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C44H43N11O12Co2, triclinic, P 1 ‾ $\overline{1}$ (no. 2), a = 10.7333(11) Å, b = 13.6796(11) Å, c = 16.751(2) Å, α = 113.982(2)°, β = 90.578(2)°, γ = 105.7310(10)°, V = 2142.7(4) Å3, Z = 2, R gt (F) = 0.0460, wR ref (F 2) = 0.1015, T = 296(2) K.

IntroductionThe coal-manufacturing districts in the Eastern Yunnan province of Southwest China are the utmost occurrence and death of lung tumors. As previously reported on unique clinical characteristics of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in patients from these regions without a clear understanding of the aetiology and molecular characteristics. We aim to identify the unique driver gene mutations spectrum.Material and methodsSamples from 1120 NSCLC patients from Eastern Yunnan were gathered for next-generation sequencing. Seventeen gene targets were sequenced. We have compared individuals' medical and genetic features from the coal- and non-coal-manufacturing zones.ResultsThe mutation rates of EGFR (L858R, 19-Del, G719X+L861X, L858R+EGFR amplification) and ERBB2 (20ins) were low in patients from coal-manufacturing regions. Interestingly, EGFR (G719X, S768I, G719X+S768I), KRAS (G12C), TP53 (R158L) and NTRK3 demonstrated a much higher mutation frequency. Furthermore, EGFR compound mutations were linked with the patient's job and TNM staging IIIb-IV. The OncodriverCLUST algorithm authenticated 6 genes (KRAS, EGFR, ROS1, NRAS, BRAF, and ERBB2) as driver genes in patients from coal manufacturing. EGFR with KRAS, BRAF, RET, and TP53 with ALK and KRAS were mutually exclusive. Mutations in the TP53 signaling pathway were the most common in NSCLC patients from the coal-fabricating districts.ConclusionsOur analyses confirmed the unique spectrum of driver genetic mutations and emphasized the potential of future targeted therapy in NSCLC patients from the coal-manufacturing districts of Eastern Yunnan. Our data broaden the view of NSCLC pathogenesis and its relationship with the environmental conditions in coal-producing regions.

Tuberculous pleurisy, a type of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, is the pleural inflammation caused by hypersensitive response of the pleural cavity stimulated by mycobacterium tuberculosis and its metabolites. If the patient does not receive timely and effective treatment and intervention, a large amount of fibrin will be deposited which will cause pleural thickening, adhesions, and even calcification. At present, clinical cases of typical pleural thickening and calcification have been rarely reported. In this paper, we will report a case of significant pleural thickening and calcification caused by tuberculous pleurisy; moreover, the patient earliest got tuberculous pleurisy about in 20 years ago and had received anti-tuberculous treatment at that time. The patient’s typical crescent-shaped shadow created by pleural thickening and calcification is very rare in the domestic and international literature.

The objective of this study is to examine the application value of two-dimensional (2D) and high-definition live (HDlive) flow combined with spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) in diagnosing fetal total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC).Seventeen cases of fetal TAPVC were diagnosed using 2D and HDlive Flow combined with STIC. These cases were then retrospectively analyzed to examine the value of using 2D and HDlive Flow combined with STIC in the diagnosis of TAPVC.2D and HDlive Flow combined with STIC detected 13 cases of supracardiac TAPVC (two isolated cases, seven cases with right atrial isomerism (RAI), four cases with other complex malformations), one case of isolated intra-cardiac TAPVC, and three cases of cardiac TAPVC (two isolated cases and one case with complex congenital heart anomaly). Small left atrium (LA), the absence of PVs drainage into the LA and the increased retroatrial distance between LA and the descending aorta (DAo) were significant signs that should raise the suspicion of fetal TAPVC. HDlive Flow combined with STIC can dynamically display the TAPVC which may assit the prenatal diagnosis of TAPVC.2D and HDlive Flow combined with STIC can assit the diagnosis of fetal TAPVC abnormalities and has important clinical value.

