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BackgroundPropranolol for infantile hemangiomas (IHs) is effective and relatively safe. However, propranolol has different formulations and there is no consensus on the optimal formulation for IHs. The propranolol oral solution was not used in China until 2022.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of propranolol tablets and an oral solution in infants with high-risk IH.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 234 consecutive patients with a clinical diagnosis of high-risk IH who were treated with propranolol between August 2018 and February 2023 (propranolol tablets, 168 patients; propranolol oral solution, 66 patients). All patients were assessed in the hospital at the initiation of treatment and in the outpatient setting during treatment. The Hemangioma Activity and Severity Index was used to monitor the clinical activity of the hemangioma after propranolol treatment.ResultsBased on the Hemangioma Activity and Severity Index, 66.52% and 69.15% improvement occurred in the propranolol tablet and oral solution groups, respectively. 23.21% of patients in the propranolol tablet group and 42.42% in the oral solution group achieved >75% score improvement (X2 = 8.557; P = 0.003). Adverse reactions occurred in 34 (20.24%) and 11 patients (16.67%) in the propranolol tablet and oral solution groups, respectively. The most common adverse reaction in the propranolol tablet group was liver function abnormalities due to mild elevation of liver enzymes (X2 = 4.09; P = 0.045).ConclusionBoth propranolol tablets and oral solution had positive efficacy in patients with high-risk IHs, but more patients in the propranolol oral solution group achieve >75% score improvement compared to the propranolol tablet group. No life-threatening adverse reactions occurred in either group but liver function abnormalities were more likely to occur in patients treated with propranolol tablets.

ObjectivesTo investigate the safety and cost analysis of oral propranolol treatment for high-risk infantile hemangiomas starting from the outpatient setting.MethodsA total of 41 high-risk infantile hemangioma patients from outpatient settings and 43 from inpatient settings were selected for the study. After routine pre-treatment examinations, patients were administered propranolol in a stepwise incremental dosing regimen over three consecutive days in the outpatient clinic. Changes in heart rate, blood pressure and PR interval before and after medication were compared. On the 10th day post-medication, liver and kidney functions, fasting blood glucose, tumor ultrasonography, and electrocardiogram were re-evaluated. The costs of treatment starting from the outpatient clinic (including pre-treatment examinations and the first three days of treatment) were calculated and compared with those of similarly managed inpatient cases.ResultsThe majority of patients exhibited a reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, as well as an extended PR interval after treatment of medication (P < 0.05), which remained within normal limits without clinical symptoms. On the 10th day post-medication, statistical differences in blood biochemistry and electrocardiograms were observed when compared to pre-treatment values (P < 0.05), but all values remained within normal ranges. No severe adverse reactions such as hypoglycemia occurred. Additionally, the cost of treatment from the outpatient clinic was significantly lower than that of inpatient care.ConclusionOral propranolol treatment for high-risk infantile hemangiomas starting from the outpatient setting is associated with few adverse reactions and significantly reduced treatment costs. It is worthy of broader application in hospitals without dermatology wards.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of acrodermatitis enteropathica (AE). Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 20 children diagnosed with acrodermatitis enteropathica in the outpatient clinic at the dermatology department of our hospital. The serum levels of zinc and iron were compared between patients with acrodermatitis enteropathica and 20 health children. Results Among the 20 cases, the male-to-female ratio was 1∶1.22, with an average age of 10.12±7.05 months. The skin rashes commonly presented as erythemas, patches, scales, erosion and crusts, predominantly affecting the perioral, inguinal, perianal and extremity regions, and often accompanied by diarrhea and hair loss. The serum zinc levels in the patient group were lower than that in the controls [(7.39±3.51) μmol/L vs (12.40±2.57) μmol/L, t=-5.15, P

Objective To analyze clinical manifestations and histopathological features of children patients with pigmento-genes pityriasis rosea. Methods Clinical manifestations, histopathological features and therapeutic responses were retrospectively analyzed for 5 patients, including 1 males and 4 females patients, with pigmento-genes pityriasis rosea. Results The age of onset was 5-16 years old, and the average age was 9.4 years old, the course of disease was from 1 month to 6 years. Long axes of lesions were oriented in planes of cleavage, running parallel to the dermatoglyph. Lesions were distributed over the trunk and proximal extremities. The increase of melanocyte and hyperkeratosis were the typical histopathological characteristics. Conclusions Pigmento-genes pityriasis rosea can be diagnosed according to clinical manifestations and histopathology. Vitamin c, vitamin E and antihistamine drugs are effective for children patient with pigmento-genes pityriasis rosea.

Highlights (1) The rare but dangerous amniotic fluid embolish after cesarean delivery was diagnosed. (2) A cardiac arrest accompanied by acute respiratory distress syndrome and coagulopathy was recorded. (3) Diagnosis, risk factors and pathophysiology for amniotic fluid embolish in this case were detailly discussed.

This study presents a 60 GHz quasi-elliptic bandpass filter with a compact and planar structure. The proposed filter was constructed by stacking substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavities on the central transverse plane of a shielding SIW cavity. Jerusalem cross (JC) apertures and circular apertures were etched on the metal layers of the stacked SIW cavities to enable dual-mode operation and energy coupling. In the dual-mode cavities, the TM110 cavity mode and JC aperture mode can be excited simultaneously. Cross-mutual couplings exist among the resonant modes, resulting in two finite transmission zeros with each at either side of the passband. Multilayer low-temperature cofired ceramic technology was adopted to manufacture the experimental filter. The measured centre frequency was 60 GHz at a fractional bandwidth of 4.5% with two finite transmission zeros located at 53.7 and 65 GHz, thereby achieving highfrequency selectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel topology for designing 60 GHz duplexers is presented. Both the receiver (Rx) and transmitter (Tx) filters of the duplexer, which were constructed using dual-mode substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) cavities, can exhibit a single-sided transmission zero. The transmission zeros were arranged to achieve high channel isolation and frequency selectivity. The results confirm that the fabricated duplexer can achieve an Rx/Tx isolation higher than 30 dB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A planar low-temperature cofired ceramic helical bandpass filter with a compact size is presented. The proposed filter is constructed from short-circuited λg/4 helical resonators, while the size is reduced significantly by winding resonators vertically. Two single-sided transmission zeros can be created by the proposed mixed electric and magnetic coupling structure. A prototype with size of 6.2 x 4 mm² (0.049 x 0.032λg²) has been fabricated for demonstration. The measured fractional bandwidth is 5.9% at 0.845 GHz, and two transmission zeros are observed at 0.90 and 1.07 GHz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]