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Table S1. Catecholamine usage within 12â h of starting PMX-DHP and the doses administered (DOCX 28 kb)

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: To review the typical imaging features of non-calcified benign breast lesions on digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT). To learn how we should manage these benign lesions. To discuss the importance to find the hidden cancers overlaid with benign...

Chromatograms of DNA sequences of patients with pathogenic variants, possibly pathogenic variants, and VUS. Description of data: A figure showing partial chromatograms of DNA sequences of patients with pathogenic variants, possibly pathogenic variants, and VUS. (PPTX 3398Â kb)

Speech audiograms of patients with pathogenic and possibly pathogenic variants. A figure showing speech audiograms of patients with pathogenic and possibly pathogenic variants. (PPTX 268Â kb)

Methods of screening for GJB2 mutations and mitochondrial m.1555A > G and m.3243A > G mutations. Methods of screening for GJB2 mutation and mitochondrial m.1555A > G and m.3243A > G mutations used in this study. (DOCX 15 kb)

Chromosome numbers of 23 taxa of noteworthy plants collected from Yakushima Island are reported, including seven taxa in six families published for the first time: Acer morifolium （2n = 26）, Tripterospermum distylum （2n = 46）, Ophiorrhiza japonica （2n = 22）, Ainsliaea apiculata vars. acerifolia （2n = 26） and rotundifolia （2n = 26）, Smilax china var. yakusimensis （2n = ca. 90）, and Juncus wallichianus （2n = 80）. The chromosome number for Smilax china var. yakusimensis was found to be different from that of the typical variety, var. china in Honshu （2n = 60, 64）, and we consider that Smilax china may exhibit a polyploid series within the species. The chromosome number for Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus （2n = 14） is different from that of materials in Hokkaido （2n = 18）. Although chromosome number of Euphorbia jolkinii （2n = 26） is different from a previous report based on Korean material （2n = 28）, the number of the previous report is considered doubtful. Chromosome counts for the remaining 14 taxa agree with those already published: Illicium anisatum （2n = 28）, Trochodendron aralioides （2n = 40）, Heterotropa kumageana （2n = 24）, Sorbus commixta （2n = 34）, Viola iwagawae （2n = 22）, Viola sieboldii （2n = 24）, Rhododendron yakushimanum （2n= 26）, Utricularia yakusimensis （2n = 16）, Ainsliaea apiculata var. apiculata （2n = 26）, Ainsliaea faurieana （2n = 26）, Ixeris yakuinsularis （2n = 21）, Chionographis koidzumiana （2n = 24）, Metanarthecium luteo-viride f. luteo-viride （2n = 52）, and Arisaema sazensoo （2n = 28）. When comparing these chromosome numbers with those of closely related taxa, no differences were found except for Aruncus dioicus and Smilax china., 鹿児島県屋久島に生育する高等植物に関する細胞分類学的研究の第二報である。この報告では，屋久島に固有な分類群，屋久島を分布の南限・北限とする分類群，あるいはこれまで染色体数の報告のない分類群など，特筆すべき分類群に関する染色体数の報告をおこなう。15科19属23分類群について染色体数を算定したところ，7分類群（ヤクシマオナガカエデ（2n =26），ハナヤマツルリンドウ（2n = 46），サツマイナモリ（2n = 22），モミジバキッコウハグマ（2n= 26），マルバキッコウハグマ（2n = 26），ヤクシマカカラ（2n = ca. 90），ハリコウガイゼキショウ（2n = 80））については，今回はじめて染色体数を算定した。ヤマブキショウマについては，2n = 14が算定されたが，北海道産のもの （2n = 18） と異数性の違いがみられた。また，イワタイゲキについては，これまで，2n = 28の報告があったが，今回2n=26を算定した。14分類群（シキミ（2n = 28），ヤマグルマ（2n = 40），クワイバカンアオイ（2n= 24），ナナカマド（2n = 34），ヤクシマスミレ（2n= 22），フモトスミレ（2n = 24），ヤクシマシャクナゲ（2n = 26），ムラサキミミカキグサ（2n =16），キッコウハグマ（2n = 26），ホソバハグマ（2n= 26），コスギニガナ（2n = 21），チャボシライトソウ（2n = 24），ノギラン（2n = 52），およびヒメテンナンショウ（2n = 28））については，これまでの報告と同じ染色体数が算定された。第一報と同様，同種内あるいは近縁種との間に細胞学的変異は少なく，屋久島産高等植物においては形態的多様性と細胞学的多様性の関連性は低いと考えられる。