C28H35N8O8Ni, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 14.7476(15) Å, b = 19.6335(19) Å, c = 10.8116(11) Å, β = 104.334(2)°, V = 3033.0(5) Å3, Z = 4, R gt (F) = 0.0548, wR ref (F 2) = 0.0961, T = 293(2) K.

Yan-Hong Gao,1,* Shi-Cong Zhu,2,* Ya Xu,3 Shun-Ji Gao,1 Yu Zhang,4 Qun-An Huang,1 Wen-Hong Gao,1 Jian Zhu,5 Hui-Juan Xiang,1 Xu-Hui Gao5 1Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of the People’s Liberation Army, Wuhan 430070, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Oncology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Respiratory Medicine, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of the People’s Liberation Army, Wuhan 430070, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of the People’s Liberation Army, Wuhan 430070, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of the People’s Liberation Army, Wuhan 430070, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xu-Hui Gao; Hui-Juan XiangGeneral Hospital of Central Theater Command of the People’s Liberation Army, 627#, Wuluo Road, Wuchangqu, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-13871166597Fax +86-27-50772388Email whzyygxh@126.com xhjyxr@126.comPurpose: To explore the clinical value of ultrasound-guided minimally invasive biopsy of breast nodules for diagnosis and treatment of patients with no positive clinical signs on manual breast examination.Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 136 patients with no signs on breast palpation who underwent ultrasound-guided minimally invasive biopsy. A total of 63 patients underwent breast nodule resection from October 2018 to December 2019 at the General Hospital of Central Theater Command of the People’s Liberation Army. Clinical data, including indications for minimally invasive biopsy or resection, pathological and surgical results were retrospectively analyzed.Results: A total of 199 patients were studied; 136 underwent minimally invasive biopsy and 63 underwent resection. No severe surgical complications occurred. Minimally invasive biopsy of breast nodules was superior to resection with respect to operation time, incision length, and postoperative complication rate.Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided minimally invasive biopsy of breast nodules is feasible for treatment of patients with negative breast nodules and can achieve accurate diagnosis and satisfactory resection.Keywords: minimally invasive breast biopsy, diagnosis, breast nodules, benign breast masses

Annual gross primary productivity (AGPP) is the basis for grain production and terrestrial carbon sequestration. Mapping regional AGPP from site measurements provides methodological support for analysing AGPP spatiotemporal variations thereby ensures regional food security and mitigates climate change. Based on 641 site-year eddy covariance measuring AGPP from China, we built an AGPP mapping scheme based on its formation and selected the optimal mapping way, which was conducted through analysing the predicting performances of divergent mapping tools, variable combinations, and mapping approaches in predicting observed AGPP variations. The reasonability of the selected optimal scheme was confirmed by assessing the consistency between its generating AGPP and previous products in spatiotemporal variations and total amount. Random forest regression tree explained 85 % of observed AGPP variations, outperforming other machine learning algorithms and classical statistical methods. Variable combinations containing climate, soil, and biological factors showed superior performance to other variable combinations. Mapping AGPP through predicting AGPP per leaf area (PAGPP) explained 86 % of AGPP variations, which was superior to other approaches. The optimal scheme was thus using a random forest regression tree, combining climate, soil, and biological variables, and predicting PAGPP. The optimal scheme generating AGPP of Chinese terrestrial ecosystems decreased from southeast to northwest, which was highly consistent with previous products. The interannual trend and interannual variation of our generating AGPP showed a decreasing trend from east to west and from southeast to northwest, respectively, which was consistent with data-oriented products. The mean total amount of generated AGPP was 7.03 ± 0.45 PgC yr

The technology of photocatalytic reduction of U(VI) has wide application prospects in uranium recovery from seawater and in disposal of uranium waste because of its high efficiency, low cost, pollution-free nature and high selectivity. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)-based materials have been regarded as ideal photocatalysts for the photocatalytic reduction of U(VI) (PCRU) because of their appropriate bandgap, unique two-dimensional (2D) layered structures, excellent physicochemical stability and outstanding optical properties; however, only few systematically reported on the visible light-driven catalytic reduction of U(VI), especially the process and mechanism of PCRU using graphitic carbon nitride-based materials. In this review, we systematically discuss the possible mechanism of PCRU. The PCRU using g-C3N4-based materials is reviewed in detail. On this basis, the g-C3N4-based materials widely employed in PCRU are reviewed. Then, the factors affecting PCRU with g-C3N4-based materials are addressed. Lastly, the current difficulties and future prospects of g-C3N4-based materials on PCRU are provided.

