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Exchange interactions and Curie temperatures of CoFeCrZ (Z = P, As, Sb, Ge) quaternary Heusler alloys are studied by using the spin-polarized relativistic Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker method. Electronic calculations show that the CoFeCrZ alloys apart from CoFeCrP are ferromagnetic half-metals, and their integer magnetic moments obey the Slater-Pauling rule. It is confirmed that the calculated Curie temperatures are evidently higher than room temperature. Further, we discuss the dependency of magnetic moments and Curie temperatures with respect to lattice constants. A smaller Gilbert damping parameters imply that these alloys have lower energy loss in spintronics applications. In addition, the thermoelectric properties of CoFeCrZ in both spin channels are calculated based on the BoltzTrap code. Results indicate that the Seebeck coefficients of CoFeCrZ (Z = As, Sb, Ge) are remarkably higher than 1000 μ V / K . Overall, we think that the CoFeCrAs, CoFeCrSb and CoFeCrGe alloys are promising candidates in future spintronic and thermoelectric applications.

Inositol 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate (IP3) signaling-mediated calcium release drives the contraction of vascular smooth muscles and hence regulates blood vessel volume and blood pressure. Melatonin supplementation has been suggested to be beneficial for hypertension. To determine whether the blood pressure-lowering effect of melatonin was accounted for by IP3 signaling, we evaluated the vasoconstriction response and IP3 signaling in isolated mouse thoracic aortic rings during melatonin incubation. C57BL/6 mice were given intraperitoneal injections daily with melatonin, and the systolic blood pressure and contractility of aortic rings from melatonin-treated mice were decreased, and the contraction suppression effect of melatonin was attributed to the impaired expression of contractile proteins in vascular smooth muscle cells rather than IP3 signaling. Our results further showed that melatonin increased the expression of γ-secretase, which could cleave and release the notch intracellular domain, and the notch intracellular domain prevented the transcription of contractile genes by interfering with the interaction between serum response factor and myocardin, the master regulator of contractile protein. In this article, we report a novel mechanism by which melatonin regulates smooth muscle contractility that does not depend on IP3 signaling.

To observe the effect of acupuncture of "Yinlingquan"(SP9) and "Sanyinjiao"(SP6) on expression of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target protein of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) signaling in adjuvant arthritis (AA) rats, so as to explore its mechanism underlying improvement of AA.Forty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control, AA model, acupuncture and medication (tripterygium wilfordii) groups, with 12 rats in each group. The AA model was established by putting the rats in a windy, cold and wet environment for 12 h, once every day for 21 days and injection of Freund's complete adjuvant (CFA) into the sole of the right hindlimb on the 21Compared with the normal control group, the joint swel-ling degree and AI, contents of serum TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-17, and the expression levels of PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, mTOR and p-mTOR in the synovium were increased in the model group (Acupuncture can relieve the inflammatory reactions and joint synovial injury of the affected joint in AA rats which may be associated with its effects in inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling and increasing the auto-phagy level of synovial cells.

We systematically study the electronic and magnetic properties of Zr2CoZ (Z = Al, Ga, In, Tl, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) compounds by using the first-principle calculations, and further focus on exploring their exchange interactions and Curie temperatures. Results exhibit that Zr2CoGa, Zr2CoIn and Zr2CoTl compounds show a high spin polarization. Moreover, the Heisenberg calculations imply that the Zr(A)-Zr(B), Zr(A)-Zr(A) and Zr(A)-Co(C) exchanges in interactions significantly affect the Curie temperature. In contrast, the Zr(B)-Zr(B), Zr(B)-Co(C) and Co(C)-Co(C) exchanges almost are limited to 15 meV in all cases. Based on these calculated exchange coupling parameters, Curie temperatures are evaluated by adopting the mean field approximation and Monte Carlo simulation, it is found that the Curie temperatures of Zr2CoZ (Z = Al, Ga, In, Tl, Sn, Pb) are noticeably higher than room temperature, indicating that they are promising candidates for spintronics applications.

