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Introduction: Oesophageal cancer is the seventh most common cancer worldwide and the sixth highest cause of cancer-related mortality. Radiation plays an important role in the multimodality treatment of carcinoma of the oesophagus. Aim: To compare locoregional control and toxicity of two External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT) fractionation schedules of concurrent chemoradiotherapy and high-dose intraluminal brachytherapy in patients with oesophageal carcinoma at a single institute. Materials and Methods: The present study was a pilot study including a total of 33 participants with histologically confirmed oesophageal cancer. Patients were prospectively randomised into two groups. Arm I: EBRT with a total dose of 46 Gy delivered in 23 fractions at a rate of 2 Gy per fraction over 4.3 weeks, along with Concurrent Injection of Cisplatin (CDDP) 100 mg/m2 on days 1 and 22, followed by Intraluminal Radiation Therapy (ILRT) with 6 Gy per session weekly. Arm II: EBRT with a total dose of 30 Gy delivered in 10 fractions at a rate of 3 Gy per fraction over two weeks and CDDP 100 mg/m² on day 1 only. The primary endpoint of this study was to compare the locoregional response and toxicities (both acute and late) in the two arms at the end of radiotherapy and six months. Results: At the end of the two-month follow-up, no statistically significant difference was found in the response between the two arms (p-value=0.2697). Dysphagia relief was comparable in both arms; however, this difference was not statistically significant (p-value=0.9235). Conclusion: The responses in both arms were comparable, and further randomised trials with larger sample sizes should be encouraged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction-Certain fungal organisms, notably Candida albicans, are commensal inhabitants of the oral cavity in a large proportion of individuals. Under normal conditions, these fungal organisms coexist with the other microorganisms of the normal oral flora and do not cause disease. However, changes in the oral and/or systemic environment can result in an overgrowth of these fungal species, leading to clinical oral fungal infection. Radiation given during treatment of oral and pharyngeal malignancy frequently causes alteration of the oral environment predisposing to the colonization of the oral mucosa by yeast species most frequently candida Objective- To find out association between radiation therapy and frequency of fungal infection in oropharyngeal malignancy. Materials and Method-3 samples by oral rinse method were taken from the patients undergoing radiotherapy.first sample before the starting of radiotherapy, second inbetween the course of radiotherapy and third after completion of radiotherapy Sabourauds. Dextrose Agar (SDA) was used as primary culture media and subsequently speciation was done using standard techniques. Result-25% patients were mycologically positive for fungal infection before radiotherapy that increased to 63% patients during radiotherapy. The occurrence of high grade mucositis werefound to be significant in patients positive for fungal infections during radiotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction-The standard treatment of locally advanced cancer of head and neck is radiation therapy along with chemotherapy. In locally advanced cancer of oropharynx and larynx, hypothyroidism is a known consequence of external beam radiotherapy to the neck encompassing part or whole of the thyroid gland. Still thyroid function tests are not a part of routine follow up of head & neck cancer patients treated with radiotherapy with or without surgery. Head and neck irradiation results in biochemical hypothyroidismThyroid function should be tested on a regular basis following RT to the low-neck region The purpose of this study is to determine whether the incidence of hypothyroidism following radiotherapy (RT) to the low neck is high enough to justify the routine monitoring of thyroid function in asymptomatic patients. Aim and objective- To find out the incidence of hypothyroidism in oropharyngeal and laryngeal carcinoma patients treated with Radiotherapy. Material and methods-:- Histopathologically proven patients of oropharyngeal and laryngeal carcinoma registered in Radiotherapy OPD KGMU for RadiationTherapy from 1st July 2015 to 1st Jan 2017. Study Design:- The following study was adopted -Informed written voluntary consent of the patient was taken in format as advised by the research cell, KGMU, Lucknow. Complete clinical history of patient. General physical and Systemic examination. Local Examination including Primary disease and Neck examination. All patients undergone Routine Investigations: Haemogram, Kidney function test, Liver function test and Chest X ray. DL scopy and CECT - Neck region. Thyroid function test (T3/T4/TSH) - Baseline test at time of registration and then every 6 months after completion of radiotherapy during follow up. Result- 30% were found to have clinical hypothyroidism.11% patients were found to have subclinical hypothyroidism with 41% patients developing radiation-induced hypothyroidism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]