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Background Perimenopause is a period that every woman must go through, most people are more or less affected by perimenopausal symptoms, it to affect women's health, work, life, and economy. As acupuncture treatment is more and more increasing in perimenopausal symptoms, there have also been many clinical trials about it. But the results of the trials are inconsistent. Therefore, we will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the safety and efficacy of perimenopausal symptoms treated with acupuncture. Methods The protocol followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols. RCT study on different acupuncture interventions for perimenopausal symptoms will be searched in 8 databases (PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, the web of science, CBM, CNKI, WAN FANG, and VIP). Besides, the search will also be performed on the clinical trial research platform if necessary. The primary outcome that will be extracted: the Flushes per 24 hours, the Frequency of hot flashes, the severity of hot flashes, the menopause-related symptom score, the treatment efficacy, the adverse event. Endnote software X8 will be used for study selection, STATA 13.0 and Review Manager software 5.3 will be used for analysis and synthesis. These studies selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment will be conducted by 2 independent reviewers. Results This study will provide the results: 1. the primary and secondary outcome indicators of different acupuncture intervention measures (traditional hand acupuncture, moxibustion, ear acupuncture, laser, acupressure points) for perimenopausal symptoms. 2. The effects of different control groups (medicine control, routine care, waiting, and sham acupuncture control) on the analysis results will be reported, especially the effects of different sham acupuncture control (invasive/noninvasive) on the analysis results. Conclusion This systematic review and meta-analysis study hopes to provide useful evidence for better use of different types of acupuncture in treat perimenopausal symptoms and better design of control groups in related clinical trials. In addition, the research conclusion will be published in peer journals.OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/VZCKU Ethics and dissemination This conclusion of the study will be published in peer journals. The ethical approval is not required because there is no direct involvement of human.

Shini Feng,1 Yajing Ren,1 Hui Li,1 Yunfei Tang,1 Jinyu Yan,1 Zeyuan Shen,1 Huijie Zhang,2 Fuxue Chen1 1School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Fuxue ChenSchool of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86-21-6613-5167Email chenfuxue@staff.shu.edu.cnPurpose: Nanomaterial-based drug-delivery systems allowing for effective targeted delivery of smallmolecule chemodrugs to tumors have revolutionized cancer therapy. Recently, as novel nanomaterials with outstanding physicochemical properties, boron nitride nanospheres (BNs) have emerged as a promising candidate for drug delivery. However, poor dispersity and lack of tumor targeting severely limit further applications. In this study, cancer cell–membrane biomimetic BNs were designed for targeted anticancer drug delivery.Methods: Cell membrane extracted from HeLa cells (HM) was used to encapsulate BNs by physical extrusion. Doxorubicin (Dox) was loaded onto HM-BNs as a model drug.Results: The cell-membrane coating endowed the BNs with excellent dispersibility and cytocompatibility. The drug-release profile showed that the Dox@HM-BNs responded to acid pH, resulting in rapid Dox release. Enhanced cellular uptake of Dox@HM-BNs by HeLa cells was revealed because of the homologous targeting of cancer-cell membranes. CCK8 and live/dead assays showed that Dox@HM-BNs had stronger cytotoxicity against HeLa cells, due to self-selective cellular uptake. Finally, antitumor investigation using the HeLa tumor model demonstrated that Dox@HM-BNs possessed much more efficient tumor inhibition than free Dox or Dox@BNs.Conclusion: These findings indicate that the newly developed HM-BNs are promising as an efficient tumor-selective drug-delivery vehicle for tumor therapy.Keywords: boron nitride nanospheres, cancer-cell membrane, targeted drug delivery, chemotherapy, biomimetic

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common reproductive endocrine disease in women of childbearing age, and insulin resistance is an important etiological mechanism in PCOS. This study revealed the microRNA (miRNA) expression profile of PCOS with insulin resistance and explored the potential biological functions of differentially expressed miRNA.A total of 76 patients with PCOS and 30 normal healthy women were recruited in the gynecological clinic of the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University. We divided the patients with PCOS into a group with insulin resistance (n=46) and a group without insulin resistance (n=30). Peripheral venous serum samples from each group were used for deep sequencing to identify differentially expressed miRNAs. Hierarchical clustering heat maps were used to show differences in miRNA expression. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and target gene network databases were used to explore the potential target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs and to analyze their specific biological functions.A case-control analysis found that the levels of body mass index (BMI), prolactin (PRL), total testosterone (T), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and fasting insulin (INS) in patients with PCOS were higher than those in healthy controls. High BMI, high blood sugar, and hyperinsulinemia were more significant in the PCOS with insulin resistance group than without insulin resistance group. Among the patients with PCOS, miR-122-5p was found to have more significant differences in the PCOS with insulin resistance group. GO and KEGG pathway analysis showed that the identified miRNAs were involved in the regulation of different biological processes, such as signal transduction, negative regulation of GTPase activity, chloride channel complex. The predicted target genes were related to the citrate cycle (TCA cycle) and the biosynthesis of mucin-type O-glycans.Our research demonstrated the use of miRNAs as new biomarkers for the diagnosis, treatment and presented a new strategy to lessen the symptoms of PCOS with insulin resistance.

