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This study aimed to systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine combined with negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). Computerised searches of the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, Chinese BioMedical Literature Database, PubMed, Cochrane Library and Embase databases were conducted for randomised controlled trials on the use of Chinese herbal medicines combined with NPWT for the treatment of DFU. The search period ranged from the time of establishment of each database to July 2023. Literature screening and data extraction were performed independently by two investigators, and the quality of the included studies was assessed. The meta‐analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4 software. A total of 25 studies were analysed, including 1777 DFUs, with 890 and 887 patients in the experimental and control groups, respectively. The results showed that the treatment of DFUs with a Chinese herbal medicine in combination with NPWT increased the overall effectiveness (odds ratio [OR] = 4.32, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.96–6.30, p < 0.001), wound healing rate (mean difference [MD] = 18.35, 95% CI: 13.07–23.64, p < 0.001) and ankle brachial index (MD = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.06–0.14, p < 0.001); reduced the wound healing time (MD = −11.01, 95% CI: −13.25 to −8.78, p < 0.001) and post‐treatment wound area (MD = −1.73, 95% CI: −2.46 to −1.01, p < 0.001); decreased the C‐reactive protein level (MD = −3.57, 95% CI: −5.13 to −2.00, p < 0.001); and increased vascular endothelial growth factor level (MD = 19.20, 95% CI: 8.36–30.05, p < 0.001). Thus, Chinese herbal medicines combined with NPWT can effectively promote wound healing, reduce inflammation and shorten the disease course in patients with DFU, while demonstrating precise clinical efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present an alternative scheme to generate W state of three superconducting qubits in three spatially separated coplanar waveguide resonators with the quantum Zeno dynamics and the dressed states. When a set of dressed states is suitably chosen, a scheme can be designed for accelerating the adiabatic passage without additional couplings. What is more, the populations of the intermediate states of the system can be restricted by choosing suitable control parameters. We discuss the influence of dissipation and operational imperfection by numerical analysis and the results show that the scheme is robust against various decoherence processes. In addition, we hope the scheme can provide a theoretical basis for the manipulation of the multi-qubit quantum state. Key words: W state, circuit quantum electrodynamics, dressed state, quantum Zeno dynamics, accelerating adiabatic passage. Nous presentons ici un schema alternatif pour generer l'etat intrique W de trois qubits supraconducteurs dans trois resonateurs a guide d'onde coplanaires separes spatialement, avec dynamique quantique de Zenon et etats habilles. Lorsqu'un ensemble d'etats habilles est choisi de facon appropriee, on peut construire un schema qui accelere le passage adiabatique sans couplages additionnels. De plus, les populations des etats intermediaires peuvent etre restreintes en choisissant les parametres de controle idoines. Nous discutons par analyse numerique l'influence de la dissipation et de l'imperfection operationnelle; les resultats montrent que le schema est robuste contre differents processus de decoherence. En conclusion, nous esperons que ce schema peut fournir une base theorique pour la manipulation de l'etat quantique multi-qubits. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles: etat W, electrodynamique du circuit quantique, etat habille, dynamique quantique de Zenon, accelerant le passage adiabatique., 1. Introduction In recent years, much attention has been focused on production and manipulation of entangled states, which promoted the development of experimental technique and led to the realization of [...]

