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1. Association of sensitivity to thyroid hormones with all-cause mortality in euthyroid US adults: a nationwide cohort study

Author

Genfeng Yu, Siyang Liu, Cheng Song, Qintao Ma, Xingying Chen, Yuqi Jiang, Hualin Duan, Yajun He, Dongmei Wang, Heng Wan, and Jie Shen

Subjects
sensitivity to thyroid hormones, tfqi, ft3/ft4 ratio, tshi, tt4ri, mortality, Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, RC648-665
Abstract

Background: This study aimed to examine the associations of thyroid hormone sensitivity indices, including free triiodothyronine-to-free thyroxine (FT3/FT4) ratio, thyroid feedback quantile-based index by FT4 (TFQIFT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone index (TSHI), and thyrotrophic thyroxine resistance index (TT4RI) with all-cause mortality in euthyroid adults. Methods: The study included 6243 euthyroid adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2012. FT3/FT4 ratio, TFQIFT4, TSHI, and TT4RI were calculated. The multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS), and subgroup analysis were conducted. Results: Individuals in fourth quartile (Q4) had lower all-cause mortality than those in first quartile (Q1) of FT3/FT4 ratio (hazard ratio (HR): 0.70, 95% CI: 0.51, 0.94). Regarding TFQIFT4, individuals in Q4 of TFQIFT4 had a 43% higher all-cause mortality than those in Q1 (HR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.96) (P < 0.05, all). Compared with participants in Q1, no associations of TSHI and TT4RI with mortality were found. TFQIFT4 was linearly and positively associated with mortality. However, the FT3/FT4 ratio showed a U-shaped association with mortality. Conclusions: Increased risk for all-cause mortality was positively associated with TFQIFT4, suggesting that increased risk for all-cause mortality was associated with decreased central sensitivity to thyroid hormones. Furthermore, the FT3/ FT4 ratio showed a U-shaped association with mortality, with an inflection point at 0.5. However, more cohort studies are needed to validate the conclusions.

Published
2024
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2. Association of muscle mass, grip strength and fat-to-muscle ratio and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in a middle-to-elderly aged population

Author

Siyang Liu, Yajun He, Genfeng Yu, Cheng Song, Dongmei Wang, Lan Liu, Hua Liang, Heng Wan, and Jie Shen

Subjects
Fat-to-muscle ratio, appendicular skeletal muscle mass, grip strength, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, liver fibrosis, Medicine
Abstract

Objective The association of appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM), grip strength and fat-to-muscle ratio (FMR) and the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are not well known.Materials and methods This study included participants older than 40 years who underwent bioelectrical impedance assessment in Prevalence of Metabolic Diseases and Risk Factors in Shunde (SPEED-Shunde). We measured grip strength with an electronic grip strength metre. ASM and grip strength were adjusted by dividing body mass index (BMI). FMR was calculated as total fat mass to total muscle mass. Liver steatosis and liver fibrosis were evaluated by vibration-controlled transient elastography. Multifactorial logistic regression was used to analyse the relationship between ASM, grip strength, FMR, and MASLD or MASLD-associated liver fibrosis. We performed subgroup analyses according to sex, age and BMI. Interaction tests and linear trend tests were also conducted.Results This study included a total of 3277 participants. FMR was positively associated with MASLD (OR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.66–2.15) and MASLD-associated liver fibrosis (OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.22–2.37). While ASM/BMI (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.52–0.67) or grip strength/BMI (OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.66–0.78) were negatively associated with MASLD. Interactions were observed between ASM/BMI and age, grip strength and sex in MASLD, as well as FMR and MASLD-associated liver fibrosis.Conclusion In a middle-to-elderly aged population, FMR was positively associated with the risk of MASLD and MASLD-associated liver fibrosis, and muscle mass and grip strength were negatively associated with MASLD, rather than MASLD-associated liver fibrosis.

Published
2024
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3. Associations of thyroid feedback quantile-based index with diabetes in euthyroid adults in the United States and China

Author

Heng Wan, Genfeng Yu, Yajun He, Siyang Liu, Xingying Chen, Yuqi Jiang, Hualin Duan, Xu Lin, Lan Liu, and Jie Shen

Subjects
Impaired sensitivity to thyroid hormones, diabetes, TFQI, Medicine
Abstract

AbstractBackground We aimed to investigate the associations between thyroid hormone sensitivity indices and diabetes in euthyroid adults in the United States and China.Methods 2296 euthyroid adults from the NHANES in the United States and 8319 euthyroid adults from the SPEED-Shunde in China were involved. The thyroid sensitivity indices, namely TFQIFT4 and TFQIFT3, were calculated. Multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic spline analysis, and general ordinal logit regression were utilized.Results In the NHANES, compared with participants in quartile 1st (Q1), those in Q4 of TFQIFT3 (OR 2.12, 95% CI (1.18, 3.81)) and those in Q3 of TFQIFT4 (OR 2.31, 95% CI (1.18, 4.53)) (both P for trend < 0.05) were associated with a greater prevalence of diabetes. In the SPEED-Shunde, compared with participants in Q1, those in Q4 of TFQIFT3 had a greater prevalence of diabetes (OR 1.36, 95% CI (1.11, 1.66) (P for trend < 0.05), while no significant associations between TFQIFT4 and diabetes were found.Conclusions TFQIFT3 was associated with a higher prevalence of diabetes both in the United States and China. However, TFQIFT4 was only associated with a higher prevalence of diabetes in the United States, not in China. Further prospective cohort studies are necessary to validate these findings.

Published
2024
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5. Comparative genomic analyses reveal the genetic basis of the yellow-seed trait in Brassica napus

Author

Cunmin Qu, Meichen Zhu, Ran Hu, Yongchao Niu, Si Chen, Huiyan Zhao, Chengxiang Li, Zhen Wang, Nengwen Yin, Fujun Sun, Zhiyou Chen, Shulin Shen, Guoxia Shang, Yan Zhou, Xingying Yan, Lijuan Wei, Liezhao Liu, Bin Yi, Jinmin Lian, Jiang Li, Zhanglin Tang, Ying Liang, Xinfu Xu, Rui Wang, Jiaming Yin, Huafang Wan, Hai Du, Wei Qian, Yourong Chai, Qingyuan Zhou, Yajun He, Silin Zhong, Xiao Qiu, Hao Yu, Hon-Ming Lam, Kun Lu, Fuyou Fu, and Jiana Li

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Yellow-seed trait is a desirable breeding characteristic of rapeseed (Brassica napus) that could greatly improve seed oil yield and quality. However, the underlying mechanisms controlling this phenotype in B. napus plants are difficult to discern because of their complexity. Here, we assemble high-quality genomes of yellow-seeded (GH06) and black-seeded (ZY821). Combining in-depth fine mapping of a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for seed color with other omics data reveal BnA09MYB47a, encoding an R2R3-MYB-type transcription factor, as the causal gene of a major QTL controlling the yellow-seed trait. Functional studies show that sequence variation of BnA09MYB47a underlies the functional divergence between the yellow- and black-seeded B. napus. The black-seed allele BnA09MYB47aZY821, but not the yellow-seed allele BnA09MYB47aGH06, promotes flavonoid biosynthesis by directly activating the expression of BnTT18. Our discovery suggests a possible approach to breeding B. napus for improved commercial value and facilitates flavonoid biosynthesis studies in Brassica crops.

