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In order to improve the utilization efficiency of the waste from planting and breeding, through reviewing literature and field survey we knew about the number and present situation of the utilization of the waste in Shanxi Province and assessed the characteristics of quantity and spatial distribution on regional scale. Besides, we used the investigation to analyze the potential on the resource utilization and comprehensive utilization efficient way. Results showed that there were large quantities of straws of wheat in the south of Shanxi Province, and in the other regions corn straws played the most important situation. Livestock poultry dung was mostly from cattle, pigs and sheep, and it distributed as most of sheep in the northwestern, cattle in this north center, and pigs in the southeast. During 2007-2015, the crops straw produced from 1.27×107 t to 1.54×107 t, and the dung output of livestock and poultry came from 1.82×107 t to 2.02×107 t, and it showed a relatively stabilized tendency in recent years. If the waste from planting and breeding was converted into fertilizer we could get organic matter, N, P, K, respectively 1.54×107,1.25×105, 5.28×104, 1.04×105 t, and if energy-oriented we could get 1.05×107 t standard coal, or 4.59×109 m3 biogas. Therefore, the waste was diverse and numerous in Shanxi Province, and it had its own spatial distribution in each area. Besides, it had greater potential of resource. We should try our best to convert waste into fertilizer, energy, feed and other utilization ways in order to achieve a high efficient, comprehensive and integrated utilization. Based on the study, scientific and feasible guidance for Shanxi Province was put forward to realize a more efficient and sustainable utilization of waste from planting and breeding.

The objective of this study was to explore the spatial-temporal variability of soil organic matter(SOM) and its influencing factors. Based on the data of 168 sample points collected in 1982 from the Second Soil Survey and 213 soil sample points collected in 2017 of the Xiaohe River basin in the eastern Loess Plateau, the spatial and temporal variation of soil organic matter in the drainage basin in the last 35 years and the influencing factors were analyzed by statistical and geostatistics methods. The results showed that from 1982 to 2017, the mean value of soil organic matter in cultivated soil increased from 11.06 g·kg-1 to 15.69 g·kg-1, and the amplification reached 41.86%. In the recent 35 years, the organic matter in the farmland of the Xiaohe River basin had an increasing trend, and the spatial distribution increased gradually from the central part to the surrounding area. From the year of the second soil census to 2017, the organic matter content of the soil in the ploughed layer showed the rule of gradually accumulated from lower level to higher level. Among them, the land area of soil organic matter content >20 g·kg-1 and 15~20 g·kg-1 increased from zero to 0.74% and 43.72% of the total area of the river basin respectively, the land area of 10~15 g·kg-1 decreased the most, and it reached 29.93%, 6~10 g·kg-1 decreased from 13.82% to 1.57%, and -1 decreased from something to nothing. Soil parent material, topography change, planting structure and fertilization are the main factors that affect the temporal and spatial differentiation of soil organic matter. Human beings show an increasing trend of soil nutrient intervention, and we should be paid attention to the regional management of soil fertilizer to ensure the sustainable development of the whole agricultural watershed.

Additional file 3: Table S3. qRT-PCR and RPA-LFD methods detection results of blood samples collected from farms.

Additional file 2: Table S2. qRT-PCR and RPA-LFD methods detection results of virus strains and blood samples.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers and probes used for RPA-LFD assay and amplification of DNA molecular standards.

Additional file 2: Table S1. Amino acid sequences of orbiviruses used in phylogenetic analysis.

In order to explore the characteristics of soil enzyme activities under different types of plastic film mulching, we set up four different types of plastic film mulching models at Dongyang experimental base of Agricultural Sciences Academy in Shanxi Province in 2016, including common plastic film mulching(P), water-permeable plastic mulching film(SS), biodegradable plastic film mulching(SW), light degradation mulching(G), uncovered film covering in open field(CK) was used as control. The results showed that alkaline phosphatase and nitrate reductase under four kinds of coating treatments were higher than CK in all growth stages, while urease, catalase, and nitrite reductase under plastic film were lower than CK; Soil urease activity was highest in flare opening stage, with CK > G > SW > SS > P; Alkaline phosphatase activity was highest during harvest, SS, SW, P, and G treatments at 0~20 cm soil were 16.17%, 18.97%, 16.34%, and 14.56% highter than CK. The activity of nitrate reductase at 0~20 cm soil of SS, SW, P, and G treatments were 68.57%, 42.86%, 42.86%, and 25.71% higher than that of CK; Combining other factors such as maize yield, we found that the changes of soil alkaline phosphatase activity and nitrate reductase activity were highly significant positively correlated with soil respiration rate and maize yield(P