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In this study, VOx was prepared by oxalic acid and vanadium pentoxide under nitrogen atmosphere and SiO2 was grown on the surface of VOx. Block copolymer (PCL-b-PDMS-b-PCL) was synthesized by hydroxy terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) and caprolactone, and the composite material containing inorganic particles was obtained by blending VOx/SiO2 with PCL-b-PDMS-b-PCL. The porous film was constructed by breathing pattern method, and the supersmooth surface was obtained by injecting lubricating oil into the porous film. The composite was tested by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, hydrogen NMR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, contact angle and anti-bacterial adhesion. The results showed that PCL-b-PDMS-b-PCL was successfully synthesized, and the prepared composite material containing inorganic particles had excellent superslippery properties after oil injection, and the sliding angle was 2°. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tin dioxide (SnO2) has been widely applied as the electron transport layer (ETL) in perovskite solar cells. However, the SnO2 with low conduction band minimum that has mismatched energy levels between the perovskite film and severe SnO2/perovskite interfacial defects is liable to cause nonradiative recombination. In order to modify the SnO2 layer, herein, we introduced the zinc chloride (ZnCl2) hydrochloric acid solution into the SnO2 nanocrystals solution (SnO2–Zn) and proved that ZnCl2 doping in the SnO2 ETL is a simple and low-cost passivation method, which can significantly improve the efficiency and stability of devices and remove the hysteresis. Ultimately, an enhancement of open-circuit voltage from 1.13 to 1.16 V and an increased corresponding power conversion efficiency from 22.88% to 24.12% are achieved for the devices using SnO2–Zn ETL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conductive hydrogels can be utilized in the field of flexible supercapacitors due to their stretchable properties and high ionic conductivity. However, many of the conductive hydrogels lose their stretchability and conductivity at subzero temperatures. Herein, a novel Janus POSS‐based hydrogel electrolyte that shows excellent flexibility and ionic conductivity at low temperatures is designed and prepared by the copolymerization of acrylamide and a water‐soluble Janus‐type polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (AS‐POSS) containing sodium sulfonate groups and double bonding groups. The sodium sulfonate groups of AS‐POSS and LiCl endow the hydrogel electrolyte with excellent anti‐freezing ability. Simultaneously, the double bonding groups of AS‐POSS enable a successful POSS crosslinking in the polymer network, resulting in a highly stretchable hydrogel electrolyte (1445%) with high ionic conductivity (0.067 S cm−1) at −20°C. Thereafter, the all‐in‐one flexible supercapacitor is prepared by in‐situ polymerization of aniline. Based on the exceptional anti‐freezing properties of the Janus POSS‐based hydrogel electrolyte, the all‐in‐one supercapacitor exhibits stable electrochemical performance (>90% capacitance retained under deformation at −20°C) and excellent cycling stability (only 19.7% capacitance decay over 2000 charge/discharge cycles at −20°C) at low temperatures. The Janus POSS‐based hydrogel electrolyte is expected to be a promising gel electrolyte for an all‐in‐one supercapacitor that resists freezing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aluminum–water reaction, as a promising technology for hydrogen energy production, is still burdened by a relatively high cost. Therefore, the comprehensive utilization of its byproducts is significant for improving the economic efficiency and environmental protection. Herein, using the byproducts (pseudoboehmite) of aluminum water-based hydrogen production as an Al source, hexagonal nanosheet structures of aluminate-based afterglow materials, SrAl2O4: Eu2+, Dy3+ (SAO-G) and Sr4Al14O25: Eu2+, Dy3+ (SAO-B) were prepared. The SAO-G and SAO-B possess satisfactory afterglow luminescence performance with emission peaks of 521 and 496 nm, respectively. Meanwhile, the average decay time can achieve 11 s of SAO-G and 61 s of SAO-B. Furthermore, the as-obtained afterglow nanomaterials were made into luminescent inks with various colors to achieve advanced anticounterfeiting and multiple encryptions. Benefiting from overlapping interference layers and the different afterglow times, information security is effectively guaranteed. Finally, the