1,8-cineole is a natural monoterpene cyclic ether present in eucalyptus and has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The therapeutic effects of 1,8-cineole on neuropathic pain and the molecular mechanisms of its pharmacological actions remain largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the analgesic mechanisms of orally administered 1,8-cineole in a rat model of chronic constriction injury (CCI) and examined the drug-induced modulation of P2X3 receptor expression in dorsal root ganglia. The mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency were measured in rats to assess behavioural changes 7 and 14 days after CCI surgery. Changes in P2X3 receptor mRNA expression of L4-5 dorsal root ganglia were analysed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction at the 7th and 14th postoperative day. Additionally, we examined the expression of P2X3 receptor protein in L4-5 dorsal root ganglia 7 and 14 days after surgery using immunohistochemistry and western blots. We found that 1,8-cineole can alleviate pathological pain caused by P2X3 receptor stimulation and explored new methods for the prevention and treatment of neuropathic pain.

A series of coumarin-3-carboxamides/hydrazides have been designed and synthesized, all the target compounds were evaluated in vitro for their antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria solani, Gibberella zeae, Rhizoctorzia solani, Cucumber anthrax and Alternaria leaf spot, some of the designed compounds 4a-4g exhibited potential activity in the primary assays, this highlighted by the compounds 4a, 4d, 4e and 4f, EC50 values of which against Rhizoctorzia solani were as low as 1.80 μg/mL, 2.50 μg/mL, 2.25 μg/mL and 2.10 μg/mL, respectively, exhibiting more effective control with that of the positive control than Boscalid. Furthermore, compounds 4a and 4e represented equivalent antifungal activity with Boscalid against Botrytis cinerea.

Transplantation of Schwann cells (SCs) can promote axonal regeneration and formation of the myelin sheath, reduce inflammation, and promote repair to the damaged nerve. Our previous studies have shown that transplantation of free or micro-encapsulated olfactory ensheathing cells can relieve neuropathic pain. There are no related reports regarding whether the transplantation of micro-encapsulated SCs can alleviate neuropathic pain mediated by P2X2/3 receptors. In the present study, we micro-encapsulated SCs in alginic acid and transplanted them into the region surrounding the injured sciatic nerve in the rat model of chronic constriction injury (CCI). The mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency were measured to assess changes in behavior 14 days after the surgery in CCI model rats. Ultrastructural changes in the injured sciatic nerve were assessed using transmission electron microscopy. Co-expression of P2X2/3 receptors with other markers in neurons in the L4-5 dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were assessed using double-label immunofluorescence 14 days after surgery. We determined P2X2/3 mRNA expression and protein level changes in the DRG using quantitative real-time polymerase change reaction technology and Western blotting analysis. We have investigated that the transplantation of micro-encapsulated SCs can alleviate pathological pain caused by P2X2/3 receptor stimulation and explored new methods for the prevention and treatment of neuropathic pain.

Schwann cell transplantation is a promising method to promote neural repair, and can be used for peripheral nerve protection and myelination. Microcapsule technology largely mitigates immune rejection of transplanted cells. We previously showed that microencapsulated olfactory ensheathing cells can reduce neuropathic pain and we hypothesized that microencapsulated Schwann cells can also inhibit neuropathic pain. Rat Schwann cells were cultured by subculture and then microencapsulated and were tested using a rat chronic constriction injury (CCI) neuropathic pain model. CCI rats were treated with Schwann cells or microencapsulated Schwann cells and were compared with sham and CCI groups. Mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency were assessed preoperatively and at 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 14 days postoperatively. The expression of P2X3 receptors in L4-5 dorsal root ganglia of the different groups was detected by double-label immunofluorescence on day 14 after surgery. Compared with the chronic constriction injury group, mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency were higher, but the expression of P2X3 receptors was remarkably decreased in rats treated with Schwann cells and microencapsulated Schwann cells, especially in the rats transplanted with microencapsulated Schwann cells. The above data show that microencapsulated Schwann cell transplantation inhibits P2X3 receptor expression in L4-5 dorsal root ganglia and neuropathic pain.

Ran is involved in response to external stimuli. In this study, six MsRan gene cDNA sequences were isolated from wild banana (Musa spp. AB group) from Sanming City, China. Sequence analysis reveals that MsRan3A, MsRan3A-1a, and MsRan3C contained Ran protein domains including a GTP hydrolysis domain, a RanGAP-binding domain, and an acidic tail, whereas two G boxes (G4 and G5) were absent in MsRan3A-6a. The physicochemical property of MsRan3A, MsRan3A-1a, MsRan3A-6a, and MsRan3C appeared to differ significantly. Real time quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis indicates that MsRan3A-1, MsRan3A-5, MsRan3A-6, MsRan3A-6a, and MsRan3C-1 were expressed in roots, leaves, peduncles, bracts, flowers, peels, and pulp of the wild banana. MsRan3A-1a was expressed at extremely low levels in these tissues and was undetectable by qPCR. The MsRan genes were found to be involved in responses to a low temperature stress but with different response patterns. Furthermore, salicylic acid significantly enhanced MsRan gene expressions suggesting the involvement of these genes in salicylic acid signal transduction.

