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The objective of the current paper is to investigate the turbulent flow characteristics, thermal mixing behavior, and backflow features of coolant fluid in a T-junction using three-dimensional numerical simulations. The impact of critical flow parameters and different branch pipe axial and transverse incident angles on thermal mixing performance are explored as a function of momentum ratio. The investigation identifies the impact of jet flow, deflection flow, and wall jet flow patterns. The results reveal that the upside backflow of T-junction is more significant for a lower momentum ratio (<0.32) and decreases with higher momentum ratio (0.32 < momentum ratio < 2.7). The efficiency of thermal mixing is considerably improved by changing the incident angle and momentum ratio. Thermal mixing length decreases by ∼39%, 28%, and 21% as compared to the reference case. The current findings will help researchers to understand flow behavior and thermal mixing in a T-junction. It is also useful in high-temperature engineering applications for the evaluation of thermal cracking and safety management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of antral follicle count (AFC) on follicular and luteal development during the estrous cycle and superovulatory period, as well as on superovulatory response and in vivo embryo quality within the MOET program. A total of 48 estrus-induced (500 μg PGF2α, Single dose, IM) Sahiwal cows (Bos indicus) with a BCS between 3.5 and 4.0 were selected for the study. On the day of wave emergence, the animals were divided into two groups based on the AFC, i.e., low AFC (≤18) and high AFC (>18). Both the groups were monitored daily using B-mode ultrasonography (USG) for one cycle, and the superovulation protocol was initiated on the 9th day of the subsequent estrous cycle. A total of 240 μg of FSH in eight divided doses were given in a tapering sequence for 4 days and simultaneous administration of 500 μg PGF2α, along with the fifth dose of FSH. Donors were inseminated at superovulatory estrus using double straws of high-quality frozen semen thrice at 12-h intervals, and non-surgical flushing was performed on day 7 of the superovulatory estrus followed by embryo searching and evaluation under a stereo zoom microscope. Ovulatory waves of the high-AFC Sahiwal cows have significantly (p ≤ 0.05) larger sizes of preovulatory follicles (POF) (12.06 ± 0.19 mm vs 11.56 ± 0.16 mm) and corpus luteum (CL) (19.57 ± 0.28 mm vs 18.26 ± 0.35 mm), as compared to low AFC. The ovarian size was significantly (p < 0.0001) larger in cows with high AFC during the superovulatory protocol. The number of large, medium, and small follicles was significantly (p < 0.0001) high on the day of superovulatory estrus (SOE), PGF2α administration, and initiation of superovulatory protocol, respectively, in high AFC. Donors with high AFC had a notably greater (p < 0.0001) count of CL and embryos retrieved per flushing, including excellent and fair-quality embryos. A strong association (p < 0.0001) between high AFC and ovarian size (r = 0.9136), superovulatory response (r = 0.9350), and embryo quality (x2 = 8.788; p = 0.032) and number (r = 0.9858) were also recorded. Based on these results, AFC is considered a dependable indicator for forecasting reproductive capacity. Bos indicus donors with an average AFC of 30 or higher are recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The growing concern and awareness about health has put many Indians to start thinking and buying health insurance for them or for their family members. This has led to a rapid increase in the sales of health insurance tin India. On the other hand, to increase the market share and market penetration, health insurance has emerged a new channel of distribution for insurers. Health insurance or a Mediclaim policy is a type of insurance which protects an individual and its family from suffering a financial loss as a result of an accident, illness or disability. The present study is an attitudinal study and is an attempt to know about the various perception levels like awareness, influence, willingness to purchase policy etc. of the respondents in the Jaunpur district of Uttar Pradesh. For this purpose, the data was collected from a sample size of 200 respondents was collected and analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current scientific research prioritizes sustainable and cost‐effective materials due to the depletion of traditional non‐renewable sources. Natural fiber reinforced composite materials emerge as promising solutions. However natural fibers being hydrophilic in nature are less compatible with hydrophobic epoxy matrix, to address this issue nano clay treatment of jute fibers have been done and epoxy composites were formed with their reinforcement. Through FT‐IR, thermal, mechanical, and morphological analyses, both treated and untreated composites are evaluated. The treated composites exhibit a notable 19% increase in activation energy (FWO and KAS methods) compared to untreated ones (217.5–259 KJ/mol), indicating improved thermal stability. Moreover, the treated composite demonstrates a significant 38% boost in tensile strength (30–41.4 MPa) and a 28% enhancement in flexural strength (50–64 MPa), highlighting the impact of alkali‐nano clay treatment in reinforcing structural integrity. These enhancements suggest the potential applicability of composites manufactured with alkali‐nano clay treated jute fibers (A/NC/J fiber) across various industries. This innovative approach not only bridges the gap in sustainable material development but also offers cost‐effective solutions for commercial utilization. Highlights: Analyzed alkali‐nano clay treatment effects on jute fiber in epoxy composites.Studied activation energy (FWO, KAS) for untreated and treated composites.Treated composites show a 19% increase in activation energy: Thermal stabilitySignificant improvements: 38% rise in tensile, 28% increase in flexural strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]