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1,428 results on '"Yamamoto, Junji"'

3. Loop Fayet-Iliopoulos terms in $T^2/Z_2$ models: instability and moduli stabilization

Author

Abe, Hiroyuki, Kobayashi, Tatsuo, Uemura, Shohei, and Yamamoto, Junji

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We study Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) terms of six-dimensional supersymmetric Abelian gauge theory compactified on a $T^2/Z_2$ orbifold. Such orbifold compactifications can lead to localized FI-terms and instability of bulk zero modes. We study 1-loop correction to FI-terms in more general geometry than the previous works. We find induced FI-terms depend on the complex structure of the compact space. We also find the complex structure of the torus can be stabilized at a specific value corresponding to a self-consistent supersymmetric minimum of the potential by such 1-loop corrections, which is applicable to the modulus stabilization., Comment: 28 pages, 4 figures

Published
2020
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5. Revisiting instabilities of $S^1/Z_2$ models with loop-induced Fayet-Iliopoulos terms

Author

Abe, Hiroyuki, Kobayashi, Tatsuo, Uemura, Shohei, and Yamamoto, Junji

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We study Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) terms of 5-dimensional supersymmetric $U(1)$ gauge theory compactified on $S^1/Z_2$. In this model, loop diagrams including matter hypermultiplets and brane chiral multiplets induce FI-terms localized at the fixed points. Localized FI-terms lead instabilities of bulk modes. The form of the induced FI-terms strictly depends on wave function profiles of matter multiplets. It is a non-trivial question whether the vacuum of 1-loop corrected potential is stable under radiative corrections. We investigate this issue and it is found that the stable configuration is obtained when the bulk zero modes shield the brane charge completely., Comment: 18 pages, 1 figure

Published
2019
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7. F-term Moduli Stabilization and Uplifting

Author

Kobayashi, Tatsuo, Seto, Osamu, Takada, Shintaro, Tatsuishi, Takuya H., Uemura, Shohei, and Yamamoto, Junji

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We study K\"ahler moduli stabilization in IIB superstring theory. We propose a new moduli stabilization mechanism by the supersymmetry-braking chiral superfield which is coupled to K\"ahler moduli in K\"ahler potential. We also study uplifting of the Large Volume Scenario (LVS) by it. In both cases, the form of superpotential is crucial for moduli stabilization. We confirm that our uplifting mechanism does not destabilize the vacuum of the LVS drastically., Comment: 22 pages, 2 figures

Published
2018
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8. Poly-instanton axion inflation

Author

Kobayashi, Tatsuo, Uemura, Shohei, and Yamamoto, Junji

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract

We investigate the axion inflation model derived by poly-instanton effects in type II superstring theories. Poly-instanton effects are instanton effects corrected by another instanton and it can generate the modulus-axion potential with the double exponential function. Although the axion has a period of small value, this potential can have a flat region because its derivatives are exponentially suppressed by non-perturbative effects. From the view point of the cosmic inflation, such potential is interesting. In this paper, we numerically study the possibilities for realizing the cosmic inflation. We also study their spectral index and other cosmological observables, numerically., Comment: 13 pages, 2 figures

Published
2017
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10. Massive higher spin fields in curved spacetime and necessity of non-minimal couplings

Author

Fukuma, Masafumi, Kawai, Hikaru, Sakai, Katsuta, and Yamamoto, Junji

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract

Free massive higher spin fields in weak background gravitational fields are discussed. Contrary to the spin one case, higher spin fields should have nontrivial non-minimal couplings to the curvature. A precise analysis is given for the spin 2 case, and it is shown that two conditions should be satisfied among five non-minimal coupling constants, which we derive both in the Hamiltonian and Lagrangian formalisms. It is checked that the linearized limit of the massive gravity theory indeed has the non-minimal couplings that satisfy the conditions. We also discuss the form of the non-minimal couplings for the spin 3 case., Comment: 19 pages; discussion on spin 3 added, references added (v2); footnote 9 corrected (v3)

Published
2016

12. Adjuvant chemotherapy can prolong recurrence-free survival but did not influence the type of recurrence or subsequent treatment in patients with colorectal liver metastases

Author

Kokudo, Takashi, Saiura, Akio, Takayama, Tadatoshi, Miyagawa, Shinichi, Yamamoto, Junji, Ijichi, Masayoshi, Teruya, Masanori, Yoshimi, Fuyo, Kawasaki, Seiji, Koyama, Hiroto, Oba, Masaru, Takahashi, Michiro, Mizunuma, Nobuyuki, Matsuyama, Yutaka, Ishihara, Soichiro, Makuuchi, Masatoshi, Kokudo, Norihiro, and Hasegawa, Kiyoshi

Published
2021
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19. A Novel Method for Acquired Sex Chromosome Mosaicism

Author

Tsuchiya, Junichi, primary, Maki, Yoshinori, additional, Ayano, Madoka, additional, Kikuchi, Taiki, additional, Watanabe, Yosuke, additional, Ohtake, Kiyoshi, additional, Fujita, Rumi, additional, Hayashi, Masaru, additional, Yamamoto, Junji, additional, Wang, Ying, additional, Anzai, Atsushi, additional, Kubo, Tomohiro, additional, and Sano, Soichi, additional

Published
2024
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20. Long-Term Results of High-Dose 2-Fraction Carbon Ion Radiation Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Author

