The results indicate that the mechanical stability of the hydrophobic coating experiences a more pronounced enhancement with increasing distribution density of the micron rough structure of waste porcelain powder (WPPMRS). A dense rough structure does not only reduce its concentrated stress and improve its anti-wear ability, but also reduce the concentrated stress of hydrophobic coating to improve the protection of the coating. As a result, it substantially enhances the mechanical properties and stability of the hydrophobic coating. This work will provide valuable insights into the utilization of waste porcelain powder in sustainable superhydrophobic ceramics.

Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is a non-thermal sterilization technique, and mercury vapor ultraviolet lamps currently serve as the primary equipment for food hygiene. However, due to some factors, the production and usage of mercury lamps gradually reduced. The inevitable trend has been their replacement by environmentally friendly and energy-efficient ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (UV-LED). This article, based on the principles of UV-LED light emission and the characteristics of multi-wavelength coupling applications, briefly reviewed the mechanisms of microbial inactivation. The factors affecting the inactivation effect (wavelength, UV dose and material characteristics), the sterilization effect of processed foods and the impact on the quality of some foods were explored. The aim was to provide a reference for optimizing the sterilization processes and equipment parameters of UV-LED in the field of food hygiene.

Porosity is a key parameter that affects the heat and moisture transfer within a grain pile. In order to investigate the distribution law of porosity in bulk grain piles in grain silos, grain compression experiment was carried out to obtain the porosity of different grain types under different moisture content and vertical pressure conditions. A porosity prediction model for grain cell based on GWO-BP neural network was proposed, and the model was compared with the porosity prediction results of BP neural network model and random forest model. Finally, the generalization ability of the model was verified using the grain cell box test. The results showed that the porosity prediction performance of the GWO-BP neural network model was the best, and the evaluation indexes of the model, including R2 of 0.960 5, RMSE of 0.013 7 and MAE of 0.013 1, were all within the permissible range. This study has provided a neural network prediction method for the determination of grain porosity, which could provide an important foundation for in-depth multi-field coupling analysis of grain piles and theoretical support for safe grain storage.

Objective·To investigate the effect of Astragali Radix on T lymphocyte subsets and cytokine expression in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients with normal thyroid function.Methods·A total of 120 Hashimoto′s thyroiditis patients with normal thyroid function and complete data were selected from January 2020 to December 2020 in Jinshan Branch of Shanghai Sixth People′s Hospital. The patients were randomly divided into intervention group (n=60) and control group (n=60) by the method of random number table. The treatment plan of the control group was iodine appropriate state diet, and the intervention group was combined with oral Astragali Radix solution (150 mL per time, twice/d) on the basis of the treatment of the control group. The two groups were treated for 6 months. The changes in peripheral blood serum T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD4+/CD8+), cytokines [interleukin-2 (IL-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10)], hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), thyroid function, autoantibody, liver and kidney function, and other biochemical indexes were compared before and after treatment between the two groups. Adverse reactions were observed during the treatment. The factors influencing the change amplitude of thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) were analyzed by multifactor linear regression.Results·Finally, 118 patients, with 59 cases in each group, were included in the study. After 6 months of treatment, the intervention group showed significant improvements in the proportions of CD4+ T cells, the ratio of CD4+/CD8+, and the levels of IL-2, TNF-α, IL-10, hs-CRP, ESR, TPOAb, and thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb) compared to the values before treatment and in the control group (P0.05). No serious adverse reactions were observed in the intervention group. Multiple linear regression analysis results showed that the use of Astragali Radix, increase of CD4+ level, increase of CD4+/CD8+ ratio, and decrease of hs-CRP level were influencing factors for the decrease of TPOAb level (β=-0.393, P=0.029; β=-0.513, P=0.010; β=-0.351, P=0.035; β=0.434, P=0.023).Conclusion·Astragali Radix can improve the levels of CD4+ T cells, CD4+/CD8+ratio, IL-2, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 in Hashimoto′s thyroiditis patients with normal thyroid function, and it is safe to use.

