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The present work aimed to examine the association between the changes in the surface hydrophobicity and surface activity of soybean protein isolate (SPI) following structural alterations. To this end, the effects of heating, pH modification, ultrasonication, surfactant (SDS, sodium dodecyl sulphate) treatment, alkaline protease hydrolysis, peracetic acid treatment, and acylation on the surface activity and surface hydrophobicity of SPI were investigated. The results demonstrated that the changes in the surface hydrophobicity of SPI could accurately reflect the changes in its surface activity. A strong correlation between surface hydrophobicity and surface activity alterations was noted after the SPI molecules underwent structural modifications. The higher the surface hydrophobicity of the treated SPI, the greater its surface activity. Given that the surface hydrophobicity of SPI reflects the actual distribution of hydrophobic residues on its surface, this parameter can serve as a key indicator for evaluating and predicting changes in the surface activity of SPI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the mortality of patients with tuberculosis (TB) who need to be admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and to analyze the risk factors for mortality. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted to collect clinical data of patients with TB who were hospitalized in the ICU at Hebei Chest Hospital between 2015 and 2020. Subsequent to data collection, a rigorous statistical analysis was conducted. RESULTS: A total of 99 patients with TB were admitted to the ICU of Hebei Chest Hospital from 2015 to 2020. After 28 days, 78 of the 99 eligible participants in this study died, while 21 survived. The mortality rate of patients with TB in the ICU was 78.79%. There was a significant difference in the length of stay in ICU, shock, drug, acute physiology, and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, and albumin (p < 0.05). Further analysis indicated that the length of stay in the ICU, shock, APACHE II, and albumin were considered independent risk factors for mortality. CONCLUSIONS: In China, the mortality rate of patients with TB requiring admission to the ICU is very high. In these patients, a prolonged ICU stay, a high APACHE II score, the onset of shock in the ICU, and a low albumin level have a significant impact on the risk of mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Objectives: Epidemiological results on the association between tea consumption and oral cancer remain controversial. We aimed to evaluate the exact relationship between tea consumption and oral cancer in Chinese population. Subjects/Methods: A large-scale case-control study was conducted on 586 oral cancer patients and 1024 controls frequency-matched by age and gender. Epidemiological data were collected through face-to-face interviews with a structure questionnaire. Unconditional logistic regression model was used to assess the effect of tea consumption on oral cancer stratified by smoking, alcohol drinking and demographics. Quantity of tea consumed (ml/day) was categorized into five subgroups based on quartiles and then its interactions was evaluated with tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking at each subgroup. Results: Tea consumption showed an inverse association with oral cancer for non-smokers or non-alcohol drinkers (the odds ratios (ORs) were 0.610 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.425-0.876) and 0.686 (95% CI: 0.503-0.934), respectively). For smokers or alcohol drinkers, decreased risk was only observed in those who consumed >800 ml/day. Furthermore, oolong tea consumption was associated with decreased risk of oral cancer in smokers or alcohol drinkers but not in non-smokers or non-alcohol drinkers. Tea consumption combined with smoking or/and alcohol drinking had a greater risk than tea consumption alone, but the risk was roughly reduced from zero to Q4 (>800 ml/day). Additionally, when stratified by demographics, the protective effect of tea was especially evident in females, urban residents, normal body mass index population (18.5-23.9), farmers, office workers and those aged Conclusions: Tea consumption protects against oral cancer in non-smokers or non-alcohol drinkers, but this effect may be obscured in smokers or alcohol drinkers. Additionally, demographics may modify the association between tea consumption and oral cancer., Author(s): F Chen [sup.1] , B-C He [sup.1] , L-J Yan [sup.1] , F-P Liu [sup.1] , J-F Huang [sup.1] , Z-J Hu [sup.1] , Z Lin [sup.1] , X-Y [...]

