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Nickel-based superalloy lattice sandwich structures present higher stiffness, higher strength and higher temperature resistance in comparison with other metals. In this study, the Kagome unit was adopted to design the lattice sandwich structure and ProCAST software was used to simulate the filling and solidification processes of the nickel-based superalloy. Grain morphology and sizes of the nickel-based superalloy lattice sandwich structures were simulated by using of cellular automaton coupled with finite element model (CAFE), and indirect additive manufacture combining with investment casting were carried out to fabricate the nickel-based superalloy lattice sandwich structures. The calculated grain morphology and sizes are in good agreement with the experimental results. The grains are mainly equiaxed with an average size of about 500 μm. The simulated results also show that the superheat of melting and the mold preheated temperature have significant influence on the grain size of the Kagome lattice sandwich structures, lower superheat of melting and mold preheated temperatures are encouraged to obtain the fine grains while assuring the integrity of the Kagome lattice sandwich structures for industrial application.

Lattice metamaterials based on three-period minimum surface (TPMS) are an effective means to achieve lightweight and high-strength materials which are widely used in various fields such as aerospace and ships. However, its vibration and noise reduction, and damping properties have not been fully studied. Therefore, in this study, the TPMS structures with parameterization were designed by the method of surface migration, and the TPMS structures with high forming quality was manufactured by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). The mechanical properties and energy absorption characteristics of the beam and TPMS structures were studied and compared by quasi-static compression. The modal shapes of the beam lattice structures and TPMS structures were obtained by the free modal analysis, and the damping properties of two structures were obtained by modal tests. For the two structures after heat treatment with the same porosity of 70%, the yield strength of the beam lattice structure reaches 40.76 MPa, elastic modulus is 20.38 GPa, the energy absorption value is 32.23 MJ·m-3, the damping ratio is 0.52%. The yield strength, elastic modulus, energy absorption value, and damping ratio of the TPMS structure are 50.74 MPa, 25.37 GPa, 47.34 MJ·m-3, and 0.99%, respectively. The results show that TPMS structures exhibit more excellent mechanical properties and energy absorption, better damping performance, and obvious advantages in structural load and vibration and noise reduction compared with the beam lattice structures under the same porosity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Additive manufacturing technology is highly regarded due to its advantages, such as high precision and the ability to address complex geometric challenges. However, the development of additive manufacturing process is constrained by issues like unclear fundamental principles, complex experimental cycles, and high costs. Machine learning, as a novel artificial intelligence technology, has the potential to deeply engage in the development of additive manufacturing process, assisting engineers in learning and developing new techniques. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the research and applications of machine learning in the field of additive manufacturing, particularly in model design and process development. Firstly, it introduces the background and significance of machine learning-assisted design in additive manufacturing process. It then further delves into the application of machine learning in additive manufacturing, focusing on model design and process guidance. Finally, it concludes by summarizing and forecasting the development trends of machine learning technology in the field of additive manufacturing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new shedding phenomenon of ventilated partial cavitations is observed around an axisymmetric projectile in a horizontal launching experiment. The experiment system is established based on SHPB launching and high speed photography. A numerical simulation is carried out based on the homogeneous mixture approach, and its predicted evolutions of cavities are compared with the experimental results. The cavity breaks off by the interaction between the gas injection and the re-entry jet at the middle location of the projectile, which is obviously different from natural cavitation. The mechanism of cavity breaking and shedding is investigated, and the influences of important factors are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the impact of the multi-drug resistance 1(MDR1) C3435T polymorphism on clinical outcomes in gastric cancer patients treated with postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy., Methods: From January 2005 to December 2008, 102 patients with surgically resected gastric cancers were enrolled into this study in the Affiliated Jiangsu Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. The polymorphism was tested using real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) cycling probes and the relationship with clinical outcomes after postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was analyzed by SPSS 17.0., Results: The CT/TT genotype of C3435T was significantly associated with a shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) compared with the CC genotype [PFS: adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 2.01, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.17-3.45, P = 0.012; OS: adjusted HR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.31-4.28, P = 0.004]. TNM stage was also associated with PFS (adjusted HR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.34-4.05, P = 0.003) and OS (adjusted HR = 2.62, 95% CI: 1.44-4.76, P = 0.002) in gastric cancer patients treated with postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy., Conclusion: Our results suggest that the MDR1 gene C3435T polymorphism is associated with clinical outcomes in gastric cancer patients treated with postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. This now needs to be confirmed by a randomized prospectively controlled study.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of multi-drug resistance 1 (MDR1) gene codon 3435 polymorphisms on response to platinum-based chemotherapeutic regimens for advanced non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)., Methods: Responses and overall survival were evaluated in a series of patients presenting between March 1, 2005 and December 31, 2010. MDR1 gene C3435T polymorphisms were genotyped using peripheral blood with real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and relationships between the MDR1 C3435T genetic polymorphism and response rate of chemotherapy were analyzed by SPSS 13.0., Results: Overall response to chemotherapy in the eligible 103 patients was 21.4%. Patients with C/C genotype in MDR1 codon 3435 had a significantly higher response rate (24.5%) than those for C/T(19.0%) and T/T(12.5%) (P<0.05). The overall median survival time (MST) of patients was 19 months, values with C/C, C/T and T/T genotype were 21, 15.5 and 17 months, respectively (P=0.487)., Conclusion: Our research suggested that patents with the C/C genotype in MDR1 codon 3435 could be more sensitive to platinum-based chemotherapy than patients with C/T and T/T; however, no significant difference was found between overall survival and MDR1 codon 3435 genetic polymorphisms.