Corn is abundant in carbohydrate, protein, carbohydrates and other nutrients. However, because of its large embryo, it is easy to be infected by microorganisms and insects, which leads to the deterioration of corn quality. Therefore, the quality preservation and storage of corn is a challenge. So it is necessary to clarify the rule and change of corn storage quality. Corns with initial water content of 13.04%, 14.03% and 14.99% were taken as reasearch objects in this paper. During storage between 70% relative humidity and 20 ℃ (quasi-low temperature environment) , the changes laws of quality indexes such as bulk density, fatty acid value, germination rate, mold activity and microstructure of corn grain were studied emphatically. Otherwise changes of storage quality of corn at 70% relative humidity and 25 ℃ (room temperature environment) were compared. Therefore it can provide reference for safe storage of high-quality corn. The results demonstrated that the germination rate, fatty acid value and bulk density of corn under 20 ℃ were slower than those under 25 ℃. And they were in the suitable storage range in accordance with the national standard. The number of fungal spores increased sharply with the prolonged storage time. Meanwhile it showed significant correlation with the initial moisture content of corn. In other words, the number of fungal spores for corn under 14.99%w.b was stored for 120 d, and the safe storage periods of corn under 13.04%w.b, 14.03%w.b and 14.99%w.b were 180 d, 180 d and 100 d, respectively. The microstructure of corn kernel changed gradually during storage. It means the appearance changed from smooth and tidy to concave and convex folds. Furthermore, the arrangement of starch granules changed from tight structure to sparse and disordered structure. The main factors of corn quality and microstructure change were corn initial water content and storage time, during storage at quasi-low temperature environment. So the change laws of corn storage quality with different water content were explored, so as to provide new research perspective for maize post-harvest to reduce loss and guarantee qualtiy.

The issuance of the 2022 White Paper on Smart Cities has brought the notion of smart cities to the forefront. This conceptual framework revolves around green and sustainable development, aligning seamlessly with China's mission to strengthen ecological civilization in the contemporary era. In this study, we delve into the implications of employees' perception of smart cities on their ecologically conscious behaviors, drawing upon the frameworks of self-determination theory. The empirical analysis encompasses 306 employee respondents hailing from diverse enterprises and backgrounds. The findings extracted from this investigation reveal several crucial insights: (1) A robust and positive correlation between the employees' perception of smart cities and their eco-friendly behaviors; (2) corporate environmental responsibility assumes a partially mediating role between the employees' perception of smart cities and eco-friendly behaviors; (3) environmental awareness emerges as a constructive moderator in the interplay between corporate environmental responsibility and employees' eco-friendly behaviors; (4) notably, the impact of employees' perception of smart cities on employees' eco-friendly behaviors assumes greater prominence when environmental awareness is high, signifying an intensified indirect relationship. This dynamic underscores that during periods of heightened environmental awareness, the influence of employees' perception of smart cities on eco-friendly behaviors becomes more pronounced, reinforced by a more substantial indirect influence channeled through corporate environmental responsibility. These findings enhance the theoretical underpinnings of self-determination theory. Enterprises are encouraged to underscore and incentivize employees' pro-environmental behaviors, integrate environmental preservation paradigms into corporate culture and enhance green management initiatives, synergistically advancing shared ecological objectives for both enterprises and employees.

The current control methods in the grain drying process mainly focus on ensuring uniform moisture content, energy saving, and emission reduction. However, precise control of drying quality remains a bottleneck problem. To address issues such as strong coupling, nonlinearity, and difficult quality control in the grain drying process, this paper proposes the utilization of long and short-term memory neural network (LSTM) coupled with model predictive control (MPC) based on previous studies. This combined controller was applied to regulate the grain drying process according to a reference diagram for high-quality rice targeted regulation during the drying process. The simulation environment was used to compare the control accuracy of these two controllers. The effectiveness of system control was evaluated through continuous rice drying tests conducted both before and after the incorporation of the process reference diagram. Results demonstrate that compared to conventional PID controller, the LSTM-MPC controller exhibits stronger robustness and faster response speed. Furthermore, by incorporating the process reference diagram into control decisions, visualization of the drying process quality index can be achieved while significantly improving overall drying quality levels.

Triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) metamaterials possess exceptional properties not commonly found in natural materials. TPMS metamaterials are used in lightweight structures and impact energy absorption structures due to their surface geometry and mechanical properties. The quasi-static mechanic properties of resin-based homogeneous and gradient TPMS structures manufactured by stereolithography are investigated in this study. The results of both experimental and numerical simulations reveal that the gradient TPMS structures have superior energy absorption abilities compared to the homogeneous TPMS structures. Furthermore, the benefits of gradient TPMS structures can be further enhanced by changing the gradient variation interval of the relative density and cell thickness of TPMS. If the slope and intercept of the C value function of the TPMS structures remain constant, selecting a design where the gradient direction of the cell aligns with the direction of the load on the material can enhance the energy absorption capability of the TPMS structures.

