Search

Abstract Chirality constitutes an inherent attribute of nature. The catalytic asymmetric synthesis of molecules with central, axial, and helical chirality is a topic of intense interest and is becoming a mature field of research. However, due to the difficulty in synthesis and the lack of a prototype, less attention has been given to planar chirality arising from the destruction of symmetry on a single planar ring. Herein, we report the catalytic asymmetric synthesis of planar-chiral dianthranilides, a unique class of tub-shaped eight-membered cyclic dilactams. This protocol is enabled by cinchona alkaloid-catalyzed (dynamic) kinetic resolution. Under mild conditions, various C 2 - or C 1 -symmetric planar-chiral dianthranilides have been readily prepared in high yields with excellent enantioselectivity. These dianthranilides can serve as an addition to the family of planar-chiral molecules. Its synthetic value has been demonstrated by kinetic resolution of racemic amines via acyl transfer, enantiodivergent synthesis of the natural product eupolyphagin, and preliminary antitumor activity studies.

Abstract Reconciling the dilemma between rapid degradation and overdose toxicity is challenging in biodegradable materials when shifting from bulk to porous materials. Here, we achieve significant bone ingrowth into Zn-based porous scaffolds with 90% porosity via osteoinmunomodulation. At microscale, an alloy incorporating 0.8 wt% Li is employed to create a eutectoid lamellar structure featuring the LiZn4 and Zn phases. This microstructure optimally balances high strength with immunomodulation effects. At mesoscale, surface pattern with nanoscale roughness facilitates filopodia formation and macrophage spreading. At macroscale, the isotropic minimal surface G unit exhibits a proper degradation rate with more uniform feature compared to the anisotropic BCC unit. In vivo, the G scaffold demonstrates a heightened efficiency in promoting macrophage polarization toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype, subsequently leading to significantly elevated osteogenic markers, increased collagen deposition, and enhanced new bone formation. In vitro, transcriptomic analysis reveals the activation of JAK/STAT pathways in macrophages via up regulating the expression of Il-4, Il-10, subsequently promoting osteogenesis.

Abstract Two-dimensional organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskites possess diverse structural polymorphs with versatile physical properties, which can be controlled by order-disorder transition of the spacer cation, making them attractive for constructing semiconductor homojunctions. Here, we demonstrate a space-cation-dopant-induced phase stabilization approach to creating a lateral homojunction composed of ordered and disordered phases within a two-dimensional perovskite. By doping a small quantity of pentylammonium into (butylammonium)2PbI4 or vice versa, we effectively suppress the ordering transition of the spacer cation and the associated out-of-plane octahedral tilting in the inorganic framework, resulting in phase pining of the disordered phase when decreasing temperature or increasing pressure. This enables epitaxial growth of a two-dimensional perovskite homojunction with tunable optical properties under temperature and pressure stimuli, as well as directional exciton diffusion across the interface. Our results demonstrate a previously unexplored strategy for constructing two-dimensional perovskite heterostructures by thermodynamic tuning and spacer cation doping.

Background miRNAs are small, conserved, single-stranded non-coding RNA that are typically transported by exosomes for their functional roles. The therapeutic potential of exosomal miRNAs has been explored in various diseases including breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, skin diseases, Alzheimer’s disease, stroke, and glioma. Pathophysiological processes such as cellular inflammation, apoptosis, necrosis, immune dysfunction, and oxidative stress are closely associated with miRNAs. Internal and external factors such as tissue ischemia, hypoxia, pathogen infection, and endotoxin exposure can trigger these reactions and are linked to miRNAs. Paraquat-induced fibrosis is a protracted process that may not manifest immediately after injury but develops during bodily recovery, providing insights into potential miRNA intervention treatments. Rationale These findings could potentially be applied for further pharmaceutical research and clinical therapy of paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis, and are likely to be of great interest to clinicians involved in lung fibrosis research. Methodology Through a literature review, we identified an association between miR-15a-5p and miR-152-3p and their involvement in the Wnt signaling pathway. This allowed us to deduce the molecular mechanisms underlying regulatory interactions involved in paraquat-induced lung fibrosis. Results miR-15a-5p and miR-152-3p play roles in body repair processes, and pulmonary fibrosis can be considered a form of reparative response by the body. Although the initial purpose of fibrotic repair is to restore normal body function, excessive tissue fibrosis, unlike scar formation following external skin trauma, can significantly and adversely affect the body. Modulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is beneficial in alleviating tissue fibrosis in various diseases. Conclusions In this study, we delineate the association between miR-15a-5p and miR-152-3p and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, presenting a novel concept for addressing paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis.