Dephosphorylation of biomolecules under the catalysis of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a critical physiological process. Abnormal levels of ALP activity have been associated with a number of diseases; thus, a simple and sensitive assay of ALP activity is highly demanded. Herein, to simulate biological conditions, we labeled a hydrosoluble phosphorylated heptapeptide Gly-Pro-Gly-Asn-p-Tyr-Gly-Ala (pGA) with aminated heptamethine cyanine dye (Cy) to give a low fluorescent labeled peptide Cy-pGA. The synthesized Cy-pGA and Eu3+-doped oxide Y0.6Eu0.4VO4 nanoparticles (NPs) were employed respectively as acceptor and donor to in situ form a non-fluorescent Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) Cy-pGA-NP system, with the help of the strong interaction between Eu3+ ions in the NPs and phosphate group in Cy-pGA. The breaking of the FRET system of Cy-pGA-NP was triggered by the removal of phosphate group in Cy-pGA catalyzed by ALP and resulting in the release of fluorescent Y0.6Eu0.4VO4 NPs. Thus, the formed Cy-pGA-NP as a sensitive sensor can very well respond to the activity of ALP by measuring the time-resolved fluorescent intensity at near-infrared 617 nm (λ ex = 320 nm, delay time 400 μs). This sensor can not only accurately measure the activity of ALP (1–5 mU/mL) in the designed solutions, but it can also be applied to detect the activity of ALP in biological samples, such as cell lysate and human serum, without the interference of autofluorescent background of biosamples and screen ALP inhibitor by a simple mix-and-measure manner.

Using full-potential local-orbital minimum-basis along with spin-polarized relativistic Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker methods, we study the electronic, Fermi surface, Curie temperature and optical properties of Zr2CoAl alloy. The alloy with Li2AgSb and Cu2MnAl structures are compared in terms of magnetic properties, and the electronic structures in two structures are also discussed. According to the calculated electronic states, it finds that the Zr2CoAl with Li2AgSb structure is half-metallic ferromagnet with an integral magnetic moment of 2.00 μ B , meanwhile we also notice the d-d and p-d hybridizations are responsible for the formation of minority-spin gap, furthermore, the fat-bands are applied to discuss the mixture between d and p electrons in the vicinity of the Fermi level. The Fermi surfaces related to the valence bands are constructed, and it is found that the spin-up valence bands 26, 27 and 28 across the Fermi energy dominate the nature of electrons. By mapping the system onto a Heisenberg Hamiltonian, we obtain the exchange coupling parameters, and observe that the Zr(A)-Co(C) and Zr(A)-Zr(B) interactions provide a major contribution for exchange interactions. Based on the calculated exchange coupling parameters, the Curie temperature is estimated to be 287.86 K at equilibrium, and also the dependence of Curie temperature on lattice constant related to the tunable Curie temperature in Zr2CoAl alloy is studied. Finally, we report the optical properties of Zr2CoAl alloy, and present the photon energy dependence of the absorption, the optical conductivity and the loss function.

Using the spin-polarized relativistic Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker method, we study the exchange interactions and Curie temperatures of Fe 2 Ni Z ( Z = Al, Ga, Si, Ge) with the Hg 2 CuTi structure. The Heisenberg exchange coupling parameters and Curie temperatures are obtained by calculating the exchange interactions between the constituents. It is found the nearest neighbor exchanges play a leading role in interactions, the calculated Curie temperatures, which are higher than the room temperature, decrease when changing Z from III to IV group. In addition, we study the influence of lattice constant on magnetic moments and Curie temperatures. It is found the Fe magnetic moments become more larger due to the reduction of atomic orbital overlap as the expansion of lattice parameters. Only small changes are observed for the moment of Ni atom, while for the Z atom, the magnetic moment is nearly constant. Finally, the Curie temperatures of Fe 2 Ni Z compounds under different lattice constants are acquired by using the mean-field approximation.

Osthole is a natural coumarin derivative and has a broad scope of biological activities. Two series of novel fused osthole analogues were designed, and synthesized through a highly efficient microwave-promoted synthetic protocol via the reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarins and β-ketoesters. The reaction conditions including solvent, catalyst, microwave power and irradiation time were also optimized. The pyrano[3,2-c]chromene-2,5-diones and furo[3,2-c]coumarins were obtained through two distinct intramolecular cyclization processes, and the proposed mechanism was also discussed.