With the wide application of open source software, the security of open source components has become a non-negligible problem in software development. In this paper, based on the research on deep learning algorithms, the deep reinforcement learning algorithm DQN is proposed, and the DQN-LightGBM model is constructed by combining LightGBM classifiers to achieve better mining performance. This model introduces the attention mechanism and BiLSTM network, and the TextACBL vulnerability identification algorithm is proposed. In the end, the performance of the open source component vulnerability mining model is evaluated to investigate its impact on vulnerability identification, risk assessment, and dependency analysis of open source components. The results show that the performance of DQN-LightGBM model is above 0.9 in accuracy, checking accuracy, checking completeness, AUC value, and F1, and the mining completion time is only 54s, which is the best. The accuracy of TextACBL model in identifying the types of vulnerabilities is above 94%, and the vulnerability danger levels on the seven items measured are high, low, high, high, and high risk, respectively, medium risk, high risk, and medium risk. The differences in the global graph features of the identified normal and vulnerability samples are obvious, and there are frequent dependencies in the probability graphs of the opcodes of the vulnerability samples. This study allows for the assessment of security risks of open source components and the comprehensive, accurate, and efficient conduct of dependency analysis.

The supervision of grain reserves is a major event of national food security. China has built the largest grain internet of things in the world. Although there are still have some problems such as low data quality, low utilization rate, and serious information islands, it still provides a basis for conducting digital supervision on grain reserves. On the basis of studying the multi-fields coupling and biological theory in stored grain ecosystems, the author team proposed the continuity, periodicity and coordination principles of the digital supervision of grain reserves, and further proposed 7 intelligent strategies using the big data analysis of grain situation and the intelligent analysis method of 10 modes of grain storage in the granary. In combination with the application cases of 10 provinces that participated in the policy oriented inventory check of grain reserves organized in 2018, this paper analyzes the principle of digital supervision of grain reserves and 7 intelligent methods, which will accelerate the transformation and large-scale promotion of relevant technological achievements, and accelerating the construction of a high-quality technical system for grain reserves supervision. This digital intelligence method will promote the transformation of grain reserve management from “human management" to "technology management”, and let data play its due role in grain reserve decision-making and management.

The innovative development of green technology is the permanent scientific research topic in the field of grain storage, and the controlled atmosphere is one of the green grain storage technologies. This paper carried out the research on the storage technology of high-quality indica rice in the fifth ecological area of grain storage (medium temperature and high humidity) by air-regulating agent. The concentration of oxygen, temperature and relative humidity of the storage environment were monitored, and the quality of high-quality indica rice was also evaluated. The results showed that the technology of air-regulating could effectively delay the quality deterioration of rice. Compared with the controlled group, the experiment group can maintain the concentration of oxygen in the confined space below 0.1% and the relative humidity at 70% during the 5-month storage period. The moisture content of the controlled atmosphere group was 0.98% higher than that of the controlled group. The fatty acid value was 1.34 mg (KOH)/100 g lower than that of the controlled group, while the freshness was 7 points higher than that of the controlled group. The above results showed that the air-regulating agent can adjust and control the oxygen concentration and relative humidity in the confined space according to the demand, which could achieve the purpose of preserving the quality and freshness of grain. It is a green, low-carbon and fresh-reserving new grain storage technology.

Introduction: Artesunate, a derivative of artemisinin, has anti-malarial effects, and in recent years has also been reported to have anti-tumor activity. However, its anti-tumor mechanisms are not well understood.Methods: In this study, we focused on the targeting of Hsp90 by artesunate to inhibit tumor cell proliferation, which we examined using immunoprecipitation, a proliferation assay, flow cytometry, western blotting, a tumor xenograft animal model, and immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, to examine the tumor-suppressive effects of artesunatein nude mice, we used artesunate-loaded PLGA-PEG nanoparticles.Results: The binding of artesunate to Hsp90 was found to reduce the expression of its client proteins AKT, ERK, p-AKT, p-ERK, and EGFR, thereby blocking the cell cycle at the G0/G1 → S stage in lymphoma cells and inducing apoptosis. In addition, the results of tumor xenograft experiments revealed that artesunate reduced the expression of AKT and ERK proteins in tumor tissues, inhibited tumor proliferation, and reduced tumor size and weight. Furthermore, nanoparticle encapsulation was demonstrated to enhance the anti-cancer activity of artesunate.Discussion: We thus established that artesunate inhibits the proliferation of lymphoma cells by targeting the Hsp90 protein, and we accordingly believe that this compound has potential for development as a novelanti-tumor drug.