Edge-emitting c-plane GaN/sapphire-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) sandwiched by two dielectric/metal hybrid reflectors on both sapphire and GaN surfaces were studied to determine their light emission polarization. The hybrid reflectors comprised dielectric multiple thin films and a metal layer. The metal layers of Au or Ag used in this study were designed to enhance the polarization ratio from S-polarization (transverse electric wave, TE) to P-polarization (transverse magnetic wave, TM). The two sets of optimized dielectric multi thin films served as matching layers for wide-angle incident light on both sapphire and GaN surfaces. To determine which reflector scheme would achieve a higher polarization ratio, simulations of the reflectance at the hybrid reflectors on sapphire (or GaN) interface were performed before the fabrication of experimental LEDs. Compared with conventional c-plane InGaN/GaN/sapphire LEDs without dielectric/metal hybrid reflectors, the experimental LEDs exhibited higher polarization ratio (ITE-max/ITM-max) with r=2.174 (∼3.37 dB) at a wavelength of 460 nm. In contrast, the original polarized light (without dielectric/metal hybrid reflectors) was partially contributed (r=1.398) by C-HH or C-LH (C band to the heavy-hole sub-band or C band to the crystal-field split-off sub-band) transitions along the a-plane or m-plane direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To identify the expression changes of microRNA 93 (miR-93) in oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) injury in cardiomyocytes and its mechanism of mediating OGD/R and inducing apoptosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Primary cardiomyocytes were extracted and OGD/R model in cardiomyocytes was established in vitro. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expressions of miR-93, and Western blot assay was applied to measure the protein levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and caspase-3. Flow cytometry was utilized to examine the cardiomyocyte apoptosis rate. RESULTS: The apoptosis rate was increased after OGD/R in cardiomyocytes, accompanied by remarkable rise of miR-93 expression. After transfection of miR-93 antagomir, the apoptosis rate of cardiomyocyte induced by OGD/R was down-regulated, and the expression of cleaved caspase-3 was decreased. Meanwhile, the results of qRT-PCR and Western blot showed that the levels of Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression were up-regulated after the miR-93 level was inhibited, and luciferase reporter assay affirmed that Nrf2 was a target molecule for OGD/R-induced apoptosis mediated by miR-93. CONCLUSIONS: miR-93 mediates OGD/R-induced hypoxia/reoxygenation injury apoptosis in cells by targeting Nrf2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: The relationship between hypertension and the mechanism of the expression of T-lymphocyte Kv1.3 channels in vascular aging has been analyzed in this study based on the gender and age matches’ principle. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty patients have been consecutively chosen with vascular aging caused by hypertension (group A), while 30 cases of high blood pressure not merged with vascular aging (group B) were chosen, and 30 cases of healthy volunteers (group C), conforming to gender and age 1:1 and the closest matching principle, were studied. The aim of this study was to separate the peripheral blood mononuclear cells and give intervention of 0.2 nmol/L ANGII to CD4 + T-lymphocytes, and store them in the incubator 48 h. The difference of Kv1.3 channel current of CD4 + T-lymphocyte, mRNA, angiotensin receptor (AT1R) protein mRNA, and IFN-γ density has also been compared. RESULTS: The membrane capacitance, peak current, and current density of group A, are higher than those of the other two groups, and the differences have statistical significance (p<0.05). After adding ANGII intervention to group A, the expression levels of T-lymphocyte Kv1.3 potassium channels mRNA, AT1R mRNA, and IFN-γ are significantly increased, so that the difference has statistical significance p<0.05, while the other two groups have no significant change (p>0.05). The levels of Kv1.3 potassium channels, AT1R mRNA, and IFN-γ of group A before and after the intervention are significantly higher than those of the other two groups, and the differences are statistically significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Vascular aging caused by hypertension may be linked to the increase of Kv1.3 potassium channel activity of T-lymphocyte, while ANGII can improve the high expression of Kv1.3 potassium channel and AT1R, to stimulate lymph cells to secrete IFN-γ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although an important part of ecotourism, there are not many researches on environmental ethics in ecotourism, especially in a quantitative way. This paper took tourists' value cognition as the research object and creatively introduced the choice experiment (CE) approach in eco-economics aiming at work out the suitable experimental model for environmental ethics based quantitative researches. Ecotourists of three ecological counties in Zhejiang, China were investigated. Their cognition of ecological values was converted into virtual willingness of payment for four aspects in ecotourism improvement (ecological treatment measures, environmental education, tourist amount control and special rural features) and they were found