Chromone (4H-chromen-4-one, 4H-1-benzopyran-4-one) heterocyclic compound has been widely used in traditional medicine, which has anti-allergy, anti-inflammation, anti-diabetes, anti-tumor, antibacterial and other pharmacological effects. To estimate the scavenging activity on free radical of 3-styrylchromone derivatives, we considered the physical and chemical properties of the molecule structure, orbital, and thermodynamics. The antioxidant activity of 3-styrylchromone derivatives was studied by density functional theory (DFT) in gas and water. A series of quantum chemical parameters were calculated to describe molecular properties and clarify the radical scavenging mechanism. Our study suggests that the antioxidant activity of scavenging free radicals is largely affected by molecular structure, especially the number of hydroxyl groups, hydrogen bonds, and conjugation effects. 3-styrylchromone derivatives containing pyrogallol structure may have potential antioxidant activity. The antioxidant ability of catechol structure is greater than pyrogallol structure. 1,4-pyrrole also has a positive effect on free radical scavenging, but the scavenging effect of 2-OH and 5-OH introduced by antioxidants was not obvious. The excellent correlations between the structure and the mentioned DFT-based descriptors lead us to predict good antioxidants.

There have been almost no reports on the technique of dynamic volume computed tomography angiography (DVCTA) in children with anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA). Twelve children with ALCAPA, aged 5 months to 15 years, were enrolled in this retrospective study to explore the clinical value of DVCTA in the diagnosis of ALCAPA in children. All patients underwent low-dose prospective ECG-gated 320-slice DVCTA and transthoracic echocardiography. Two radiologists evaluated the image quality of the DVCTA and recorded the radiation dose at the same time. The accuracy of DVCTA in the diagnosis of ALCAPA was 100%, with the left coronary artery (LCA) opening in the left wall of the pulmonary artery in 4 cases (33.3%), the right wall in 2 cases (16.7%), and the posterior wall in 6 cases (50.0%). All children completed 320-slice DVCTA at a single timepoint; all of the images were diagnosable, and the subjective score was 3.3±0.6, with good consistency between the evaluations performed by the two radiologists (k=0.79). From the echocardiographs of these cases, 4 cases (33.3%) of ALCAPA were diagnosed correctly, 4 cases (33.3%) were misdiagnosed as LCA-pulmonary artery fistula, and 4 cases (33.3%) were missed, including a small LCA that was not displayed in 2 cases. The average CT radiation dose was 0.83±0.57 mSv. Low-dose DVCTA clearly showed the origin, course, and collateral vessels of ALCAPA and could be used reliably for noninvasive diagnosis of ALCAPA in children.

Current traditional treatment options have little impact on the long-term survival of patients with ovarian cancer due to a lack of understanding of the molecular transformations that occur in ovarian carcinoma. Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) perform a key role in protein translational fidelity. Enzymes involved in tRNA modification may function as regulators of cancer progression. Human tRNA methyltransferase 9-like (hTRM9L) catalyzes tRNA wobble base modifications, which regulate ovarian cancer growth and apoptosis via the retinoblastoma protein (pRB) and p53 signaling pathways. The aim of the present study was to confirm the role of hTRM9L in the proliferation and apoptosis of ovarian cancer. Immunohistochemistry was performed to investigate the expression of hTRM9L and LIN9 in 70 ovarian tissues. hTRM9L was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and inserted into the Ubi-multiple cloning site-enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-internal ribosome entry site-puromycin lentiviral expression vector to create the Ubi-KIAA1456-EGFP-puromycin (LV-KIAA1456) vector. The lentiviruses were subsequently compounded and transduced into HO8910PM cells. hTRM9L, LIN9 and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)/Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) expression levels were examined by PCR and western blot analysis. Apoptosis was verified by flow cytometry, and cell proliferation was evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8. hTRM9L and LIN9 expression were reduced in the ovarian cancer group, and there was a positive correlation between hTRM9L and LIN9 expression according to Pearson's correlation coefficient (r=0.406; P