Physalis pubescens L. is an annual or perennial plant in the family Solanaceae It is used in traditional medicine for treating sore throats, coughs, urinary discomfort, and astringent pain, and externally for pemphigus and eczema in northern China. The proliferation inhibitory activity and mechanisms of the ethyl acetate extract (PHY-EA) from the leaves of Physalis pubescens were investigated. High performance liquid chromatography was used to identify the chemical composition of PHY-EA; sulforhodamine B was used to detect the proliferation inhibitory effect of PHY-EA on MCF-7, CA-46, Hela, HepG2, B16, and other tumor cells; flow cytometry was used to detect the effect of PHY-EA on the lymphoma cell cycle and apoptosis; Western blot was used to detect the expression of the cycle- and apoptosis-related proteins. The expression of Ki-67 and cleaved caspase 3 was detected by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that PHY-EA contained physalin B, physalin O, and physalin L. PHY-EA blocked the cell cycle of G2/M→G0/G1 in lymphoma cells and induced apoptosis in tumor cells. Mouse transplantation tumor experiments showed that PHY-EA had a significant inhibitory effect on mouse transplantation tumors, and the tumor volume and weight were significantly reduced. In conclusion, PHY-EA has a good antiproliferative effect on Burkkit lymphoma, indicating its potential medicinal value.

This article aims to explore whether the visual style in AIGC art is constrained by certain factors that hinder the emergence of new styles and to analyze possible paths beyond this limitation. Methodologically, the article first deconstructs and subverts established visual rules in AIGC art from a post-structuralist perspective. Subsequently, it analyzes the limitations that AIGC art currently faces in innovation, namely, excessive reliance on imitating existing styles, from a perspective of technological philosophy. Finally, it proposes breakthroughs in style innovation for AIGC art through diversified training data, human-machine collaboration, and assimilating multicultural resources. The conclusion suggests that there is potential to surpass the 'visual maze' in AIGC art, but it requires progress in various aspects such as data, models, human-machine interaction to achieve this breakthrough. This will not only promote the development of AIGC art itself but also enrich the aesthetic experience of humanity.

The air-film reinforced concrete spherical silo (hereinafter referred to as the air-film spherical silo) is a new type of storage structure. In order to explore the effect of the air-film spherical silo, the paper takes the first air-film spherical silo in China as a research object, and takes the wheat grain pile as the research target. The grain temperature quality, quality index, toxin and other indicators were tested and analyzed. The results showed that, during the grain storage process, the wheat grain heap in the air film spherical silo had no pests, no mildew, and all quality indicators met the suitable storage standard. The grain situation was stable and the quality was good, the air-film spherical silo is a new type of warehouse suitable for grain quality and safe storage.

Ethernet circuit based on IEEE 802.3 has been widely used in the field of rail transit. Open systems interconnection (OSI) model divides Ethernet into seven layers, of which the physical layer (PHY) belongs to the first layer, which is mainly responsible for converting Ethernet signals into specific electrical signals and transmitting them to Ethernet cables, and plays a very important role in the interconnection between different network interfaces. In order to improve the reliability of train network system based on Ethernet and improve the quality of train communication, this paper designs and studies the physical layer circuit of train Ethernet, including PHY chip filtering and impedance matching, the application of different xMII (medium independent interface) interfaces, EMC protection, factors in the consistency test of network interface and PCB layout and wiring rules, and designs an Ethernet physical layer circuit according to the research results. The application results show that the designed circuit is suitable for the field of train Ethernet communication, and has strong EMC protection ability and high reliability.

The air-film reinforced concrete spherical silo (hereinafter referred to as the air-film spherical silo) is a new type of storage structure. In order to explore the effect of the air-film spherical silo in a storage period, this paper takes the first air-film spherical silo in China as a research object and the wheat grain pile as the research target to reproduce the distribution of temperature field cloud map in the radial and vertical plane of wheat in the storage period by numerical fitting. Results showed that the air-film spherical silo had the characteristics of low silo temperature and average grain temperature. A huge and stable “cold core” formed inside the grain pile, effectively inhibiting the reproduction of pests. Therefore, the grains can safely pass the summer without the use of chemical fumigation in a whole grain storage period, which has a positive effect on promoting the development of low-temperature green grain storage technology.

