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Abstract Background Physio-Cognitive Decline Syndrome (PCDs) is characterized by the coexistence of MIND (mobility impairment, no disability) and CIND (cognitive impairment, no dementia), which predicts dementia risk. Deteriorating oral health can contribute to malnutrition, cognitive decline, and physical frailty, all of which may exacerbate PCDs symptoms. This study investigates the association between oral health and PCDs, exploring sex differences in this relationship. Method A cross-sectional analysis of the baseline data from the Nanjing Brain Health Cohort included 252 participants aged 60 and older, assessing physical mobility (6-meter walk test, grip strength), cognitive function (MoCA), and oral health (natural teeth count, denture use, tongue and lip motor function, masticatory and swallowing ability, Oral Frailty Index). Logistic regression models were used to examine associations between oral health and PCDs. Results Among participants, 15.5% were classified as having PCDs. The odds of having PCDs were lower with a higher number of teeth (OR = 0.939, 95% CI: 0.890–0.991, p = 0.021), while impaired tongue and lip motor function increased the odds of PCDs (OR = 3.811, 95% CI: 1.059–13.717, p = 0.041). In females, the odds of MIND and CIND were lower with a greater number of teeth and denture use. For males, the odds of PCDs were higher with oral frailty (OR = 5.202, 95% CI: 1.429–18.940, p = 0.012). Conclusions Findings underscore the significant association between oral health and the odds of PCDs among older adults, with sex-specific effects. For women, maintaining natural teeth and proper denture use are associated with lower odds of MIND and CIND, while for men, oral frailty is linked to higher odds of PCDs. Healthcare providers should consider oral health and incorporate sex-specific strategies.

Research on the simulation of dissolved oxygen (DO) in urban lakes is of significance in promoting the development of water quality simulation research for urban lakes. A lake, which is near the central area of Yangzhou City was adopted as the study area. Based on the observed data of DO, blue-green algae concentration, water temperature (WT), electric conductivity (EC), and pH in 2020, a multiple linear regression (MLR) model and an autoregressive distribution lag (ARDL) model were developed. Simulations for the observed sequence values of DO in 2020 (from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020) and four quarters of 2020 were carried out. The results indicate that the simulation results of the MLR model exhibit relatively low accuracy, while those of the ARDL model show relatively high accuracy; the coefficient of determination (R2) of the DO simulation results for different periods is 0.75~0.99. Both MLR and ARDL models have applicability for simulating DO in the lake. Specifically, the ARDL model has better applicability for DO sequence simulation with time period changes than MLR.

Abstract Rotator cuff tendinopathy is the most common tendinopathy type with the worst prognosis. Conventional treatments often elicit heterogeneous drug responses due to the diversity of tendinopathy. Hence, this study attempted a classification of 126 diseased tendons into three distinct subtypes with opposite pathogenic mechanisms based on transcriptomic and clinical features. The hypoxic atrophic subtype with white appearance (Hw) exhibits downregulated neovascularization pathways. The inflammatory proliferative subtype with white appearance (Iw) shows a moderate upregulation of inflammatory characteristics. The inflammatory proliferative subtype with red appearance (Ir) exhibits the highest levels of upregulated neovascularization and inflammatory pathways, along with severe joint dysfunction. We then established research models, including subtype-specific simulations in animal models and clinical data analysis. These revealed that glucocorticoid, a controversial commonly used drug, was only effective in treating the Ir subtype. Hence, the tendinopathy subtypes elucidated in this study have significant implications for developing precision treatment of tendinopathy.

Abstract Background Previous studies have established a positive link between nurse managers’ caring leadership and nurses’ work engagement, but the processes and conditions through which this leadership style influences positive work behaviors remain largely unexplored. To address this gap and contribute to the existing body of knowledge, we developed a chain-mediated effects model to elucidate the impact of caring leadership on nurses’ work engagement and the underlying mechanisms. In this model, we identified professional mission and affective organizational commitment as the mediating variables, offering a novel perspective on the relationship between caring leadership and work engagement. Methods A robust multi-center and large-sample cross-sectional survey was conducted, involving 2502 first-line nurses from six general tertiary hospitals across the eastern, central, and western regions of China. The data collection instruments included a comprehensive questionnaire covering demographic information, the caring leadership scale, the Chinese calling scale, the affective organizational commitment scale, and the Utrecht work engagement scale. Data were meticulously screened and analyzed, employing descriptive analysis to summarize the demographic information, correlation analysis to test the relationship among the variables, stepwise regression analysis to explore the mediating role of calling and affective organization commitment, and the bootstrap method to test the chain mediating effect. This rigorous methodology not only ensures the reliability and validity of research findings but also instills confidence in the robustness of this research. Results The results indicated a positive relationship among caring leadership, calling, affective organizational commitment, and nurses’ work engagement (p

C16H17N, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 10.3706(10) Å, b = 8.3879(7) Å, c = 29.555(3) Å, V = 2,570.9(4) Å3, Z = 8, R gt(F) = 0.0579, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1327, T = 293(2) K.

Objective: To validated a classifier to distinguish the status of rotator cuff tear and predict post-operative re-tear by utilizing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers. Methods: This retrospective study included patients with healthy rotator cuff and patients diagnosed as rotator cuff tear (RCT) by MRI. Radiomics features were identified from the pre-operative shoulder MRI and selected by using maximum relevance minimum redundancy (MRMR) methods. A radiomics model for diagnosis of RCT was constructed, based on the 3D volume of interest (VOI) of supraspinatus. Another model for the prediction of rotator re-tear after rotator cuff repair (Re-RCT) was constructed based on VOI of humerus, supraspinatus, infraspinatus and other clinical parameters. Results: The model for diagnosing the status of RCT produced an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.989 in the training cohort and 0.979 for the validation cohort. The radiomics model for predicting Re-RCT produced an AUC of 0.923 ± 0.017 for the training dataset and 0.790 ± 0.082 for the validation dataset. The nomogram combining radiomics features and clinical factors yielded an AUC of 0.961 ± 0.020 for the training dataset and 0.808 ± 0.081 for the validation dataset, which displayed the best performance among all models. Conclusion: Radiomics models for the diagnosis of rotator cuff tear and prediction of post-operative Re-RCT yielded a decent prediction accuracy.

Based on the aging problem in China, with a series of problems of the elderly, disability, empty nest problem, which brings a rapid growth of pension service demand to the society. This paper takes the different needs of the elderly and nursing talents as the entry point, and provides reference for strengthening nursing talent training and promoting perfect pension service supply, service assessment, policy support, industry regulation "Five-sphere Integration" social endowment service system. (随着老龄化趋势加重, 老年人的高龄、失能、空巢问题的日益严重, 养老服务面临严峻挑战。本研究以老年群体以及护理人才的不同需求作为切入点, 对现有的民营养老机构的护理人才培养情况进行综述并提出相关对策, 旨在为推进和完善养老服务供给、服务保估、政策支撑、行业监管“五位一体”的社会养老服务体系提供参考。)