A non-fluorescent self-assemblage of Y 0.6 Eu 0.4 VO 4 nanoparticle (NP) and heptamethine cyanine dye bearing phosphate group p-Cy7-A, NP-p-Cy7-A, was the first constructed and used as an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) sensor. Herein, Y 0.6 Eu 0.4 VO 4 NP and new synthesized p-Cy7-A were employed respectively as donor and acceptor of Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer. With the help of phosphate group, p-Cy7-A as a dark quencher was captured on Y 0.6 Eu 0.4 VO 4 NP surface to form non-fluorescent NP-p-Cy7-A in situ. The disintegration of NP-p-Cy7-A was triggered by the removal of phosphate group in p-Cy7-A catalyzed by ALP, and released fluorescent Y 0.6 Eu 0.4 VO 4 NP. Thus NP-p-Cy7-A assemblage as a selective and sensitive sensor can very well responded to the amount and activity of ALP by measuring the fluorescent intensity at 620 nm (excited at 270 nm). This sensor can not only accurately measure the concentration of ALP (0.03–1.65 U/mL), but also be applied to detect the activity of ALP and screen its inhibitor by a simple mix-and-measure manner.

The synthesis of novel coumarin[8,7-e][1,3]oxazine derivatives through a microwave-assisted three-component one-pot Mannich reaction is described in this study. All the target compounds were evaluated in vitro for their antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum capsici, Alternaria solani, Gibberella zeae, Rhizoctonia solani, and Alternaria mali. The preliminary bioassays showed that 5e, 5m, and 5s exhibited good antifungal activity and the most active compound was 5m with an [Formula: see text] value as low as 2.1 nM against Botrytis cinerea.

The electronic, elastic, and thermodynamic properties of CoBi3 superconductor are investigated by means of first-principles calculations along with the quasi-harmonic Debye model. Our results reveal that the calculated lattice constants are in good agreement with the experimental data. The electronic density of states (DOS) in the vicinity of the Fermi level are dominated by Co- 3d and Bi- 6p states, which are crucial for superconductivity. The elastic constants of CoBi3 superconductor are calculated, and the bulk modulus, shear modulus, and Young’s modulus have been evaluated. In addition, the ductility behavior is also predicted. Finally, using a quasi-harmonic Debye model, the Debye temperature, the heat capacity, the coefficient of thermal expansion, and the Gruneisen parameter are obtained.

Using full-potential local-orbital minimum-basis method within density functional theory (DFT), we study the electronic and magnetic properties of ideal and defective Ti2NiIn Heusler alloy. The ideal Ti2NiIn exhibits a half-metallic ferromagnetic behavior with a total magnetic moment of 3.000 μ B and a band gap 0.394 eV, which is promising for fabricating spin injection devices as the Fermi level is located in the middle of band gap. Among these studied defects, only NiIn antisite as well as Ti(A) and Ti(B) vacancies retain the half-metallicity. However, the remaining defects destroy the half-metallicity. The calculations of formation energy indicate that Ti(A) vacancy can be spontaneously formed during the fabrications of the alloy. In addition, we also discuss the electronic and magnetic properties under different defects.

Using first-principles calculations, we systematically study Gilbert damping, electronic, magnetic and Curie temperatures of CrScCoZ (Z = B, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) quaternary Heusler alloys. Thermodynamical stable is estimated by using formation energy and phase separation, and their elastic constants meet the mechanical stable conditions apart from CrScCoSi alloy. For all alloys, a small Gilbert damping parameters at ambient temperature imply their lower energy loss as spintronics materials. Electronic calculations show that the CrScCoZ have a half-metallic nature, and of which the total magnetic moments obey the Slater-Pauling rule, and the presence of disorder reduces their spin polarization. Analysis of orbital population and density of states confirms that the exchange splitting between e g and t 2 g states leads to the formation of gap. Based on the calculated sum of exchange interactions, we demonstrate that the Cr(A)-Cr(A) and Co(C)-Cr(A) exchanges play a leading role in interactions, thus determine the Curie temperatures. Curie temperatures in CrScCoZ alloys are evidently higher than room temperature. Overall, we think that CrScCoZ alloys are promising candidates in future spintronic applications.