Feature identification and manual inspection is currently still an integral part of biological data analysis in single-cell sequencing. Features such as expressed genes and open chromatin status are selectively studied in specific contexts, cell states or experimental conditions. While conventional analysis methods construct a relatively static view on gene candidates, artificial neural networks have been used to model their interactions after hierarchical gene regulatory networks. However, it is challenging to identify consistent features in this modeling process due to the inherently stochastic nature of these methods. Therefore, we propose using ensembles of autoencoders and subsequent rank aggregation to extract consensus features in a less biased manner. Here, we performed sequencing data analyses of different modalities either independently or simultaneously as well as with other analysis tools. Our resVAE ensemble method can successfully complement and find additional unbiased biological insights with minimal data processing or feature selection steps while giving a measurement of confidence, especially for models using stochastic or approximation algorithms. In addition, our method can also work with overlapping clustering identity assignment suitable for transitionary cell types or cell fates in comparison to most conventional tools.

Taking paddy as the research object,the integrated temperature and humidity sensors was used to carry out monitoring at different condensation prone locations by simulation of the actual granary.The temperature and relative humidity of different positions of grain stack from winter to summer were measured.Then the cloud map of the temperature field and humidity field of the paddy pile were drawn using Matrix Laboratory simulation software (abbreviated as MATLAB) to analyze the distribution of temperature and humidity fields of paddy.Based on the model of grain equilibrium absolute humidity and dew point temperature (CAE model),the different states (equilibrium state,saturation state,adsorption state or desorption state) of the dangerous point of rice pile were calculated,and the change rules were explored.The results of this paper will provide a theoretical basis for reducing grain storage loss and realizing grain storage safety.

Abstract Background Intraocular pressure (IOP) is an important physiological measure of the eye and is associated with some ocular disorders. We aimed to assess the influence of topical beta blocker-induced IOP reduction on lens-induced axial elongation in young guinea pigs. Methods The experimental study included 20 pigmented guinea pigs (age: 2–3 weeks). Myopia was induced in the right eyes for 5 weeks with − 10 diopter lenses. The right eyes additionally received either one drop of carteolol 2% (study group, n = 10) or one drop of artificial tears daily (control group, n = 10), while the contralateral eyes of all animals remained untouched. The outcome parameter was axial elongation during the follow-up period. The mean of all IOP measurements taken during the study was referred to as mean IOP. Results Greater axial elongation was associated with a shorter axial length at baseline (P 0.25). Conclusions In young guinea pigs with or without lens-induced axial elongation, neither the physiological IOP nor the IOP reduced by carteolol, a topical beta-blocker, was associated with the magnitude of axial elongation. These results suggest that IOP, regardless of whether it is influenced by carteolol, does not play a major role in axial elongation in young guinea pigs.

Objective To investigate the damage of seminiferous tubules in mice exposed to hypoxia and the effects of hypoxia on apoptosis of mouse spermatocytes in the seminiferous tubules. Methods Forty 3-week-old male Balb/c mice were randomly assigned into a normoxia group (housed in a normoxic condition at an altitude of 300 m) and 3 hypoxia groups exposed to hypoxia for 15, 30 or 60 d in a hypobaric chamber simulating the condition at an altitude of 6 000 m. After hypoxic exposures, the mice were euthanized and the testicular tissues were examined for pathological changes in the seminiferous tubules using HE and TUNEL staining. A mouse spermatocyte-derived cell line, GC-2spd, was also cultured in a normoxic condition or a hypoxic condition (1% O2 and 5% CO2) for 48, 60, or 72 h, and the cell apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry and TUNEL staining and by examining LDH, caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 levels in the culture medium. Results The apoptotic rates of the spermatocytes in the testicular seminiferous tubules of the mice increased significantly after hypoxic exposure for 15, 30 and 60 d as compared with the apoptosis rate of (4.6±1.4)% in the normoxia group (P < 0.01). In cultured GC-2spd cells, hypoxic exposure for 48, 60 and 72 h also significantly increased the cell apoptotic rate to (15.43±1.47)%, (44.10±14.10)% and (63.36±12.74)%, as compared with the rates of (4.18±1.40)%, (5.45%±2.30)%, and (14.47±8.21)% in the normoxia group, respectively (P < 0.01). Microscopically, the numbers of apoptotic spermatocytes per field were 22±3, 55±5, and 82±12 in the hypoxia group at 48, 60 and 72 h, respectively, significantly greater than those in the normoxia group (5±1, 8±2, and 15±4, respectively; P < 0.01). The absolute value of LDH activity in cultured GC-2spd cells at 48 h was significantly higher in the hypoxia group than in the normoxia group (1.28±0.18 vs 0.48±0.09, P < 0.01); the values of caspase-3/8/9 in the hypoxia group at 48 h were 12.20±0.40, 22.73±0.60, and 10.90±0.40, respectively, significantly higher than those in the normoxia group (7.67±0.45, 16.20±0.56, and 7.03±0.25, respectively, P < 0.01). Conclusion Exposure to hypoxia simulating the condition at an altitude of 6 000 m for 15 d can cause decreased spermatogenesis and increased apoptosis of the spermatogenic cells in mice, suggesting that spermatocyte apoptosis is one of the mechanisms by which hypobaric hypoxia reduces spermatogenesis.