Objective To investigate the effects of evidence-based nursing interventions in the prevention and management of post-stroke depression. Methods The evidence-based nursing practice had been carried in three phases: current conditions investigation, evidence introduction and effectiveness evaluation. Stroke patients with hospital administration between January and February 2022 and between May and June 2022 were recruited as the research objects. The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) was used to evaluate the depression state of patients, and incidence of post-stroke depression before and after implementation of evidence-based nursing practice was compared. Nurses’ knowledge level and practice skills of evidence-based nursing were evaluated before and after evidence-based nursing practice. Results Nurses has achieved a higher score of knowledge level assessment after implementation of evidence-based nursing practice (86. 07±5. 26 vs. 62. 50±7. 53, t=-13. 926, P＜0. 01). The practice skills of nurse in generating evidence, evidence aggregation, evidence dissemination and evidence evaluation and application had been improved after implementation of evidence-based nursing practice (P＜0. 05). The incidence of PSD was 36. 78%(32/87) before implementation of evidence-based nursing practice, and it dropped to 22. 67%(17/75) after implementation of evidence-based nursing practice, with a statistically significant difference(P＜0. 05). Conclusion The evidence-based practice of PSD prevention and management could effectively reduce the incidence of PSD, standardized the PSD prevention and management behavior and nursing process of clinical nurses, improved the knowledge level of PSD of nurses, enriched the relevant knowledge materials of the department, and effectively improved the quality of clinical nursing. (目的 探讨循证护理干预在预防和管理脑卒中后抑郁(PSD)中的应用效果。方法 于2022年1月1日—6月30日在临床试点病房开展循证护理实践, 共分为现状审查、证据引入和证据应用后的效果评价3个阶段。分别选取2022年1月1日—2月28日和2022年5月1日—6月30日住院的脑卒中患者为研究对象。采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评估患者抑郁状态, 对比证据应用前和应用后PSD发生率。评估循证护理实践前后护士PSD知识得分和循证能力。结果 培训前14名护士PSD知识得分(62. 50±7. 53)分, 培训后提高到 (86. 07±5. 26)分, 差异有统计学意义(t=-13. 926, P＜0. 01)。培训后, 护士证据生成、证据汇总、证据传播与评估和证据应用等循证能力得分均得到提升, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。循证证据应用前87例脑卒中患者中共有32例(36. 78%)发生PSD; 循证证据应用后75例脑卒中患者中共有17(22. 67%)例发生PSD, 证据应用后PSD发生率较应用前降低, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。结论 PSD预防及管理的循证护理实践应用于临床试点病房后, 有效降低了患者PSD的发生率, 规范了临床护士PSD预防及管理行为和护理流程, 提升护士PSD相关知识水平, 提高临床护理质量。)

The hot compression behavior of 316LN stainless steel for the supporting system in a magnet confinement fusion reactor was isothermally compressed at 1,050℃ and 0.1 s−1. Electron backscatter diffraction was used to study the microstructure and texture evolution during the deformation process. The results showed that the necklace structure is eventually formed by increasing compression strain due to dynamic recrystallization (DRX). The proportion of low-angle grain boundaries first increases and then decreases. The dominant DRX mechanism of 316LN is discontinuous DRX, which is characterized by the grain boundary bulging. Besides, twinning is found to be induced to accommodate the plastic strain, helping the development of DRX.

Abstract Background Non-pharmacological interventions have a myriad of available intervention options and contain multiple components. Whether specific components of non-pharmacological interventions or combinations are superior to others remains unclear. The main aim of this study is to compare the effects of different combinations of non-pharmacological interventions and their specific components on health-related outcomes in adults with subjective cognitive decline. Methods PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, PsycINFO, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and China’s two largest databases, CNKI and Wanfang, were searched from inception to 22nd, January 2023. Randomized controlled trials using non-pharmacological interventions and reporting health outcomes in adults with subjective cognitive decline were included. Two independent reviewers screened studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. Component network meta-analysis was conducted employing an additive component model for network meta-analysis. This study followed the PRISMA reporting guideline and the PRISMA checklist is presented in Additional file 2. Results A total of 39 trials with 2959 patients were included (range of mean ages, 58.79–77.41 years). Resistance exercise might be the optimal intervention for reducing memory complaints in adults with subjective cognitive decline; the surface under the cumulative ranking p score was 0.888, followed by balance exercise (p = 0.859), aerobic exercise (p = 0.832), and cognitive interventions (p = 0.618). Music therapy, cognitive training, transcranial direct current stimulation, mindfulness therapy, and balance exercises might be the most effective intervention components for improving global cognitive function (iSMD, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.36 to 1.29), language (iSMD, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.38), ability to perform activities of daily living (iSMD, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.21 to 0.89), physical health (iSMD, 3.29; 95% CI, 2.57 to 4.00), and anxiety relief (iSMD, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.26 to 1.16), respectively. Conclusions The form of physical activity performed appears to be more beneficial than cognitive interventions in reducing subjective memory complaints for adults with subjective cognitive decline, and this difference was reflected in resistance, aerobic, and balance exercises. Randomized clinical trials with high-quality and large-scale are warranted to validate the findings. Trial registration PROSPERO registry number. CRD42022355363.

Abstract Background Oral frailty is reported to increase the risk of new onset of mild cognitive impairment. Whereas, the association of oral frailty with cognition among older adults in both physical frail and non-physical frail status has not been sufficiently explored, and whether there are sex differences in the association is unclear. This study investigated the association of oral frailty and physical frailty with global cognitive function and executive function among older adults, as well as the sex differences in such association. Methods This cross-sectional study included 307 participants aged ≥ 60 years old from communities between June 2023 and August 2023, in Nanjing, China. Global cognitive function and executive function were assessed by using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Trail Making Tests A (TMT-A), respectively. Oral frailty was identified by the combination of natural tooth, Oral Frailty Index-8 (OFI-8), and oral diadochokinesis. Physical frailty was measured by using Fried phenotype model which contained 5 criteria: unintentional weight loss, weakness, exhaustion, slowness, and low physical activity. Multiple linear regression analyses for overall participants and stratified by sex and presence or absence of physical frailty were performed, respectively, to examine the association between oral frailty and cognitive functions. Results The median age of participants was 70 years old. The study included 158 (51.5%) females, 53 (17.3%) individuals with physical frailty, and 65 (21.2%) participants with oral frailty. After adjustment, the association between oral frailty and global cognitive function was observed in the physical frailty group (B = -2.67, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: -5.27 to -0.07, p = 0.045) and the females with physical frailty (B = -4, 95% CI: -7.41 to -0.58, p = 0.024). Oral frailty was associated with executive function in overall participants (B = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.22, p = 0.037), physical frailty group (B = 23.68, 95% CI: 1.37 to 45.99, p = 0.038). In the adjusted models, oral frailty was significantly associated with executive function in all females (B = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.05 to 0.36, p = 0.009), in females without physical frailty (B = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.36, p = 0.027), and in females with physical frailty (B = 48.69, 95% CI: 7.17 to 90.21, p = 0.024). Conclusions Physical frailty intensifies the positive association of oral frailty with poor global cognitive function and executive function among older adults, particularly among females. It is ponderable to consider sex differences and facilitate the management of physical frailty when it comes to promoting cognitive health based on the perspective of oral health among older adults.

Purpose Subretinal drusenoid deposits (SDDs) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are associated with systemic vascular diseases that compromise ocular perfusion. We demonstrate that SDDs are associated with decreased ellipsoid zone (EZ) thickness, further evidence of hypoxic damage.Methods Post hoc analysis of a cross-sectional study. 165 AMD subjects (aged 51–100; 61% women). Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography was obtained in both eyes. Masked readers assigned subjects to three groups: drusen only, SDD+drusen (SDD+D) and SDD only. EZ thickness was measured subfoveally and 2000 µm nasally, temporally, superiorly and inferiorly from the fovea. Univariate testing was performed using two-tailed t-tests with Bonferroni correction.Results The mean EZ thickness differences between the SDD+D and drusen-only groups were (in μm) 1.10, 0.67, 1.21, 1.10 and 0.50 at the foveal, nasal, temporal, superior and inferior locations, respectively (p=0.08 inferiorly, otherwise p≤0.01); between the SDD-only and drusen-only groups, the differences were 3.48, 2.48, 2.42, 2.08 and 1.42 (p≤0.0002). Differences in EZ thicknesses across all subjects and between groups were not significantly different based on gender, race or age.Conclusion Subjects with SDDs (±drusen) had thinner EZs than those with drusen only, and the inferior EZ was least affected. EZs were thinnest in SDD-only subjects. This thinning gradation is consistent with progressive destruction of highly oxygen-sensitive mitochondria in the EZ from hypoxia. These findings support the reduced ophthalmic perfusion hypothesis for the formation of SDDs secondary to high-risk systemic vasculopathy.

