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The article deals with the application of automated control systems for mechanical quantities and vibration diagnostics for draught-blowing machines of boiler units of thermal power plants of medium power in order to ensure their environmental and industrial safety. Draft blowers are technical devices operated at hazardous production facilities of thermal power plants as vibration control and monitoring systems in accordance with technical requirements. The requirements for the scope of control and measurement of technological and electrical parameters of draft machines, such as bearing temperature, medium temperature, discharge and suction pressure, electric motor currents, are considered. The authors propose two options for solving the problem of organizing monitoring of draft machines for thermal power plants. To determine the possibility of organizing a full-function monitoring of draft machines, a method for expert analysis of the technical and metrological characteristics of automated systems for monitoring vibration and mechanical quantities is proposed.

This article presents a classification of existing types of biofuels obtained from biomass. Pyrolytic methods of biomass processing are characterized. An experimental setup for producing hydrogen and carbon nanomaterials is presented. The purpose of the experiment was to determine the amount (liters) of produced biohydrogen per unit of time (hour). With an increase in the temperature of the process, the yield of finished products increased. The choice of the appropriate catalyst also plays an important role.

The present study considers the problem of obtaining promising renewable energy sources, in particular biofuel. Biomass is the main fuel for green energy accounting for two-thirds of renewable energy. Industry further development depends on improvement of used equipment and technologies. Biofuel usually contains significant amounts of harmful impurities that need to be isolated. The paper deals with the problems of centrifuge operation for the biofuel production. In particular, the most significant operation problem is the residual rotor imbalance which causes torsional oscillations that negatively affect the biodiesel production process and centrifuge reliability. A new technology for damping torsional vibrations of centrifugal device rotating system is described as well as adaptive module device for its implementation is developed. The module main feature is vibrations adaptive level of the rotor elements interaction with external environment. Computer simulation of the module operation process in ANSYS Fluent program was carried out. Data on the module efficiency depending on various factors in the dynamics of its work are obtained. The most effective device configuration is determined.

The article is devoted to modeling the process of electron beam welding in the manufacture of electric motors with a bimetallic ring used in biofuel preparation reactors. The main problem at the current stage of production is the choice of the technological mode of welding and the repeatability of the result. In this work, the authors simulate the welding of electric motors with a bimetallic ring under various technological modes in the ANSYS simulation environment in the process of electron beam welding. The result of the work will be a graphical representation of the temperature distribution on the surface of the product at various values of the technological parameters (electron beam current, welding speed and welding process time). Today, the choice of modes for a new technological process is carried out experimentally, which entails high material costs. The approach proposed by the authors allows, with minimal time and material costs, to select a technological mode for welding products from new alloys.

The presented work is devoted to the study of the effect of various values of the electron beam current on the distribution of the energy cross section of the weld when conducting the technological process of electron-beam welding of thin-walled structures. The work is used by the simulation system of COMSOL Multiphysics, in which mathematical models of energy distribution proposed by the authors are implemented with electron beam welding. Imitation modelling was carried out for two materials widely used in the aerospace industry: titan alloy BT14 and AMG aluminum alloy. The values of the parameters for which the simulation was carried out were selected as a result of the predetermined process of optimizing the technological mode of electron beam welding for the construction under study. In the process of the research, a change in the value of the electron beam current is carried out both in less and to the large side. The article presents visualization for the three values of the parameter under study for each material, which makes it possible to judge the effectiveness of the previously formed set of optimal parameter values.

The article presents mathematical heating model the flange is in process induction soldering of waveguides paths. In the quality of object of research stands out creation process all-in-one connections based on induction heating, or more precisely, patterns distributions energy over time by default flange size waveguide the route. Goal creating a model consists of in the upgrade process quality of management technological equipment process production facilities antenna-feeder devices based on the induction soldering technology. Developed by models can be used for adaptive management technological equipment process induction system soldering when production waveguide paths assemblies.