to prefer an enhanced state of the four aspects. It was also showed in the survey that ecotourists' value cognition was influenced by their ecotourism experiences, gender, education background and income level. Based on the findings, policy suggestions were presented in four perspectives: the importance of ecological treatment measures, compensation for deficiency in environmental education, control of market size and flexible use of rural elements. With the help of CE, the results of environmental ethics research would be a more scientific basis for the value cognition research and summary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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β-S1C nanowires were synthesized by the way of high-frequency induction with diameter range between 10 to 25 nm and the length was up to 10 μm. Field-effect transistor was fabricated with those synthesized β-SiC nanowires. The carrier mobilities of the n-type SiçFET5 were 6.4 and 15.9 cm2/V. s when Vds is 0.01 and 0.05 V at room temperature, respectively. At high temperature, the drain current increased by one order of magnitude than it did at room temperature. The carrier mobility versus 1000/T agreed well with the Arrhenius function. The SiCFETs in this letter would be used as electrical devices operated in high temperatures because of their superior properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To analyze the correlation of ADH4 exon rs1126671 and ADH7 exon rs971074 polymorphisms with risky drinking behaviors and alcoholic liver disease. The patients with alcoholic liver disease diagnosed in the Gastroenterology Department of the People's Hospital of Hechi from November 2021 to June 2022, including 52 cases of alcoholic liver disease with positive risky drinking behaviors, 103 cases of non-alcoholic liver disease with positive risky drinking behaviors of the same gender and age, and 105 healthy subjects with no risky drinking behaviors as control groups were retrospectively analyzed. The serum total protein and albumin are detected by immunoturbidimetry and globulin is calculated by the difference method; the serum total bilirubin and direct bilirubin are detected by the nitrite oxidation method and indirect bilirubin is calculated by the difference method; alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and γ-glutamyl transferase are detected by the substrate method. The results revealed that all 52 patients with alcoholic liver disease were male. The non-parametric independent sample Kruskal-Wallis test was adopted to analyze the baseline of twelve liver functions among the alcoholic liver disease group, the risky drinking behavior group and the healthy control group, and it was found there was statistical significance in ten major liver function indicators in the difference comparison among the three groups like serum total protein (g/L) 65.0 (60.1, 71.4), 73.4 (70.3, 76.3), 72.4 (69.2, 76.2) ( H =37.130, P <0.001); albumin (g/L) 36.1 (28.6, 42.9), 47.2 (45.0, 49.2), 47.5 (45.9, 49.5) ( H =14.503, P =0.001); direct bilirubin (μmol/L) 10.1 (35.6, 34.0.1), 3.8 (3.1, 5.45), 4.2 (2.9, 6.0) ( H =26.608, P <0.001); alkaline phosphatase (U/L) 106.0 (71.0, 164.0), 68.0 (57.5, 82.0), 70.0 (59.0, 87.0) ( H =27.904, P <0.001); albumin to globulin 1.34 (0.91, 1.88), 1.82 (1.65, 2.00), 1.89 (1.68, 2.07) ( H =11.047, P =0.004); direct bilirubin to indirect bilirubin 0.91 (0.69, 1.91), 0.41 (0.35, 0.54), 0.42 (0.34, 0.54) ( H =19.478, P <0.001); serum total bilirubin (μmol/L) 23.9 (13.7, 51.0), 13.8 (10.2, 17.9), 13.0 (10.1, 17.4) ( H =18.375, P <0.001); aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) 74.0 (39.0, 122.0), 22.0 (19.0, 28.0), 23.0 (19.0, 30.0) ( H =76.365, P <0.001); alanine aminotransferase (U/L) 37.0 (25.0, 55.0), 23.0 (17.0, 30.0), 24.0 (17.0, 33.8) ( H =57.041, P <0.001); γ-glutamyl transferase (U/L) 135.0 (45.0, 364.0), 33.0 (23.5, 49.5), 32.0 (19.0, 49.0) ( H =82.558, P <0.001); however, there were no statistical significance in the pairwise comparisons between risky drinking and healthy groups. The two loci of ADH4 and ADH7 were in genetic linkage equilibrium. In the three groups of samples, the ADH4 g ene rs1126671 locus was comprised primarily of the CC homozygous genotype, and there was no TT genotype. The ADH7 gene rs971074 genotype had statistical difference in the comparison of the three groups ( χ 2 =9.370, P< 0.05). Compared with the CC genotype, the CT genotype had no statistical difference in the pairwise comparison between the risky drinking behavior group and alcoholic liver disease group, and the healthy group and alcoholic liver disease group. There was a statistical difference in that between the healthy group and the risky drinking behavior group ( χ 2 =6.372, P =0.012). The analysis display of mode of inheritance between RD group and HA group was statistically significant in the difference of the superdominance inheritance mode ( OR =2.92, 95% CI :1.22-6.98; P =0.012), the dominant inheritance mode ( OR =2.90, 95% CI :1.26-6.64; P= 0.008), the co-dominant inheritance mode ( OR =2.96, 95% CI :1.24-7.08; P =0.032) and the additive mode ( OR =2.46, 95% CI :1.16-5.22; P =0.013). In general, the CT genotype of ADH7 gene rs971074 is a risk factor for positive risky drinking behavior, and the ADH family may still increase the susceptibility of people with a potential alcoholic liver disease protection background through the correlation between ADH7 and risky drinking behavior.