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to compare the prevalence of oral frailty among community-dwelling older people in Nanjing, China with the usage of different measurements, and to investigate the potential risk factors of oral frailty. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting and participants A total of 338 community-dwelling older people in Nanjing, China were recruited. Methods Oral frailty was measured based on the Oral Frailty Index-8 (OFI-8) scale and other measurement methods including the number of natural teeth (TN), repetitive saliva-swallowing test (RSST), and oral diadochokinesis (ODK). The chi-square test and the binary logistic regression analysis were performed to identify potential risk factors for oral frailty. Results There were 310 participants included in the analysis. Prevalence of oral frailty by using the OFI-8, OFI-8 + TN, OFI-8 + ODK, OFI-8 + TN + ODK and RSST measurement methods were 69.0%, 27.4%, 51.9%, 21.0% and 2.9%, respectively. Passive smoking (OR = 2.04; 95%CI 1.03–4.03), being widowed/unmarried (OR1 = 2.53; 95%CI 1.25–5.10; OR2 = 2.94; 95%CI 1.12–7.77), pre-frailty (OR = 1.76; 95%CI 1.03–3.01), frailty (OR = 3.01; 95%CI 1.39–6.54), and aged 80 years and above (OR = 3.99; 95%CI 1.35–11.81) were found to be risk factors of oral frailty by the usage of the four kinds of measurement methods. Conclusions and implications The definition and diagnostic criteria of oral frailty are strongly needed to be unified in future research. Only subjective assessment is not enough for assessing oral frailty. Among objective indicators, RSST is not suitable as a screening method for oral frailty. In addition, objective indicators including TN and ODK should be valued for early screening and preventive interventions. The risk factors of oral frailty include physical frailty, passive smoking, and being widowed.

Research on the simulation of dissolved oxygen (DO) in urban lakes is of significance in promoting the development of water quality simulation research for urban lakes. A lake, which is near the central area of Yangzhou City was adopted as the study area. Based on the observed data of DO, blue-green algae concentration, water temperature (WT), electric conductivity (EC), and pH in 2020, a multiple linear regression (MLR) model and an autoregressive distribution lag (ARDL) model were developed. Simulations for the observed sequence values of DO in 2020 (from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020) and four quarters of 2020 were carried out. The results indicate that the simulation results of the MLR model exhibit relatively low accuracy, while those of the ARDL model show relatively high accuracy; the coefficient of determination (R2) of the DO simulation results for different periods is 0.75–0.99. Both MLR and ARDL models have applicability for simulating DO in the lake. Specifically, the ARDL model has better applicability for DO sequence simulation with time period changes than MLR.

Abstract The fast-growing terahertz technologies require high-performance terahertz absorber for suppressing electromagnetic interference. Since the dissipation mechanism in terahertz band usually focuses on electronic conduction loss, almost all terahertz absorbers are constructed with electronically conducting materials being opaque, which limits their applications in scenarios requiring high visible transmittance. Here, we demonstrate a transparent terahertz absorber based on permittivity-gradient elastomer-encapsulated-organohydrogel. Our organohydrogel-based terahertz absorber exhibits a high absorbing property (average reflection loss of 49.03 dB) in 0.5–4.5 THz band with a thin thickness of 700 μm and a high average visible transmittance of 85.51%. The terahertz absorbing mechanism mainly derives from the ionic conduction loss of the polar liquid in organohydrogel. Besides, the hydrophobic and adhesive elastomer coating endows this terahertz absorber high absorbing stability and interfacial adhesivity. This work paves a viable way to designing transparent terahertz absorbers.

Cow dung liquid mulch (CDLM), which uses cow dung as a raw material, has a good degradability and is a potential alternative to traditional plastic agricultural mulch, but there is a lack of research on the effects of CDLM on rhizosphere soil physicochemical properties, rhizosphere soil microbial functions, and crop yields. In this study, the link between maize yield, environmental factors, and functional genes as well as the responses of microbial community functions to CDLM and polyethylene mulch (PE) were studied using metagenomic sequencing. Functional annotation was also performed on clusters of orthologous groups of proteins, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and carbohydrate-active enzyme sequencing data. The results showed that CDLM significantly increased maize yield by 30.9% compared to CK while maintaining lower soil microplastic levels. CDLM promotes the enrichment of beneficial microorganisms such as Mycolicibacterium and Pseudomonas. The relative abundance of functional genes related to microbial metabolism, soil element cycling pathways, and organic matter degradation was significantly higher in CDLM than in CK. Microbial functional genes were positively correlated with maize yield and environmental factors such as soil nutrients. These results suggested that CDLM can improve maize yield by enriching beneficial microorganisms, reducing rhizosphere soil environmental risks, and enhancing rhizosphere soil microbial function. Rhizosphere soil nutrients and microbial functional genes together mediated the positive response of maize yield to CDLM. This study can provide a scientific basis and data support for the safe use of mulch in the future.

Abstract Background The increasing prevalence of multimorbidity has created a serious global public health problem in aging populations. Certain multimorbidity patterns across different age ranges and their association with health status remain unclear. The main aim of this study is to identify multimorbidity patterns discrepancies and associated health status between younger-old and oldest-old. Methods The Ethics Committee of Nanjing Medical University approved the study protocol (No.2019–473). Convenience sampling method was used to recruit older adults aged ≥ 60 years with multimorbidity from July to December 2021 from 38 Landsea long-term care facilities in China. The multimorbidity patterns were analyzed using network analysis and two-step cluster analysis. One-Way ANOVA was utilized to explore their association with health status including body function, activity of daily living, and social participation. A Sankey diagram visualized the flow of health status within different multimorbidity patterns. This study is reported following the STROBE guidelines. Results A total of 214 younger-old (60–84 years) and 173 oldest-old (≥ 85 years) were included. Leading coexisting diseases were cardiovascular disease (CD), metabolic and endocrine disease (MED), neurological disease (ND), and orthopedic disease (OD). Cluster 1 (53, 24.8%) of CD-ND (50, 94.3%; 31, 58.8%), cluster 2 (39, 18.2%) of MED-ND-CD (39, 100%; 39, 100%; 37, 94.9%), cluster 3 (37, 17.3%) of OD-CD-MED-ND (37, 100%; 33, 89.2%; 27, 73.0%; 16, 43.2%), and cluster 4 (34, 15.9%) of CD-MED (34, 100%; 34, 100%) were identified in the younger-old. In the oldest-old, the primary multimorbidity patterns were: cluster 1 (33, 19.1%) of CD-respiratory disease-digestive disease-urogenital disease (CD-RD-DSD-UD) (32, 97.0%; 9, 27.3%; 8, 24.2%; 7, 21.2%), cluster 2 (42, 24.3%) of ND-CD-MED (42, 100%; 35, 83.3%; 14, 33.3%), cluster 3 (28, 16.2%) of OD-CD-MED (28, 100%; 25, 89.3%; 18, 64.3%), and cluster 4 (35, 20.2%) of CD-MED (35, 100%; 35, 100%). Younger-old with CD-ND or MED-ND-CD, and oldest-old with ND-CD-MED have worse health status compared with other multimorbidity patterns (e.g., CD-MED and OD-CD-MED). Conclusion Discrepancies in common patterns of multimorbidity across age groups suggest that caregivers in long-term care facilities should consider changes in multimorbidity patterns with ageing when developing prevention plans for individualized management. Neurological disease concurrent with other diseases was the major determinant of health status, especially for the oldest-old. Interventions targeting multimorbidity need to be focused, yet generic. It is essential to assess complex needs and health outcomes that arise from different multimorbidity patterns and manage them through an interdisciplinary approach and consider their priorities to gain high-quality primary care for older adults living in long-term care facilities.

