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The article first give a review more of hundret years long history of seamless steel tube production, especially during the last 15-20 years of the 20th century. Prolongation, article give technological indices for 4 mills (automatical, continuous mill, pilger, Assel), and perfectation of processes seamless steel tubes production at the begining of 21st century.

First the paper presents a review of steel production of the tubes in world: possible potencial is about 110 × 106 the tons (35 × 106 seamless tubes, rest welding tubes). In 2007. y. was record volume of 88,6 ×106 tons in world; 6,5% of total production of steel in world. Ratio-weldeds tubes: seamless tubes 70:30%. Further in the article are presented urgent the problems of the pipe and tube industry.