Two metal coordination polymers, namely {[Co(MIBA)2]·2H2O}n (SNUT-3) and {[Cu(MIBA)2]·2H2O}n (SNUT-4), where HMIBA = 4-(1H-2-methylimidazol-1-yl)benzoic acid, were prepared by hydrothermal methods. Single-crystal X-ray analysis revealed that the structure of SNUT-3 exhibits a 3D→3D fourfold interpenetrating structure with diamondoid frameworks, while SNUT-4 shows a 2D + 2D → 3D inclined polycatenation structure. The gas adsorption property of SNUT-3 and photocatalytic activity of SNUT-4 for the degradation of Rhodamine B has been explored.

IntroductionGlucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues could induce clinically significant weight loss in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Beinaglutide is a GLP-1 analogue that is fully homologous to human GLP-1. This study aims to investigate the clinical efficacy of beinaglutide in visceral fat, weight loss and blood glucose in patients with T2DM and obesity.Material and methodsOne hundred and seven obese patients with T2DM, according to the World Health Organisation’s (WHO) diagnostic criteria, were treated with beinaglutide. After 12 weeks, changes in visceral fat (VF) were analysed using DUALSCAN. Body weight, body mass index (BMI), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), free fatty acids, and blood pressure were also assessed after the 12-week treatment.ResultsThe baselines for BMI and VF areas were 32.8 ±5.2 kg/m2 and 150.4 ±36.2 cm2, respectively. The mean HbA1c level at baseline was 8.8 ±2.3%. After 12 weeks, beinaglutide treatment showed significant decreases in VF areas (150.4 ±36.2 cm2 vs. 115.2 ±36.8 cm2, p < 0.001), body weight (90.7 ±15.8 kg vs. 84.2 ±15.6 kg, p < 0.001), HbA1c (8.8 ±2.3% vs. 7.1 ±1.7%, p < 0.001) and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) (5.8 ±4.3 vs. 4.2 ±2.9, p < 0.001). No changes in free fatty acids were observed. Daily doses of beinaglutide varied widely, and 74% of patients ranged from 0.24 mg to 0.30 mg each day, but the appropriate dosage significantly reduced adverse effects.ConclusionsBeinaglutide effectively reduced VF, body weight, and blood glucose in obese patients with T2DM. Beinaglutide doses should be individualised because appropriate doses varied widely. A lack of GLP-1 might be responsible for the onset of obesity in patients with T2DM. T2DM and obesity are related not only to insulin deficiency/insulin resistance but also to GLP-1 deficiency, which may cause obesity in patients with T2DM.

Drug delivery systems (DDSs) are invaluable in the scientific field on account of their groundbreaking progress in nanomedicine, which are composed of various nanocarriers, drugs, and the linkers integrating the carriers and drugs. As an effective anticancer medicine, camptothecin (CPT) has been proved to obviously inhibit the cyclic processes of DNA related to replication and transcription through the stable combination with topoisomerase I and DNA. To date, the structural modification of CPT has been carried out at different sites to increase anticancer activity and study the antitumor mechanisms. Nevertheless, due to the hydrophobicity, instability and severe systemic toxicities of CPT, it is feasible to connect nanostructured materials and targeted moieties to CPT, giving rise to advanced smart DDSs whose features and functionality can be tailored to satisfy specific clinical needs. This review describes recent advances in intracellular glutathione (GSH)-controlled DDSs to release CPT. We also emphasize the size, composition and synthesis of the carriers and the linkers between the carriers and CPT, mechanisms of drug release and anticancer efficacies in vitro and in vivo.