Objective To investigate the association between retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and cognitive dysfunction in patients with mild ischemic stroke. Methods Total 146 patients with mild ischemic stroke that diagnosed and treated in Chengde Central Hospital in Hebei from January 2020 to December 2021 were included. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to measure the RNFL thickness in each quadrant of both eyes, and Mini⁃Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were used to evaluate cognitive function. Results In patients with mild ischemic stroke, the RNFL thickness at the superior side of left eye was greater than right eye (t = ⁃ 4.589, P = 0.000), and the RNFL thickness at the temporal side of right eye was greater than left eye (t = 3.639, P = 0.000). Correlation analysis showed that the correlation between the RNFL thickness at the superior side of the left eye and the MMSE score (r = 0.385, P = 0.000), the RNFL thickness at the temporal side of the left eye and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at admission (r = 0.170, P = 0.020) were positively correlated. The correlation between the RNFL thickness at the inferior side of the left eye and the history of drinking (r = ⁃ 0.216, P = 0.011), the RNFL thickness at the temporal side of the right eye and the history of hypertension (r = ⁃ 0.194, P = 0.023) were negativley correlated. Conclusions The thinning of RNFL in patients with mild ischemic stroke may have a certain degree of association with cognitive dysfunction.

[Objective] Climate change directly affects global wind speed changes and the efficiency of wind energy resource utilization. Analyzing wind speed historical changes is one of the important topics for climate change response, efficient resource utilization, ecological security management, and sustainable social development. [Methods] Using the ERA5-Land grid reanalysis wind speed dataset at the 0.1° resolution from the European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and methods such as least squares, Theil-Sen slope estimation, and MK trend test to study the annual, seasonal, and monthly average wind speed trends and the evolution of suitable wind power areas over the past 72 years from 1950 to 2021 worldwide. [Results] (1) The global mean land surface wind speed increases slightly at an overall rate of 0.020 m/(s·10a) from 1950 to 2021. (2) The surface wind speed changes on a global scale exhibit significant spatial differences, especially remarkable in Africa and Antarctica in comparison with other continents. (3) As the seasonal changes, the land surface wind speed in winter season shows the significant changes, with a changing rate of 0.033 m/(s·10a). As the months changes, December, January and June exhibit particularly noticeable variations of surface wind speed. The global mean land surface wind speed has a mean rate of change of 0.073 m/(s·10a) and -0.066 m/(s·10a) for significant increases and decreases, respectively, in the regions passing the 95% significance test; and it has the mean rate of change of 0.080 m/(s·10a) and -0.071 m/(s·10a) for extremely significant increases and decreases, respectively, for the region passing the 99% highly significant test. The monthly average wind speed change rate and range in Antarctica are relatively large, affecting significantly the global average wind speed change rate and area assessment. (4) The global wind power energy density has slightly increased, with an average growth rate of 3.017 W/(m2·10a). The increase was most significant in January and December of the year, reaching 7.086 W/(m2·10a) and 6.660 W/(m2·10a), respectively. Antarctica and Africa lead in increasing wind power density for electricity generation, at 14.107 W/(m2·10a) and 4.652 W/(m2·10a) respectively. Asia stands out as the only continent with an overall decrease, while the remaining four continents show minor changes. [Conclusion] There were significant regional, seasonal, and monthly differences in global land surface wind speed changes. In order to accurately support climate change response, resources and ecological protection, and efficient development, dynamic monitoring and detailed analysis of changes in land surface wind speed and wind energy density in each region is still needed.

Different combinations of normalizing and tempering were carried out to optimize the microstructure and enhance the high-temperature mechanical properties of HRB400FR fire-resistant steel bars. The results showed that with the increasing of the tempering temperature from 400 to 600°C, the steel bar’s hardness decreases linearly, mainly due to the formation of quasi-polygon ferrite and granular bainite. Besides, the reduced width and the dissolution of the lath bainite also undermine the performance of the tempered steel bars. The highest Vickers hardness of 380 HV is achieved when the steel is normalized at 950°C and then tempered at 400°C, mainly due to precipitation strengthening and bainite strengthening. The hardness of the test steel tempered at 600°C gives the lowest value, only 230 HV since the least amount of bainite is obtained. When the tempering temperature reaches 650°C, the hardness rises to 260 HV due to the formation of the lath bainite. The emergence of needle bainite generally reduces the matrix grain size, and the appearance of lath martensite refines the precipitated carbides.

Background: Tendinopathy is a common motor system disease that leads to pain and reduced function. Despite its prevalence, our mechanistic understanding is incomplete, leading to limited efficacy of treatment options. Animal models contribute significantly to our understanding of tendinopathy and some therapeutic options. However, the inadequacies of animal models are also evident, largely due to differences in anatomical structure and the complexity of human tendinopathy. Different animal models reproduce different aspects of human tendinopathy and are therefore suitable for different scenarios. This review aims to summarize the existing animal models of tendinopathy and to determine the situations in which each model is appropriate for use, including exploring disease mechanisms and evaluating therapeutic effects. Methods: We reviewed relevant literature in the PubMed database from January 2000 to December 2022 using the specific terms ((tendinopathy) OR (tendinitis)) AND (model) AND ((mice) OR (rat) OR (rabbit) OR (lapin) OR (dog) OR (canine) OR (sheep) OR (goat) OR (horse) OR (equine) OR (pig) OR (swine) OR (primate)). This review summarized different methods for establishing animal models of tendinopathy and classified them according to the pathogenesis they simulate. We then discussed the advantages and disadvantages of each model, and based on this, identified the situations in which each model was suitable for application. Results: For studies that aim to study the pathophysiology of tendinopathy, naturally occurring models, treadmill models, subacromial impingement models and metabolic models are ideal. They are closest to the natural process of tendinopathy in humans. For studies that aim to evaluate the efficacy of possible treatments, the selection should be made according to the pathogenesis simulated by the modeling method. Existing tendinopathy models can be classified into six types according to the pathogenesis they simulate: extracellular matrix synthesis-decomposition imbalance, inflammation, oxidative stress, metabolic disorder, traumatism and mechanical load. Conclusions: The critical factor affecting the translational value of research results is whether the selected model is matched with the research purpose. There is no single optimal model for inducing tendinopathy, and researchers must select the model that is most appropriate for the study they are conducting. The translational potential of this article: The critical factor affecting the translational value of research results is whether the animal model used is compatible with the research purpose. This paper provides a rationale and practical guide for the establishment and selection of animal models of tendinopathy, which is helpful to improve the clinical transformation ability of existing models and develop new models.

Abstract Background With the development of the social economy, the effective coordination of the conflict between work and family has become an urgent problem for most parents. Such conflicts are especially acute in the families of nurses with children. Therefore, a timely understanding of the status quo of the parent-child relationship and associated risk factors among nurses will assist in improving their family harmony and the healthy growth of their children. Methods A total of 350 nurses with children at a general tertiary hospital in Sichuan Province, China, were interviewed using a structured questionnaire between June 23 and July 9, 2022. The results were analyzed by multiple linear regression using the stepwise method. Results The results showed that the parent-child relationship received a middle-level mean score of 77.74 (SD = 10.77). The factors that influenced the parent-child relationship among nurses included the parents’ character type (β = 0.143, P = 0.002), feeling tired due to dealing with patients (β=-0.150, P = 0.002), the nurse-patient relationship (β = 0.137, P = 0.004), the age of older children (β=-0.153, P = 0.001), number of children (β=-0.093, P = 0.041), sleep quality (β = 0.116, P = 0.014), and family adaptability (β = 0.308, P = 0.000); these factors accounted for 31.3% of the variance in parent-child relationships among nurses. Conclusion The findings of this study will help policy makers and nursing managers to better understand parent-child relationships in Chinese nurses. The results highlighted the importance of the creation of a family-oriented work environment while paying more attention to the parent-child relationships of nurses who are introverted and have more or older children. After busy workdays, nurses should also be encouraged to participate more in family decision-making and strategic parent-child interactions to avoid negative effects on children caused by work-related emotional exhaustion, physical and mental fatigue, and other reasons. The development of good parent-child relationships may help maintain both their and their children’s mental health while enhancing their enthusiasm for work and their professional identity.