SAO-G was functionalized by lysozyme-binding aptamer for latent fingerprint (LFP) visualization. It was proven that this method can efficiently eliminate background interference, thus realizing LFP visualization with high anti-interference and sensitivity. The above results indicated that the hexagonal nanosheet structures of aluminate-based afterglow materials obtained by recycling the solid byproducts from alloyed aluminum–water reaction to produce hydrogen reported in this study have great application prospects in information security and LFP visualization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Magnetic-activated carbon-based nanocomposites with core–shell structure have attracted wide attention in electromagnetic wave absorption (EMA) field. In this work, Fe/Fe3C@C nanocomposites with a core–shell structure were prepared by solvothermal synthesis and high-temperature carbonization process. The formed heterogeneous structure of Fe/Fe3C@C nanocomposite is conducive to improving its polarization loss capability. The Fe/Fe3C@C nanocomposites exhibit efficient EMA performance, the minimum reflection loss (RL) is − 22.08 dB at 13.85 GHz, and the effective absorption bandwidth (RL ≤ − 10 dB) reaches 5.50 GHz (11.75–17.25 GHz) with a thickness of 2.3 mm. The high-efficiency EMA performance is attributed to the synergistic effects of well-matched impedance characteristics and heterogeneous structure. This work may provide a kind of novel insights into the preparation of broadband EMA materials by optimization of structure and composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of multifunctional and efficient microwave‐absorbing materials for various environments is essential to safeguard human health and combat interference in the operation of precision electronic apparatus. Specifically, Ti3C2Tx is attractive for microwave absorption (MA) due to its ultra‐low thickness, high conductivity, and high polarizability. However, the MA performance of Ti3C2Tx is limited by its mismatched impedance. To meet the high requirement in MA performance, a lightweight PANI/Ti3C2Tx‐PVDF composite foam was fabricated by a NaCl‐template method and dipping absorption in this study. The MA performance of the PANI/Ti3C2Tx‐PVDF composite foam can be regulated by both the composition and the loading content of PANI/Ti3C2Tx in composite foam. After loading with 25 wt.% PANI/Ti3C2Tx, the 2.33 mm‐thick PANI/Ti3C2Tx‐PVDF composite foam reached the optimal minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −65.21 dB at 9.23 GHz and effective bandwidth of 2.61 GHz in the range of 8.20–10.81 GHz. The favorable MA performance of the composite foam was mainly ascribed to the great impedance matching and strong dielectric loss, which originated from the modulated conductivity and porous structure. Moreover, the PANI/Ti3C2Tx‐PVDF composite foam integrated MA performance, thermal insulation function, and organic solvent absorption capacity to show multifunctionality for various applications. In summary, this study may pave the way for the facile fabrication of next‐generation multifunctional high‐efficient MA materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we designed a core@double-shell nanostructure to enhance the electromagnetic wave absorption performance of hybrid nanospheres. Herein, the core@double-shell structured Fe3O4@polyaniline@MnO2 nanospheres were successfully prepared by a facile solvothermal process and in situ polymerization methods. The morphology, structure, magnetism and microwave absorption properties were studied. The results reveal that the FPM nanospheres exhibit extraordinary microwave absorbing performance compared to those of either Fe3O4 or Fe3O4@polyaniline nanospheres. The minimum reflection loss of the FPM nanospheres is − 14.7 dB at 15.76 GHz with the thickness of 3.5 mm, and the corresponding effective absorption bandwidth can reach 4.75 GHz. The perfect EMW absorption of nanospheres can be ascribed to multi-interface polarization, multiple reflections and good impedance matching originated from the core@double-shell nanostructure. In this work, the Core@Double-shell structured Fe3O4@polyaniline@MnO2 nanospheres were successfully prepared by a facile solvothermal process and in-situ polymerization methods. The Fe3O4@Polyaniline@MnO2 nanospheres exhibit extraordinary microwave absorbing performance, which is ascribed to multi-interface polarization, multiple reflections, and good impedance matching originated from the core@double-shell nanostructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]