MicroRNA-27b (miR-27b) is frequently upregulated in pressure-overloaded hypertrophic hearts. The clinical implications of aberrant circulating miR-27b in the diagnosis and management of left ventricular hypertrophy warrant study. We investigated whether serum miR-27b is a biomarker for left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). We used stem-loop reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction techniques to analyze serum miR-27b levels in 200 hypertensive patients with LVH, 100 hypertensive patients without LVH, and 100 healthy volunteers. We found that serum miR-27b levels were significantly higher in the hypertensive patients with LVH than in the hypertensive patients without LVH and in the healthy volunteers. Upon receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, serum miR-27b had an area under the curve of 0.885 with 91% sensitivity and 73% specificity in distinguishing hypertensive patients with LVH from healthy volunteers (P=0.021), and an area under the curve of 0.818 with 79.1% sensitivity and 70.3% specificity in distinguishing hypertensive patients with LVH from those without LVH (P=0.036). We conclude that circulating miR-27b might serve as a specific, noninvasive biomarker in screening for LVH.

Current traditional treatment options have little impact on the long-term survival of patients with ovarian cancer due to a lack of understanding of the molecular transformations that occur in ovarian carcinoma. Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) perform a key role in protein translational fidelity. Enzymes involved in tRNA modification may function as regulators of cancer progression. Human tRNA methyltransferase 9-like (hTRM9L) catalyzes tRNA wobble base modifications, which regulate ovarian cancer growth and apoptosis via the retinoblastoma protein (pRB) and p53 signaling pathways. The aim of the present study was to confirm the role of hTRM9L in the proliferation and apoptosis of ovarian cancer. Immunohistochemistry was performed to investigate the expression of hTRM9L and LIN9 in 70 ovarian tissues. hTRM9L was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and inserted into the Ubi-multiple cloning site-enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-internal ribosome entry site-puromycin lentiviral expression vector to create the Ubi-KIAA1456-EGFP-puromycin (LV-KIAA1456) vector. The lentiviruses were subsequently compounded and transduced into HO8910PM cells. hTRM9L, LIN9 and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)/Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) expression levels were examined by PCR and western blot analysis. Apoptosis was verified by flow cytometry, and cell proliferation was evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8. hTRM9L and LIN9 expression were reduced in the ovarian cancer group, and there was a positive correlation between hTRM9L and LIN9 expression according to Pearson's correlation coefficient (r=0.406; P

The compound N-{2-[(2-chlorothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino]ethyl}-3-methoxybenzamide (8) was synthesized by the condensation of 3-methoxybenzoic acid (7) with N1-(2-chlorothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)ethane-1,2-diamine (6). This intermediate was prepared from methyl 3-aminothiophene-2-carboxylate (1) by the condensation with urea, chlorination with phosphorus oxychloride and then condensation with ethane-1,2-diamine. The crystal structure of the title compound was determined and the crystal of the title compound belongs to the tetragonal system, space group P4(3) with a = 9.4694(10) ��, b = 9.4694(10) ��, c = 18.886(3) ��, �� = 90��, �� = 90��, �� = 90��. The optimized geometric bond lengths and bond angles obtained by using density functional theory (DFT) have been compared with X-ray diffraction values. The calculated HOMO and LUMO energies showed the character of the title compound. The molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) surface map of the related molecule was investigated with theoretical calculations at the B3LYP/6-311 + G(d,p) levels. A quantitative analysis of the intermolecular interactions in the crystal structures has been performed using Hirshfeld surface analysis. In addition, the title compound possesses marked inhibition against the proliferation of human colon cancer cell line HT-29 (IC50 = 1.76 ��M), human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 (IC50 = 1.98 ��M) and human gastric cancer cell line MKN45 (IC50 = 2.32 ��M), displaying promising anticancer activitiy. The molecular docking studies revealed that the title compound may exhibit activity inhibiting PDB:3D15. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

CQDs/ZnIn2S4 (CQDs represents carbon quantum dots) nanocomposites were prepared via a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. The photocatalytic activity for the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) over the as-prepared CQDs/ZnIn2S4 nanocomposites under visible light irradiations was studied. The study found that the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) over hexagonal ZnIn2S4 can be significantly increased by loading CQDs as a co-catalyst. After 60 min of visible light illumination (λ > 420 nm), almost 100% Cr(VI) can convert to Cr(III) with (NH4)2C2O4 as a scavenger. Furthermore, the CQDs/ZnIn2S4 nanocomposites are demonstrated to execute as bifunctional photocatalysts with appreciable activity in the hybrid systems (Cr(VI)/RhB) under visible light, which made it a potential application material for industrial wastewater treatment. Combined with photoelectrochemical analyses, it can be found that the introduction of CQDs can reduce the recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Finally, a possible photocatalytic reaction mechanism is also proposed.

