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This study aims to determine the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Behavioural Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-4 (C-BREQ-4) within the context of the adolescent population in China. A total of 846 Chinese adolescents (389 males and 457 females, comprising 411 secondary school students and 435 high school students), aged 12-18, with a mean (x̅) age of 14.67 (±1.45) years, participated in this study. The C-BREQ-4 was tested for convergent, discriminant, structural and criterion validity, internal consistency reliability, and cross-gender and grade invariance. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) revealed that the measurement model of the C-BREQ-4 with seven factors and 26 items had a good data fit. The 7-factor, 26-item C-BREQ-4 had good discriminant and convergent validity and internal consistency reliability. The correlation between the factors moderated by different motives supports the quasi-unitary model hypothesised by SDT, which provides support for the structural validity of the C-BREQ-4. Different association patterns were found between different motivational regulations and behavioural outcomes (physical activity; PA), a result that provides support for the criterion validity of the 7-factor, 26-item C-BREQ-4. Multi-group CFA showed evidence favouring the 7-factor, 26-item C-BREQ-4 remaining consistent across gender and grade levels. The C-BREQ-4 is a useful and robust measurement tool for assessing 7-factor motivational regulation in a Chinese adolescent population, adding evidence to the cross-cultural applicability of the BREQ-4. Furthermore, it can be used to better understand different types of motivational regulation in adolescent populations.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the determinants influencing green mindfulness among university students in Malaysia within the context of the Malaysia 2030 Agenda, focusing on Sustainable Development Goal 17 attainment. Design/methodology/approach: The research uses a quantitative approach with a sample of 203 young adults. It explores the factors of goal difficulty, knowledge and awareness, spirituality, values and perceived university environmental responsibility (PUER), using a novel theoretical framework termed universal identity theory (IT). Findings: Values, knowledge and awareness and PUER significantly contribute to green mindfulness, whereas spirituality and goal difficulty did not exhibit a substantial relationship to green mindfulness. Research limitations/implications: Limited representation of diverse age groups and the potential influence of seniority on spirituality. Future research should expand the framework to include green behavior and performance, increase the sample size and consider a broader age demographic. Practical implications: Universities play a crucial role in promoting green mindfulness through the establishment of rules, regulations, environmental initiatives, incentive systems and the introduction of a green mindfulness course. Clear communication channels and top-down approaches are recommended. Social implications: This research contributes to understanding the mechanisms that induce green mindfulness among university students in Malaysia, aligning with national and global sustainability goals. Originality/value: The universal IT provides a comprehensive understanding of how personal, social and community-based identities collectively influence green mindfulness. This theoretical perspective contributes to the environmental psychology and sustainability studies field, offering a culturally sensitive approach.

Imam Abu al-Hasan al-Ash‘ari (Imam Ash‘ari) produced various works that discuss the authentic manhaj (methodology) of engaging with Sifat Khabariyyah. He adopted two distinct approaches through different writings: the Ithbat and Tafwid. Among the challenges that arose were the differing views of later scholars regarding Imam Ash‘ari’s final manhaj. This led proponents of sect Ithbat to question the sect of Tafwid and vice versa. Unlike the phenomenon of ikhtilaf, this study seeks to identify the manhaj (methodology) adopted by Imam Ash‘ari in his work, al-Ibanah, by referencing three distinct text versions. This research aims to ascertain the concepts and principles of Ithbat that Imam Ash'ari affirmed in al-Ibanah. The study employs a qualitative approach, applying library research techniques, including data collection and analysis. The findings indicate that in al-Ibanah, Imam Ash‘ari adopted the manhaj al-Ithbat bi-la Kayfiyyah, affirming attributes like istiwa’, nuzul, wajh, yad, ‘ayn, and curb, while negating al-hudud, such as corporeality, physical composition, spatial location, movement or displacement, sitting, and other similar traits. These findings can serve as a foundation for reconciling the sects of Ithbat and Tafwid, thereby strengthening the Muslim community's comprehension of the categorisation of Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama‘ah scholars into three groups: Ahl al-Hadith, Ash‘ariyyah, and Maturidiyyah.