Objective: To explore the value of detection of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene amplification in peripheral blood rare cells in the assessment of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules. Methods: A total of 262 patients with pulmonary nodules were selected as the retrospectively study subjects from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University and Peking Union Medical College Hospital from July 2022 to August 2023. There were 98 males and 164 females, with the age range from 16 to 79 (52.1±12.1) years. The EGFR gene amplification testing was performed on the rare cells enriched from patients' peripheral blood, and the clinical manifestations, CT imaging features, histopathological and/or pathological cytological confirmed results of patients were collected. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the optimal cut-off value of the method of detection of EGFR gene amplification in peripheral blood rare cells, and its diagnostic efficacy was evaluated. Results: Among the 262 patients, 143 were malignant pulmonary nodules and 119 were benign pulmonary nodules. The differences between malignant pulmonary nodules and benign pulmonary nodules in nodule diameter and nodule density were statistically significant (both P <0.001), while the differences in age, gender and nodule number were not statistically significant (all P >0.05). The number [ M ( Q 1 , Q 3 )] of EGFR gene amplification positive rare cells in patients with malignant pulmonary nodule was 8 (6, 11), which was higher than that in patients with benign pulmonary nodule [2 (1, 4), P <0.001]. The ROC curve results showed that when the optimal cut-off value was 5 (that was, the number of EGFR gene amplification positive rare cells was>5), the area under the curve (AUC) of the detection of EGFR gene amplification in peripheral blood rare cells for discrimination of benign and malignant pulmonary lesions was 0.816 (95% CI : 0.761-0.870), with a sensitivity of 83.2%, a specificity of 80.7%, and an accuracy of 82.1%. Based on the analysis of the diameter of the nodules, the AUC for distinguishing between benign and malignant pulmonary nodules with diameter 5-9 mm and 10-30 mm was 0.797 (95% CI : 0.707-0.887) and 0.809 (95% CI : 0.669-0.949), respectively, with sensitivity, specificity and accuracy reached 75% or above. Based on the analysis of nodule density, the AUC for distinguishing between benign and malignant solid nodule and subsolid nodule was 0.845 (95% CI : 0.751-0.939) and 0.790 (95% CI : 0.701-0.880), respectively, with sensitivity, specificity and accuracy reached 75% or above. Based on the analysis of nodule number, the AUC for distinguishing between benign and malignant solitary pulmonary nodule and multiple pulmonary nodule was 0.830 (95% CI : 0.696-0.965) and 0.817 (95% CI : 0.758-0.877), respectively, with sensitivity, specificity and accuracy reached 80% or above. Conclusion: The detection of EGFR gene amplification in peripheral blood rare cells contributes to the evaluation of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules, and can be used in the auxiliary diagnosis of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules.