This study examines the wettability behaviour of 304 stainless steel (304SS) and Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) surfaces after sequential nanosecond (ns) and picosecond (ps) laser texturing; in particular, how the multi-scale surface structures created influence the lifecycle of surface hydrophobicity. The effect of different post-process treatments is also examined. Surfaces were analysed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), a white light interferometer optical profiler, and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. Wettability was assessed through sessile drop contact angle (CA) measurements, conducted at regular intervals over periods of up to 12 months, while EDX scans monitored elemental chemical changes. The results show that sequential (ns + ps) laser processing produced multi-scale surface texture with laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS). Compared to the ns laser case, the (ns + ps) laser processed surfaces transitioned more rapidly to a hydrophobic state and maintained this property for much longer, especially when the single post-process treatment was ultrasonic cleaning. Some interesting features in CA development over these extended timescales are revealed. For 304SS, hydrophobicity was reached in 1–2 days, with the CA then remaining in the range of 120 to 140° for up to 180 days; whereas the ns laser-processed surfaces took longer to reach hydrophobicity and only maintained the condition for up to 30 days. Similar results were found for the case of Ti64. The findings show that such multi-scale structured metal surfaces can offer relatively stable hydrophobic properties, the lifetime of which can be extended significantly through the appropriate selection of laser process parameters and post-process treatment. The addition of LIPSS appears to help extend the longevity of the hydrophobic property. In seeking to identify other factors influencing wettability, from our EDX results, we observed a significant and steady rate of increase in the carbon content at the surface over the study period.

Composting emerges as an effective strategy to eliminate antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in animal manure. In this study, chicken manure with the addition of wheat straw and sawdust was used as composting raw materials, and different concentrations of norfloxacin were added to investigate its effects on physicochemical properties, bacterial community, and ARGs during the composting process. Results show that the presence of norfloxacin has obvious effects on the composting physicochemical properties and germination index (GI). A high concentration of norfloxacin influences the succession direction of the bacterial community and promotes the transfers of gyrA, gyrB, parC, qepA, and qnrB. The composting physicochemical properties alter bacterial communities and further influence the fate of ARGs. These results suggest that meticulous management of antibiotic usage and compost conditions are vital strategies for mitigating the influx of antibiotics and ARGs into the environment, both at the source and on the path.

BACKGROUND Improving the prediction ability of relatively high-quality reservoirs under tight backgrounds is a bottleneck and a challenge in current oil and gas exploration and development theories. For tight reservoirs, exploring the dissolution mechanism of organic acid fluids on the reservoir is particularly important. Previous researchers have conducted a large number of water rock reaction simulation experiments on the dissolution of organic acids leading to the formation of secondary pores. It is proposed that the dissolution effect of acidic fluids is the main factor for increasing porosity in tight reservoirs, and it is also a key way to find “sweet spots” in tight reservoirs[3]. Based on previous research on dissolution pores in sandstone, scholars have focused on studying the chemical mechanism of organic acids in the dissolution of carbonate and feldspar minerals. Some studies have shown that the dissolution of calcite requires a lower pH[19] and the acidity of binary acid is very strong, which can greatly improve the solubility of aluminosilicate minerals[20-22]. However, the heterogeneity of tight sandstone reservoirs is strong, and its complex mineral components and pore structure characteristics differ greatly; it has a higher content of clay minerals, and during the diagenesis process, clay minerals often precipitate on the rigid particle surface of the pore inner wall as authigenic minerals. The main mineral in contact with crude oil is of clay composition in dense sandstone reservoirs[23-25]. Chlorite, kaolinite, illite and other minerals are common and important clay mineral types. As important factors affecting reservoir exploration and development, their organic acid dissolution effects on clay minerals need to be further studied. OBJECTIVES (1) In order to explore the main influencing factors of organic acids on the dissolution of clay minerals in tight sandstone, by analyzing the influence of time, temperature and different types of organic acids on the dissolution of clay minerals. (2) To reveal the dissolution reaction mechanism between organic acid fluids and tight sandstone, providing a theoretical basis for improving the prediction ability of relatively high-quality reservoirs under tight backgrounds. METHODS (1) The Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin was selected as the research object, and the ratio of reaction fluid to sandstone dissolution simulation experiment was conducted according to the type and content of organic acid in the thermal evolution fluid of Source rock. (2) After the reaction, the column rock sample was rinsed multiple times with distilled water, placed in a drying oven, dried for 24h, and then taken out for testing. The porosity and permeability of the column rock sample after the reaction were tested on the PoroPDP-200 overlying pressure pore permeability meter before and after the experiment, and the intensity of dissolution was quantitatively calibrated. (3) Small samples of 5-8cm for argon ion polishing were selected, and observed under the Quanta450FEG field emission environment scanning electron microscope (Lanzhou Oil and Gas Resources Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences). Then, through thin section identification and scanning electron microscope observation of the petrology characteristics of the samples, the cement and pore characteristics of the samples before and after the experiment were compared. (4) Using Optima 8000 inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer (PerkinElmer Company, USA) to detect cations, the practical range of the measured standard curve was 0.1-20mg/L, and samples that were not within the test range were diluted. The standard curve solution contains a total of 8 ions: K, Ca, Na, Mg, Al, Si, P and Mn. RESULTS (1) With the increase of time (1-9 days), the increase of porosity dissolution increases first and then decreases, reaching its peak at 6 days; the increase of penetration rate shows a continuous growth trend. The increase in temperature can also promote the dissolution of sandstone by organic acids (Fig.3, Fig.4). (2) Different types of organic acids have selective dissolution of clay minerals. Tartaric acid mainly dissolves clay minerals, detrital feldspar and a small amount of calcite cement; on the contrary, acetic acid mainly dissolves calcite. The sequence of propionic acid dissolution is from calcite to feldspar detrital particles, from dissolution cement matrix to argillized feldspar; the mixed acid solution of formic acid, acetic acid and propionic acid and mixed acid solution of formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and tartaric acid preferentially dissolve chlorinated and argillized feldspar and calcite until calcite is completely dissolved (Fig.4, Fig.5). (3) The improvement of pores by formic acid is not significant among different types of organic acids. Propionic acid greatly improves porosity. The influence of combined acids on porosity is a comprehensive reflection of the influence of single acids (Fig.6). CONCLUSIONS Formic acid has little effect on porosity, whereas acetic acid and propionic acid have obvious effect on porosity. The combined effects of formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, and tartaric acid on porosity and permeability are a comprehensive reflection of the improvement of a single acid. The selective dissolution of clay minerals in tight sandstone by different types of organic acids has different effects on the physical properties of the reservoir, providing a scientific basis for improving the prediction ability of relatively high-quality reservoirs under tight background.