IntroductionThis study aimed to explore the influence of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) on depression, the mediating role of social support, and the moderating role of the Big Five personality traits in the relationship between social support and depression.MethodsParticipants were recruited from Mainland China, using a stratified random sampling and quota sampling method. From June to August 2022, a diverse group of 21,916 participants (ranging from 12 to 100 years old) completed the Intimate Partner Violence Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire, Perceived Social Support Scale, and Big Five Inventory-Short Version.ResultsIPV was significantly positively correlated with depression and significantly negatively correlated with perceived social support. Perceived social support plays a mediating role in the link between IPV and depression.DiscussionHealthcare workers should assess social support and provide adequate care or recommendations for increasing social support when patients with IPV report depressive symptoms. Patients can be coached by professionals to improve their resiliency by developing or nurturing more optimistic personality traits.

IntroductionIgA nephropathy (IgAN), a prevalent form of glomerulonephritis globally, exhibits complex pathogenesis. Cathepsins, cysteine proteases within lysosomes, are implicated in various physiological and pathological processes, including renal conditions. Prior observational studies have suggested a potential link between cathepsins and IgAN, yet the precise causal relationship remains unclear.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive bidirectional and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) study using publicly available genetic data to explore the causal association between cathepsins and IgAN systematically. Additionally, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were employed to evaluate cathepsin expression levels in renal tissues and serum of IgAN patients. We investigated the underlying mechanisms via gene set variation analysis (GSVA), gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and immune cell infiltration analysis. Molecular docking and virtual screening were also performed to identify potential drug candidates through drug repositioning.ResultsUnivariate MR analyses demonstrated a significant link between increased cathepsin S (CTSS) levels and a heightened risk of IgAN. This was evidenced by an odds ratio (OR) of 1.041 (95% CI=1.009–1.073, P=0.012) as estimated using the inverse variance weighting (IVW) method. In multivariable MR analysis, even after adjusting for other cathepsins, elevated CTSS levels continued to show a strong correlation with an increased risk of IgAN (IVW P=0.020, OR=1.037, 95% CI=1.006–1.069). However, reverse MR analyses did not establish a causal relationship between IgAN and various cathepsins. IHC and ELISA findings revealed significant overexpression of CTSS in both renal tissues and serum of IgAN patients compared to controls, and this high expression was unique to IgAN compared with several other primary kidney diseases such as membranous nephropathy, minimal change disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Investigations into immune cell infiltration, GSEA, and GSVA highlighted the role of CTSS expression in the immune dysregulation observed in IgAN. Molecular docking and virtual screening pinpointed Camostat mesylate, c-Kit-IN-1, and Mocetinostat as the top drug candidates for targeting CTSS.ConclusionElevated CTSS levels are associated with an increased risk of IgAN, and this enzyme is notably overexpressed in IgAN patients’ serum and renal tissues. CTSS could potentially act as a diagnostic biomarker, providing new avenues for diagnosing and treating IgAN.

BackgroundBronchopulmonary foregut malformation (BPFM) is an uncommon condition, with few case reports documented in both national and international literature. This scarcity underscores the importance of utilizing effective imaging techniques to improve our understanding and diagnostic precision concerning this disorder.Case descriptionIn the first case report, a neonate, born at full term and aged 15 days, presented with symptoms including dyspnea, coughing, wheezing, cyanosis, and vomiting. Initial diagnostic evaluations, which included chest radiography and upper gastrointestinal tract radiography, led to an erroneous initial diagnosis of a left-sided diaphragmatic hernia, accompanied by a suspicion of infection. In the second case report, another neonate, also born at full term but aged 5 days, exhibited symptoms such as coughing, choking, and mild vomiting. Utilizing a combination of computed tomography (CT) scans (plain, enhanced, and reconstructed), chest x-ray, and upper gastrointestinal tract radiography, the diagnosis of BPFM was accurately determined.ConclusionComprehensive imaging examinations play a crucial role in reducing misdiagnosis and diagnostic oversights in cases of BPFM. Given its rarity, BPFM often manifests as a sequestered lung accompanied by gastrointestinal abnormalities. Hence, the integration of CT scans with gastrointestinal tract radiography can substantially improve diagnostic precision in such cases.