Fungal diseases in immunocompromised hosts pose significant threats to their prognoses. An accurate diagnosis and identification of the fungal pathogens causing the infection are critical to determine the proper therapeutic interventions, but these are often not achieved, due to difficulties with isolation and morphological identification. In an effort to ultimately carry out the simultaneous detection of all human pathogenic microbes, we developed a simple system to identify 26 clinically important fungi by using a combination of PCR amplification and DNA microarray assay (designated PCR-DM), in which PCR-amplified DNA from the internal transcribed spacer region of the rRNA gene was hybridized to a DNA microarray fabricated with species-specific probes sets using the Bubble Jet technology. PCR-DM reliably identified all 26 reference strains; hence, we applied it to cases of onychomycosis, taking advantage of the accessibility of tissue from skin. PCR-DM detected fungal DNA and identified pathogens in 92% of 106 microscopy-confirmed onychomycosis specimens. In contrast, culture was successful for only 36 specimens (34%), 3 of which had results inconsistent with the results of PCR-DM, but sequence analysis of the isolates proved that the PCR-DM result was correct. Thus, PCR-DM provides a powerful method to identify pathogenic fungi with high sensitivity and speed directly from tissue specimens, and this concept could be applied to other fungal or nonfungal infectious human diseases in less accessible anatomical sites.

Chromosome counts of 33 taxa of dwarf plants collected from Yakushima Island are reported. Chromosome counts for the following 23 taxa are published for the first time : Coptis ramosa（2n=18）, Sarothra laxa f. hananoegoensis（2n=16）, Astilbe glaberrima var. saxatilis（2n=14）, Parnassia palustris var. yakusimensis（2n=18）, Saxifraga fortunei var. minima（2n=22）, Viola boissieuana var. pseudoselkirki（2n=24）, V. verecunda var. yakusimana（2n=24）, Circaea alpina f. minima（2n=22）, Angelica longiradiata var. yakushimensis（2n=22）, Tripterospermum japonicum var. tenue（2n=46）, Galium pogonanthum var. yakumontanum（2n=22）, Mitchella undulata var. minor（2n=22）, Neanotis hirsuta var. yakusimensis（2n=24）, Clinopodium multicaule var. yakusimense （2n=20）, Scutellaria kuromidakensis（2n=26）, Melampyrum laxum var. yakusimense（2n=18）, Cirsium yakushimense（2n=68）, Heloniopsis breviscapa var. yakusimensis（2n=34）, Metanarthecium luteo-viride f. yakusimense（2n=52+1 B）, Smilax biflora var. biflora（2n=30）, Tofieldia yoshiiana（2n=30）, Luzula campestris var. yakusimensis（2n=12）, Pseudosasa owatarii（2n=48）. Chromosome counts for a further ten taxa agree with those already published : Ranunculus yakushimensis（2n=14）, Hypericum kiusianum var. yakusimense（2n=32）, Mitella doiana（2n=28）, Fragaria nipponica var. yakusimensis（2n=14）, Sanicula lamelligera（2n=16）, Lysimachiajaponica var. minutissima（2n=20）, Plantago asiatica var. yakusimensis（2n=24）, Cacalia yakusimensis（2n=60）, Solidago minutissima（2n=18）, Paris tetraphylla var. yakusimensis（2n=10）. No differences were found when comparing these chromosome numbers of dwarf plants with those of closely related non-dwarf taxa.

Mirin is used as a seasoning to blend with soy sauce and sugar for soba noodle sauce and broiled eel sauce. The soba and broiled eel restaurants had been popular in the middle and latter term of Edo era, but it is still unknown whether mirin was used as a seasoning of the sauce in the same periods. The author et al. tried to make it out in cookbooks published in Edo era. We found 119 recipes using mirin, however, we could not find any descriptions for using mirin in the seasonings of sauce in the fifty reprinting books named “Honkoku Edojidai Ryouribon Shuusei”. They usually used miso, soy sauce and sake as a seasoning in soba noodle sauce and broiled eel sauce. The oldest description of using mirin for a seasoning of broiled eel with soy sauce was found on the “Ryouri Anbai Shuu” published in 1668. On the other hand, a record of mirin and soy sauce for soba noodle sauce was found on the manuscript document which was written in 1803 at the old soba restaurant named “Koboriya” in Sawara City, Chiba Prefecture. On “Morisada Mankou” which was described on the manners and the customs of common people in the latter term of Edo era (1837-1867), mirin was found for a seasoning for broiled eel sauce especially in Edo region.