In this article, a novel multilayer substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) filter is proposed. Four SIW cavities are placed in two layers based on a standard Silicon Based MEMS Structure technology. Eigenmode solution is used to improve the efficiency of design. The feed line is adapted by CPW transmission line convenient connected the monolithic microwave chip. The filter has a 55% area reduction in comparison with planar structure. Good agreement is acquired between measured and simulated results.

As ultrathin MoS2 nanosheets are an emerging category of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide nanomaterials and have aroused increasing research enthusiasm due to their peculiar structure and intriguing characters. Electric field driven exfoliation approaches are promising for the green, controllable and large-scale production of 2D MoS2 flakes, thus making the extensive investigation of MoS2-based materials for prospective applications. In this article, on the basis of the difference of exfoliation electrode, we systematically review recent research and application progress of electric field driven exfoliating MoS2 nanosheets. The possible exfoliation mechanisms of different exfoliation methods and their effects on the crystal structure of MoS2 nanosheets are expound. Furthermore, we discussed the potential applications of different exfoliating methods for preparing MoS2 nanosheets. Lastly, the challenges and opportunities for the electric field driven exfoliation of 2D MoS2 and applications are put forward.

Pirfenidone has been widely used in the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, the role of pirfenidone in LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the protective effects of pirfenidone in ALI and to explore its underlying mechanism. Pirfenidone clearly reduces LPS-triggered ALI as indicated by significant pathological alterations, reduced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in vivo. Furthermore, pirfenidone also blocks apoptosis of LPS-induced alveolar epithelial type II (ATII) cells through inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial injury in vivo and in vitro. A lower expression level of BAP31, an ER transmembrane protein, was found to be associated with ALI followed LPS challenge. The reintroduction of BAP31 blunted LPS induced ER stress and mitochondrial damage and therefore alleviated ATII cell apoptosis, which correlated with pirfenidone treatment. Knockdown of BAP31 expression in pirfenidone treated ATII cells re-activated ER stress, mitochondrial damage and followed cellular apoptosis. In summary, this study confirms the beneficial effect of pirfenidone on ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction mediated apoptosis via upregulation of BAP31. Our results demonstrated that pirfenidone may be considered as a potential agent for the treatment of ALI in the future.

An indazole derivative, 1-(3-amino-4-morpholino-1H-indazole-1-carbonyl)-N-phenylcyclopropa ne-1-carboxamide (C22H23N5O3, Mr = 405.45) has been synthesized by condensation of 1-(phenylcarbamoyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid with 4-morpholino-1H-indazol-3-amine, which was prepared from 2,6-difluorobenzonitrile by amination with morpholine and then cyclisation with hydrazine hydrate. Spectro-elemental characterizations and single-crystal X-ray analysis were done for the structure elucidation. C22H23N5O3 has a monoclinic system, space group P21/c with a = 10.427(2) A, b = 17.283(4) A, c = 13.759(2) A, α = 90°, β = 122.773(12) °, γ = 90°. The optimized geometric bond lengths and bond angles obtained by using density functional theory (DFT) have been compared with X-ray diffraction values. The calculated HOMO - LUMO energy gap and electrostatic potential map were computed by DFT and reaction sites in the molecule are represented in molecular electrostatic potential maps (MEP) plot. The molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) surface map of the related molecule were investigated with theoretical calculations at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) levels. A quantitative analysis of the intermolecular interactions in the crystal structures has been performed using Hirshfeld surface analysis. In addition, the compound possesses distinct effective inhibition on the proliferation of HT-29, K562 and MKN45 cancer cell lines.