Introduction Although the negative impact of smoking on health has been confirmed in various studies, few have explored psychological factors mediating the relationship between smoking and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between smoking and HRQOL in the Chinese population and the mediating role of negative emotions (NEs). Methods Survey data were derived from a cross-sectional study conducted in China from 20 June to 31 August 2022. We recruited participants from 148 cities across the country using a stratified multistage sampling method. The HRQOL of the dependent variable was measured using the Chinese version of European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D-5L). The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-4) were used to measure NE parameters including depression, anxiety, and perceived stress, as the intermediate variables. A multiple parallel mediation model was used to analyze the mediating role of NEs in smoking and HRQOL. Results A total of 21916 valid questionnaires were collected, of which 3010 (13.7%) and 18906 (86.3%) were categorized into smokers and non-smokers, respectively. The HRQOL (EQ-VAS score) of smokers (71.70 ± 23.08) was lower than that of non-smokers (73.69 ± 21.32), whereas the depression and anxiety levels of smokers were higher than those of non-smokers (all p

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a chronic mental disorder characterized by symptoms of panic and anxiety, depression, impaired cognitive functioning, and difficulty in social interactions. While the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine artemisinin (AR) on PTSD is unknown, its therapeutic benefits have been demonstrated by studies on models of multiple neurological disorders. This study aimed to extend such findings by investigating the effects of AR administration on a rat model of PTSD induced by a regimen of single prolonged stress (SPS). After rats were subjected to the SPS protocol, AR was administered and its impact on PTSD-like behaviors was evaluated. In the present study, rats were subjected to a multitude of behavioral tests to evaluate behaviors related to anxiety, memory function, and social interactions. The expression of hippocampal synaptic plasticity-related proteins was detected using Western blot and immunofluorescence. The ultrastructure of synapses was observed under transmission electron microscopy. The apoptosis of hippocampal neurons was examined with Western blot, TUNEL staining, and HE staining. The results showed that AR administration alleviated the PTSD-like phenotypes in SPS rats, including behavior indicative of anxiety, cognitive deficits, and diminished sociability. AR administration was further observed to improve synaptic plasticity and inhibit neuronal apoptosis in SPS rats. These findings suggest that administering AR after the onset of severe traumatic events may alleviate anxiety, cognitive deficits, and impaired social interaction, improve synaptic plasticity, and diminish neuronal apoptosis. Hence, the present study provides evidence for AR’s potential as a multi-target agent in the treatment of PTSD.

The first diastereodivergent formal [4 ​+ ​1] cycloaddition reactions of azoalkenes with p-quinone methides (p-QMs) have been accomplished. The reported reaction occurred via a domino oxa-1,4-addition/1,6-addition process, allowing the use of common azoalkenes as C1 synthons. A broad range of 2,3-dihydrobenzofurans was smoothly prepared in good yields and with reversible diastereoselectivities. The steric hindrance and hydrogen-bonding interaction were proposed to account for the two different modes of diastereo-control. The projected reaction features the employment of azoalkene as carbene-like C1 synthon, mild conditions, broad substrate scope and tunable diastereoselectivity.

Summary: Reported herein is a highly efficient dynamic kinetic resolution protocol for the atroposelective synthesis of heterobiaryls with vicinal C−C and N−N diaxes. Atropisomers bearing vicinal diaxes mainly exist in o-triaryls, while that of biaryls is highly challenging in terms of the concerted rotation and deplanarization effects. The combination of C−C biaryl with N−N nonbiaryl delivers a novel class of vicinal-diaxis heterobiaryls. For their atroposelective synthesis, the dynamic kinetic resolution enabled by either quinine-catalyzed allylation or isothiourea-catalyzed acylation has been developed, allowing the preparation of a wide range of vicinal-axis heterobiaryls in good yields with excellent enantioselectivities. Atropisomerization experiments revealed that the C−C bond rotation led to diastereomers, and the N−N bond rotation offered enantiomers. Besides, this protocol could be extended to kinetic resolution by employing substrates with a more hindered axis.