Published
2023
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6. NF-κB Activator 1 downregulation in macrophages activates STAT3 to promote adenoma-adenocarcinoma transition and immunosuppression in colorectal cancer

Author

Shunyi Wang, Yihe Kuai, Simin Lin, Li Li, Quliang Gu, Xiaohan Zhang, Xiaoming Li, Yajun He, Sishuo Chen, Xiaoru Xia, Zhang Ruan, Caixia Lin, Yi Ding, Qianqian Zhang, Cuiling Qi, Jiangchao Li, Xiaodong He, Janak L. Pathak, Weijie Zhou, Side Liu, Lijing Wang, and Lingyun Zheng

Subjects
Act1, Macrophages, Colorectal cancer, Adenoma-adenocarcinoma transition, CD8+ T cells, Medicine
Abstract

Abstract Background Adenoma-adenocarcinoma transition is a key feature of colorectal cancer (CRC) occurrence and is closely regulated by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and CD8+ T cells. Here, we investigated the effect of the NF-κB activator 1 (Act1) downregulation of macrophages in the adenoma-adenocarcinoma transition. Methods This study used spontaneous adenoma-developing ApcMin/+, macrophage-specific Act1-knockdown (anti-Act1), and ApcMin/+; anti-Act1 (AA) mice. Histological analysis was performed on CRC tissues of patients and mice. CRC patients’ data retrieved from the TCGA dataset were analyzed. Primary cell isolation, co-culture system, RNA-seq, and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) were used. Results By TCGA and TISIDB analysis, the downregulation of Act1 expression in tumor tissues of CRC patients negatively correlated with accumulated CD68+ macrophages in the tumor. Relative expression of EMT markers in the tumor enriched ACT1lowCD68+ macrophages of CRC patients. AA mice showed adenoma-adenocarcinoma transition, TAMs recruitment, and CD8+ T cell infiltration in the tumor. Macrophages depletion in AA mice reversed adenocarcinoma, reduced tumor amounts, and suppressed CD8+ T cell infiltration. Besides, macrophage depletion or anti-CD8a effectively inhibited metastatic nodules in the lung metastasis mouse model of anti-Act1 mice. CRC cells induced activation of IL-6/STAT3 and IFN-γ/NF-κB signaling and the expressions of CXCL9/10, IL-6, and PD-L1 in anti-Act1 macrophages. Anti-Act1 macrophages facilitated epithelial-mesenchymal-transition and CRC cells’ migration via CXCL9/10-CXCR3-axis. Furthermore, anti-Act1 macrophages promoted exhaustive PD1+ Tim3+ CD8+ T cell formation. Anti-PD-L1 treatment repressed adenoma-adenocarcinoma transition in AA mice. Silencing STAT3 in anti-Act1 macrophages reduced CXCL9/10 and PD-L1 expression and correspondingly inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal-transition and CRC cells’ migration. Conclusions Act1 downregulation in macrophages activates STAT3 that promotes adenoma-adenocarcinoma transition via CXCL9/10-CXCR3-axis in CRC cells and PD-1/PD-L1-axis in CD8+ T cells.

Published
2023
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7. Associations between blood essential metal mixture and serum uric acid: a cross-sectional study

Author

Dongmei Wang, Yue Li, Hualin Duan, Shuting Zhang, Lingling Liu, Yajun He, Xingying Chen, Yuqi Jiang, Qintao Ma, Genfeng Yu, Siyang Liu, Nanfang Yao, Yongqian Liang, Xu Lin, Lan Liu, Heng Wan, and Jie Shen

Subjects
manganese, magnesium, copper, essential metal mixture, interactions, serum uric acid, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

IntroductionAlthough several studies have explored the associations between single essential metals and serum uric acid (SUA), the study about the essential metal mixture and the interactions of metals for hyperuricemia remains unclear.MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional study to explore the association of the SUA levels with the blood essential metal mixture, including magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn) in Chinese community-dwelling adults (n=1039). The multivariable linear regression, the weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were conducted to estimate the associations of blood essential metals with SUA levels and the BKMR model was also conducted to estimate the interactions of the essential metals on SUA.ResultsIn the multivariable linear regression, the association of blood Mg, Mn, and Cu with SUA was statistically significant, both in considering multiple metals and a single metal. In WQS regression [β=13.59 (95%CI: 5.57, 21.60)] and BKMR models, a positive association was found between the mixture of essential metals in blood and SUA. Specifically, blood Mg and Cu showed a positive association with SUA, while blood Mn showed a negative association. Additionally, no interactions between individual metals on SUA were observed.DiscussionIn conclusion, further attention should be paid to the relationship between the mixture of essential metals in blood and SUA. However, more studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Published
2023
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8. Single and combined associations of blood lead and essential metals with serum lipid profiles in community-dwelling adults

Author

Heng Wan, Dongmei Wang, Yongqian Liang, Yajun He, Qintao Ma, Tingting Li, Yingbo He, Hanquan Guo, Jiachen Wang, Zhao Li, Xu Lin, Lan Liu, and Jie Shen

Subjects
lead, magnesium, lipid profiles, metal mixture, Bayesian kernel machine regression, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641
Abstract

BackgroundAlthough several studies have examined the relationships between lead (Pb) exposure and serum lipid profiles, the associations of the metal mixture, including lead (Pb) and essential metals with lipid profiles, remain unclear.ObjectiveTo investigate the associations of the metal mixture including Pb and essential metals [magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and calcium (Ca)] with serum lipid profiles [total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)], as well as the potential interactions among the metals.MethodsNine hundred and ninety-eight Chinese community-dwelling adults completed a questionnaire and underwent checkups of anthropometric parameters, serum lipid profile levels (TC, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C), and blood metal concentrations (Pb, Mg, Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn, and Ca). The multivariable linear regression, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were applied to evaluate the single and combined associations of blood Pb and essential metals with serum lipid profiles.ResultsIn the multivariable linear regression model, the blood Pb was positively associated with TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C (p

Published
2023
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9. FBXL2 counteracts Grp94 to destabilize EGFR and inhibit EGFR-driven NSCLC growth

Author

Mengmeng Niu, Jing Xu, Yang Liu, Yuhuang Li, Tao He, Liangping Ding, Yajun He, Yong Yi, Fengtian Li, Rongtian Guo, Ya Gao, Rui Li, Luping Li, Mengyuan Fu, Qingyong Hu, Yangkun Luo, Chunyan Zhang, Kewei Qin, Jianqiao Yi, Shuhan Yu, Jian Yang, Hu Chen, Liang Wang, Zhonghan Li, Biao Dong, Shiqian Qi, Liang Ouyang, Yujun Zhang, Yang Cao, and Zhi-Xiong Jim Xiao

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Aberrant EGFR activation is commonly found in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here the authors show that E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXL2 targets EGFR and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-resistant mutants for proteasome-mediated degradation to inhibit EGFR-driven NSCLC growth and TKI resistance.

Published
2021
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10. Associations of phthalates with NAFLD and liver fibrosis: A nationally representative cross-sectional study from NHANES 2017 to 2018

Author

Xingying Chen, Feng Tian, Jianfeng Wu, Lan Liu, Ye Li, Genfeng Yu, Hualin Duan, Yuqi Jiang, Siyang Liu, Yajun He, Yaosheng Luo, Cheng Song, Huaizhi Li, Yongqian Liang, Heng Wan, and Jie Shen

Subjects
phthalates, NAFLD, liver fibrosis, vibration-controlled transient elastography, NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey), Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641
Abstract

ObjectiveAlthough phthalates are common environmental pollutants, few studies have focused on the relationship of phthalates exposure with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or liver fibrosis, and especially, the alternative phthalates have been questioned in recent years about whether they are better choices. Thus, this study aimed to explore the associations of exposure to major phthalates or alternative phthalates with NAFLD and liver fibrosis.MethodsData of 1450 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2018 were collected. The urinary metabolite concentrations of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), diisononyl phthalate (DINP) and diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) were detected. Controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and median liver stiffness measurement (LSM) were acquired for quantitative diagnosis of NAFLD and liver fibrosis by vibration-controlled transient elastography. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and linear regression analysis were performed to examine the associations between phthalates and NAFLD and liver fibrosis.ResultsAfter adjustment of the potential factors, the prevalence of NAFLD was significantly elevated among those in the fourth quartile of mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (OR, 95%CI = 2.719, 1.296, 5.700, P = 0.016), mono (2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (OR, 95%CI = 2.073, 1.111, 3.867, P = 0.037). No significant association was found between the alternative phthalates and NAFLD. The similar result was gained by linear regression analysis that MECPP was still significantly associated with Ln CAP (Q4 vs. Q1: β, 95%CI = 0.067, 0.017, 0.118, P = 0.027). After adjustment for the same covariates, no significant association between phthalates and liver fibrosis was found in logistics regression analysis.ConclusionsAll in all, higher prevalence of NAFLD is correlated with DEHP but not DINP or DIDP in American adults. There is no significant relationship between phthalates and liver fibrosis defined as LSM ≥ 8 Kpa. Nevertheless, further research is needed to provide evidence of causality.