Purpose: Endostar is a proteolytic fragment of collagen XVIII that has been shown to have antitumor activity, with a favorable toxicological profile. We conducted this study to investigate its efficacy and safety when combined with chemotherapy in patients with advanced solid tumors., Methods: From July 2006 to September 2008, 45 patients with histologically or cytologically confirmed solid tumors were enrolled into this study. All received Endostar at a dose of 7.5 mg/m2 /day as an intravenous infusion for more than 7 days, in combination with chemotherapy. Patients were treated until tumor progression or unacceptable toxicity., Results: No treatment related death occurred in this study. Main reported toxicities included: myelosuppression (82.2%), hepatic impairment (42.2%), anorexia (20.0%), nausea (24.4%), vomiting (22.2%), diarrhea (20.0%), febrile (20.0%) and fatigue (24.4%). No complete response was observed. Two patients (2/42) had partial response, twenty-one (21/42) remained stable, and nineteen (19/42) had progressive disease. Median time to tumor progression was 3.0 months (range, 0.5-12.0). Median overall survival was 30.0 months (95% confidence interval: 20.0-40.0) and 1 year survival rate was 81.0%., Conclusion: Our study revealed that toxicity of Endostar combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of solid tumors was tolerable with moderate efficacy.

Aim: To validate the clinical value of a computer assisted program (CAP), (visit website; http://xinenhuang.blog.sohu.com for details) for breast cancer patients who receive postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy., Methods: Patients with histologically confirmed breast cancer after mastectomy who received postoperative chemotherapy in Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Research Institute were recruited in this study. All eligible patients are divided into three groups: group A, regimen of practical chemotherapy consistent with CAP prediction; group B, partly consistent with CAP prediction; group C, inconsistent with CAP prediction. Overall survival (OS) was compared among groups A, B and C to determine the efficacy of CAP., Results: From November 1992 to July 2007, 310 female breast cancer patients were recruited into this study, with 112, 106 and 89, respectively, in groups A, B, and C. Prognosis of group A was better than both group B and C, with significantly different survival curves between group A and B (p=0.0004) and group A and C (p=0.0046)., Conclusion: Validation showed our CAP to provide clinically valuable information on adjuvant chemotherapy for postoperative breast cancer patients.

Objective: To compare the safety and efficacy of a combination of vinorelbine and epirubicin (NE) with fluorouracil/epirubicin/cyclophosphamide (FEC) as a postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer., Methods: Breast cancer patients were treated postoperatively in Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Research Institute from 1997 to 2006 with either the NE regimen (vinorelbine 40 mg/m2 iv on day 1 and day 8, epirubicin 50 mg/m2 iv on day 1 and day 2, and a cycle repeated every 21-28 days for totally 4-6 cycles) or the FEC regimen (5-Fu 500 mg/m2 iv gtt on day 1, epirubicin 50 mg/m2 iv on day 1 and day 2, CTX 500 mg/m2 iv on day 1 and a cycle repeated every 21-28 days for totally 4-6 cycles). Toxicity was evaluated after each cycle of chemotherapy., Results: Main side effects in both NE and FEC groups were neutropenia and gastrointestinal syndrome, with a 5 year survival rate of 87.9% in the NE and 85.2% in the FEC group., Conclusions: NE regimen is safe with good long-term survival rate, and thus could be recommended as a postoperative chemotherapy regimen for breast cancer.