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This study evaluates the ability of 23 climate models from phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) in simulating extreme climate events over China. The multimodel ensemble (MME) performs better than most individual models in reproducing the climatological mean distribution of all extreme indices. The MME can reproduce well the climatological mean distributions of five extreme climate indices over China, including annual total precipitation (PTOT), maximum consecutive 5‐day precipitation (RX5), simple daily intensity (SDII), maximum daily maximum temperature (TXX), and minimum daily minimum temperature (TNN), with Taylor skill scores exceeding 0.7. SDII and TXX are the most skilful precipitation and temperature extreme indices simulated by the MME, respectively. The MME has relatively lower skill in simulating the climatological mean distribution of warm days (TX90P) and cold nights (TN10P) over China. Future projections of these extreme climate indices by the end of the 21st century are explored with the MME under the SSP1‐2.6, SSP2‐4.5, and SSP5‐8.5 scenarios. The PTOT and RX5 in northwestern China are all projected to increase by more than 30% under SSP5‐8.5. R20 is projected to increase by 4–5 days over southeastern China under SSP5‐8.5. There are fewer (more) consecutive dry days over north China (south China), with a change of 5 days under SSP5‐8.5. The extreme temperature indices, including TX90P, TXX, and TNN, all increase with time and higher SSP scenarios. The three indices increase by 40–55%, 4–6°C, and 4–7°C under SSP5‐8.5 over east China, respectively. The TN10P decreases by more than 6% over east China. The changes in these extreme indices under SSP1‐2.6 and SSP2‐4.5 are similar to those under SSP5‐8.5 but with a smaller magnitude. Large uncertainties still exist in the future projections, especially under the high SSP scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis study investigates the correlation between circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in peripheral blood and the clinical characteristics and prognosis of advanced pediatric neuroblastoma (NB). We conducted a retrospective analysis of 144 children with advanced NB who underwent comprehensive treatment. Detailed clinical data were collected, and CTCs were detected using a negative enrichment method combined with immunofluorescence technology. Prognostic evaluation criteria and cutoff values for CTCs were established using ROC curve analysis. Univariate and Cox multivariate regression analyses identified independent risk factors impacting prognosis. Patients were categorized into high and low-expression groups based on optimal cutoff values determined with X-tile software. The high expression group had a significantly higher incidence of disease progression (p < 0.001), maximum tumor diameter ≥10 cm (p = 0.004), undifferentiated subtype (p = 0.034), and stage IV disease (p = 0.007) compared to the low expression group. CTCs were notably higher in patients with progression compared to those with mitigation (p < 0.001), in those with maximum tumor diameter ≥10 cm compared to <10 cm (p < 0.001), and in stage IV compared to stage III patients (p = 0.036). The AUC values for maximum tumor diameter, degree of differentiation, and tumor stage were 0.703, 0.669, 0.574, and 0.598, respectively. The detection of CTCs provides significant insights into the clinical characteristics and prognosis of advanced pediatric NB, highlighting its potential as a prognostic tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A comprehensive pretreatment system was developed to simultaneously extract and purify 120 veterinary antibiotics, possessing various physicochemical properties in eight categories. This system was coupled with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) for the detection of the antibiotics. The samples were dissolved and dispersed by a Na 2 EDTA-Mcllvaine buffer, extracted with acetonitrile containing 1.5% (v/v) formic acid, and cleaned using an Oasis PRiME HLB SPE system followed by n -hexane liquid purification. The separation of residue targets was performed on an Atlantis ® T3 column (100 mm×2.1 mm, 3 μm) with a gradient elution of 0.1% (v/v) formic acid aqueous solution and acetonitrile as mobile phases and detected by UPLC-MS/MS with the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode via ESI + ionization. The pH of the extraction solvent and the purification method were optimized to promote the target recoveries. All targets showed good linear ranges from 1.0 to 50.0 μg/L, while all their correlation coefficients ( r 2 ) were higher than 0.9953, including r 2 values of 89 targets being over 0.9990. The limits of quantification (LOQs) of seven targets were 10.0 μg/kg; 21 targets, 5.0 μg/kg; and the remaining 92 targets, not higher than 2.0 μg/kg. The average recoveries on three spiked levels (low, medium, and high) for all targets ranged from 71.5%-109.2%, with RSD ranging from 0.6%-15.3%. The combined system, exhibiting satisfying recovery and stable repeatability, can be suitably employed for the simultaneous determination of multiple veterinary antibiotics in animal-derived meat products.