Published
2022
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11. Negative regulator NLRC3: Its potential role and regulatory mechanism in immune response and immune-related diseases

Author

Deyi Sun, Jiqian Xu, Wanying Zhang, Chaoying Song, Chenggang Gao, Yajun He, and You Shang

Subjects
NLRC3, NOD-like receptor, NF-κB, sting, pyroptosis, PI3K, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

NLRC3 is a member of the pattern recognition receptors nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) family, and plays a pivotal regulatory role in modulating the activation of immune cells. In macrophages, NLRC3 inhibits the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, the STING/TBK1 signaling pathway, and the formation of the inflammasome. In the context of T cells immune response, NLRC3 prevents the activation of T cells by regulating the function of dendritic cells and directly influencing the function of T cells. Different from other pattern recognition receptors, NLRC3 is more closely associated with regulatory activity than pathogens recognition, it influences the fates of cells, for example, prevents proliferation, promotes apoptosis and inhibits pyroptosis. These cellular functions regulated by NLRC3 are involved in the development processes of a variety of diseases, such as infectious disease, sterile inflammatory diseases, and cancer. However, its characteristics, function and regulatory mechanism in immune response and immune-related diseases have not been addressed fully. In this review, we elaborate the potential roles of NLRC3 from several different levels, include molecular mechanism, cellular functions in the immune-related diseases.

Published
2022
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12. Highly Efficient Hydrogen Evolution in Alkaline Medium by Ternary Cobalt Molybdenum Nitride on Self-standing Porous Copper Foam

Author

Siting Cai, Yajun He, Xin Xu, Linhua Mi, Liuyi Li, Shenghong Zhong, and Yan Yu

Subjects
Hydrogen evolution, Ternary catalysts, Transition metal nitride, Alkaline conditions, Self-standing, Chemical engineering, TP155-156
Abstract

Hydrogen is an ideal energy carrier, owning to high energy density and zero pollution emission. Hydrogen generation in an alkaline environment is desirable but challenging. A few electrocatalysts have been reported for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), but are generally suffered from large over potentials and short durability. Herein, we constructed a self-standing ternary cobalt molybdenum nitride catalyst on copper foam using a simple hydrothermal method and treated under a H2 atmosphere subsequently. Remarkably, the CoN/Mo2N/Cu catalyst exhibits ultralow overpotentials of only 18 mV and 68 mV at current densities of 10 mA cm−2 and 100 mA cm−2 for HER in 1.0 M KOH, respectively. In addition, the ternary catalyst achieves superior durability for more than 100 h at the current density of 20 mA cm−2 without evident deterioration, indicating that the catalyst has an encouraging industrial perspective.

Published
2022
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13. Clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with ICU-acquired infections in sepsis: A retrospective cohort study

Author

Yajun He, Jiqian Xu, Xiaopu Shang, Xiangzhi Fang, Chenggang Gao, Deyi Sun, Lu Yao, Ting Zhou, Shangwen Pan, Xiaojing Zou, Huaqing Shu, Xiaobo Yang, and You Shang

Subjects
sepsis, ICU-acquired infection, risk factors, prediction, MIMIC database, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired infection is a common cause of poor prognosis of sepsis in the ICU. However, sepsis-associated ICU-acquired infections have not been fully characterized. The study aims to assess the risk factors and develop a model that predicts the risk of ICU-acquired infections in patients with sepsis.MethodsWe retrieved data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC) IV database. Patients were randomly divided into training and validation cohorts at a 7:3 ratio. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify independent risk factors that could predict ICU-acquired infection. We also assessed its discrimination and calibration abilities and compared them with classical score systems.ResultsOf 16,808 included septic patients, 2,871 (17.1%) developed ICU-acquired infection. These patients with ICU-acquired infection had a 17.7% ICU mortality and 31.8% in-hospital mortality and showed a continued rise in mortality from 28 to 100 days after ICU admission. The classical Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome Score (SIRS), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), Oxford Acute Severity of Illness Score (OASIS), Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS II), Logistic Organ Dysfunction Score (LODS), Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), and Acute Physiology Score III (APS III) scores were associated with ICU-acquired infection, and cerebrovascular insufficiency, Gram-negative bacteria, surgical ICU, tracheostomy, central venous catheter, urinary catheter, mechanical ventilation, red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, LODS score and anticoagulant therapy were independent predictors of developing ICU-acquired infection in septic patients. The nomogram on the basis of these independent predictors showed good calibration and discrimination in both the derivation (AUROC = 0.737; 95% CI, 0.725–0.749) and validation (AUROC = 0.751; 95% CI, 0.734–0.769) populations and was superior to that of SIRS, SOFA, OASIS, SAPS II, LODS, CCI, and APS III models.ConclusionsICU-acquired infections increase the likelihood of septic mortality. The individualized prognostic model on the basis of the nomogram could accurately predict ICU-acquired infection and optimize management or tailored therapy.

Published
2022
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15. Associations of Uric Acid With Liver Steatosis and Fibrosis Applying Vibration Controlled Transient Elastography in the United States: A Nationwide Cross-Section Study

Author

Hualin Duan, Rong Zhang, Xingying Chen, Genfeng Yu, Cheng Song, Yuqi Jiang, Yajun He, Heng Wan, and Jie Shen

Subjects
liver steatosis, liver fibrosis, controlled attenuation parameter, liver stiffness measurement, uric acid, NHANES, Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, RC648-665
Abstract

Background and objectiveSerum uric acid (UA) is related to many metabolic diseases. However, the association of UA with liver diseases was not very clear. The objective of this study is to clarify the relationship of UA with liver steatosis and fibrosis.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study of 4364 people of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2018. Liver steatosis and fibrosis were assessed by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver stiffness measurements (LSM) using Vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE). Linear and logistic regressions were performed.ResultsAfter adjusting for potential confounders, UA levels were associated with the prevalence of liver steatosis [OR=2.097 (95%CI: 1.245, 3.534)] and liver fibrosis [OR=2.983 (95%CI: 1.797, 4.952)]. Furthermore, the results were consistent in the subgroup analyses of males and females.ConclusionsUA levels were positively associated with the prevalence of liver steatosis and fibrosis.

Published
2022
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16. Whole-genome resequencing reveals Brassica napus origin and genetic loci involved in its improvement

Author

Kun Lu, Lijuan Wei, Xiaolong Li, Yuntong Wang, Jian Wu, Miao Liu, Chao Zhang, Zhiyou Chen, Zhongchun Xiao, Hongju Jian, Feng Cheng, Kai Zhang, Hai Du, Xinchao Cheng, Cunming Qu, Wei Qian, Liezhao Liu, Rui Wang, Qingyuan Zou, Jiamin Ying, Xingfu Xu, Jiaqing Mei, Ying Liang, You-Rong Chai, Zhanglin Tang, Huafang Wan, Yu Ni, Yajun He, Na Lin, Yonghai Fan, Wei Sun, Nan-Nan Li, Gang Zhou, Hongkun Zheng, Xiaowu Wang, Andrew H. Paterson, and Jiana Li

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Brassica napus is a globally important oil crop, but the origin of the allotetraploid genome and its improvement process are largely unknown. Here, the authors take a population genetic approach to resolve its origin and evolutionary history, and identify candidate genes related to important agricultural traits.

Published
2019
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17. Depression-/Anxiety-Like Behavior Alterations in Adult Slit2 Transgenic Mice

Author

Guilan Huang, Sheng Wang, Jie Yan, Changxi Li, Jianwen Feng, Qi Chen, Xiaomeng Zheng, Huimin Li, Yajun He, Andrew J. Young, Haobin Li, Weidong Li, Jiangchao Li, and Lijing Wang

Subjects
Slit2, transgenic mice, depression, anxiety, behavior, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Background: Slit2 is a member of the Slit family of secreted glycoproteins that plays highly conserved roles in neuronal axon guidance and cellular migration. Our previous experimental results showed Alzheimer's disease-like alterations and increased permeability of the blood–brain barrier in Slit2-overexpressing transgenic (Slit2-Tg) mice aged 8–9 months. Nevertheless, relatively little is known about behavioral alterations in adult Slit2-Tg mice (2–6 months of age). To observe the age-related behavioral effects of Slit2 overexpression in adult mice, we performed a battery of behavioral tests with adult Slit2-Tg mice at 2–6 months of age.Results: The body weight of Slit2-Tg mice was lower than that of the wild-type mice from 15 weeks of age. Compared with the control mice, depression-like behaviors were found in Slit2-Tg mice from 15 to 21 weeks of age in the sucrose preference test, although Slit2-Tg mice were hyperactive in the tail suspension test. The anxiety-like behaviors were found in Slit2-Tg mice in the open field test, as well as increased locomotor activity. The anxiety-like behaviors were also found in adult Slit2-Tg mice in the elevated plus maze. Compared to wild-type mice at 23 weeks old, impairment of the hippocampal neurons were found in Slit2-Tg mice at the same age in hematoxylin–eosin staining (H&E), including some eccentric dispersion and expansion of neuronal bodies. In addition, the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of TNF-α was elevated in the hippocampus of adult Slit2-Tg mice.Conclusions: Slit2 overexpression causes depression-/anxiety-like behaviors in adult mice that may be related to an increase in inflammatory factors and damage to hippocampal neurons.