Objectives: To construct a nomogram incorporating important prognostic factors for predicting the overall survival of patients with colorectal cancer with peritoneal metastases treated with cytoreductive surgery (CRS) plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), the aim being to accurately predict such patients' survival rates. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study. Relevant clinical and follow-up data of patients with colorectal cancer with peritoneal metastases treated by CRS + HIPEC in the Department of Peritoneal Cancer Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University from 2007 January to 2020 December were collected and subjected to Cox proportional regression analysis. All included patients had been diagnosed with peritoneal metastases from colorectal cancer and had no detectable distant metastases to other sites. Patients who had undergone emergency surgery because of obstruction or bleeding, or had other malignant diseases, or could not tolerate treatment because of severe comorbidities of the heart, lungs, liver or kidneys, or had been lost to follow-up, were excluded. Factors studied included: (1) basic clinicopathological characteristics; (2) details of CRS+HIPEC procedures; (3) overall survival rates; and (4) independent factors that influenced overall survival; the aim being to identify independent prognostic factors and use them to construct and validate a nomogram. The evaluation criteria used in this study were as follows. (1) Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) scores were used to quantitatively assess the quality of life of the study patients. The lower the score, the worse the patient's condition. (2) A peritoneal cancer index (PCI) was calculated by dividing the abdominal cavity into 13 regions, the highest score for each region being three points. The lower the score, the greater is the value of treatment. (3) Completeness of cytoreduction score (CC), where CC-0 and CC-1 denote complete eradication of tumor cells and CC-2 and CC-3 incomplete reduction of tumor cells. (4) To validate and evaluate the nomogram model, the internal validation cohort was bootstrapped 1000 times from the original data. The accuracy of prediction of the nomogram was evaluated with the consistency coefficient (C-index), and a C-index of 0.70-0.90 suggest that prediction by the model was accurate. Calibration curves were constructed to assess the conformity of predictions: the closer the predicted risk to the standard curve, the better the conformity. Results: The study cohort comprised 240 patients with peritoneal metastases from colorectal cancer who had undergone CRS+HIPEC. There were 104 women and 136 men of median age 52 years (10-79 years) and with a median preoperative KPS score of 90 points. There were 116 patients (48.3%) with PCI≤20 and 124 (51.7%) with PCI>20. Preoperative tumor markers were abnormal in 175 patients (72.9%) and normal in 38 (15.8%). HIPEC lasted 30 minutes in seven patients (2.9%), 60 minutes in 190 (79.2%), 90 minutes in 37 (15.4%), and 120 minutes in six (2.5%). There were 142 patients (59.2%) with CC scores 0-1 and 98 (40.8%) with CC scores 2-3. The incidence of Grade III to V adverse events was 21.7% (52/240). The median follow-up time is 15.3 (0.4-128.7) months. The median overall survival was 18.7 months, and the 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 65.8%, 37.2% and 25.7%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that KPS score, preoperative tumor markers, CC score, and duration of HIPEC were independent prognostic factors. In the nomogram constructed with the above four variables, the predicted and actual values in the calibration curves for 1, 2 and 3-year survival rates were in good agreement, the C-index being 0.70 (95% CI: 0.65-0.75). Conclusions: Our nomogram, which was constructed with KPS score, preoperative tumor markers, CC score, and duration of HIPEC, accurately predicts the survival probability of patients with peritoneal metastases from colorectal cancer treated with cytoreductive surgery plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features and immunohistochemical phenotypes of gastric SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated carcinoma, and to discuss the daily diagnostics of this entity and analyze its prognosis. Methods: The cases of gastric SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated carcinoma diagnosed at the Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, China from January 2010 to August 2022 were collected. The histological sections were reviewed, the immunohistochemical results and clinicopathological features were analyzed, and relevant literature was reviewed. Results: Pure foci of undifferentiated carcinoma were seen in 7 cases, and 1 case was accompanied by a moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma component. Undifferentiated carcinoma foci showed similar sheet-like or solid diffuse growth pattern, medium-sized tumor cells characterized by 1-2 nucleoli, and abundant cytoplasm and rhabdoid appearance. The average patient age was 65±8 years. Six patients were male and 2 were female. Immunohistochemical staining showed that undifferentiated carcinoma of all 8 tumors were negative for SMARCA4 (BRG1). Among 7 patients who underwent SMARCA2 (BRM) and SMARCB1 (INI1) staining, 4 cases showed loss of BRM expression, 2 cases showed weakly positive staining, and 1 case was diffusely positive, but all 7 cases were diffusely strong positive for INI1. The neuroendocrine marker, synaptophysin, was weakly positive in 5 cases, while CgA and CD56 were negative in 8 cases. Ki-67 index was more than 70%. Two cases were mismatch repair deficient and showed the loss of MLH1/PMS2 expression, while 1 case showed only MSH2 loss. PD-L1 staining showed that combined positive score (CPS)≥1 in 4 cases (CPS ranging from 1 to 55) and CPS<1 in the other 3 cases. Four patients had clinical stage Ⅳ disease. Two of them died within 3 months after diagnosis. Conclusions: Gastric SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated carcinoma/rhabdoid carcinoma is a rare group of highly malignant tumors with a poor prognosis. Loss of the core subunit of SWI/SNF complex may be associated with the development of dedifferentiated histological pattern and aggressive tumor progression, which may be more frequently accompanied with mismatch repair deficiency.

