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A 3.3 kV rated Si-SiC hybrid IGBT with Si-based active structure and Si/SiC composite junction edge termination is proposed in this paper. A single deep and wide Si trench, capped with a hetero-epitaxially grown SiC layer, is employed as the edge termination structure. Therefore, the active region can make full use of the mature Si-based IGBT processes and cell structures with high carrier channel mobility and long electron-hole lifetime. Meanwhile the edge termination benefits from the high critical electric field of SiC and its breakdown voltage can easily reach the ideal value with excellent process windows. The ruggedness and reliability of the device can also be significantly improved because the avalanche occurs inside the silicon bulk and is far from the dielectric/semiconductor interface. The excellent characteristics of the edge termination are studied in detail by simulation. It is shown that the proposed edge structure has higher reliability in terms of the hot carrier effects and much less sensitivity to the interface charges in terms of breakdown degradation.

本研究旨在探討磨課師（MOOCs）教學經驗隱含之意義。以現象學的深度訪談與資料分析步驟，從受訪教師內隱的心理體驗歷程，歸納屬於人們共通性現象的經驗之意義，可分五大項陳述：傳達以學生為中心的訊息、編導故事情境的教學影片、增加多元學習經驗比小知識重要、放下名利得失心、創新教學的熱情與執行力。綜合上述描述，發現MOOCs授課教師具備五項教學經驗的意義：一、轉化專業實務經驗：將實務歷練注入教材製作，不同於學校課程所教授的內容與型態，讓學生感知有用及興趣。二、善用多媒體建構教材：教師構思教學劇本架構，編導影片或動畫，與生活面連結讓學生易於理解，引導學生想像空間預見未來。三、增加多元學習經驗：引用多元資源教學，安排實務專家參與課程，擴增學生視野及知識。四、精進數位教學知能：放下個人名利心，體驗MOOCs教學，獲得磨練及反思。五、做中學的精神：懷抱創新教學的熱情，勇於嘗試執行。最後，從反思MOOCs授課教師教學經驗的意 義，得到啟示並提出建議。 This study analyzes the denotations pertaining to instructors’ teaching experiences of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). By conducting a detailed phenomenological interview and data analysis, the study provides the denotations pertaining to common human phenomena through intrinsic psychological processes experienced by the instructors. The denotations were described on the basis of five perspectives—Delivering a learner-centered message, editing a teaching video with a story scenario, valuing the diversity of the learning experience over the acquisition of basic knowledge, setting aside fame and profit during teaching, and displaying the power of enthusiastic innovative teaching. On the basis of the five aforementioned descriptions, five denotations of teaching experiences were identified. (1) Transfer of professional practical experiences: This category involves preparing teaching materials on the basis of practical experiences. Such materials differ from the contents of traditional courses and enable students to find the topic useful and interesting. (2) Preparing optimal multimedia teaching materials: This category involves teaching by utilizing the framework provided in the teaching materials and editing videos or animations by linking the topics with situations encountered in daily life. This enables students to comprehend the materials easily and face the future responsibly. (3) Diversified learning experiences: This category involves teaching with diverse resources, including experts, to broaden students’ horizons. (4) Advancing the digital teaching ability: This category involves setting aside the individual fame and profit during teaching and teaching MOOCs to provide appropriate training and obtain suitable feedback. (5) Spirit of learning by experiences: This category involves cherishing the enthusiasm of innovative teaching and taking up novel challenges when teaching. Finally, implications and recommendations are proposed by analyzing the denotations pertaining to instructors’ experiences of teaching MOOCs.

Plastic debris in the oceans is a major and growing problem in global environmental pollution. There are increasing concerns that plastic debris is a source of contaminant, either added during manufacturing or adsorbed from the environment. However, there is little information about the acute toxicity of leachates from plastic debris on marine organisms. In this study, we conducted experiments to evaluate the toxicity of leachates from two single-use polyethylene plastic bags (PB1 and PB2) with the embryo and larvae of the commercial clam Meretrix meretrix. Results showed that fertilization of the embryos was not affected by plastic leachates, but the developments of D-veliger larvae, including survival, deformity, and shell height, were significantly affected by plastic leachates from both PB1 and PB2 compared to the controls of filtered seawater. We speculate that compounds leaching from plastic bags are responsible for the observed toxicity. Therefore, leaching toxicity from plastic debris should be considered when assessing the risks of plastic pollution in the oceans.