Published
2021
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18. Noncanonical TGF-β signaling leads to FBXO3-mediated degradation of ΔNp63α promoting breast cancer metastasis and poor clinical prognosis.

Author

Mengmeng Niu, Yajun He, Jing Xu, Liangping Ding, Tao He, Yong Yi, Mengyuan Fu, Rongtian Guo, Fengtian Li, Hu Chen, Ye-Guang Chen, and Zhi-Xiong Jim Xiao

Subjects
Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling plays a critical role in promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell migration, invasion, and tumor metastasis. ΔNp63α, the major isoform of p63 protein expressed in epithelial cells, is a key transcriptional regulator of cell adhesion program and functions as a critical metastasis suppressor. It has been documented that the expression of ΔNp63α is tightly controlled by oncogenic signaling and is frequently reduced in advanced cancers. However, whether TGF-β signaling regulates ΔNp63α expression in promoting metastasis is largely unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that activation of TGF-β signaling leads to stabilization of E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXO3, which, in turn, targets ΔNp63α for proteasomal degradation in a Smad-independent but Erk-dependent manner. Knockdown of FBXO3 or restoration of ΔNp63α expression effectively rescues TGF-β-induced EMT, cell motility, and tumor metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, clinical analyses reveal a significant correlation among TGF-β receptor I (TβRI), FBXO3, and p63 protein expression and that high expression of TβRI/FBXO3 and low expression of p63 are associated with poor recurrence-free survival (RFS). Together, these results demonstrate that FBXO3 facilitates ΔNp63α degradation to empower TGF-β signaling in promoting tumor metastasis and that the TβRI-FBXO3-ΔNp63α axis is critically important in breast cancer development and clinical prognosis. This study suggests that FBXO3 may be a potential therapeutic target for advanced breast cancer treatment.

Published
2021
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20. Correlation Analysis Between Attentional Bias and Somatic Symptoms in Depressive Disorders

Author

Yun Wang, Yajun He, Gaohua Wang, Jiangbo Li, and Haibing Zhu

Subjects
depressive disorder, attentional bias, TORAWARE state, depression, somatic discomfort, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between attentional bias and the severity of depression as assessed by the TORAWARE state and physical symptoms.MethodsWe enrolled 55 patients with depression and 60 healthy people. The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-24), Somatic Self-Rating Scale (SSS), and the Chinese version of the Self-Rating Scale for the TORAWARE State of Neurosis (SSTN) were selected to assess the severity of psychological symptoms. Dot-probe tasks were used to detect attentional bias. We then analyzed the correlation of attentional bias with the total scores on the symptom scales.ResultsThe negative attentional bias and negative disengaging index scores were both greater than 0 (t = 3.15 and 2.78, respectively; all P < 0.01). The negative attention bias score was positively correlated with the SSTN and negative disengaging index scores (r = 0.29 and 0.53, respectively; all P < 0.05). SSTN score was positively correlated with the total HAMD and SSS scores (r = 0.34 and 0.38, respectively; all P < 0.05).ConclusionThere is no direct correlation between negative attentional bias and depression. It may be through the intermediate mechanism of TORAWARE state to influence symptoms.

Published
2019
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21. Inhibition of HMGB1 reduces rat spinal cord astrocytic swelling and AQP4 expression after oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation via TLR4 and NF-κB signaling in an IL-6-dependent manner

Author

Lin Sun, Man Li, Xun Ma, Haoyu Feng, Junlai Song, Cong Lv, and Yajun He

Subjects
High mobility group box-1, Aquaporin-4, Toll-like receptor 4, Nuclear factor-kappa B, Interleukin-6, Astrocyte swelling, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

Abstract Background Spinal cord astrocyte swelling is an important component to spinal cord edema and is associated with poor functional recovery as well as therapeutic resistance after spinal cord injury (SCI). High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is a mediator of inflammatory responses in the central nervous system and plays a critical role after SCI. Given this, we sought to identify both the role and underlying mechanisms of HMGB1 in cellular swelling and aquaporin 4 (AQP4) expression in cultured rat spinal cord astrocytes after oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Methods The post-natal day 1–2 Sprague-Dawley rat spinal cord astrocytes were cultured in vitro, and the OGD/R model was induced. We first investigated the effects of OGD/R on spinal cord astrocytic swelling and HMGB1 and AQP4 expression, as well as HMGB1 release. We then studied the effects of HMGB1 inhibition on cellular swelling, HMGB1 and AQP4 expression, and HMGB1 release. The roles of both toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in reducing cellular swelling resulting from HMGB1 inhibition in spinal cord astrocytes after OGD/R were studied. Intergroup data were compared using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett’s test. Results The OGD/R increased spinal cord astrocytic swelling and HMGB1 and AQP4 expression, as well as HMGB1 release. Inhibition of HMGB1 using either HMGB1 shRNA or ethyl pyruvate resulted in reduced cellular volume, mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum swelling, and lysosome number and decreased upregulation of both HMGB1 and AQP4 in spinal cord astrocytes, as well as HMGB1 release. The HMGB1 effects on spinal cord astrocytic swelling and AQP4 upregulation after OGD/R were mediated—at least in part—via activation of TLR4, myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88), and NF-κB. These activation effects can be repressed by TLR4 inhibition using CLI-095 or C34, or by NF-κB inhibition using BAY 11-7082. Furthermore, either OGD/R or HMGB1 inhibition resulted in changes in IL-6 release. IL-6 was also shown to mediate AQP4 expression in spinal cord astrocytes. Conclusions HMGB1 upregulates AQP4 expression and promotes cell swelling in cultured spinal cord astrocytes after OGD/R, which is mediated through HMGB1/TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling and in an IL-6-dependent manner.

Published
2017
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22. Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Both Overlapping and Independent Genetic Loci to Control Seed Weight and Silique Length in Brassica napus

Author

Hongli Dong, Chuandong Tan, Yuzhen Li, Yan He, Shuai Wei, Yixin Cui, Yangui Chen, Dayong Wei, Ying Fu, Yajun He, Huafang Wan, Zhi Liu, Qing Xiong, Kun Lu, Jiana Li, and Wei Qian

Subjects
Brassica napus, genome-wide association study, seed weight, silique length, BnaA.ARF18.a, Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract

Seed weight (SW) is one of three determinants of seed yield, which positively correlates with silique length (SL) in Brassica napus (rapeseed). However, the genetic mechanism underlying the relationship between seed weight (SW) and silique length (SL) is largely unknown at present. A natural population comprising 157 inbred lines in rapeseed was genotyped by whole-genome re-sequencing and investigated for SW and SL over four years. The genome-wide association study identified 20 SNPs in significant association with SW on A01, A04, A09, C02, and C06 chromosomes and the phenotypic variation explained by a single locus ranged from 11.85% to 34.58% with an average of 25.43%. Meanwhile, 742 SNPs significantly associated with SL on A02, A03, A04, A07, A08, A09, C01, C03, C04, C06, C07, and C08 chromosomes were also detected and the phenotypic variation explained by a single locus ranged from 4.01 to 48.02% with an average of 33.33%, out of which, more than half of the loci had not been reported in the previous studies. There were 320 overlapping or linked SNPs for both SW and SL on A04, A09, and C06 chromosomes. It indicated that both overlapping and independent genetic loci controlled both SW and SL in B. napus. On the haplotype block on A09 chromosome, the allele variants of a known gene BnaA.ARF18.a controlling both SW and SL were identified in the natural population by developing derived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (dCAPS) markers. These findings are valuable for understanding the genetic mechanism of SW and SL and also for rapeseed molecular breeding programs.