Arii, Shigeki, Ebara, Masaaki, Furuse, Junji, Ohara, Kiyoshi, Okusaka, Takuji, Otsubo, Takehito, Otsuka, Masayuki, Kanai, Fumihoko, Kondo, Fukuo, Saito, Akiko, Shimizu, Yoshiaki, Takayasu, Kenichi, Udagawa, Ikuo, Yamamoto, Hiroshi, Yamamoto, Junji, Yamamoto, Masakazu, Yokosuka, Osamu, Yoshidome, Hiroyuki, Yasuda, Shigeo, Kato, Hirotoshi, Imada, Hiroshi, Isozaki, Yuka, Kasuya, Goro, Makishima, Hirokazu, Tsuji, Hiroshi, Ebner, Daniel K., Yamada, Shigeru, Kamada, Tadashi, Tsujii, Hirohiko, Kato, Naoya, and Miyazaki, Masaru

Published
2020
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22. A Multicenter Phase 2 Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of mFOLFOX6 + Cetuximab as Induction Chemotherapy to Achieve R0 Surgical Resection for Advanced Colorectal Liver Metastases (NEXTO Trial)

Author

Mise, Yoshihiro, Hasegawa, Kiyoshi, Saiura, Akio, Oba, Masaru, Yamamoto, Junji, Nomura, Yukihiro, Takayama, Tadatoshi, Hashiguchi, Yojiro, Shibasaki, Masayuki, Sakamoto, Hirohiko, Yamagata, Seiichi, Aoyanagi, Nobuyoshi, Kaneko, Hironori, Koyama, Hiroto, Miyagawa, Shinichi, Shinozaki, Eiji, Yoshida, Shuntaro, Nozawa, Hiroaki, and Kokudo, Norihiro

Published
2020
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31. A patient with a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor and multiple liver metastases achieved a long-term partial response to third-line streptozocin treatment

Author

Nagata, Hiromi, Einama, Takahiro, Hoshikawa, Mayumi, Iwasaki, Toshimitsu, Miyata, Yoichi, Nishikawa, Makoto, Kimura, Akifumi, Noro, Takuji, Ogata, Sho, Aosasa, Suefumi, Okamoto, Koichi, Kajiwara, Yoshiki, Shinto, Eiji, Yaguchi, Yoshihisa, Tsujimoto, Hironori, Hase, Kazuo, Ueno, Hideki, Kishi, Yoji, and Yamamoto, Junji

Published
2020
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36. Aortic carboxypeptidase-like protein, a WNT ligand, exacerbates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

Author

Teratani, Toshiaki, Tomita, Kengo, Suzuki, Takahiro, Furuhashi, Hirotaka, Irie, Rie, Nishikawa, Makoto, Yamamoto, Junji, Hibi, Toshifumi, Miura, Soichiro, Minamino, Tohru, Oike, Yuichi, Hokari, Ryota, and Kanai, Takanori

Subjects
Care and treatment, Development and progression, Genetic aspects, Health aspects, Liver diseases -- Genetic aspects -- Development and progression -- Care and treatment, Cellular proteins -- Health aspects, Cellular signal transduction -- Genetic aspects -- Health aspects
Abstract

Introduction Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. Currently, NAFLD is the most prevalent liver disease in the world, with an estimated 1 billion [...], Incidence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is considered a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, has been increasing worldwide with the rise in obesity; however, its pathological mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the hepatic expression of aortic carboxypeptidase-like protein (ACLP), a glycosylated, secreted protein, increases in NASH in humans and mice. Furthermore, we elucidate that ACLP is a ligand, unrelated to WNT proteins, that activates the canonical WNT pathway and exacerbates NASH pathology. In the liver, ACLP is specifically expressed in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). As fatty liver disease progresses, ACLP expression is enhanced via activation of STAT3 signaling by obesity-related factors in serum. ACLP specifically binds to frizzled-8 and low- density lipoprotein-related receptor 6 to form a ternary complex that activates canonical WNT signaling. Consequently, ACLP activates HSCs by inhibiting PPARy signals. HSC-specific ACLP deficiency inhibits fibrosis progression in NASH by inhibiting canonical WNT signaling in HSCs. The present study elucidates the role of canonical WNT pathway activation by ACLP in NASH pathology, indicating that NASH can be treated by targeting ACLP-induced canonical WNT pathway activation in HSCs.

Published
2018
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46. Volcanism in Response to Plate Flexure

Author

Hirano, Naoto, Takahashi, Eiichi, Yamamoto, Junji, Abe, Natsue, Ingle, Stephanie P., Kaneoka, Ichiro, Hirata, Takafumi, Kimura, Jun-Ichi, Ishii, Teruaki, Ogawa, Yujiro, Machida, Shiki, and Suyehiro, Kiyoshi

Published
2006

47. Factors Affecting Overall Evaluation of a University Class : Exploring Factors Improving Learning Motivation

Author

Yamamoto, Junji and Tokunaga, Saimi

Abstract

We investigated the factors affecting the overall evaluation (satisfaction and learning motivation) of a special subject at Hokkaido University to develop effective measures for improving classes in university education with the aim of cultivating a proactive student attitude toward learning. The findings were subjected to factor analysis, and classified into 4 types (teacher effort, class specifications, student effort, and teacher response). Covariance structure analysis was applied to examine the latent variables affecting the overall evaluation. Satisfaction was affected by the university's attitude, and learning motivation was affected by both the university's and students' attitudes. In other words, satisfaction can be easily improved by the efforts of the university itself, but to improve the learning motivation, it is necessary to stimulate the efforts of the students as well. According to multiple regression analysis, the learning motivation was affected by the degree to which teachers responded to students expressing their motivation, in addition to the enthusiasm of teachers. Therefore, to improve learning motivation, it will be effective for the university to not only provide an environment where students can easily ask questions and express their opinions, but also to continue to respond politely to their questions and opinions.

Published
2022

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