The repair of soft tissue defects after oral cavity cancer resection is challenging. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes and donor site morbidity of the radial forearm free flap (RFF) and posterior tibial artery perforator flap (PTAF) for oral cavity reconstruction after cancer ablation. All patients who underwent oral cavity reconstruction with a RFF or PTAF between January 2017 and December 2019 were included retrospectively in this study. All flaps were harvested with a long adipofascial extension. The donor site defects were closed with a triangular full-thickness skin graft harvested adjacent to the flap. Flap outcomes and donor site complications were recorded and compared. The study included 145 patients; 30 underwent reconstruction with a RFF and 115 with a PTAF. No significant difference between the PTAF and RFF was observed concerning the flap survival rate (98.3% vs 96.7%), flap harvest time (53.39 vs 49.28 min), hospital stay (12.3 vs 15.2 days), or subjective functional and cosmetic outcomes. The PTAF showed a larger vascular calibre (P < 0.05), greater flap thickness (P = 0.002), and lower frequency of surgical site infection (P = 0.055) when compared to the RFF. No significant difference was observed between the pre- and postoperative ranges of ankle and wrist movements. The PTAF is an excellent alternative to the RFF for the repair of oral cavity defects, with the additional advantages of a well-hidden scar on the lower extremity, larger vascular calibre, and lower frequencies of postoperative donor site morbidities., (Copyright © 2022 International Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To explore the relationship between selenium and the risk for oral cancer. Methods: We performed a case-control study in 325 cases of newly diagnosed primary oral cancer from the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University and 650 controls from the same hospital and community. Unconditional logistic regression and stratification analyses were used to explore the association between selenium and oral cancer. Adjusted OR and corresponding 95 %CI were calculated. The analyses on multiple interactions between selenium and smoking or drinking status, and fruit or fish intake frequencies were conducted. Results: The level of serum selenium was 112.42 (80.98-145.06) μg/L in the case group, which was lower than 164.85 (144.44-188.53) μg/L in control group, the difference was statistical significant ( P <0.01). There was a negative correlation between serum selenium level and the risk for oral cancer regardless of smoking and drinking status, and fruits and fish intake frequencies ( P <0.05). There were multiple interactions between serum selenium level and smoking or drinking status, and fruit and fish intakes. Conclusions: The high level of serum selenium is a protective factor for the incidence of oral cancer, and serum selenium has multiple interactions with smoking or drinking status, and fruit and fish intakes. Therefore, reducing tobacco use and alcohol consumption and increasing the intakes of fruit and fish can reduce the risk for oral cancer to some extent.

Objective: To explore the association of TBX 5 polymorphisms and environmental exposure index with susceptibility to oral cancer. Methods: A case-control study was conducted to collect 300 oral cancer patients hospitalized in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from September 2010 to December 2016. A total of 445 non-tumor patients were selected as the control group. Questionnaires were used to collect the information of all subjects and 5 ml peripheral blood was collected to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the rs10492336 locus of TBX 5 gene. According to the environmental exposure index score, subjects were divided into two groups, low risk group (0-2.31) and high risk group (2.32-11.76). To analyze the association of TBX 5 gene rs10492336 SNPs, environmental exposure index and oral cancer and its interactions. Results: The age of all subjects in the case group and control group were (56.19±13.10) years and (54.56±12.48) years old. Compared with CC genotype, the OR (95% CI ) values of the co-dominant genetic model AC genotype and the dominant genetic model AC+AA genotype were 0.69 (0.49-0.98) and 0.70 (0.51-0.97), respectively. Compared with the low risk group, the OR (95 %CI ) risk of oral cancer in the high risk group was 3.72 (2.55-5.43). The results of gene-environment interaction analysis showed that compared with the group with CC genotype and high risk of environmental exposure index, the OR (95 %CI ) value of oral cancer in the group with AC+AA genotype and low risk of environmental exposure index was 0.18(0.10-0.31). Furthermore there was a multiplicative interaction between rs10492336 SNPs and environmental exposure index (β=-0.405, P< 0.001). Conclusion: This study suggests that the TBX 5 gene rs10492336 SNPs and environmental exposure index were associated with oral cancer. And there was a multiplication interaction between rs10492336 SNPs and environmental exposure index.