Published
2018
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23. QTL Mapping of Seed Glucosinolate Content Responsible for Environment in Brassica napus

Author

Yajun He, Ying Fu, Dingxue Hu, Dayong Wei, and Wei Qian

Subjects
Brassica napus, quantitative trait loci, seed glucosinolate, environment, flowering time, Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract

Glucosinolates (GSLs) are a major class of secondary metabolites. The content of seed GSL is largely regulated by environments in rapeseed (Brassica napus). However, the genetic control of seed GSL content responsible for environment in B. napus has been poorly understood. In the current study, a doubled haploid (DH) population from a cross between winter and semi-winter lines of rapeseed was grown in two distinct eco-environments, Germany and China, to evaluate the eco-environment effect and dissect the quantitative trait loci (QTL) responsible for environment for seed GSL in rapeseed. The deviation value of GSL content between eco-environments (GSLE) was calculated for each line in the DH population and the QTLs for GSLE were detected. GSLE ranged from −46.90 to 36.13 μmol g−1 meal in the DH population, suggesting the prominent eco-environmental effects for seed GSL in rapeseed. Four QTLs for GSLE were identified on chromosomes A04, A06, and A09 explaining 4.70∼9.93% of the phenotypic variation. Comparison of QTLs of seed GSL content between different eco-environments found three QTLs for GSL on A02 from 37.6 to 45.4 cM, A04 from 0 to 17.2 cM, and A09 from 67.0 to 98.6 cM exhibited significant difference of QTL effect between the German and Chinese eco-environments (P < 0.01), indicating the environment sensibility of these loci on seed GSL content. Moreover, flowering time (FT), an important environment adaptation trait in plant, was also investigated in this study. Comparative QTL analysis among GSLE, GSL, and FT revealed that three regions on chromosomes A02, A04, and A09 not only exhibited significant differences in QTL effect between Germany and China, but also co-located with the QTL intervals of GSLE and FT. Our results revealed that most of the GSL loci can influence GSL accumulation under different eco-environments, whereas the three QTL intervals on A02, A04, and A09 might be sensitive to the eco-environments for seed GSL content.

Published
2018
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24. DWARF14, A Receptor Covalently Linked with the Active Form of Strigolactones, Undergoes Strigolactone-Dependent Degradation in Rice

Author

Qingliang Hu, Yajun He, Lei Wang, Simiao Liu, Xiangbing Meng, Guifu Liu, Yanhui Jing, Mingjiang Chen, Xiaoguang Song, Liang Jiang, Hong Yu, Bing Wang, and Jiayang Li

Subjects
Oryza sativa, plant hormones, strigolactones, hydrolase, DWARF14, proteolysis, Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract

Strigolactones (SLs) are the latest confirmed phytohormones that regulate shoot branching by inhibiting bud outgrowth in higher plants. Perception of SLs depends on a novel mechanism employing an enzyme-receptor DWARF14 (D14) that hydrolyzes SLs and becomes covalently modified. This stimulates the interaction between D14 and D3, leading to the ubiquitination and degradation of the transcriptional repressor protein D53. However, the regulation of SL perception in rice remains elusive. In this study, we provide evidences that D14 is ubiquitinated after SL treatment and degraded through the 26S proteasome system. The Lys280 site of the D14 amino acid sequence was important for SL-induced D14 degradation, but did not change the subcellular localization of D14 nor disturbed the interaction between D14 and D3, nor D53 degradation. Biochemical and genetic analysis indicated that the key amino acids in the catalytic center of D14 were essential for D14 degradation. We further showed that D14 degradation is dependent on D3 and is tightly correlated with protein levels of D53. These findings revealed that D14 degradation takes place following D53 degradation and functions as an important feedback regulation mechanism of SL perception in rice.

Published
2017
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26. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of WRKY Transcription Factors under Multiple Stresses in Brassica napus.

Author

Yajun He, Shaoshuai Mao, Yulong Gao, Liying Zhu, Daoming Wu, Yixin Cui, Jiana Li, and Wei Qian

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

WRKY transcription factors play important roles in responses to environmental stress stimuli. Using a genome-wide domain analysis, we identified 287 WRKY genes with 343 WRKY domains in the sequenced genome of Brassica napus, 139 in the A sub-genome and 148 in the C sub-genome. These genes were classified into eight groups based on phylogenetic analysis. In the 343 WRKY domains, a total of 26 members showed divergence in the WRKY domain, and 21 belonged to group I. This finding suggested that WRKY genes in group I are more active and variable compared with genes in other groups. Using genome-wide identification and analysis of the WRKY gene family in Brassica napus, we observed genome duplication, chromosomal/segmental duplications and tandem duplication. All of these duplications contributed to the expansion of the WRKY gene family. The duplicate segments that were detected indicated that genome duplication events occurred in the two diploid progenitors B. rapa and B. olearecea before they combined to form B. napus. Analysis of the public microarray database and EST database for B. napus indicated that 74 WRKY genes were induced or preferentially expressed under stress conditions. According to the public QTL data, we identified 77 WRKY genes in 31 QTL regions related to various stress tolerance. We further evaluated the expression of 26 BnaWRKY genes under multiple stresses by qRT-PCR. Most of the genes were induced by low temperature, salinity and drought stress, indicating that the WRKYs play important roles in B. napus stress responses. Further, three BnaWRKY genes were strongly responsive to the three multiple stresses simultaneously, which suggests that these 3 WRKY may have multi-functional roles in stress tolerance and can potentially be used in breeding new rapeseed cultivars. We also found six tandem repeat pairs exhibiting similar expression profiles under the various stress conditions, and three pairs were mapped in the stress related QTL regions, indicating tandem duplicate WRKYs in the adaptive responses to environmental stimuli during the evolution process. Our results provide a framework for future studies regarding the function of WRKY genes in response to stress in B. napus.

Published
2016
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27. E. adenophorum Induces Cell Cycle and Apoptosis of Renal Cells through Mitochondrial Pathway and Caspase Activation in Saanen Goat.

Author

Yajun He, Weihong Chen, Yanchun Hu, Biao Luo, Lei Wu, Yan Qiao, Quan Mo, Ruiguang Xu, Yancheng Zhou, Zhihua Ren, Zhicai Zuo, Junliang Deng, Guangneng Peng, Wei He, and Yahui Wei

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

The cytotoxicity effects of E. adenophorum on cell cycle and apoptosis of renal cells in Saanen goat was evaluated by TUNEL, DAPI, AO/EB staining, DNA fragmentation assay, Caspase activity, Western-blot, qRT-PCR and flow cytometry analysis. 16 saanen goats randomly divided into four groups were fed on 0%, 40%, 60% and 80% E. adenophorum diets. The Results showed that E. adenophorum induced typical apoptotic features of renal cells. E. adenophorum significantly suppressed renal cells viability, caused cell cycle activity arrest and induced typical apoptotic features in a dose-dependent manner. However, the protein levels of Fas/FasL, Bid and caspase-8 did not appear significant changes in the process of E. adenophorum-induced apoptosis. Moreover, E. adenophorum administration slightly decreased Bcl-2 expression, promoted Bax translocation to mitochondria, triggered the release of Cyt c from mitochondria into cytosol and activated caspase-9, -3, and cleaved PARP. The mitochondrial p53 translocation was significantly activated, accompanied by a significant increase in the loss of ΔΨm, Cyt c release and caspase-9 activation. Above all, these data suggest that E. adenophorum induces renal cells apoptosis via the activation of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway in renal cells. These findings may provide new insights to understand the mechanisms involved in E. adenophorum-caused cytotoxicity of renal cells.

Published
2015
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28. A high-density SNP map for accurate mapping of seed fibre QTL in Brassica napus L.