Abstract Background The current study aimed to investigate the dynamic alteration and prognostic significance of tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs), and PD‐L1 status of immune cells in muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Methods Multiplex immunofluorescence staining was performed to examine CD68+ TAM, CD4+ T cell, CD8+ T cell, FOXP3+ Treg cell, and PD‐L1 expression in paired MIBC tissues (n = 54) before and after NAC. Patients were then divided into definite responders (DR), (≤pT1) and incomplete responders (IR). Results There was no significant difference between DR and IR cohorts for the immune cell infiltration levels at the baseline status. Tobacco history was identified to be associated with worse NAC efficacy. CD68+ (stroma area: p = 0.025; tumor area: p = 0.028; total area: p = 0.013) and CD68+PD‐L1− (stroma area: p = 0.035; tumor area: p = 0.013 total area: p = 0.014) TAMs infiltration levels decreased significantly after NAC, while there was no significant difference of CD68+PD‐L1+ and TILs. The infiltration of CD68+ (p = 0.033), CD68+PD‐L1− (p = 0.033), and CD68+PD‐L1+ (p

Rotation-angle-dependent phonon-assisted photon upconversion in twisted two-dimensional semiconductor is investigated. Lattice relaxation along with enhanced pump efficiency, lead to an inverted contrast between upconversion and conventional photoluminescence.

The slow loris is a group of endangered small arboreal primates. In recent decades, illegal hunting and habitat degradation have led to a sharp decline in wild populations. The individuals are challenging to be identified both in captive and natural environments due to their cryptic nocturnal behavior. Computer vision has emerged as a new approach to face recognition for domestic and wild animals. We used a YOLOv5 +U-Net+VGG framework to realize the face identification of Bengal slow lorises (Nycticebus bengalensis) based on 1480 images of 30 individuals housed in Dehong Wildlife Rescue Center, China. This is the first human-annotated face image dataset of Lorisidae primates. The accuracy rate of this deep learning model set for face recognition reached 96.27 %. The results indicated that computer vision and deep learning technology could be used in individual identification of slow lorises, contributing to further study and conservation of this endangered taxa.

Background Treatment options are limited for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after treatment failure with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). This multicenter open-label, phase II study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tislelizumab plus chemotherapy (cohort 1, TIS+chemo) or tislelizumab plus chemotherapy and bevacizumab (cohort 2, TIS+chemo+ beva) in EGFR-mutated non-squamous NSCLC patients who progressed on EGFR TKI therapies. Here, the primary analysis of the TIS+chemo cohort is reported.Methods In the TIS+chemo cohort, patients with EGFR-sensitizing mutations with prior EGFR TKI failure received tislelizumab plus carboplatin and nab-paclitaxel as induction treatment, followed by maintenance with tislelizumab plus pemetrexed. The primary endpoint was 1-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate. The planned sample size was 66 with a historical control of 7%, an expected value of 20%, a one-sided α of 0.05, and a power of 85%.Results Between July 11, 2020 and December 13, 2021, 69 patients were enrolled. As of June 30, 2022, the median follow-up was 8.2 months. Among the 62 patients in the efficacy analysis set, estimated 1-year PFS rate was 23.8% (90% CI 13.1% to 36.2%), and its lower bound of 90% CI was higher than the historical control of chemotherapy (7%), which met the primary endpoint. The median PFS was 7.6 (95% CI 6.4 to 9.8) months. Median overall survival (OS) was not reached (95% CI 14.0 to not estimable), with a 1-year OS rate of 74.5% (95% CI 56.5% to 86.0%). The objective response rate and disease control rate were 56.5% (95% CI 43.3% to 69.0%) and 87.1% (95% CI 76.1% to 94.3%), respectively. Patients who had progressed on first-generation/second-generation and third-generation EGFR-TKIs at baseline had shorter PFS than those who progressed on first-generation/second-generation EGFR-TKIs (median 7.5 vs 9.8 months, p=0.031). Patients with positive ctDNA had shorter PFS (median 7.4 vs 12.3 months, p=0.031) than those with negative ctDNA. No grade 5 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were observed. Grades 3–4 TEAEs occurred in 40.6% (28/69) of patients. Grades 3–4 immune-related AEs occurred in 5 (7.2%) patients.Conclusion The study met the primary endpoint for the TIS+chemo cohort. Tislelizumab plus chemotherapy is effective with an acceptable safety profile for EGFR-mutated non-squamous NSCLC after EGFR TKI failure.

