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Objective: To investigate the potential of voice analysis as a prescreening or monitoring tool for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by examining the differences in voice recordings between nondiabetic and T2DM individuals. Patients and Methods: Total 267 participants diagnosed as nondiabetic (79 women and 113 men) or T2DM (18 women and 57 men) on the basis of American Diabetes Association guidelines were recruited in India between August 30, 2021 and June 30, 2022. Using a smartphone application, participants recorded a fixed phrase up to 6 times daily for 2 weeks, resulting in 18,465 recordings. Fourteen acoustic features were extracted from each recording to analyze differences between nondiabetic and T2DM individuals and create a prediction methodology for T2DM status. Results: Significant differences were found between voice recordings of nondiabetic and T2DM men and women, both in the entire dataset and in an age-matched and body mass index (BMI [calculated as the weight in kilograms divided by the height in meters squared])-matched sample. The highest predictive accuracy was achieved by pitch (P

Objective: To investigate the use of a mathematical model of glucose homeostasis, fit to continuous glucose monitor data, as a metric of dysfunctional glycemic control. Patients and Methods: Three hundred eighty four participants recruited from 2 studies between October 2020 and June 2022 were equipped with a continuous glucose monitor, and interstitial glucose data were automatically collected for 2 weeks. The participants were assessed by a physician and diagnosed as being diabetic, prediabetic, or healthy according to the American Diabetes Association guidelines. A mathematical model of glucose homeostasis was fitted to the glucose data, and model parameter values were obtained. The participants were classified into the following 2 groups on the basis of their glucose homeostasis parameters: effective and impaired. Finally, glycemic variability metrics were compared with glucose homeostasis classification. Results: The homeostasis classification resulted in a specificity, sensitivity of individuals with prediabetes, and sensitivity of individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) of 0.78, 0.86, and 1.00, respectively, for women and 0.71, 0.86, and 1.00, respectively, for men. This sensitivity was similar to that of glycated hemoglobin A1c measurement (a sensitivity of 0.89 for women and 0.90 for men for prediabetes and a sensitivity of 1.00 for T2D) and superior to that of the oral glucose tolerance test (a sensitivity of 0.18 for women and 0.24 for men for prediabetes and a sensitivity of 0.75 for women and 0.86 for men for T2D). Overall, the individuals classified as impaired had increased glucose variability metrics than the individuals classified as effective (P