Author

Liezhao Liu, Cunmin Qu, Benjamin Wittkop, Bin Yi, Yang Xiao, Yajun He, Rod J Snowdon, and Jiana Li

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

A high density genetic linkage map for the complex allotetraploid crop species Brassica napus (oilseed rape) was constructed in a late-generation recombinant inbred line (RIL) population, using genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers assayed by the Brassica 60 K Infinium BeadChip Array. The linkage map contains 9164 SNP markers covering 1832.9 cM. 1232 bins account for 7648 of the markers. A subset of 2795 SNP markers, with an average distance of 0.66 cM between adjacent markers, was applied for QTL mapping of seed colour and the cell wall fiber components acid detergent lignin (ADL), cellulose and hemicellulose. After phenotypic analyses across four different environments a total of 11 QTL were detected for seed colour and fiber traits. The high-density map considerably improved QTL resolution compared to the previous low-density maps. A previously identified major QTL with very high effects on seed colour and ADL was pinpointed to a narrow genome interval on chromosome A09, while a minor QTL explaining 8.1% to 14.1% of variation for ADL was detected on chromosome C05. Five and three QTL accounting for 4.7% to 21.9% and 7.3% to 16.9% of the phenotypic variation for cellulose and hemicellulose, respectively, were also detected. To our knowledge this is the first description of QTL for seed cellulose and hemicellulose in B. napus, representing interesting new targets for improving oil content. The high density SNP genetic map enables navigation from interesting B. napus QTL to Brassica genome sequences, giving useful new information for understanding the genetics of key seed quality traits in rapeseed.

Published
2013
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31. MDSCs in sepsis-induced immunosuppression and its potential therapeutic targets

Author

Wanying, Zhang, Xiangzhi, Fang, Chenggang, Gao, Chaoying, Song, Yajun, He, Ting, Zhou, Xiaobo, Yang, You, Shang, and Jiqian, Xu

Subjects
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Immunology, Immunology and Allergy, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Abstract

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. In sepsis, a complicated immune response is initiated, which varies over time with sustained excessive inflammation and immunosuppression. Identifying a promising way to orchestrate sepsis-induced immunosuppression is a challenge. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) comprise pathologically activated neutrophils and monocytes with potent immunosuppressive activity. They play an important part in inhibiting innate and adaptive immune responses, and have emerged as part of the immune response in sepsis. MDSCs numbers are persistently high in sepsis patients, and associated with nosocomial infections and other adverse clinical outcomes. However, their characteristics and functional mechanisms during sepsis have not been addressed fully. Our review sheds light on the features and suppressive mechanism of MDSCs. We also review the potential applications of MDSCs as biomarkers and targets for clinical treatment of sepsis.

Published
2023

32. NLRC3 expression in macrophage impairs glycolysis and host immune defense by modulating the NF-κB-NFAT5 complex during septic immunosuppression

Author

Jiqian Xu, Chenggang Gao, Yajun He, Xiangzhi Fang, Deyi Sun, Zhekang Peng, Hairong Xiao, Miaomiao Sun, Pei Zhang, Ting Zhou, Xiaobo Yang, Yuan Yu, Ruiting Li, Xiaojing Zou, Huaqing Shu, Yang Qiu, Xi Zhou, Shiying Yuan, Shanglong Yao, and You Shang

Subjects
Immunosuppression Therapy, Mammals, Pharmacology, Macrophages, TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases, NF-kappa B, Mice, Sepsis, Drug Discovery, Genetics, Animals, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Molecular Medicine, Molecular Biology, Transcription Factors
Abstract

Impairment of innate immune cell function and metabolism underlies immunosuppression in sepsis; however, a promising therapy to orchestrate this impairment is currently lacking. In this study, high levels of NOD-like receptor family CARD domain containing-3 (NLRC3) correlated with the glycolytic defects of monocytes/macrophages from septic patients and mice that developed immunosuppression. Myeloid-specific NLRC3 deletion improved macrophage glycolysis and sepsis-induced immunosuppression. Mechanistically, NLRC3 inhibits nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 binding to nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5), which further controls the expression of glycolytic genes and proinflammatory cytokines of immunosuppressive macrophages. This is achieved by decreasing NF-κB activation-co-induced by TNF-receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-and decreasing transcriptional co-activator p300 activity by inducing NLRC3 sequestration of mTOR and p300. Genetic inhibition of NLRC3 disrupted the NLRC3-mTOR-p300 complex and enhanced NF-κB binding to the NFAT5 promoter in concert with p300. Furthermore, intrapulmonary delivery of recombinant adeno-associated virus harboring a macrophage-specific NLRC3 deletion vector significantly improved the defense of septic mice that developed immunosuppression upon secondary intratracheal bacterial challenge. Collectively, these findings indicate that NLRC3 mediates critical aspects of innate immunity that contribute to an immunocompromised state during sepsis and identify potential therapeutic targets.

Published
2023

40. The impacts of probiotics in eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori

Author

Xiaofen, Bai, Minjie, Zhu, Yajun, He, Tengyan, Wang, Da, Tian, and Jianchang, Shu

Subjects
Helicobacter pylori, Probiotics, Genetics, Humans, General Medicine, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Microbiology, Helicobacter Infections, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Anti-Bacterial Agents
Abstract

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a well-known pathogen that infects approximately half of the world’s population. It is a pathogenic agent with potential health hazards related to diverse diseases, especially digestive diseases, such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric carcinoma. In clinical, antibiotics are commonly applied in eradication therapy of H. pylori. However, the increase in antibiotic resistance and side effects has induced the failure of eradication therapy. Recent studies have shown that probiotic supplementation has promising application prospects. It can restore the gastrointestinal microbiota balance and prevent dysbacteriosis caused by antibiotics. Furthermore, it has been reported to have direct or indirect inhibitory effects on H. pylori. Probiotics may have a beneficial effect on H. pylori eradication. However, the strain, dosages, duration times, and safety of probiotic supplementation need further study before clinical applications.

Published
2022

41. [Research advances of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in sepsis-induced immunosuppression]

Author

Zhekang, Peng, Jiqian, Xu, Yajun, He, Deyi, Sun, and You, Shang

Subjects
Immunosuppression Therapy, Inflammation, Cross Infection, Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells, Sepsis, Humans
Abstract

Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Most patients with sepsis underwent a state of immune suppression after surviving the acute inflammatory response, and were susceptible to secondary nosocomial infections, leading to a prolonged hospitalization and increased mortality rate. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a heterogeneous population with immunosuppressive activities, can contribute to the development of immunosuppression in patients with cancer and inhibit the host immune response, but the characteristics of MDSCs and their functional mechanism has not been fully addressed in the development of sepsis-induced immunosuppression. Thus, this review will summary the new findings on the mechanisms of MDSCs in septic immunosuppressionin order to provide ideas and directions for targeting MDSCs as treatment of septic immunosuppression.

Published
2022

43. Encapsulation of Co single sites in covalent triazine frameworks for photocatalytic production of syngas

Author

Chengkai Yang, Liuyi Li, Chen Xin, Chi Huang, Yajun He, and Yan Yu

Subjects
Materials science, Aqueous solution, Heterojunction, 02 engineering and technology, General Medicine, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Photochemistry, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Catalysis, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Covalent bond, Intramolecular force, Photocatalysis, 0210 nano-technology, Triazine, Syngas
Abstract

The photocatalytic production of syngas using a noble-metal-free catalytic system is a promising approach for renewable energy and environmental sustainability. In this study, we demonstrate an efficient catalytic system formed by integrating Co single sites, which act as the active sites, in covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs), which act as the photoabsorber, for the photocatalytic production of syngas from CO2 in aqueous solution. The enhanced light absorption of the CTFs, which contain intramolecular heterojunctions, in conjunction with 0.8 mmol L−1 of the Co complex enables excellent syngas production with a yield of 3303 μmol g−1 (CO:H2 = 1.4:1) in 10 h, which is about three times greater than that achieved using CTF without a heterojunction. In the photocatalytic reaction, the coordinated single Co centers accept the photogenerated electrons from the CTF, and serve as active sites for CO2 conversion through an adsorption-activation-reaction mechanism. Theoretical calculations further reveal that the intramolecular heterojunctions highly promote photogenerated charge separation, thus boosting photocatalytic syngas production. This work reveals the promising potential of CTFs for single-metal-site-based photocatalysis.