Abstract Background Postoperative pneumonia (PP) is one of the most common complications after cardiac surgery. This study was designed to access the diagnostic value of interleukin-6 (IL-6) for pneumonia within the first 5 days after cardiac surgery in adults. Method This prospective observational study enrolled 694 patients who admitted to our center from 10 October 2020 to 30 June 2021. Blood samples were collected after admission and on five consecutive days after surgery to measure IL-6, procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cells (WBC) respectively. Combined with clinical data, we assessed the diagnostic performance of different biomarkers using univariate and multifactorial analyses as well as receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) and the area under the curve (AUC). Result Finally, 68 patients were diagnosed with PP (PP Group). In addition, 626 cases were assigned to the control group (Non-PP Group). From postoperative day 1 (POD1) to day 5, IL-6 and PCT levels showed higher diagnostic value (P

IntroductionThe well-being of patients with chronic diseases is an issue of widespread concern in public health. While social support is thought to have a positive effect on it, the mechanisms of its influence have not been fully addressed. Thus, we explored the possible mediating effects of self-efficacy and perceived stress to determine the relationship between social support and well-being in these patients.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 4,657 patients with chronic diseases in China. The PROCESS Macro model 6 of SPSS was employed to explore the intermediary role between variables.ResultsSelf-efficacy and perceived stress played a partial intermediary role between social support and subjective well-being, with an effect ratio of 48.25% and 23.61%, respectively. Self-efficacy and perceived stress had a chain intermediary effect (28.14%) between social support and subjective well-being.DiscussionThis study suggested that improving the self-efficacy of patients with chronic diseases to cope with the changes in social support caused by the disease could reduce stress and enhance subjective well-being.

IntroductionWith the increasingly serious problem of bacterial drug resistance caused by NDM-1, it is an important strategy to find effective inhibitors to assist β-lactam antibiotic treatment against NDM-1 resistant bacteria. In this study, PHT427 (4-dodecyl-N-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl-benzenesulfonamide) was identified as a novel NDM-1 inhibitor and restored the susceptibility of meropenem against Enterobacteriaceae producing NDM-1.MethodsWe used a high throughput screening model to find NDM-1 inhibitor in the library of small molecular compounds. The interaction between the hit compound PHT427 and NDM-1 was analyzed by fluorescence quenching, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assay, and molecular docking analysis. The efficacy of the compound in combination with meropenem was evaluated by determining the FICIs of Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)/pET30a(+)-blaNDM–1 and Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical strain C1928 (producing NDM-1). In addition, the mechanism of the inhibitory effect of PHT427 on NDM-1 was studied by site mutation, SPR, and zinc supplementation assays.ResultsPHT427 was identified as an inhibitor of NDM-1. It could significantly inhibit the activity of NDM-1 with an IC50 of 1.42 μmol/L, and restored the susceptibility of meropenem against E. coli BL21(DE3)/pET30a(+)-blaNDM–1 and K. pneumoniae clinical strain C1928 (producing NDM-1) in vitro. The mechanism study indicated that PHT427 could act on the zinc ions at the active site of NDM-1 and the catalytic key amino acid residues simultaneously. The mutation of Asn220 and Gln123 abolished the affinity of NDM-1 by PHT427 via SPR assay.DiscussionThis is the first report that PHT427 is a promising lead compound against carbapenem-resistant bacteria and it merits chemical optimization for drug development.