As an intractable health threat, neuropathic pain is now a key problem in clinical therapy, which can be caused by lesions affecting the peripheral nervous systems. 1,8-cineole is a natural monoterpene cyclic ether present in eucalyptus and has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Research has shown that 1,8-cineole inhibits P2X3 receptor-mediated neuropathic pains in dorsal root ganglion. The P2X2 and P2X3 receptors participate in the transmission of algesia and nociception information by primary sensory neurons. In the present study, We thus investigated in the spinal cord dorsal horn whether 1,8-cineole inhibits the expression of P2X2 receptor-mediated neuropathic pain. This study used rats in five random groups: group of chronic constriction injury(CCI) with dimethysulfoxide control (CCI + DMSO); group of CCI; sham group(Sham); group of CCI treated with a low dose 1,8-cineole (CCI + 50 mg/kg); group of CCI with a high dose (CCI + 100 mg/kg). We observed the effects of 1,8-cineole on thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) and mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT). We examined P2X2 receptors mRNA change in rat spinal cord dorsal horn by In situ nucleic acid hybridization(ISH) and Quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) methods. Western Blotting and Immunohistochemical staining methods were used to observe P2X2 receptor protein expressions in the rat spinal cord dorsal horn. It demonstrated that oral administration of 1,8-cineole inhibits over-expression of P2X2 receptor protein and mRNA in the spinal cord and dorsal horn in the CCI rats. And the study explored new methods for the prevention and treatment of neuropathic pain.

Using full-potential local-orbital minimum-basis method within density functional theory, we study the phase transition, electronic and magnetic properties of CsN and RbN alloys under external pressure. Concerning the phase transition, we consider three possible crystal structures, including caesium chloride (CsCl), rock salt (RS) and zinc blende (ZB) ones. Calculations of enthalpy exhibit that a pressure-induced phase transition occurs between the three structures, and the phase transitions are difficult to be distinguished under ambient condition (P = 0 GPa). As the further increase of pressure, they can be specified clearly. In addition, the electronic calculations indicate that both alloys are half-metallic ferromagnets with a total magnetic moment of 2.000 mu B, which is promising for fabricating spin injection devices. Finally, we discuss the electronic and magnetic properties of CsN and RbN under external pressure. A pressure-induced delocalized electronic states and magnetic phase transition are observed in RbN and CsN alloys.

Using the full-potential local-orbital minimum-basis method within the framework of density functional theory, we study the electronic, magnetic and Fermi properties of three quaternary Heusler compounds: NiCoCrAl, NiCoCrGa and NiFeCrGa. Results identify that these compounds are half-metallic ferromagnets with integer spin magnetic moment, and their spin moments follow the Slater–Pauling rule. Accordingly, the origin of gap and magnetic moment are also discussed. In addition, the Fermi surface is further plotted to explore the behavior of electronic states in the vicinity of Fermi level for these compounds. Finally, we argue the influence of tetragonal deformation on electronic and magnetic properties. Meanwhile, the possible L2 1 disorder is also discussed for NiCoCrAl and NiCoCrGa.

Dephosphorylation of biomolecules under the catalysis of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a critical physiological process. Abnormal levels of ALP activity have been associated with a number of diseases; thus, a simple and sensitive assay of ALP activity is highly demanded. Herein, to simulate biological conditions, we labeled a hydrosoluble phosphorylated heptapeptide Gly-Pro-Gly-Asn-p-Tyr-Gly-Ala (pGA) with aminated heptamethine cyanine dye (Cy) to give a low fluorescent labeled peptide Cy-pGA. The synthesized Cy-pGA and Eu

Plant somatic embryogenesis (SE) is similar to zygotic embryogenesis and considered as a potential model for studying the regulation of gene expression during plant embryogenesis. Ran protein was shown to be crucial in longan SE. Ran is a highly conserved Small GTPase that plays crucial roles in multiple biological processes, such as cell proliferation. The function of Ran has been extensively studied in past years, but regulation of Ran expression remains elusive. In this study, 11 Ran 3′-untranslated regions (3′UTR) differing in their sequences and length were demonstrated and long 3′UTR contain more putative miRNA target sites. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qPCR) was employed to study expression of Ran 3′UTRs during longan SE. We showed that Ran 3′UTRs developmentally expressed during longan SE without lengthening as SE progress. Our results demonstrated that Ran 3′UTRs were highly expressed at the developmental stages of somatic embryogenesis that the cells divided rapidly and supported the role of Ran in cell proliferation. Developmental regulation of Ran 3′UTRs lengthen during longan SE suggested that the polymorphism of be Ran 3′UTRs could be functional.