Published
2021

44. Benefits of active site proximity in Cu@UiO-66 catalysts for efficient upgrading of ethanol to n-butanol

Author

Weixin Guan, Bing Xue, Yaohui He, Kegong Fang, Danfeng Zhou, Jian Zhou, Dong Wang, Xiaonian Li, Yajun He, Jun Ni, Lijun Zhang, and Yunhui Cheng

Subjects
biology, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Acetaldehyde, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Active site, Combinatorial chemistry, Catalysis, chemistry.chemical_compound, Fuel Technology, chemistry, Cascade reaction, n-Butanol, Yield (chemistry), biology.protein, Dehydrogenation, Crotonaldehyde
Abstract

The upgrading of ethanol to n-butanol converts abundant bioethanol to a better gasoline replacement; however, as a representative tandem reaction it requires the presence of multiple types of active sites in one catalyst, which imposes a great challenge on the synthesis of catalysts. Although a variety of heterogeneous catalysts have been explored in this reaction, the development of efficient catalysts remains sluggish due to the limited knowledge of active sites. Herein, we demonstrated that by using Cu@UiO-66 catalysts with distinctive structures, two kinds of sites were identified: internal Cu metal sites and Lewis acid–oxygen vacancy pairs (Zr3–□) of Zr nodes in the pores of UiO-66 are the active sites, whereas Cu metal sites and Zr nodes on the external surface of UiO-66 are less involved in the upgrading of ethanol to n-butanol. And the intimate contact between internal Cu metal sites and Zr3–□ dictates the key step reactions, namely ethanol dehydrogenation, acetaldehyde condensation, and crotonaldehyde hydrogenation. Benefiting from this proximity, a high yield of n-butanol (22.2%) with negligible amounts of gaseous products could be obtained, which ranks Cu@UiO-66 catalysts among the best state-of-the-art Cu-based catalysts thus giving them great potential applications in industry.

Published
2021

46. Combining quantitative trait locus and co-expression analysis allowed identification of new candidates for oil accumulation in rapeseed

Author

Wei Qian, Xiao Zeng, Yang Xu, Yixin Cui, Jiana Li, Yonghong Zhou, Jinghang Liao, Hongli Dong, Qing Xiong, Huafang Wan, Zhi Liu, Liang Guo, Christian Jung, Yajun He, Guanqun Chen, and Dayong Wei

Subjects
Genetics, chemistry.chemical_classification, Rapeseed, biology, Physiology, Brassica napus, Brassica rapa, Quantitative Trait Loci, Chromosome Mapping, food and beverages, Plant Science, Quantitative trait locus, biology.organism_classification, Sucrose transport, chemistry, Arabidopsis, Seeds, Plant Oils, Arabidopsis thaliana, Storage protein, Silique, Gene
Abstract

In crops there are quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in which some of the causal quantitative trait genes (QTGs) have not been functionally characterized even in the model plant Arabidopsis. We propose an approach to delineate QTGs in rapeseed by coordinating expression of genes located within QTLs and known orthologs related to traits from Arabidopsis. Using this method in developing siliques 15 d after pollination in 71 lines of rapeseed, we established an acyl-lipid metabolism co-expression network with 21 modules composed of 270 known acyl-lipid genes and 3503 new genes. The core module harbored 76 known genes involved in fatty acid and triacylglycerol biosynthesis and 671 new genes involved in sucrose transport, carbon metabolism, amino acid metabolism, seed storage protein processes, seed maturation, and phytohormone metabolism. Moreover, the core module closely associated with the modules of photosynthesis and carbon metabolism. From the co-expression network, we selected 12 hub genes to identify their putative Arabidopsis orthologs. These putative orthologs were functionally analysed using Arabidopsis knockout and overexpression lines. Four knockout mutants exhibited lower seed oil content, while the seed oil content in 10 overexpression lines was significantly increased. Therefore, combining gene co-expression network analysis and QTL mapping, this study provides new insights into the detection of QTGs and into acyl-lipid metabolism in rapeseed.

Published
2020

48. Rapid and specific isolation of intact mitochondria from Arabidopsis leaves

Author

Jiayang Li, Jinfang Chu, Jijun Yan, Lilan Luo, Qian Xu, Wenhui Lyu, Peiyong Xin, Dahan Zhang, Hong Yu, and Yajun He

Subjects
Plant Leaves, Biochemistry, Arabidopsis Proteins, Arabidopsis, Genetics, Biology, Mitochondrion, biology.organism_classification, Isolation (microbiology), Molecular Biology, Mitochondria
Published
2020

49. Search for New Phenomena in Final States with Two Leptons and One or No b -Tagged Jets at s=13 TeV Using the ATLAS Detector