In this paper, a simple and novel fractional-order memristor circuit is established, which contains only resistance, inductance, capacitance and memristor. By using fractional calculus theory and the Adomian numerical algorithm, special bifurcations, chaotic degradation, C0 and Spectral Entropy (SE) complexity under one-dimensional and two-dimensional parameter variations with different orders, parameters and initial memristor values of the system were studied. Meanwhile, in order to better utilize the applications of fractional-order memristor systems in communication and security, a misalignment projection synchronization scheme for fractional-order systems is proposed, which overcomes the shortcomings of constructing Lyapunov functions for fractional-order systems to prove stability and designing controllers for the Laplace transform matrix.

Abstract The precise identification of postural behavior plays a crucial role in evaluation of animal welfare and captive management. Deep learning technology has been widely used in automatic behavior recognition of wild and domestic fauna species. The Asian slow loris is a group of small, nocturnal primates with a distinctive locomotion mode, and a large number of individuals were confiscated into captive settings due to illegal trade, making the species an ideal as a model for postural behavior monitoring. Captive animals may suffer from being housed in an inappropriate environment and may display abnormal behavior patterns. Traditional data collection methods are time-consuming and laborious, impeding efforts to improve lorises’ captive welfare and to develop effective reintroduction strategies. This study established the first human-labeled postural behavior dataset of slow lorises and used deep learning technology to recognize postural behavior based on object detection and semantic segmentation. The precision of the classification based on YOLOv5 reached 95.1%. The Dilated Residual Networks (DRN) feature extraction network showed the best performance in semantic segmentation, and the classification accuracy reached 95.2%. The results imply that computer automatic identification of postural behavior may offer advantages in assessing animal activity and can be applied to other nocturnal taxa.

Abstract Background This study aims to investigate thrombospondin 2 (TSP2) expression levels in gastric cancer (GC) and determine the relationship between TSP2 and clinical characteristics and prognosis. Methods The online database Gene Expression Profile Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) was used to analyse TSP2 mRNA expression levels in GC. The Kaplan–Meier plotter prognostic analysis tool was used to evaluate the influence of TSP2 expression on clinical prognosis in GC patients. TSP2 expression levels were analysed in paraffin-embedded GC samples and adjacent normal tissues by immunohistochemistry. The relationship between the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of GC patients was assessed. Transwell experiments were used to evaluate the effect of TSP2 on HGC27 and AGS cell invasion and migration. The EdU experiment was used to detect the effect of transfection of TSP2 on cell proliferation, and the flow cytometry experiment was used to detect the effect of TSP2 on cell apoptosis and the cell growth cycle. Western blotting (Wb) technology was used to detect MMP, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin, Snail, AKT, PI3K, and VEGF protein expression in HGC27 cells. Results Compared with normal tissues, TSP2 mRNA expression in GC was significantly upregulated and was closely related to the clinical stage of GC. High TSP2 expression significantly affected the OS, FP and PPS of patients with GC. Among these patients, TSP2 expression levels did not affect the prognosis of patients with GC in the N0 subgroup but significantly affected the prognosis of patients with GC in the N (1 + 2 + 3) subgroup. TSP2 protein expression levels were significantly higher in GC tissue compared with normal tissues (P

Realizing information protection in low cost and large-scale fabrication still casts tough challenges in various aspects primarily involving material synthesis and engineering. Herein, to circumvent these challenges, the method of reversible protonation reactions of triphenylamine (TPA) derivatives grafted with pyridyl groups is intentionally introduced into the di-ureasil hybrids to functionalize the materials with targeted features. The results reveal that the reversible protonation reactions are still observed after homogenously distributing the TPA derivatives into the di-ureasil hybrids because of the organic-inorganic skeleton structure supplying the channels for the penetrations of NH3·H2O and HCl molecules, leading to an obvious emission color switch between red and cyan-green. Moreover, by replacing the pyridyl group with the pyridinium group in a similar molecule structure, the TPA derivatives are able to achieve an eye-cheated optical performance with very closing UV-Vis and emission spectra but lose the stimuli responsive optical performance. Capitalizing on the special features, the strategies designed for information encipherment applications based on the TPA derivatives functionalized di-ureasil hybrids were estimated through direct coating or preparing the inks for the fountain pens to write. This work successfully endows values of the as-synthesized TPA derivatives for the particular application. To compare with the most analogous powder materials applied for information protection applications, the portable security inks show a bright future for commercial applications offering simple operation, easy visual detection, and large-scale fabrications. In addition, the di-ureasil hybrids doped with TPA derivatives also present good performance as warming white-light-emitting films, showing potential for light electronics’ displays.