Based on the microwave-assisted synthetic protocol developed in our previous work, we have synthesized a series of novel furo[3,2-c]coumarins as fused Osthole derivatives, via the reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarins and β-ketoesters catalyzed by DMAP. All the target compounds were evaluated in vitro for their antifungal activity against six phytopathogenic fungi, some compounds exhibited potential activity in the primary assays. Especially compounds 6c, 7b, 8b and 8c (shown in Fig. 1) were the most active ones, EC50 values of these four compounds against Colletotrichum capsica, Botrytis cinerea and Rhizoctonia solani were further investigated. 6c was identified as the most promising candidate with the EC50 value at 0.110 μM against Botrytis cinerea and 0.040 μM against Colletotrichum capsica, respectively, representing better antifungal activity than that of the commonly used fungicide Azoxystrobin.

To clone and examine expression profiles of DlRan genes during somatic embryogenesis in Dimocarpus longan Lour. Thirty cDNA sequences and two genomic sequences encoding DlRan proteins were isolated from longan embryogenic cultures. Structural analysis of DlRan genes revealed that the longan Ran gene family is more expanded than that of Arabidopsis. Expression analysis of DlRan genes during somatic embryogenesis uncovered a high abundance of DlRan genes in early embryogenic cultures and heart- and torpedo-shaped embryos. The expression of DlRan genes in embryogenic calli was affected by exogenous 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid treatment. DlRan is involved in 2,4-D induced somatic embryogenesis and development of somatic embryos in longan. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40064-016-1887-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

article i nfo Petrology, geochemistry and Re-Os isotopes of peridotite xenoliths from Yantai (Shandong Province) are reportedinthispaperwith aimsof constrainingthe ageandevolutionofthelithosphericmantlebeneath eastern North China Craton. The Yantai xenoliths contain predominant harzburgites and subordinate lherzolites. Al- though their highly incompatible element compositions have been modified by metasomatism, the heavy rare earth element (REE) and Y contents in the Yantai peridotites are primarily governed by partial melting, which startedingarnetstability fieldthencontinuedinspinelstability fieldafterbreakdownofgarnettotwopyroxenes and spinel. Such a polybaric melting produced a residual mantle in which degree of depletion decreases with depth. Os isotopic ratios of the most refractory peridotites (Al2O3b1.2 wt.%) range from 0.117 to 0.126, yielding TRD model ages between 0.5 and 1.7 Ga. This suggests co-existence of Phanerozoic and Proterozoic mantle be- neath Shandong Province. Alternatively, the whole lithospheric mantle beneath Yantai was likely formed during the Phanerozoic, given the resemblance of their Os isotopic ratios with those of abyssal peridotites. The latter in- terpretation is consistent with the fact that all the studied samples plot along the oceanic trend in a plot of forsterite content in olivine versus olivine mode. It also gains further support from the contrasting eNd between the late Mesozoic lithospheric mantle and Cenozoic mantle beneath the region. The data presented in this study therefore argue for a complete replacement of the cratonic mantle by upwelling asthenosphere.

The aim of the current study was to investigate the influence of downregulating high-mobility group protein A1 (HMGA1) on the tumor gene and the mechanisms underlying the antitumor of HMGA1. The efficient short/small hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) of HMGA1 were constructed and transfected into human ovarian carcinoma OVCAR cells. The changes were identified by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), Western blotting, methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium, and invasion assay. The knockdown of HMGA1 expression in OVCAR cells could obviously change cell morphology, decrease cell proliferation, and reduce invasion in vitro. BALB/C nude mice injected with OVCAR cells transfected HMGA1 shRNA showed a significantly lower tumor weight and volume than those in the control group. Taken together, HMGA1 knockdown could reduce the growth and metastasis potentials of OVCAR cells.

Through access to information and investigation, and on the basis of investigation report China students constitution and health in 2000 data, through the methods of mathematical statistics and comparative research, pupils in Hainan province and the national primary physical function (quiet pulse, vital capacity) analysis and research the development indexes. The results show that Hainan primary school students' body function indexes were lower than the national average level.

A successive quadratic programming algorithm for solving SDP relaxation of Max-Bisection is provided and its convergence result is given. The step-size in the algorithm is obtained by solving n easy quadratic equations without using the linear search technique. The numerical experiments show that this algorithm is rather faster than the interior-point method.