Objective To observe the effect of Modified Huangqi Chifeng Decoction (MHCD) on TGF-β₁/Smad signal pathway, and to explore its anti-renal fibrosis mechanism. Methods Adopting ser- um pharmacology method, rats were intragastrically administered with MHCD and telmisartan to prepare drug containing serum. Mouse mesangial cells were cultured in vitro, using lipopolysaccharides (LPS) as stimulating factor. The cells were divided into six groups, i.e., the normal group, the model group, the telmisartan group, high, medium and low dose MHCD groups. The cell supernatant was collected in each group after mouse mesangial cells were intervened by drug containing serum for 72 h. Contents of laminin (LN) and fibronectin (FN) were measured using ELISA. Protein expression levels of TGF-P, , p-Smad2/3, Smad7, and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were detected using Western blot. Results (1) Compared with the normal group, contents of LN and FN in supernatant significantly increased in the model group (P0. 01). Compared with the model group, contents of LN and FN were significantly reduced in the telmisartan group and the medium dose MHCD group (P0. 05, P0. 01). FN content in su- pernatant significantly decreased in the low dose MHCD group (P0. 01). (2) Compared with the normal group, protein expressions of TGF-β₁ , p-Smad2/3, and CTGF were significantly increased, Smad7 protein expression significantly decreased in the model group, with statistical difference (P0. 01). Compared with the model group, protein expressions of TGF-β₁ and CTGF significantly decreased in the telmisartan group and 3 MHCD groups (P0. 01 , P0. 05) ; protein expression of p-Smad23 significantly decreased in the telmisartan group, high and medium dose MHCD groups (P0.01); Smad7 protein expression were significantly increased in high and medium dose MHCD groups (P0. 05). Conclusion MHCD could inhibit increased inflammatory factors induced secretion of extracellular matrix in glomerular mesangial cells, and restrain excessive activation of TGF-β₁/Smad signal pathways, which might be one of its anti-renal fibrosis mechanisms.

Water is a major limiting factor for plant growth in arid and semi-arid regions. To find out the main sources of water for two artificial sand-fixation plants (Caragana korshinskii and Artemisia ordosica), we analyzed the characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes in water molecules of rainfall, soil water and xylem water. To analyze water sources of these two plants, we used a direct comparison method and a multi-variate mixed linear model. The results showed that an equation of local meteoric water line in Shapotou was δD=7.83δ水分是干旱、半干旱地区植物生长最主要的限制因子.为了探究较大降水事件后两种常见人工固沙植物柠条与油蒿的水分来源差异,分析降水、土壤水、地下水和植物茎水的氢氧稳定同位素特征,并采用直接对比法和多元线性混合模型对植物水分来源进行分析.结果表明: 沙坡头地区大气降水线方程为

In this paper, a dual-mode dual-band bandpass filter using silicon based MEMS structure is proposed, which allows two transmission paths to radio frequency (RF) signals. Each of them using dual-mode resonators results in respective passband. This filter is fabricated with two silicon layers. The two dual-mode resonators are fabricated in the middle layer and the feed network is fabricated on the top layer. This dual-band filter can provide convenience to easily change the feed-line length of the two bandwidths, while keeps only single input and output. Several attenuation poles in the stopband are realized to improve the selectivity of the proposed bandpass filter. The theoretical and measured results are presented and showed good agreement.

We reported a 16-year-old boy who developed Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) 15 days after receiving a seasonal influenza vaccine. His symptoms improved temporally with treatment but he developed HSP nephritis (HSPN) that relapsed multiple times over the following three years. This case of Henoch-Schönlein purpura may have been due to the seasonal influenza vaccine. The mechanism for this association is unclear. Practitioners should be aware of this possible complication.