Objective To investigate the role of tumor draining lymph nodes (TDLN) in the generation of memory CD8+ T cells under the context of neoadjuvant anti-PD-L1 therapy. Methods A mouse transplanted model of CT26/MC38-OVA colon cancer was established to recapitulate clinic neoadjuvant anti-PD-L1 therapy, and then the tumor masses and TDLN were removed in 15 d after transplantation. On day 30 after surgery, the effect of TDLN on the formation of immune memory was assessed under the condition of neoadjuvant PD-L1 antibody therapy by tumor re-challenge. The effect of neoadjuvant PD-L1 on tumor-specific CD8+ T cells was investigated by adoptive transfer CD45.1+ OT-Ⅰ cells. The distribution and phenotype of CD45+ CD8+T cells in various tissues were determined by flow cytometry at the time of surgery (effector phase) and 30 d after surgery (memory phase). Results The tumor mass was reduced significantly after receiving neoadjuvant anti-PD-L1 therapy (P < 0.05). After tumor re-challenge, tumor growth was significantly slowed in the mice treated with neoadjuvant PD-L antibody, whereas TDLN resection accelerated the tumor growth (P < 0.05). However, long-term survival of tumor re-challenge showed that all tumors were eventually subsided, whether or not the mice treated with neoadjuvant PD-L antibody. The results of adoptive reinjection indicated that the number of CD45.1+ CD8+ T cells being stored in TDLN and no-draining lymph nodes (NLN) was the highest (P < 0.05). Tcm (T central memory) cells and Trm (tissue-resident memory) cells were mainly distributed in TDLN and NLN in memory phase (P < 0.05). The distribution and memory phenotype of CD45.1+ CD8+ T cells in TDLN and NLN had no obvous changes after neoadjuvant anti-PD-L1 therapy. Conclusion TDLN is the primary site for the storage of memory CD8+ T cells, but under the condition of neoadjuvant PD-L1 antibody treatment, TDLN resection does not affect their long-term anti-tumor immunity.

At present, the track type robot is widely used in the inspection robot of the fully mechanized working face. When the robot passes through the track connection, it will produce jitter. It causes an increase in the positioning error of the inertial navigation/odometer combination. In order to solve this problem, based on the integrated navigation algorithm of inertial navigation/odometer, a piecewise filtering method based on jitter detection is adopted to achieve autonomous positioning of the inspection robot. Based on the gyroscope data of the inspection robot passing through the track connector, a sliding window method is used to dynamically analyze the pitch angular velocity of the robot. The local maximum rising edge and local maximum falling edge are determined by calculating the derivative sum. When the maximum rising edge and maximum falling edge alternately appear, it is considered that the track connector has been recognized. The jitter detection is achieved, thus dividing the robot's motion state into stable operation state and jitter state. When the robot is in a stable operation state, both the gyroscope and odometer data are relatively stable. At this time, the inertial navigation/odometer combination navigation method is used for filtering and solving. The gyroscope error is corrected based on the characteristic that the gyroscope data should be stable near zero. When the robot is in a jitter state, the odometer may generate errors due to wheel slip and bouncing in the air. At this time, a pure inertial navigation algorithm is used to eliminate the impact of odometer errors on the integrated navigation positioning. The experimental results show that the jitter detection algorithm can accurately determine the track connections. The segmented filtering method based on jitter detection can effectively improve the positioning precision of the inspection robot. The average positioning error is less than 5 mm, meeting the precise positioning requirements of the fully mechanized working face.

Objective To investigate the effect of hypoxia combined with propofol on immature Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat hippocampal neurons through ferroptosis. Methods A total of 168 7-day-old SD rats (half male and half female, 15.59±1.13 g) were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=28): lipid emulsion solvent+50% oxygen (CO), lipid emulsion solvent+air (CA), lipid emulsion solvent+18% oxygen (CH), propofol+50% oxygen (PO), propofol+air (PA), and propofol+18% oxygen (PH) groups.The rats in the propofol group were intraperitoneally injected with 50 mg/kg propofol, and those in the lipid emulsion group were intraperitoneally injected with 5 mL/kg lipid emulsion, once a day for 7 consecutive days.After injection, the mice were put into warm chambers with oxygen concentration of 50%, 21% and 18%(38℃) respectively.After the righting reflex recovered, the mice were immediately put back into the normoxic environment for feeding by their mothers.The respiratory rate (RR) and blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) of immature SD rats were observed and monitored after propofol anesthesia.The morphological changes of mitochondria in hippocampal neurons were observed by transmission electron microscopy.The contents of Fe2+ and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the hippocampus were detected by biochemical assay, and the protein expression of transferrin receptor (TFRC) in the hippocampus was detected by Western blotting. Results The results of RR and SpO2 monitoring showed that compared with the corresponding lipid emulsion group, only RR in the PO group was decreased (CO vs PO, P < 0.01), while RR and SpO2 in the PA and PH groups were decreased (CA vs PA, CH vs PH, P < 0.01).Transmission electron microscopy displayed that the mitochondria in the hippocampal neurons of the PA and PH groups were generally swollen, with dissolved and disappeared mitochondrial cristae.The results of the biochemical assay showed that the Fe2+ content and MDA level in the PO, PA, and PH groups were increased than those in the corresponding lipid emulsion groups (P < 0.01).Compared with the PO group, the content of Fe2+ and MDA were increased in the PA and PH groups (P < 0.05).Western blotting indicated that compared with the corresponding lipid emulsion group, the expression level of TFRC in the PO, PA, and PH groups was increased (P < 0.05), while the level was increased in the PA and PH groups than the PO group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Hypoxia aggravates the damage of hippocampal neurons induced by propofol in immature SD rats, and the mechanism is related to the ferroptosis of hippocampal tissue.

Emerging evidence has demonstrated that ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 J1 (UBE2J1) exerts pivotal function in many cancers. UBE2J1 was reported to be dysregulated in endometrial cancer (EC). This study was designed to further investigate the regulatory character and mechanism of UBE2J1 in EC. Bioinformatic tools and databases were used to analyze gene expression pattern and gene expression correlation in EC tissues, and the prognosis of EC patients. Gene expression was evaluated by reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Western blot was used for protein level detection. In vitro cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry analyses and TUNEL assays. In vivo cell apoptosis was evaluated by detecting Bax and Bcl-2 expression in tumor tissues via immunohistochemical and western blot analyses. In this study, UBE2J1 knockdown promoted cell apoptosis in EC cells and in mouse models of EC. PI3K and AKT expression is positively correlated with UBE2J1 level and is related to poor prognosis of EC patients. UBE2J1 knockdown repressed the PI3K/AKT pathway both in vitro and in vivo. UBE2J1 downregulation decreased MDM2 expression, but increased p53 expression. MDM2 overexpression reverses the promotion of UBE2J1 knockdown on cell apoptosis in EC. Overall, UBE2J1 knockdown induces cell apoptosis in EC by inactivating the PI3K/AKT signaling and suppressing the MDM2/p53 signaling.

To comprehensively analyze the jitter error in large-aperture optical telescopes, this paper introduces normalized point source sensitivity (PSSn) to evaluate the telescope system. First, the concept and basic properties of PSSn were introduced, and then the jitter error under expected random loads and the contribution percentage of each mode to the total jitter were analyzed through a model. The PSSn of the system under the influence of different error sources was studied, and its variation trend was estimated. A comparison of evaluation methods, such as the Strehl ratio, and the proposed method reflects the characteristics of more accurate data and a more concise calculation. The jitter error evaluation method proposed in this article, combined with PSSn, provides practical and beneficial guidance for the design and detection of large-aperture optical telescope systems.

Objective To investigate the factors impacting pathological complete remission (ipCR) of the internal mammary lymph nodes in patients with internal mammary lymph node metastasis (IMLN) after adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods Sixty-five cases of primary breast cancer (BC) with IMLN metastasis who had received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) were retrospectively analyzed. Postoperative pathology was used to divide the patients into ipCR and non-ipCR groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on ipCR after NAC. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of the factors related to ipCR and a Kaplan-Meier curve was used to analyze prognosis. Results Twenty-nine (44.62%) of the 65 female patients received ipCR after NAC. Significant differences in hormone receptor (HR) negative and axillary pathological complete response (apCR) rates between the ipCR and non-ipCR group (P 0.05). Conclusions ipCR after NAC is correlated with HR and apCR. HR combined with apCR has value in predicting ipCR. ipCR has prognostic value in patients with IMLN metastasis and may have the potential to inform clinical decision-making. Further validation of these findings is required through larger-scale prospective studies.

