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Both oxygen vacancies and surface hydroxyls play a crucial role in catalysis. Yet, their relationship is not often explored. Herein, we prepare two series of TiO2 (rutile and P25) with increasing oxygen deficiency and Ti3+ concentration by pulsed laser defect engineering in liquid (PUDEL), and selectively quantify the acidic and basic surface OH by fluoride substitution. As indicated by EPR spectroscopy, the laser‐generated Ti3+ exist near the surface of rutile, but appear to be deeper in the bulk for P25. Fluoride substitution shows that extra acidic bridging OH are selectively created on rutile, while the surface OH density remains constant for P25. These observations suggest near‐surface Ti3+ are highly related to surface bridging OH, presumably the former increasing the electron density of the bridging oxygen to form more of the latter. We anticipate that fluoride substitution will enable better characterization of surface OH and its correlation with defects in metal oxides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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With the vigorous development and in - depth application of civilian and commercial satellites, the space -based remote sensing application demands of different users become increasingly complex. However, the current space - based remote sensing services face problems such as single application mode weak pertinence, and insufficient flexibility. Based on the analysis of the major application demands of various remote sensing users, this study proposed a space - based remote sensing application service mode based on cloud + terminals. This mode covers eight subcategories in three categories, whose characteristics and application process were analyzed and formulated individually. Last, this study presented the potential applications under two typical scenarios, namely single - person independent application and multi - person collaborative application. The results of this study will lay a foundation for the development construction, and optimization of various space - based remote sensing ground systems and further improve the space - based remote sensing service capabilities for different users, different application demands and different application scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the variability of the cation occupancy of octahedral and tetrahedral sites, spinel ferrites and cobaltites are particularly interesting to investigate activity trends in oxidation catalysis. Yet, the preparation of the respective catalyst series remains challenging. We employed pulsed laser defect engineering of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles in water to gradually alter the cation occupancy of octahedral and tetrahedral sites by single laser pulses and study its effect on cinnamyl alcohol oxidation. Three CoFe2O4 catalysts from different synthesis methods resembling different initial site occupancy were chosen as starting materials. The laser‐induced randomization of the cation occupancy was verified by Mössbauer spectroscopy and linearly correlated with the conversion of cinnamyl alcohol while the size and Co : Fe ratio was maintained during laser processing. The study solidifies the importance of octahedral Co3+‐sites and the feasibility of pulsed laser processing for altering the cation occupancy and related crystallographic defect density in oxidation catalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Both oxygen vacancies and surface hydroxyls play a crucial role in catalysis. Yet, their relationship is not often explored. Herein, we prepare two series of TiO 2 (rutile and P25) with increasing oxygen deficiency and Ti 3+ concentration by pulsed laser defect engineering in liquid (PUDEL), and selectively quantify the acidic and basic surface OH by fluoride substitution. As indicated by EPR spectroscopy, the laser-generated Ti 3+ exist near the surface of rutile, but appear to be deeper in the bulk for P25. Fluoride substitution shows that extra acidic bridging OH are selectively created on rutile, while the surface OH density remains constant for P25. These observations suggest near-surface Ti 3+ are highly related to surface bridging OH, presumably the former increasing the electron density of the bridging oxygen to form more of the latter. We anticipate that fluoride substitution will enable better characterization of surface OH and its correlation with defects in metal oxides., (© 2023 The Authors. Angewandte Chemie International Edition published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)