Biocrusts play an important role in carbon (C) assimilation in arid and semiarid regions. In order to assess C gain in the crusted Hallamish dune field, net photosynthesis (Pn) and respiration (R) were measured at five crust types (A–E) which show a gradual increase in their chlorophyll content (with A < B < C < D < E). Pn and R were calculated per chlorophyll a and b (hereafter a/b) content. Total C input was calculated based on a large database that includes data on the temporal change in the chlorophyll content during the winter growing season, annual daylight and nighttime wetness duration and the cover of each crust type. The data show high similarity of Pn and R per chlorophyll content for all crusts (0.9–1.1 and 0.5–0.6 gC (Chla/b)− 1 h− 1, respectively). Both Pn and R showed a gradual increase with chlorophyll content with A ≈ B < C < D < E, with Pn ranging between 0.0311 (for crust A) and 0.1784 (for crust E) gC m− 1 h− 1. Total calculated C gain for crusts A–E assuming total crust cover ranged between 2.1–8.6 gC m− 2 a− 1 for crusts A–D and 50.90 gC m− 2 a− 1 for crust E, with total annual input into the crusted areas of the ecosystem and the entire ecosystem being 3.7 and 2.3 gC m− 2 a− 1, respectively. In comparison to net ecosystem C exchange (NEE) from arid regions, our findings highlight the important role played by biocrusts in CO2 sequestration and as C provider for an extreme arid ecosystem. Yet, although a conservative approach was adopted, the data should be regarded as rough estimation only. In-situ field measurements are still required in order to substantiate the crust role in the annual C gain.

Wind turbine power characteristic curve is not only an important indicator to assess the performance of wind turbine and evaluate the power generation performance, but also an important factor of impacting the wind power prediction accuracy. In this article, an identification method of the wind turbine power characteristic curve based on the genetic algorithm is proposed. With the piecewise linearization method, the wind turbine power characteristic curve is divided into several sections that can be described by linear or quadratic functions. Data preprocessing is used to filter the abnormal points in the original data. The distance from the wind turbine operating points to the power characteristic curve is selected as the fitness function. The identification process is to look for the parameters of the linear or quadratic curves that have the shortest distance to the massive operating points. The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified through the computation of a wind farm data.

It has been reported that ophiopogonin D (OP-D), a steroidal glycoside and an active component extracted from Ophiopogon japonicas, promotes antioxidative protection of the cardiovascular system. However, it is unknown whether OP-D exerts protective effects against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced autophagic cardiomyocyte injury. Here, we demonstrate that DOX induced excessive autophagy through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in H9c2 cells and in mouse hearts, which was indicated by a significant increase in the number of autophagic vacuoles, LC3-II/LC3-I ratio, and upregulation of the expression of GFP-LC3. Pretreatment with OP-D partially attenuated the above phenomena, similar to the effects of treatment with 3-methyladenine. In addition, OP-D treatment significantly relieved the disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential by antioxidative effects through downregulating the expression of both phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase. The ability of OP-D to reduce the generation of ROS due to mitochondrial damage and, consequently, to inhibit autophagic activity partially accounts for its protective effects in the hearts against DOX-induced toxicity.

In the present research work, adding a certain amount of coke dry quenching(CDQ) dust to pulverized coal used in blast furnace is proposed for efficient utilization of resources and reducing smelting cost. The properties of coal blends and coal/dust blends were investigated by using long tube tester and the device of thermogravimetry (TG). Important results were obtained by experimental researches about explosibility and combustion performance. According to optimum blending ratio of coal B in coal blend (around 50%), burnout of coal/dust blends decreases after adding CDQ dust in the range 5% to 10% to blends. However, all of them are more than 80%, which can meet production requirements. In the case of adding about 8% of CDQ dust to coal blend, combustion efficiency is better and safety injection can be realized.

The effects of Ca-based sulfur catcher on sulfur fixing were investigated by experiments. The results indicate that sulfur capture efficiency of CaO is the maximum when n(CaO)/n(S) ratio is equal to 2.5. Moreover, the influences of Cr2O3 on sulfur-fixing of CaO were studied when n(CaO)/n(S) ratio is equal to 2.5. The results indicate that addition of Cr2O3 can improve the sulfur capture efficiency of CaO, and efficiency of CaO is the best when Cr2O3 is added to 0.5%. This is because that Cr2O3 can be oxidized to CrO2. On the one hand, the oxides of chromium can catalyze the reaction of sulfur-fixing. On the other hand, CrO2 can react with SO2 to form Cr2(SO4)3. These also can improve the sulfur capture efficiency of Ca-based sulfur catchers.