Sweetpotato is a heliophile crop. However, it is usually shaded in the lower position in the interplanting cultivation mode. During the middle and late field growing period, it often faces rainy weather with little illumination, which affects the dry matter accumulation in tuberous roots. Thus, analyzing the metabolic response pathways of sweetpotato under shade stress will provide the theoretical basis for the varieties' genetic improvement of shade tolerance. In this study, the sweetpotato variety Zhenghong 23 was exposed to shade stress with 50% light transmittance for 15 days. Results showed that chlorophyll b and the total chlorophyll contents of Zhenghong 23 under shade stress were significantly increased compared with those under natural light. The maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), the potential activity (Fv/Fo), and the comprehensive index of photosynthetic performance (PIABS) of the chlorophyll photosystem PSII decreased significantly under shade stress. The net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency decreased significantly, while SOD and POD enzyme activities increased significantly. In addition, shade stress increased significantly the vine length and specific leaf area of Zhenghong 23, but reduced significantly the fresh weight of roots. Transcriptome and metabolome analysis of leaf tissues under shade stress and natural light conditions showed that the DEGs and DMs were mainly enriched in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, sugar metabolism, sphinolipid metabolism, and arginine biosynthesis pathways. Most of the up-regulated DEGs enriched in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway were POD enzyme family genes, indicating that the shade stress triggered the ROS scavenging system in sweetpotato. Meanwhile, shade stress reduced sugar metabolism level of sweetpotato, decreased the soluble sugar content of leaves, inhibited both the synthesis and degradation of starch, and blocked the expansion of tuberous roots. In addition, the sphinolipid and arginine metabolism pathways may better adapt sweetptoato plants to shade stress through improving the stability of biomembranes and increase the synthetic substrates of polyamine anti-stress factors. These results provide new theoretical basis for understanding the metabolic response pathways of sweetpotato under shade stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This qualitative study aims to understand how English learners interpret shared space in an online multilateral English blogging context and how their interpretations of shared space contribute to their multilateral exchange experience. Twenty-four Asian learners of English from two different universities--one in Japan and one in Taiwan--participated in this study. These learners worked on their individual blogs and interacted on both their own blogs and on those of their partners. Data sources include surveys, online interaction records, class assignments, reflective journals, and interviews. Guided by Kramsch's (2009c) analogy of the mindsets of the structuralist and post-structuralist approaches in culture and communication, this study reported that students in this multilateral English blogging project interpreted shared space from two perspectives (a) commonality, and (b) relativity. While students who interpreted shared space from the perspective of commonality valued pre-existing shared personal interests, mutual understanding, and similar personal experiences as a prerequisite for inter-class blogging, students who interpreted shared space from the perspective of relativity tended to draw relative positions from a dialogue between their and their inter-class peers' historicity or cultural memories through re-contextualization and re-positioning. This study suggests that although students who interpreted shared space from the commonality perspective were able to engage in inter-class blogging, they faced difficulties in exploring other possibilities in relating to the blog content, the blog discussions, and the bloggers, when commonality was absent. However, for students who interpreted shared space from the relativity perspective, they were able to form relationships of possibility in mediating encounters through uses of heterogeneous semiotic resources. Future research on what barriers can hinder students' development due to interpretation of shared space and how students develop uses of symbolic resources can contribute to understanding students' construction of shared space for communication. (Contains 3 tables and 3 notes.)

This paper focuses on the divide at the classroom level in computer-assisted language learning (CALL) that is centered on how those who have technology use it in the pursuit of effective language teaching and learning. This divide is the result in part of the current emphasis on emerging technologies in the CALL literature and in CALL language teacher development that seems to indicate that good CALL activities and lessons can only be carried out with the use of advanced and cutting-edge technologies. The aim of this paper is twofold: (a) to argue that optimal language learning activities can be supported by the use of "limited" technologies, and (b) to present a framework for developing language learning tasks in limited technology contexts. We do not suggest ways to bridge the digital divide that exists between technology haves and have-nots. Instead, we focus on ways to provide effective language learning experiences in CALL classrooms regardless of the technologies available. In doing so, we propose ways to work around the divide created by the overemphasis on new technologies. We suggest that rather than lamenting the fact that our tools are not the latest and greatest, we must pay attention to using the tools at hand to students' best advantage while we look for ways to obtain additional resources. We must also consider and collaborate with educators who have accepted the position that the use of limited technology cannot be effective in supporting student learning or who do not know how to use their technology to present students with effective opportunities. By addressing these issues in the literature and other forums, the digital divide in CALL classrooms between good technology use and poor technology use can be bridged to the benefit of all.