Objective To investigate the effect of individualized nursing intervention on relief of anxiety and depression of patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage in rehabilitation period. Methods Totally 102 patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage in rehabilitation period were divided into two groups: 51 patients in the control group received routine care and health education, and 51 patients in the observation group were given individualized nursing interventions based on the routine care. The self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were used to evaluate the negative emotions of patients. Complications during rehabilitation were observed. Results Scores of SAS and SDS decreased in both group after nursing interventions, and scores of SAS and SDS in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0. 01). There was no significant difference in incidence of increased intracranial pressure, lower extremity deep venous thrombosis or infection between two groups (P＞0. 05). Conclusion The individualized nursing is potentially effective to relieve the anxiety and depression of patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage in rehabilitation period, showing a positive effect in prevention of complications. (目的 探讨个性化护理干预高血压脑出血患者康复期焦虑、抑郁情绪的效果。方法 选取2021年7月—2022年6月在医院就诊的高血压脑出血患者102例为研究对象, 均处于康复期。根据入院顺序将患者分为两组: 对照组51例患者接受常规护理和健康宣教; 研究组51例患者在对照组基础上给予个性化护理干预。采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评价患者负性情绪, 对比两组康复期间并发症发生情况。结果 干预后, 两组SAS和SDS评分均较干预前下降, 且观察组SAS和SDS评分均低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。观察组颅内压增高、下肢深静脉血栓、感染发生率低于对照组, 但差异无统计学意义(P＞0. 05)。结论 对高血压脑出血康复期患者实施个性化护理干预, 能有效改善患者负性情绪, 对降低并发症发生风险具有积极意义。)

Abstract Objective Complete endoscopic radical resection of thyroid cancer, especially through the areolar approach, can achieve curative and acceptable cosmetic effects in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma. However, some inherent characteristics of endoscopic procedures hamper functional protection of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) is considered the most important accessory to protect the nerves during conventional radical thyroidectomy. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and necessity of IONM during complete endoscopic radical resection of thyroid cancer. Methods A total of 106 patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma were enrolled in the study between February 2013 and April 2018. Based on the use of the IONM technique, all patients were divided into the IONM (n = 54) and non‐IONM groups (n = 52). Overall, 66 RLNs were involved in the IONM group, and 61 RLNs were involved in the non‐IONM group. The time and ratio of RLN identification and the number of transient and permanent RLN injuries between both groups were compared. Results Compared to the non‐IONM group, the IONM group required less time for RLN identification (3.05 ± 1.58 vs. 9.36 ± 4.82 min, p

Abstract Surgery is currently a mainstream treatment modality for various solid tumor indications. However, aggressive resection of tumor tissues frequently causes postoperative complications, which severely undermine the well-being of patients. Moreover, the residue tumor cells may substantially increase the risk of local and distant tumor relapse. The recent development in black phosphorus (BP)-based nanomaterials offers a promising opportunity to address these clinical challenges. BP is an emerging nanomaterial with excellent biocompatibility and versatile functionality, which has already demonstrated great potential for a variety of biomedical applications including tumor therapy and tissue engineering. In this review, the recent advances in BP-based nanobiomaterials for the post-surgery treatment of solid tumor have been summarized, while specific emphasis was placed on their capability to continuously inhibit residue tumor growth at the surgery site as well as stimulating various healing mechanisms, aiming to preventing tumor relapse while promoting the healing of surgery-induced traumatic soft/hard tissue injuries. It is anticipated that the nanoengineered BP-based materials may open new avenues to tackle those clinical challenges in surgical treatment of solid tumors.

The construction process of asphalt pavement in highway construction projects is a key link in energy consumption and emissions, and the production of asphalt mixing stations is the main energy consumption link of asphalt pavement. Currently, targeted energy consumption evaluation and monitoring of asphalt mixing stations still lack systematic research. This article first determines the evaluation indicators for energy conservation and emission reduction of asphalt pavement. By decomposing the energy consumption composition of the asphalt mixing station, a energy consumption evaluation system for the asphalt mixing station consisting of three parts: heating drum, asphalt heating and insulation system, and power system is established. After calculation, the predicted natural gas conversion rates for each ton of SMA-13 asphalt mixture in the upper layer, AC-20 asphalt mixture in the middle layer, and AC-25 asphalt mixture in the lower layer are 8.07, 7.41, and 6.87 m3, respectively. The predicted results fit well with the measured data. Finally, through the development of hardware and software, the energy consumption evaluation and monitoring of asphalt mixing stations based on the Internet of Things were achieved, which played a promoting role in the environmental protection evaluation of highway pavement construction.

Objective To explore the role of parthanatos in propofol-induced injury in PC12 cells under hypoxic conditions. Methods PC12 cells were induced to differentiate with mouse nerve growth factor (NGF), and randomly divided into normal control (NC) group, lipid emulsion solvent+room air (CA) group, lipid emulsion solvent+hypoxia control (CH) group, propofol+room air (PA) group, propofol+hypoxia (PH) group, and 3-AB (PARP-1 inhibitor) group. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) kit and flow cytometry were adopted to detect the LDH level in the supernatant and the cell apoptosis, respectively. The mRNA levels of poly ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP-1) and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) were determined by RT-qPCR, and the protein levels of AIF, PARP-1 and polymerized ADP-ribose (PAR) in each group were measured by Western blotting. The nuclear distribution of AIF in PC12 cells was observed by immunofluorescence assay. Results As compared with the NC and CA groups, the levels of LDH and apoptosis were significantly enhanced in the PA and PH groups (P < 0.01); the mRNA and protein levels of PARP-1 and AIF (P < 0.05) were increased; and the accumulation of cytoplasmic PAR (P < 0.01) and AIF nuclear translocation (P < 0.01) were observed as well. In comparison with the CH and PA groups, the levels of LDH and cell apoptosis (P < 0.01), the mRNA and protein expression of PARP-1 (P < 0.01), the formation of cytoplasmic PAR (P < 0.01), and the AIF nuclear translocation (P < 0.01) were all augmented in the PH group. Pretreatment with PARP-1 inhibitor 3-AB notably reversed the increase in LDH level and cell apoptosis induced by hypoxia combined with propofol (P < 0.01), and restrained the up-regulation of PARP-1, AIF and PAR(P < 0.01). Conclusion Propofol causes parthanatos of PC12 cells under hypoxic conditions, and inhibition of parthanatos can alleviate the damage in PC12 cells induced by propofol combined with hypoxia.

As the amount of data increases,correlates and crosses between data,the value of data needs to be maximized through data fusion.However,due to the complexity of the data fusion process,to clearly explain the data fusion process,it is necessary to establish a backtracking mechanism for data fusion.Although many researches are focused on data provenance,most of them are based on query and workflow,and few of them are for data fusion.This paper focuses on the provenance of data fusion,and proposes a method to support multi-granularity provenance.Firstly,the data fusion process is abstracted,and the semantic graphs of patterns,entities and attributes are constructed with the entity as the core,and an optimized model for storing storage provenance information is proposed.Secondly,on the basis of the semantic graph,the data provenance query algorithms at the entity level and the attribute level are proposed respectively,and the corresponding query optimization strategy are also proposed.Finally,experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed data provenance method.

Objective To investigate the effect of environmental enrichment on alleviating stress in laboratory British-shorthair cats. Methods A total of fourteen laboratory British-shorthair cats were randomly divided into welfare group (n = 7) and control group (n = 7) according to the presence of environmental enrichment interventions which lasted for 11 weeks. The hematological and blood biochemical, neuroendocrine and immunological parameters of each group were measured and compared to evaluate the stress level of different groups. Results The mean corpuscular volume in the welfare group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05), the percentage of lymphocyte was extremely higher than that in the control group (P < 0.01), and the neutrophilic percentage was extremely lower than that in the control group (P < 0.01). In addition, the levels of carbamide, creatinine, globulin, total protein in the welfare group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05); the adrenaline and dopamine indicators in the welfare group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05), while interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio, IL-2/IL-4 ratio, IFN-γ/IL-5 ratio and IL-2/IL-5 ratio of the welfare group were higher than those of control group; among them, IFN-γ, IL-2, IFN-γ/IL-5 ratio and IL-2/IL-5 ratio were significantly different (P < 0.05), and IL-5 difference was extremely significant (P < 0.01). Conclusion The environmental enrichment interventions can effectively improve the welfare level of laboratory cats and reduce the biological costs of stress.

