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There is limited data from Arabic-speaking countries on risk factors for depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Country-specific data is necessary given differences in culture, demographics, and COVID-19 infection and mortality rates. The main purpose of the study is to identify the factors associated with symptoms of depression-anxiety in the adult population of Qatar during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey in Qatar between July and December 2020 after Qatar’s first COVID-19 wave and before the beginning of the second wave. Depression-anxiety was defined as a cut-off of 20 or higher on the Patient Health Questionnaire-Anxiety Depression Scale (PHQ-ADS). Of 1138 participants, 71.0% were female, 69.0% Arabs, 70.0% Non-Qataris, and 77.0% were

Background: There is limited data from Arabic-speaking countries on risk factors for depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Country-specific data is necessary given differences in culture, demographics, COVID-19 infection and mortality rates.Aim: To identify factors associated with symptoms of depression-anxiety in the adult population of Qatar during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.Method: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey in Qatar between July and December 2020 after the first COVID-19 wave and before the beginning of the second wave. Depression-anxiety was defined as a cut-off of 20 or higher on the PHQ-ADS scale. Results: Of 1138 participants, 71.05% were female, 69.0% Arabs, and 70.0% Non-Qataris. 77% were < 40 years (the median age in Qatar is 32 years). In a fully-adjusted model, six variables were significantly associated with PHQ-ADS; Arab ethnicity (OR=1.67, p=0.026), never married (OR=2.04, p < 0.001 (versus married), prior history of psychiatric disorder (versus no history) (OR=1.76, p=0.039), increased worries due to social media use for COVID-related news/updates (OR=1.72, p=0.003), those with a history of COVID-19 (OR=1.76, p=0.039), loneliness (OR=1.91, p < 0.001), and lower levels of religiosity (OR=0.96, p=0.039). These associations also pertained in the reduced model, with exception of religiosity which was only marginally statistically significant (OR=0.97, p=0.055).Conclusions: The potential risk factors identified may assist with anxiety and depression prevention in future COVID-19 waves, and similar crises, and assist with early intervention to treat sufferers.

In both public and private businesses, to capacity building and sustenance of competitive advantage, the necessity of effective leadership has remained critical. Yet, leadership effectiveness has continued to be a multi-dimensional construct, and not many efforts have been done to conceptualise models in this level. In view of the case of Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC), to attain a more reliable model that is suitable for modern organisations, the major objective of the current study was to update and empirically support the traditional Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness. Leader characteristics and hierarchy structure are not suitable factors of leadership behaviour in the organisation. To validate the Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness through the assistance of data collected in the current study, a final effort was made. Data validates the traditional model of leadership to a large degree; this is particularly factual for task-oriented leadership behaviour as contrasting to relationship-oriented leadership behaviour. Future researchers should consider activity-based constructs for the measurement of variables to find more significant and validate critical relationships in the model. Furthermore, the ADNOC and other corporations are recommended in the region stretch equal attention to male and female employees and leaders. Where leader-subordinate relationships are critical for complete organisational accomplishment, females would predominantly endeavour in positions.

To capacity building and sustenance of competitive advantage in both public and private businesses, the need for effective leadership has remained critical. However, leadership effectiveness has persisted a multi-dimensional construct, and not many efforts have been finished to conceptualise models in this extent. In view of the case of Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC), the major objective of the current study was to update and empirically support the traditional Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness to attain a more reliable model that is suitable for modern organisations. It was detected that leader characteristics and hierarchy structure are not decent factors of leadership behaviour in the organisation. A final effort was made to validate the Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness through the assistance of data collected in the current study. Data validates the traditional model of leadership to a large degree; this is particularly factual for task-oriented leadership behaviour as contrasting to relationship-oriented leadership behaviour. It is suggested that future researchers consider activity-based constructs for the measurement of variables to find more significant and validate critical relationships in the model. It is also suggested that ADNOC and other corporations in the region stretch equal attention to male and female employees and leaders. Females would predominantly endeavour in positions where leader-subordinate relationships are critical for complete organisational accomplishment.

The need for effective leadership has remained critical to capacity building and sustenance of competitive advantage in both public and private businesses. Nonetheless, leadership effectiveness has remained a multi-dimensional construct, and not many attempts have been made to conceptualise models in this area. Considering the case of Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC), the principal aim of the present study was to update and empirically support the traditional Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness in order to achieve a more credible model useful to contemporary organisations. It was observed that leader characteristics and hierarchy structure are not good determinants of leadership behaviour in the organisation. A final attempt was made to validate the Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness with the help of data gathered in the present study. Data validates the traditional model of leadership to a large extent; this is especially true for task-oriented leadership behaviour as opposed to relationship-oriented leadership behaviour. It is recommended that future researchers consider activity-based constructs for the measurement of variables to obtain more significant and validate critical relationships in the model. It is also recommended that ADNOC and other corporations in the region give equal attention to male and female employees and leaders. Females would particularly strive in positions where leader-subordinate relationships are critical for overall organisational success.

Studies in the renal transplant population have suggested calcium-channel blockers (CCBs) may protect against calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)-induced nephrotoxicity. However, this has not been evaluated in the hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) population. This retrospective study reviews data from 350 consecutive patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT to determine whether amlodipine improved renal outcomes. Subject data included up to one year from CNI initiation. Patients in the amlodipine group (n = 130) received an average of 143 days treatment with amlodipine and experienced a smaller decrease in creatinine clearance (CrCl) through day 180. At day 30, change in CrCl was -17.4 mL/min in the amlodipine cohort and -33.8 mL/min in the control (P < 0.001). At day 180, change in CrCl was -40.9 and -50.6 mL/min, respectively (P = 0.005). Incidence of hospitalization with acute kidney injury (AKI) was significantly lower in patients receiving amlodipine, 7.7% (10/132) vs 16.4% (36/220) (hazard ratio [HR] 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.22-0.89). Median blood pressure in the amlodipine group remained

Introduction: Recent evidence has shown that prolonged cardiac monitoring is superior to 24 hour Holter for detection of atrial fibrillation (AF). We compared two methods of prolonged monitoring in patients with acute ischemic stroke and TIAs. Objective: Comparison of the Cardiophone and Sorin monitor for detection of AF. Method: In the first part of the study (PEAACE I; 2011-2013), we used the spiderflash (Sorin, Italy) for up to 21 days of monitoring. In the second part (PEAACE II; 2013-2015), Cardiophone with real time monitoring of the heart rhythm for 14 days was used. Results: 102 patients in PEAACE I, (Mean age 72 +/-, 48.8% male) were compared to 120 patients in PEAACE II (Mean age 73 +/-, 70% male). Stroke type was “undetermined (cryptogenic) 92% and 91% in the two studies respectively. In PEAACE I, AF was detected in 43 out of 102 subjects (42%) (72% 30 seconds) with detection of 75% in the first week, 23% in the second, and 2% in the last week. In PEAACE II, 20 out of 120 subjects (17%) (70% 30 seconds) had AF, with 55% of detection in the first week, 45% in the second one (χ2 p=0.001). In PEAACE II, the results were available faster, within 2 days compared to 21 days in PEAACE I (χ2 p30 seconds) compared to 77% in PEAACE I (68% with AF 30 seconds) (χ2 p=0.021). Conclusion: There were significant differences noted in the rates of detection with the two techniques. Real-time monitoring resulted in recording of fewer events but lead to earlier initiation of treatment. All patients with >30 seconds of AF were anticoagulated whereas fewer patients with less than 30 seconds of AF were anticoagulated.