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Background: An accumulating number of studies show that CALD1 is associated with a variety of tumor microenvironments (TME) and is closely related to patients' survival. However, to the best of our knowledge, few studies examined the role of CALD1 in the immune microenvironment of glioma. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential correlation between CALD1 and the pathogenesis and progression of glioma, aiming to identify a novel therapeutic target., Methods: We assessed the role of CALD1 in pan-cancer and investigated the correlation between CALD1 and TME of glioma by bioinformatic analysis and experimental verification., Results: We found that CALD1 expression in glioma was associated with a variety of infiltrating immune cells. CALD1 can promote the development of glioma by affecting M2 macrophage infiltration. Also, we found that CALD1 was closely associated with tumor mutation burden, microsatellite instability, copy number variation, methylation, and stem cell index. Our clinical correlation study demonstrated that CALD1 was associated with overall survival, progression-free interval, and disease-specific survival in a variety of tumors. We verified the significantly high expression of CALD1 in glioma using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blotting. Meanwhile, we also conducted relevant cell experiments to prove that CALD1 can affect the proliferation and migration ability of glioma cells in vitro., Conclusions: Our results confirmed that CALD1 may be a prognostic marker for glioma and a potential target for immunotherapy in the future., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://tcr.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/tcr-24-216/coif). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare., (2024 Translational Cancer Research. All rights reserved.)

Objective To evaluate the role of nutritional intervention during concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for esophageal cancer and investigate the incidence and risk factors of skeletal muscle loss after CCRT.Methods The clinical data of patients with esophageal cancer who underwent CCRT in our center from April 2017 to November 2019 were retrospectively collected.The CT images before and after CCRT were analyzed.The incidence of skeletal muscle loss,changes in nutritional indicators,and chemoradiotherapy delay were recorded,and the risk factors associated with declined skeletal muscle index (SMI) were analyzed.Results In the nutritional intervention group,the average daily energy intake per person in the oral nutritional supplement (ONS) subgroup,parenteral nutrition (PN) subgroup,and ONS+PN subgroup were (273.5±252.8), (310.6±311.2),and (745.3±637.8) kcal (1 kcal=4.1868 kJ),respectively,and the difference was statistically significant ( F =5.870, P =0.005).After CCRT,the incidence of sarcopenia was 40.3% ( n =40) in the nutrition intervention group,which was significantly lower than that (45.2%, n =42) in the control group ( χ 2 =4.247, P =0.038);the decline of SMI in the nutrition intervention group was (1.4±8.3) cm 2 /m 2 ,which was significantly lower than that in the control group [ (5.4±9.1) cm 2 /m 2 ] ( t =2.187, P =0.031).In the nutrition intervention group,the radiotherapy delay and chemotherapy delay occurred in 18 patients and 10 patients,which were significantly lower than those in the control group [25 patients ( χ 2 =4.501, P =0.039) and 19 patients ( χ 2 =8.929, P =0.005) ].The duration of radiotherapy delay and chemotherapy delay in the nutrition intervention group was (2.3±4.4) and (0.9±1.3) days,which were significantly shorter than those in the control group [ (4.2±5.3) ( t =0.691, P =0.047) and (2.2±3.2) days ( t =0.847, P =0.041) ].The incidence of sarcopenia was 75.2% before CCRT,which was significantly lower than that (88.2%) after CCRT ( χ 2 =5.183, P =0.023).Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that T stage ( P =0.007),N stage ( P <0.001),and nutritional intervention ( P =0.014) at baseline had significant effects on the decrease of SMI in patients with esophageal cancer after radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Conclusions Nutrition intervention can reduce the incidence of delayed chemoradiotherapy during esophageal cancer CCRT and reduce skeletal muscle loss.The decline of SMI is mainly related to the T stage,N stage,and nutrition intervention at baseline.

Objectives: There is no generally accepted treatment strategy for cervical esophageal carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the operative outcomes of reconstruction after resection of cervical esophageal and hypopharynx-esophagus junction carcinoma with larynx preservation., Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 79 patients with carcinoma of the hypopharynx-esophagus junction and cervical esophagus. Transhiatal total esophagectomy without thoracotomy was carried out in 67 patients who underwent gastric pull-up (GP) or colon interposition (CI) techniques. Transcervical limited pharyngo-cervical esophagectomy was performed in the patients with the pectoralis major flap alone or combined with the split graft (PMF/CWSG) for reconstruction. Seventy-two patients received postoperative adjuvant therapy., Results: The 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates were 66.4% and 45.5%, respectively. The average time to resumption of oral feeding was 25.2 days. All patients had preserved laryngeal function. The overall incidence of complications was 29.1% (23/79), which included cervical fistula, abdominal wound dehiscence, liquefaction necrosis of abdominal fat, and pleural effusion., Conclusions: Surgical resection of cervical esophageal carcinoma and laryngeal preservation is possible. Complete esophagectomy should be performed when the resection extends below the thoracic inlet. The reconstruction methods we performed were safe and effective for the immediate restoration of alimentary continuity after resection of cervical esophageal and pharyngo-cervical esophageal carcinoma; and the patients with PMF/CWSG reconstruction had a better survival than those with GP or CI reconstruction. Combined with radiotherapy, the resectability rate and survival rate of cervical esophageal carcinoma can be improved.

Objective: To study the feasibility, surgical technique and results of laryngeal function preservation in surgical treatment for medial wall pyriform sinus cancer., Methods: From 1992 to 1999, 31 patients with medial wall pyriform sinus cancer including stage I 1, II 4, III 14 and IV 12 lesions were treated. Partial resection of pyriform sinus and partial laryngectomy were performed, then, the remains of epiglottis and uni-pedicled sternohyoid myofascial flap were used to restore the defects of larynx. At last, the remaining hypopharyngeal mucosa was sutured to cover the wound of hypopharynx and for artificial rebuild-up. All patients received postoperative radiotherapy., Results: The 3- and 5-year survival rates were 62.1% and 43.6% respectively, with 77.4% patients having laryngeal functions (voice, respiration and deglutition) completely restored and 32.6% partially restored (voice and deglutition)., Conclusion: Conservative surgery so introduced is feasible for selected medial wall pyriform sinus cancer patients with the lesion completely resected.