The article presents a mathematical model of pipe heating in the process of induction brazing of waveguide paths. The object of research is the technological process of induction brazing, in particular, the regularities of energy distribution over time over the volume of the pipe Assembly of the waveguide path. The purpose of creating the model is to improve the quality of control of the production process of waveguide paths based on induction heating. The presented models will be actively used in the development of an algorithm for adaptive (intelligent) control of the technological process of induction heating of waveguide path assemblies in order to achieve uniform heating of the brazed elements to form a high-quality one-piece connection.

The article discusses the current monoversion techniques in solving the problem of increasing the fault tolerance of software. The subject of research is the system of environmental monitoring of the technological process. Model examples demonstrate the algorithmization of the programming approaches used. As the first technique, a programming technique using Checkpoint is presented. The second technique is the programming technique using Checksums. Both techniques are designed to increase the fault tolerance of the developed specialized software systems.

The production of electrical energy from most of the thermal power plants currently in operation is achieved by converting the thermal energy generated by the combustion of hydrocarbons. At the same time, one of the central technological processes is the fuel preparation. The article considers the task of measuring the parameters of a drying unit used in dust preparation systems. A block diagram of a monitoring system with a multi-point principle for measuring process parameters is proposed. Such a plan for the placement of sensors makes it possible to implement a multi-version approach to the formation of measured parameters of the technological process, for which a generalized quality criterion is proposed.

The approaches are considered that provide an increase in the efficiency of technological measurements when monitoring production and environmental indicators of thermal power plants. The experience of expert evaluation of gas analytical systems is analyzed taking into account the technological parameters of equipment used in production processes at thermal power plants. The need for expert assessment is justified by the fact that currently there are no universal (generalized) formulas expressing the dependence of production and environmental parameters on each other or on the parameters of the technological process at thermal power plants. As practice shows, such dependencies are determined experimentally and most often with the involvement of specialists from commissioning organizations.

The paper introduces GERT-network optimization model for the technologies of hazardous manufacturing process management supported by the software of distributed production control systems. The development and implementation of the formal means for optimizing processes for the formation of managing hazardous industries using GERT-networks technology is presented. It allows to include into the model random deviations and uncertainty arising directly during the execution of each separate task of hazardous industries management technology.

In order to increase the information reliability of the hardware and software technology for industrial and environmental monitoring, we obtained models of the thermal power plants production processes that can give an assessment of a generalized quality criterion for the occurrence of such technological processes as the preparation of fuel, fuel combustion, removal of flue gases and suspended particles. To form the measured values of the parameters of each technological process, a multiversion approach is used, which is based on obtaining the n-th amount of measured data.

The equipment for production and environmental monitoring, which is operated at many thermal power plants of the Russian Federation at the lower level of systems for continuous monitoring of emissions, is considered. At this level, measurements are carried out on the basis of agreed and certified methods, the collection and conversion of primary information to a standard type, routine maintenance and monitoring of the functioning of measuring systems and auxiliary equipment. The choice of specific gas analytical systems is associated with certain difficulties, since they all have their own advantages and disadvantages, and for the optimal choice of equipment it is necessary to take into account many different factors and parameters. The expert analysis carried out can complement the results of a preliminary survey by personnel of pulverized coal-fired power plants or by a specialized organization that designs systems for continuous monitoring of emissions of such stations, used in the development of the reference terms.

The article discusses the possibility of using Russian stationary vibration and mechanical quantities control systems for electric power boilers of thermal power plants, in particular, the implementation of automated control of absolute vibration bearing, axial shear and speed with the requirements of regulatory documents. A review and analysis of the market of stationary systems for monitoring vibration and mechanical quantities, their technical and metrological characteristics was carried out. The possibility of integrating Russian stationary systems for monitoring vibration and mechanical quantities into automated process control systems of thermal power plants, their application in various subsystems, including the subsystem of technological protection and safety locks, is considered. An assessment was made of compliance with regulatory documents governing the construction of such systems, taking into account the requirements of supervisory authorities.