Objective To explore the predictive value for the efficacy of Xiaoyan decoction combined with gemcitabine/carboplatin (GC) chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods The clinical data from 65 patients with advanced NSCLC who were treated with Xiaoyan decoction and GC chemotherapy were analyzed retrospectively. The apparent diffusion coefficient before and after treatment (ADCpre and ADCpost) of magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and ADC change rate (ΔADC) were compared between the effective group and the ineffective group. The correlation of ADCpre and ADCpost and ΔADC with tumor regression rate and their predictive value for curative effect were analyzed. Results The effective rate of Xiaoyan decoction combined with GC chemotherapy was 58.46%. Before treatment, DWI showed a high signal, ADCpre was low, and DWI was mainly equal signal and ADCpost was high after treatment. The tumor regression rate was negatively correlated with ADCpre, and positively correlated with ADCpost and ΔADC(P＜0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and AUC of ADCpre for efficacy prediction were 71.05%, 81.48%,75.38%, 0.789, respectively, and ADCpost was 89.47%, 66.67%, 80.00%, 0.810, and ΔADC was 81.58%, 85.19%, 83.08%, 0.842. Conclusions ADCpre, ADCpost and ΔADC are closely related to tumor regression rate in advanced NSCLC patients. DWI can predict the clinical efficacy of Xiaoyan decoction combined with GC chemotherapy.

Copyright of Trans/Form/Ação is the property of Trans/Form/Acao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Background To study in vitro the effects of anlotinib combined with radiotherapy on the lung cancer H520 cell cycle and apoptosis. Methods The log growth period H520 cells were divided into the control group, anlotinib group (A group), radiotherapy group (RT group) and combined group (A + RT group). Cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry and changes in H520 cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed in each group. Results Anlotinib was determined to significantly inhibit cell growth in all groups, both alone, or in combination with radiotherapy. After receiving corresponding treatments, the proportions of G2/M‐phase cells in the control group, A group, RT group and A + RT group were different, and statistically significant (F = 32.086, P

Salusin-β is a biologically active peptide, which plays an important role in promoting atherosclerosis, raising blood pressure, promoting cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, participating in vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and anti-inflammatory response. Salusin-β has certain predictive value for the prognosis of cardiovascular diseases, it is expected to find targets and thus support the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

The emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) constitutes a major challenge to TB control programmes. There is an urgent need to develop effective anti-TB drugs with novel mechanisms of action. Aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (ASADH) is the second enzyme in the aspartate metabolic pathway. The absence of the pathway in humans and the absolute requirement of aspartate in bacteria make ASADH a highly attractive drug target. In this study, we used ASADH coupled with Escherichia coli type III aspartate kinase (LysC) to establish a high-throughput screening method to find new anti-TB inhibitors. IMB-XMA0038 was identified as an inhibitor of MtASADH with an IC50 value of 0.59 μg/mL through screening. The interaction between IMB-XMA0038 and MtASADH was confirmed by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assay and molecular docking analysis. Furthermore, IMB-XMA0038 was found to inhibit various drug-resistant MTB strains potently with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 0.25–0.5 μg/mL. The conditional mutant strain MTB::asadh cultured with different concentrations of inducer (10−5 or 10−1 μg/mL pristinamycin) resulted in a maximal 16 times difference in MICs. At the same time, IMB-XMA0038 showed low cytotoxicity in vitro and vivo. In mouse model, it encouragingly declined the MTB colony forming units (CFU) in lung by 1.67 log10 dosed at 25 mg/kg for 15 days. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that IMB-XMA0038 is a promising lead compound against drug-resistant tuberculosis.