A novel diazotrophic bacterium, designated CCTCC AB 2021101T, was isolated from fresh roots of kiwifruit. Cells of strain CCTCC AB 2021101T were Gram-negative, aerobic and rod-shaped, with motility provided by peritrichous flagella. The 16S rRNA analysis showed that strain CCTCC AB 2021101T belongs to the genus Azospirillum and is closely related to Azospirillum melinis (98.32%), Azospirillum oryzae (97.73%), Azospirillum lipoferum (96.98%), Azospirillum humicireducens (96.49%) and Azospirillum largimobile (96.01%) and lower sequence similarity (Azospirillum. Strain CCTCC AB 2021101T was able to grow well at 35–40℃ and pH 6.0–7.0, and tolerated up to 3.0 % (w/v) NaCl. The major saturated fatty acids are C14:0, C16:0 and C18:0. C18:1 ω7c and C16:0 3-OH were the major unsaturated and hydroxylated fatty acid. The G+C content was 67.8 mol%. Strain CCTCC AB 2021101T gave positive amplification for dinitrogen reductase (nifH gene). Highest nifH gene sequence similarities were obtained with Azospirillum brasilense AWB14T(95.9%), Azospirillum zeae Gr24T(95.56%), Azospirillum picis DSM 19922T(96.79%), Azospirillum lipoferum B22T(94.88%) and Azospirillum oryzae COC8T(94.88%). The activity of the nitrogenase of the strain was further confirmed by acetylene-reduction assay, which was recorded as 81 nmol ethylene h-1. Based on these data, strain CCTCC AB 2021101T is considered to represent a novel endophytic diazotrophs species in the genus Azospirillum, for which the name Azospirillum actinidiae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CCTCC AB 2021101T.

The filamentous fungus

The growing space debris poses a serious threat to the safety of the space environment, and the necessity and urgency of active space debris removal have reached a consensus around the world. As one of the key technologies for debris removal, space debris capture has received extensive attention from researchers. In this paper, a space debris impact adhesion capture method is proposed, which involves a device integrated with gecko-inspired adhesion material at the front end and connected to the service spacecraft via a tether. The device can be launched from the service spacecraft, collides with the debris target and adheres to the debris surface to capture. The method provides the advantages of standoff distance allowed, high compatibility with different shaped targets and almost no risk of generating new debris. In order to provide a suitable preload for the adhesives, the device is put forward with a variable damping magnetorheological fluid buffer which could adjust the damping force in real time during the impact process to achieve reliable adhesion capture. The damping force fuzzy control method using impact force and remaining buffer stroke as input is designed. The simulations are carried out and the results show the effectiveness of the preload control method, thus proving a promotion for space debris impact adhesion capture method.

Despite the advantages of biological compatibility and high transparency, there are still some drawbacks for Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) such as highly flammability and poor ultraviolet resistance. Herein, a fully bio-based additive (PA@CHTM) with a core–shell structure is synthesized by chitosan microspheres and phytic acids. The introduction of PA@CHTM simultaneously improves the mechanical properties, flame retardancy, and UV-blocking performance of PLA, accompanied by an accelerated degradation capacity in soil. By the presence of 9 wt% PA@CHTM in the PLA composite sample, the limiting oxygen index value is increased from 18.2% to 29.6%, and the UL-94 test grade is improved to V-0. The tensile strength is well maintained and Young's modulus is sharply increased for PLA/PA@CHTM composites. Moreover, the photoaging process of PLA can be significantly delayed due to the excellent free radical quenching capacity of PA@CHTM. Only less than 10% UV light can be penetrated for the PLA/9%PA@CHTM sample, and the ultraviolet protection factor is increased from 0.77 of control PLA to 30.07. More importantly, the addition of PA@CHTM can accelerate the degradation of PLA, which is of significance for biodegradable materials. This work firstly provides a green strategy to fabricate fully bio-based polymer composites with high performance, long service life, and rapid degradation in soil.

Boron nitride nanospheres (BNNS) have attracted increasing attention in many fields due to their unique physicochemical properties. Biomedical application of BNNS has also been explored recently. However, limited by the hydrophobicity and poor dispersity of BNNS, their biocompatible performance especially the in vivo biosafety has rarely been reported and is still unclear now. In this work, BNNS were firstly camouflaged with red blood cell membrane by physical extrusion (CM-BNNS). CM-BNNS were then incubated with cells as well as intravenously injected into the mice to uncover their potential in vitro and in vivo toxicity. Results were promising as CM-BNNS exhibited better dispersion and stability compared with pristine BNNS. In vitro data demonstrated the relatively enhanced biosafety of CM-BNNS. The red blood cell membrane coating endowed BNNS with markedly prolonged blood circulation and decreased accumulation in the lung. In addition, CM-BNNS showed no adverse effects on all the evaluated hematic parameters and tissues of treated mice at a dose of 10 mg/kg. Taken together, our work demonstrated the optimal biocompatibility of CM-BNNS and pave the way for their future biomedical applications.