Abstract Despite immense revolutionary therapeutics potential, sustaining release of active small interfering RNA (siRNA) remains an arduous challenge. The development of nanoparticles with siRNA sustained release capabilities provides an avenue to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of gene-based therapy. Herein, we present a new system based on the encapsulation of siRNA/chitosan-methacrylate (CMA) complexes into liposomes to form UV crosslinkable Nanolipogels (NLGs) with sustained siRNA-release properties in vitro. We demonstrated that the CMA nanogel in NLGs can enhance the encapsulation efficiency of siRNA and provide sustained release of siRNA up to 28 days. To understand the particle mechanism of cellular entry, multiple endocytic inhibitors have been used to investigate its endocytosis pathways. The study saw positively charged NLGs entering cells via multiple endocytosis pathways, facilitating endosomal escape and slowly releasing siRNA into the cytoplasm. Transfection experiments confirmed that the crosslinked NLG delivery system provides effective transfection and prolonged silencing effect up to 14 days in cell cultures. We expect that this sustained-release siRNA NLG platform would be of interest in both fundamental biological studies and in clinical applications to extend the use of siRNA-based therapies.

Abstract Background Although breastfeeding is one of the top priorities for public health in China, the rate of breastfeeding is still low and a large number of women do not initiate breastfeeding due to various reasons. Hence, this study aimed to understand the decision-making of non-initiation and reveal the underlying reasons in order to protect, support, and promote breastfeeding. Methods In-depth, exploratory interviews were carried out with 13 new mothers who did not initiate breastfeeding. The collected data were analyzed by inductive content analysis. Results Although mothers generally understood the protective effects of breastfeeding, they believed that formula milk is a good alternative to human milk and even better in some aspects. Five core themes related to non-initiation decision-making emerged: (1) expected breastfeeding stress; (2) maladjustment to the maternal role; (3) concerns about physiological issues; (4) the lack of knowledge about the risks of artificial feeding; (5) belief that it is better not to initiate than to interrupt. Conclusions The environment for mothers to breastfeed in China is not supportive enough, and the medical staff and families should be held responsible for the non-initiation of breastfeeding. More professionals are needed to support mothers to solve their problems and breastfeeding education should be further expanded.

This work efficiently investigated the simultaneous extraction of uranium (U) and niobium (Nb) from a low-grade natural betafite ore by using novel technique, namely, sulfatizing roasting coupled to sulfuric acid leaching process. First, the sulfatizing roasting was adopted to alert the properties of the raw ore, aiming to destroy the crystal structure of the ores and convert the valuable elements to soluble sulfate compounds. Moreover, the influences of the parameters affecting the sulfatizing roasting including roasting temperature, amount of sulfuric acid, and roasting time were studied. The results indicated that the extraction of U and Nb from the ores with sulfatizing roasting was an order of magnitude higher than the extraction of U and Nb from the ores without roasting under the same test conditions. Then, the effects of amount of sulfuric acid concentration, liquid–solid ratio, leaching temperature, and leaching time on U and Nb recoveries were systematically investigated. To verify the process parameters of extracting U and Nb for the novel technique, three validating tests were conducted, and the results showed that over 95% of U and 85% of Nb were leached out under the optimal conditions. The novel technique was proven as advantageous since it conspicuously improved the leaching rates of U and Nb and promoted the refractory natural betafite ores to become an economic source for uranium.

With the continuous progress, innovation and development of infrastructure technologies such as Internet and enterprise mobile informatization in the industrial mobile era, the development of modern information economy and society has been accelerating, entering a new era of information flow and wide application of Big Data. This paper introduced the current status of application of Big Data in medical and nursing settings, and summarized concepts of Big Data, application of Big Data in clinical nursing and nursing research. Medical and nursing workers should enhance their awareness on Big Data and promote the healthy development of clinical nursing and related disciplines. (随着现代技术的发展, 医疗领域的信息化发展已成为必然趋势。本文主要介绍了目前大数据在医疗护理领域的应用现状, 包括大数据的概述、大数据在临床护理中的应用、大数据在护理研究中的应用等, 广大的医务人员应强化大数据发展意识, 以此工作为发展契机, 共同努力积极推动临床护理相关学科健康发展。)

The digital elevation model (DEM) of maize population in field was constructed by using optical imaging equipment mounted on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to study the accuracy difference of maize population height monitoring at different growth stages. Three cultivars and eight sowing date treatments were set up to structure maize population with different plant heights. A multi-rotor UAV with high-definition digital camera and multispectral imaging sensor was used to take RGB images and multispectral images in the experiment area on July 25th and August 27th, 2018, which were the biggest and smallest differences in plant height. The DEM data of maize population and canopy height were obtained with image pose correction, image mosaic, point cloud generation, and space reconstruction, et al. The canopy height and plant height were normalized, and the correlation between different cultivars and sowing date was analyzed based on UAV and manual plant height measurement. The feasibility of using DEM data of maize canopy to monitor the difference of plant height was clarified. The results showed that the height difference of maize population could be reflected by the digital elevation information obtained from high-definition RGB camera and multispectral camera. The plant height monitoring accuracy of HD RGB camera was higher than that of multispectral camera. However, the monitoring accuracy of plant height was not enough under the ready-made image equipment and treatment method. So, it was difficult to reflect the smaller plant height difference of maize population. Growth stage had a great influence on the monitoring of maize plant height. When the canopy of early growth stage has not completely covered the surface or the leaf yellow and withered in the later stage of growth. The plant height of the population affected by the exposed surface was seriously underestimated. In this study, the effects of UAV imaging equipment on monitoring maize plant height were analyzed. The influence factors can be used as reference for the application of the method in field production.

Heavy metals (HMs) entering soils are redistributed by natural processes such as surface runoff and soil erosion. These natural processes are characterized by topographic factors (TFs, e.g., Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), Total Catchment Area (TCA), Slope, and Aspect), which are commonly quantified by a digital elevation model (DEM) of a certain spatial resolution. Nevertheless, few studies have examined how DEM resolutions affect the detection of influential TFs of soil HMs. In this study, we first applied the GeoDetector method to explore the coupling between the eight TFs and the concentrations of eight soil HMs under a gradient of DEM resolutions. We found that the important sorting of eight TFs on one HM at different resolutions is inconsistent. For example, for Hg, TWI emerged to be the dominant factor among the eight TFs at 90 m resolution, whereas TCA took the lead at 3000 m resolution. Moreover, the results strongly deny the existence of an optimal resolution (OR) among the HMs for any specific topographical factor. We further applied a source apportionment model (Positive Matrix Factorization—PMF) to explore the effects of five identified pollution sources and the underlying environmental processes on the inconsistent ORs. The main reason for such OR inconsistency is that each HM may be released from various sources and subsequently undergo environmental processes that are topographically modulated at different spatial scales. The main reason for such OR inconsistency is that each HM may have various sources and subsequent environmental processes that happen at different spatial scales. Moreover, each TF could simultaneously reflect different transport and transformation processes. Therefore, the apparent OR for one metal is jointly composed of the preferences of all the sources it contains; thus, it cannot be determined by the OR preferences of a single source alone. Based on the composition and intensity of pollution sources, we propose three possible strategies for a more robust GeoDetector analysis. The findings reported here provide new insights into the proper use of GeoDetector for selecting the appropriate DEM resolutions when identifying influential environmental factors.