Based on the theory of grain storage ecosystem, multi-field coupling and ventilation window, the dynamic analysis software of grain condition cloud map is researched and developed by WU model,sinusoidal model of grain temperature change, heat and mass transfer model and related empirical model.By drawing visual dynamic cloud maps of grain condition, combining with the warehouse types, grain storage characteristics and regional environment, the state and change of grain storage can be analyzed and predicted,then the quantity and quality can be distinguished.In addition, the software system has been applied and improved in the national warehouse inventory in 2018 and 2019.It provides effective technical support and tool services for the realization of the whole process of grain storage quantity and quality safety management.

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of in-vivo imaging of the retina and choroid using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) in guinea pigs.Methods: The study included 19 pigmented guinea pigs (age: 3–4 weeks) which underwent sonographic axial length measurements and OCT imaging. At study end, the animals were sacrificed and histomorphometric examinations of the retina and choroid were performed. We assessed the reproducibility of the OCT measurements and compared in-vivo measurements to histomorphometric data.Results: The mean thickness of the retina and choroid near the optic nerve head was 175.6 ± 25.8 and 63.4 ± 16.5 μm, respectively, and mean Bruch's membrane opening (BMO) diameter was 831 ± 121 μm. The intra-observer comparison of measurements of retinal thickness (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86–0.96; P < 0.001), choroidal thickness (ICC = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86–0.96; P < 0.001), and BMO diameter (ICC = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86–0.96; P < 0.001) showed a high correlation. A high agreement was present also for the inter-observer reproducibility of the measurements of retinal thickness (Pearson correlation coefficient (R) = 0.98; P < 0.001), choroidal thickness (R = 0.96; P < 0.001), and BMO diameter (R = 0.98; P < 0.001). The Bland-Altman plots showed that 2.6% (1/38), 5.3% (2/38), and 7.9% (3/38) of the measurement points of retinal thickness, choroidal thickness and BMO diameter, respectively, were located outside of the 95% limits of agreement. The OCT-based thickness measurements of retina and choroid were significantly higher than those measured by histomorphometry (both P-values

This study aimed to develop an automated computer-based algorithm to estimate axial length and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) based on color fundus photographs. In the population-based Beijing Eye Study 2011, we took fundus photographs and measured SFCT by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and axial length by optical low-coherence reflectometry. Using 6394 color fundus images taken from 3468 participants, we trained and evaluated a deep-learning-based algorithm for estimation of axial length and SFCT. The algorithm had a mean absolute error (MAE) for estimating axial length and SFCT of 0.56 mm [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.53,0.61] and 49.20 μm (95% CI: 45.83,52.54), respectively. Estimated values and measured data showed coefficients of determination of r2 = 0.59 (95% CI: 0.50,0.65) for axial length and r2 = 0.62 (95% CI: 0.57,0.67) for SFCT. Bland–Altman plots revealed a mean difference in axial length and SFCT of −0.16 mm (95% CI: −1.60,1.27 mm) and of −4.40 μm (95% CI, −131.8,122.9 μm), respectively. For the estimation of axial length, heat map analysis showed that signals predominantly from overall of the macular region, the foveal region, and the extrafoveal region were used in the eyes with an axial length of < 22 mm, 22–26 mm, and > 26 mm, respectively. For the estimation of SFCT, the convolutional neural network (CNN) used mostly the central part of the macular region, the fovea or perifovea, independently of the SFCT. Our study shows that deep-learning-based algorithms may be helpful in estimating axial length and SFCT based on conventional color fundus images. They may be a further step in the semiautomatic assessment of the eye.