Abstract In the present study, a cost-effective and eco-friendly approach is being explored to remove the harmful dye Congo red from synthetic wastewater, using an equatorial strain of Rhodococcus biphenylivorans. The immobilized cells’ Congo red-decolorizing activity in calcium alginate showed an increase of 217% compared to the free cells. By improving the alginate concentration to 4% (w/v), the bead diameter to 3 mm and using 50 beads, a 67% decrease in the time required for complete decolorization was accomplished. Both free and immobilized cells followed first-order kinetics for the elimination of Congo red, with immobilized cells displaying a decolorization rate 3.2 times greater than that of free cells, resulting in an 84% reduction in half-life. The immobilized cells displayed the capability to remove 0.10 g/L Congo red without any significant decline in their efficiency for up to twelve cycles, offering an economic advantage due to their reusability. Examining the decolorized products of Congo red showed no hindrance in the germination of Triticum aestivum and Vigna radiata, indicating the effective removal of all toxic components from the original dye via the biological method. Therefore, this strain has significant potential as a biological agent to eliminate wastewater contaminated with Congo red efficiently.

BackgroundPrevious studies have reported on the impact of Speed, Agility, and Quickness (SAQ) training on the performance of soccer players. However, there is still controversy regarding the results. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to accurately assess the effects of SAQ training on the performance of soccer players.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive search on March 15, 2024, using Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCOhost. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies were established based on the PICOS framework: (i) Population-healthy soccer players; (ii) Intervention-SAQ training; (iii) Comparison condition (conventional training or traditional training); (iv) Outcome-physical performance (speed, agility, strength, etc.); (v) Study design-randomized controlled trials. The PEDro scale was employed to evaluate the methodological quality of each study, and a random-effects model was used for the meta-analysis.ResultsA total of 11 studies met the inclusion criteria for the systematic literature review. One study with low PEDro score was excluded, and one was excluded based on Cochrane bias risk assessment. Finally, 9 studies were included in the meta-analysis, comprising 498 soccer players. Overall, the results indicated a significant impact of SAQ training on physical qualities and dribbling speed among soccer players. Specifically, there was a moderate effect size for sprint performance (5m, 10m, 20m) (ES = 0.75; p < 0.01), change of direction ability (COD) (ES = 0.35; p < 0.001), power (vertical and horizontal jumps) (ES = 0.67; p < 0.01), while flexibility showed no significant impact (ES = 0.11; p > 0.05). Moreover, change-of-direction dribbling demonstrated a significant effect (ES = 0.58; p < 0.01).ConclusionOverall, SAQ training effectively enhances speed, COD, explosiveness, and change-of-direction dribbling specific performance in adolescent soccer players, particularly in sprinting. However, it does not have an advantage in improving flexibility. Further high-quality studies encompassing a broader range of exercises are needed to fully determine the effectiveness of SAQ training in improving other physical qualities and technical skills of soccer players, as well as ultimately enhancing match performance.

Although the preservation of the Indonesian culture is deemed beneficial, the lack of folklore texts readily available for instructional purposes makes teaching and learning the Indonesian culture challenging. This study aims to develop web-based teaching materials, integrated with Indonesian folklore for intermediate-level students of Indonesian for foreign speakers (BIPA). A Research and Development (R&D) method was employed with a 4D research model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). Four teachers and seven students were purposively selected, based on prior experience in teaching BIPA and ownership of a device and ability to operate a software. A questionnaire, expert validation sheet, users assessment sheet, and interview guide were employed to obtain the expected data. The results of the study revealed that all teachers had used textbooks and the Internet, but not all teachers used enrichment materials from the government. They further stated that they were interested in the development of teaching materials with folklore texts. The expert validation results showed that the developed web-based teaching materials was feasible with a very good predicate. Based on a limited trial (independently) by users, BIPA teachers and students responded that the prototype was feasible with a very good predicate.

Consumer involvement is an important factor in shaping consumer behavior, such as purchase intention, satisfaction, and loyalty. However, scholars have not explored its impact on e-commerce. This study aims to investigate the impact of consumer involvement, which consists of opinion-seeking, product variety, and product involvement, on perceived quality and e-commerce behavior. A quantitative research design uses 300 respondents from Oclo Official consumers in Semarang City. Data analysis using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS version 4.0.9. The findings revealed that opining-seeking, product variety, and involvement have a positive effect on perceived quality. Other findings demonstrated that perceived quality has a positive effect on e-commerce behavior. Finally, the result concluded that perceived quality can mediate relationship factors in e-commerce behavior. The implication of this study offers new insights into the importance of consumer involvement in e-commerce. The most important implication is that e-commerce businesses must enhance perceived product quality, as it directly influences customer behavior, such as purchase intention, satisfaction, and loyalty. Companies can strengthen long-term relationships with consumers by offering a wider variety of products and maintaining high quality.