This study analyzed the differential expression of miRNAs related to alcohol dependence in rats undergoing continued consumption and withdrawal. Furthermore miRNAs were sought and evaluated for potential use as biomarkers for diagnosis. This study used Exiqon miRCURYTM LNA miRNA microarray on alcohol-dependent and normal rats for the expression of microRNAs in perfluorinated compounds, and the stem-loop qPCR method to validate its expression in brain tissue. We forecast the relevant target genes of differentially expressed miRNA and drew the regulatory network. Comparison of the differential expression between brain tissue and plasma was carried out and the correlation and analyzed.65 miRNA with differential expression with threshold of 1.5 were screened out; among them, most miRNA with differential expression in the dependent group had relatively high expression values. The target genes were found with great confidence: PIK3CA, MAPK, NTF, BDNF, NGFR, IGF-1, and the pair consisting of miRNA- mRNA. Among the three groups, the expression levels of miR-101b (F=8.12, P less than0.05) showed significant difference; no significant difference was found in the expression levels of miRNA in plasma among the groups (F=1.23, P>0.05). No consistency was shown in the changing trend of miRNA in PFC and plasma (r= -.004, p>0.05). The genetic regulatory network of neurotrophic factors, its receptors and the protein kinases that influence metabolism may mediate the incidence of alcohol-dependence. There is a lack of conformity between the expression of miR-101b in the prefrontal cortex and the plasma.

Objective: To explore the survival factors and construct a prognostic index (PI) for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods: From January 2004 to June 2016, a total of 634 patients with pathologically confirmed OSCC were recruited in a hospital of Fujian. The clinical and follow-up data of all the patients with pathologically confirmed OSCC were collected to identify the factors influencing the prognosis of OSCC. All the patients were randomly divided into two groups: modeling group (modeling dataset, n =318) and validation group (validation dataset, n =316). Randomization was carried out by using computer-generated random numbers. In the modeling dataset, survival rates were calculated using Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. Cox regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratio ( HR s) and 95 % confidence intervals ( CI s) of prognosis factors. An PI for OSCC patients prognostic prediction model was developed based on β value of each significant variable obtained from the multivariate Cox regression model. Using the tertile analysis, patients were divided into high-risk group, moderate-risk group, and low-risk group according to the PI, the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Harrell's c-statistic (C index) were used to evaluated the model's predictability. Results: Results from the multivariate Cox regression model indicated that aged ≥55 years ( HR =2.22, 95 %CI : 1.45-3.39), poor oral hygiene ( HR =2.12, 95 %CI : 1.27-3.54), first diagnosis of lymph node metastasis ( HR =5.78, 95 %CI : 3.60-9.27), TNM stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ (stage Ⅰ as reference) ( HR =2.43, 95 %CI : 1.10-5.37) and poor differentiation (well differentiation as reference) ( HR =2.53, 95 %CI : 1.60-4.01) were the risk factors influencing the prognosis of OSCC. The PI model had a high predictability in modeling group and validation group (AIC and C index were 1 205.80, 0.700 2 and 1 150.47, 0.737 3). Conclusion: Age, poor oral hygiene, first diagnosis of lymph node metastasis, TNM stage and histological grade were factors associated with the prognosis of OSCC, and the PI model has a certain significance in the clinical treatment of OSCC.

Objective: To explore the effectiveness of Balint group on compassion fatigue among oncology nurses. Methods: From January to December 2016, 35 oncology nurses from one general hospital were enrolled. 18 cases were allocated in the observation group and 17 cases in the control group by computer randomization. Nurses in the observation group were received a total of 8 times Balint Group activities, with 2 times a month and 1.5 hours each time, which is aiming to discuss difficult cases encountered in the clinic to help nurses have a deeper experience and a better understanding of the emotions and behaviors, fantasies and needs between nurse-patient interaction. Nurses in the control group without intervention. All the Participants were requested to complete the survey of the Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL) , the Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Health Professionals (JSE-HP) , and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) at pre and post intervention. Results: Before intervention, two group of nurses in age, working years, marriage, and education were not statistically significant ( P >0.05). There was no difference in the scores of empathy, compassion satisfaction, secondary traumatic stress, and General health ( P >0.05). After intervention, the scores of JSE-HP and its three dimensions of perspective taking, emotional care, and trans-positional consideration in the observation group had significantly higher than the control group ( P <0.05). The level of compassion satisfaction in the observation group was higher, and the general health status was lower ( P <0.05). There was no statistically difference in the level of burnout and secondary traumatic stress between two groups ( P >0.05) . Conclusion: Balint group has a positive role in promoting nurses'empathetic skills, compassion satisfaction and mental health.