Author

John-Bjarne Hansen, Maheyer Jamshed Shroff, Clement Helsens, Lorenzo Pezzotti, Otmar Biebel, Peilong Wang, Takuya Nobe, Shahzad Ali, Joseph Mullin, Guy Rosin, Wing Sheung Chan, Jeffrey David Shahinian, Gerjan Bobbink, Simon Berlendis, Dmitry Golubkov, Katharina Schleicher, W. D. Breaden Madden, Kirill Grevtsov, Karel Smolek, Werner Wiedenmann, M. J. Alconada Verzini, Shunichi Akatsuka, Attila Krasznahorkay, Ilija Vukotic, Lukas Ehrke, Petter Nilsson, Panagiotis Gkountoumis, Xiangke Zhang, Rui Yuan, Anna Goussiou, Marco Sessa, Marisilvia Donadelli, Elisabetta Pianori, Blair Daniel Seidlitz, A. V. Kotwal, Daniel Hayden, R. J. Teuscher, Christopher Andrew Garner, Julia Lynne Gonski, S. Pagan Griso, Federico Sforza, Maria-evanthia Tsopoulou, Nikolai Zimine, D. Amidei, Jackson Carl Burzynski, Fabian Alexander Förster, D. Gillberg, Rupert Leitner, Edward Diehl, J. A. Aparisi Pozo, Konstantinos Nikolopoulos, Devin James Mahon, Evgeniy Khramov, Hideyuki Oide, Dugan O'Neil, Andy Chen, Robert Astalos, Emmanuel Monnier, R. S. Orr, R. Hyneman, Roman Lysak, Christian Wiel, Matthieu Robin, S. Calvente Lopez, Gordon Watts, W. Y. Chan, T. S. Lau, J. W. S. Carter, Kevin Nicholas Barends, Rafal Staszewski, Gabija Zemaityte, M. R. Sutton, Li Xu, Kun Liu, Nicholas Adam Styles, R. W. Wölker, Federico Meloni, V. Izzo, Mark Owen, Didier Ferrere, Simone Francescato, Lorenzo Marcoccia, Christos Vergis, Nuno Filipe Castro, Michael James Fenton, Haifeng Li, Luigi Marchese, Dario Barberis, A. G. Clark, Igor Gavrilenko, Matteo Bauce, Puja Saha, Marcel Michael Stanitzki, Evelin Bakos, Junji Tojo, Y. C. Zhu, Paolo Camarri, Stefan Tapprogge, Y. Kulchitsky, Fabrizio Alfonsi, Artur Cardoso Coimbra, Kate Shaw, Lorne Levinson, Adam Jinaru, S. H. Tlou, P. Conde Muiño, Giancarlo Spigo, Kathleen Whalen, Athina Kourkoumeli-Charalampidi, Barbara Wosiek, Trevor Vickey, Olga Zormpa, Phillip Gutierrez, Darij Markian Starko, M. Della Pietra, Xiaohu Sun, Y. S. Ng, Jafar Shojaii, Sarah Whitney Ferguson, Andrea Catinaccio, S. Li, A. Rocchi, Arnaud Ferrari, Lingxin Meng, Marcia Begalli, Ilaria Luise, Sebastian Andreas Merkt, Gideon Bella, Massimo Corradi, Mario Lassnig, A. Maio, Marc Geisen, Teresa Barillari, Marcus Morgenstern, M. K. Ayoub, Matthew Thomas Anthony, Dewen Zhong, G. R. Gonzalvo Rodriguez, Judith Hofer, R. Di Nardo, Shangfeng Yang, Callum Jacob Birch-Sykes, Ljiljana Morvaj, Chikuma Kato, Norbert Wermes, Marjorie Shapiro, Song-Ming Wang, Thomas James Stevenson, H. Herde, Pavol Strizenec, J. Salt, K. Graham, Siegfried Wenig, Raymond Brock, M. N. Agaras, Diptaparna Biswas, A. Rodriguez Rodriguez, Cheng Chen, Yusong Tian, Eric Drechsler, A. Di Ciaccio, Osamu Sasaki, S. George, K. Al Khoury, Abner Soffer, Jana Schaarschmidt, M. Valente, D. Fassouliotis, Trisha Farooque, Alexander Paramonov, Peter Berta, Jacqueline Batley, Sophie Trincaz-Duvoid, Kazuhiko Hara, Thomas Mathisen, Emmanuel Sauvan, Nedaa Asbah, G. Mikenberg, Giovanni Crosetti, Stefania Antonia Stucci, Giovanna Bruni, Klaus Mönig, S. De Castro, Stephen Albert Weber, Magdalena Slawinska, Shaojun Sun, Mark Kruse, Matous Vozak, A. Sbrizzi, Dennis Sperlich, Gareth Adam Bird, Filomena Sopkova, Lewis Joseph Wilkins, Ph. Schune, W-M. Yao, Alison Lister, Sebastien Rettie, K. H. Hiller, Bryan Kortman, Dale Charles Abbott, R. C. W. Henderson, Marija Glisic, Irina Antonela Cioara, Are Sivertsen Traeet, G. Lehmann Miotto, Jason Lea Oliver, Marine Kuna, Soshi Tsuno, S. L. Wu, Hamish Edward Teagle, Sara Strandberg, Tomomi Kawaguchi, Babar Ali, R.-J. Wang, Tracey Berry, Eric Schanet, Abdualazem Fadol Mohammed, Matthias Saimpert, Fabio Cerutti, R. Gupta, James David Shinner, Candice Ruth Basson, Giordon Holtsberg Stark, Daniela Salvatore, Marco Aurelio Diaz, Yumeng Cao, Tim Martin, Bernhard Matthias Flierl, Kerstin Tackmann, Olga Novgorodova, Marlon Barbero, Sicong Lu, Julien Donini, P. A. Delsart, Monika Wielers, C. F. Feng, Adam Edward Barton, D. Su, Gregory Barbour, Lars Henkelmann, Rena Wakasa, A. Tarek Abouelfadl Mohamed, Paul Tipton, Allen Mincer, Anatoly Kozhin, Ryan Justin Atkin, David Francis, Marcello Fanti, A. C. Abusleme Hoffman, Pepijn Johannes Bakker, J. Beringer, J. Walder, Jun Yan, R. F. Coelho Barrue, Jiri Hejbal, Vincent Hedberg, Vadim Bednyakov, Stefan Simion, Angelos Tsiamis, Lily Asquith, Marco Aparo, Eric Ballabene, Garabed Halladjian, Shalu Solomon, Iacopo Longarini, Victor Kukhtin, Stefan Richter, Reiyo Oishi, A. De Maria, Eric Lancon, J. Boudreau, M. Franklin, Mohamed Ouchrif, Michael R. 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Liu, Xin Wu, Abdenour Lounis, Yi Fan Hu, Rong Zhang, Jahred Adelman, Alain Bellerive, Takashi Mitani, Harry Cooke, Christian Nass, G. N. Taylor, Marco Bomben, C. L. Cheng, Nansi Andari, Lianyou Shan, Richard Nisius, Simone Sottocornola, Stergios Kazakos, Shuaiyan Kang, Melissa Ridel, Deshan Kavishka Abhayasinghe, Michael Dührssen, Henso Abreu, Arabinda Behera, Troels Petersen, Francesco Lanni, Nikolai Fomin, Benjamin Brau, Zihang Jia, Nazim Huseynov, Jaroslava Schovancova, Wenge Wang, E. Thomson, Matteo Negrini, L. Zhang, S. Rodriguez Bosca, Seppe Kuehn, R. E. Long, Christian Ohm, Nandish Arjan Gorasia, Q. Ouyang, Alice Polyxeni Morris, Xiaoxiong Wang, Ilya Korolkov, M. G. Alviggi, Peiliang Liu, Zhiqing Zhang, Balazs Konya, Xiaoguang Yue, Ben Bruers, Alicia Wongel, J. A. Valls Ferrer, Sascha Mehlhase, Marco Cristoforetti, L. Aperio Bella, Nikolaos Rompotis, Ruth Poettgen, Gregor Kramberger, Cigdem Issever, Peter Steinberg, Anatoli Romaniouk, Horst Severini, Cyril Becot, C. M. Gee, Trygve Buanes, Kevin Sedlaczek, S. Ozturk, Christopher Don Milke, J. Tanaka, Y. Hernández Jiménez, Wen-Xu Wang, Vladimir Smakhtin, J. O. Nielsen, Aviv Ruben Cukierman, Paolo Bagnaia, Apostolos Tsirigotis, Guang-Ming Zhang, D. Levin, Karsten Köneke, E. von Toerne, Rachid Mazini, Joyful Elma Mdhluli, R. J. Hawkings, J. Chen, D. Pohl, L. F. Gutierrez Zagazeta, Gabriel Alexandru Popeneciu, Marcel Vos, S. Gonzalez Fernandez, Gavin Pownall, M. C. N. Fiolhais, Chuanshun Wei, Georges Aad, Leonid Serkin, Hubert Kroha, Hong Ma, Lara Katharina Schildgen, Cheng Guang Zhu, Matt Zhang, Peter Tornambe, Jennifer Kathryn Roloff, P. J. Clark, M. Rezaei Estabragh, F. G. Diaz Capriles, J. Kroll, A. Pacheco Pages, Hidetoshi Otono, Alexandre Laurier, P. Johansson, William Trischuk, Alexandra Tudorache, Carmen Maidantchik, L. Manhaes de Andrade Filho, A. P. Pereira Peixoto, Eloisa Arena, Alexander Zaitsev, Martin Habedank, Antoine Laudrain, Hella Leonie Snoek, Jean-Francois Grivaz, Christopher Grud, Dmitriy Maximov, Trine Poulsen, P. de Jong, Christopher Samuel Pollard, Claudio Luci, Patrawan Pasuwan, Driss Benchekroun, A. Korn, Oliver Majersky, Robert Hankache, Michael William Phipps, Kunihiro Nagano, M. Sahinsoy, F. L. Castillo, I. Turk Cakir, John Rutherfoord, Florian Urs Bernlochner, Eunchong Kim, Dwayne Patrick Spiteri, Giacomo Artoni, Martin Murin, Jessica Metcalfe, Miroslav Hrabovsky, Kazunori Hanagaki, Benjamin Philip Nachman, I. Bloch, Iurii Naryshkin, Kanae Asai, Alessandro Caltabiano, A. Soloshenko, Thomas Dennis Powell, Reinhard Schwienhorst, Y. Chen, Adelina D'onofrio, Nils Gillwald, Helmut Wolters, Y-H. Chen, Ferdinand Krieter, Mateusz Dyndal, Ewelina Lobodzinska, Toshiaki Kaji, B. M. Waugh, Philipp Do Nascimento Gaspar, Ellis Fawn Kay, Claire Antel, Marcin Stolarski, David William Thomas, Nikola Makovec, Matthias Hamer, K. 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Affolder, Lukas Adamek, Antonio Sidoti, Ian Hinchliffe, Emily Ann Smith, Shikma Bressler, Mariya Shiyakova, Feng Lyu, and Danilo Giugni

Subjects
Quark, Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Large Hadron Collider, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, ATLAS experiment, General Physics and Astronomy, Lambda, Coupling (probability), 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Invariant mass, 010306 general physics, Lepton
Abstract

A search for new phenomena is presented in final states with two leptons and one or no $b$-tagged jets. The event selection requires the two leptons to have opposite charge, the same flavor (electrons or muons), and a large invariant mass. The analysis is based on the full Run-2 proton-proton collision dataset recorded at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$. No significant deviation from the expected background is observed in the data. A four-fermion contact interaction between two quarks ($b,s$) and two leptons ($ee$ or $\mu\mu$), inspired by the $B$-meson decay anomalies, is used as a benchmark signal model. This model is characterized by the energy scale and coupling, $\Lambda$ and $g_*$ respectively. Contact interactions with $\Lambda / g_*$ lower than 2.0 (2.4) TeV are excluded for electrons (muons) at the 95% confidence level, still far below the value which is favored by the $B$-meson decay anomalies. In addition, model-independent limits are set as a function of the selection on the dilepton invariant mass, which allows the results to be reinterpreted in other signal scenarios.

Published
2021

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