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High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) isolated by immunoaffinity chromatography and separated by immobilized pH gradient-isoelectric focusing (IPG-IEF) were examined by mass spectrometry directly, applying a new proteomics technology, virtual two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis. A preliminary examination of HDL particles has revealed at least 42 unique masses for protein species with isoelectric points between pH 5.47-5.04, some of which have not been observed previously. By delivering masses of intact proteins from complex cellular mixtures in a format that correlates directly to classical 2-D gel analyses, virtual 2-D gel electrophoresis constitutes a general discovery tool to expose and monitor protein isoforms and post-translational modifications. Furthermore, its general ability to deliver ions from sub-picomole level proteins enmeshed in complex cellular mixtures potentially fulfills the need of top-down proteomics to obtain intact protein ions from microscale samples. Additional comparison of such data to 2-D gel analyses and their identified proteins may elucidate the functions of the individual apolipoprotein components and the cardioprotective effects of HDL.

Among those with chronic health conditions, the effective use of digital health services may foster more productive physician-patient encounters. This study examined the contribution of e-health literacy to patient communication behaviors and patient satisfaction. A cross-sectional survey was administered to a sample of Indian adults with chronic health conditions. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that e-health literacy directly predicted increased communication self-efficacy, patient empowerment, and reduced communication apprehension. Subsequent indirect effects tests showed that through these motivating factors, e-health literacy indirectly predicted increased patient communication and patient satisfaction. Overall, the findings indicate that the benefits of e-health literacy extend beyond digital information seeking more favorable medical consultations. Overall, enhancing chronically-ill patients’ digital health skills can lead to more productive medical consultations and better long-term health maintenance.

Strong doctor-patient relationships generate greater patient satisfaction and compliance with physician recommendations. Although prior research has explored distinct factors driving favorable patient outcomes, investigations have yet to comprehensively address the efficacy of different communication styles. Furthermore, it is critical to explore the full impact communication approaches have on perceptions of medical services. This investigation addressed two patient-centered communication approaches – empathy and nonverbal immediacy – as antecedents to Vietnamese patients’ impressions of physicians and hospital services. Results showed that these two factors were powerful, independent predictors of satisfaction and trust. Conversely, patient participation was a less robust predictor of judgments toward physicians as well as a weak mediator between patient-centered communication skills and favorable physician impressions. In addition, results showed that patient satisfaction in physicians was a key intervening factor in the relationship between patient-centered communication skills and hospital satisfaction. Overall, the findings highlight the critical importance of physician connectedness with patients as central to patients' global judgments of medical services.

The objective of this study was to evaluate long-term dentofacial changes in Chinese obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients treated with a mandibular advancement device (MAD). Lateral cephalograms in natural head posture were obtained from 67 consecutive OSA patients (mean age = 46.9 ± 8.9 years) treated with an MAD. The cephalograms were obtained at start of treatment (T0), after 1 year (T1), 2 years (T2), and 3 years (T3) of treatment. The lateral cephalograms were digitized twice, and the average of two readings was used for statistical analyses. Small, but statistically significant changes occurred in some dentofacial variables. The lower anterior facial height steadily increased during the observation period, and this increase was significant for the T0-T1 and T1-T2 periods and marginally significant for the T2-T3 period. A significant increase in the mandibular plane angle was observed during the T0-T1 and T2-T3 periods only. Significant reductions in the overjet and overbite were observed for the T0-T1 period but not thereafter. Statistically significant dentofacial changes were observed in this study, but they were of small magnitude. The overjet and overbite changes observed mainly occurred at the initial stage of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A hybrid optimization algorithm is developed to minimize the control energy and the structural weight under the constraints of the structural dynamic property requirements. A 72-bar space truss with two piezoelectric actuators is used to illustrate the complete process of this algorithm. It is shown that the control energy and the structural weight are clearly reduced using the proposed method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]