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To authenticate to the full-text of this article, please visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-5871.2008.00557.x Byline: ANDREW N. YUHAS (1,2), LOUIS A. SCUDERI (1,2) Keywords: NDVI; mortality; dieoff; NAM; MODIS; drought; monsoon Abstract: Abstract Vegetation stress or mortality can be the result of many factors including drought-induced water deficit, insect infestations and failures of, or fluctuations in, precipitation sources typical to an area. Reduction of cover and reduced health are identifiable in remotely-sensed multispectral satellite images. A suite of images from NASA's MODIS sensor was used to calculate the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) during the 2000-2006 North American growing seasons. Fluctuations in NDVI over this period show a significant decline in vegetative health in the region with specific areas showing changes linked to moisture sources, prevailing wind patterns, slope aspect and solar radiation receipt. Ground-truthing of these areas has confirmed the extent and magnitude of the dieoff signal. Historically, dieoff has been reversed through regeneration as climate conditions return to a normal regime. However, quantification of recent vegetative change in western North America suggests that the degree of change may be too severe for regrowth to occur and may have far-reaching impacts on a scale unseen in modern times. The loss of vegetative habitat and native species in semi-arid regions and lack of regeneration in these marginal ecosystems due to prolonged drought are growing global problems. Similar drought stress impacts on marginal ecotypes have also been observed in semi-arid regions of Australia, South America, Asia and Africa. Observations of the spatial pattern of temperate forest vegetation globally can be used to develop a precise picture of vegetative health in these regions and how they are reacting to global climate change. Author Affiliation: (1)Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Northrop Hall, MSC03-2040, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87131, USA. (2)Center for Rapid Environmental Assessment and Terrain Evaluation, University of New Mexico, 1601 Central Ave. NE, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87131, USA. Article History: Received 26 October 2007; Revised 6 June 2008; Accepted 22 September 2008 Article note: (*) Corresponding author. Email: ayuhas@unm.edu