Genetic disorders greatly impact human life. Nursing staffs should provide counseling and health education before and after patients receive genetic testing. Current attitudes toward women who receive genetic tests emphasize respect patient autonomy and allowing the patient to make her own decisions regarding the tests she wants to take and her reproductive planning. For patients whose results include them in the high-risk group for dementia, providing mental support and counseling to assist them to understand the meaning of these results is important. One issue that deserves particular attention is the supervision of genetic testing agencies. Although the credibility, testing fees, and professionalism of these agencies must be verified, no government agency currently has executive authority in this area. Because genetic disorders often require huge expenditures to help patients live with dementia, health insurance is necessary. As Taiwan currently offers universal healthcare under the National Health Insurance program, dementia is currently and will continue to be an immense challenge to both the government and the nursing profession. Currently, medical knowledge related to genetic diseases and the ability of health professionals to provide effective treatments are still very limited. The nursing profession should be aware of the trends and challenges related to genetic disorders and devise appropriate policies in order to response the challenges.遺傳疾病對護理的衝擊及挑戰.遺傳疾病對個人生活型態及家庭都可能產生巨大影響，提供接受遺傳檢測之個案，護理人員應於檢驗前後給予諮詢與衛教。目前對於接受遺傳檢測的態度趨向提高婦女或夫婦的自主性，提供充分資訊，讓他們自行決定可以接受的檢驗，並及早準備迎接有特殊照護需求的新生兒。另外，對於已被檢測為失智症高危險羣之民眾應給予合適諮詢，以協助其瞭解結果代表的意義及心理支持。而目前政府對於遺傳檢驗機構之管理，遺傳疾病患者治療費用之保險或補助，以及倘若因檢測產生醫療糾紛，政府如何給予受檢者及檢驗機構公平審理等，皆未有清楚之標準。民眾對於引起遺傳疾病的因素所知有限，對於相關診斷、治療也存在許多不確定性，這雖是醫療照護者的限制，但對於民眾來說則風險更大，護理人員應儘早發現此項趨勢及護理需求，訂定合適方針以因應遺傳疾病帶給民眾的衝擊及挑戰。.

The reliability index of powerplant was allocated with the score allocation method. Based on the unit reliability growth test, the DYANE model was used to analyze the reliability growth trend of the ignition system. With the dual ignition system, the reliability of the ignition portion and the safe reliability of the powerplant were improved.

This paper studies on jointed pricing decision of Brick-and-Click Retailers under uncertain demand, based on the two-item newsvendor model. Firstly, the two-item newsvendor model is built based on profit maximization. Then, the concavity of objective function is proved and the solving method is given. Moreover, the solutions of the model and the influence of demand transfer coefficient to pricing, productivity and profit are analyzed numerically. The results show that the traditional retail channels pricing and productivity will decrease while e-commerce channels pricing and productivity and retailer profits will grow with the increase of demand transfer coefficient.

In this paper, a new structure of Fast Recovery Diode (FRD) and its manufacture methods were investigated. The active region designed by TCAD simulation software could achieve low emitter injection efficiency, and then reduce the peak reverse recovery current, improve the reverse recovery softness and increase working stability. Meanwhile, the effect of the P-body dose and carrier lifetime on the turn-off characteristic of FRD was also discussed. Taking an example of 3300V voltage grade devices for FRD, the reasonable P-body dose and carrier lifetime on the basis of the new structure were confirmed by simulations. This diode was suitable for the anti-parallel with power switch device (such as IGBT, GTO, etc.).

The necessary condition for power devices with enough blocking properties is Junction termination technology. In this paper, starting with the dose of rings, 3.3 kV Floating Filed Rings was investigated, and the influence of electric field and current density on the breakdown characteristic is also described. The results show that the dose of field rings directly affects the stability of breakdown voltage, this impact is relevant to the location of the peak electric field and the peak current density when breakdown was occurred. When the peak electric field appears in the middle of the field rings, the breakdown voltage is not sensitive to the dose of rings; however, when the peak electric field and strongest current density appeared on the edge of termination at the same time, breakdown voltage become very sensitive to the dose of rings because of the highest impact ionization in this position. Simulations and experiments indicate that the junction termination has better withstand voltage stability , when electric field distributes uniformly, the position of breakdown is in the middle of the termination, and the strongest current density appears in the main junction.

The finite element model of an aircraft hydraulic pipe was established in this paper. Based on LS-Dyna software equivalent static pressure and peak pressure surface loads on the tire burst test (main landing gear retracted state, and did not consider the impact of tire debris) jets were applied to the hydraulic pipe. Both stress and strain contours of hydraulic pipe were obtained under dynamic loading. Plastic strain occurred under both loads on the hydraulic pipe, and the peak pulse loads were more severe than equivalent static loads, the maximum strain reached 0.41172 under the peak pulse loads. However, in both cases the pipe is not broken.

A new protective material-steel mesh reinforced concrete was developed under the condition of modern high-tech weapon development. The comparative tests were conducted with steel fiber reinforced and steel reinforced concrete. The enhancement characteristics of three composites were analyzed in the respects of base material, the distribution of reinforced material and its bonding. The results indicate that steel mesh reinforced concrete is the most effective composite resisting penetration.

This paper introduced the method that developed model and frequency analyses of powertrain mounting system based on ADAMS (Automatic Dynamic Analysis of Mechanical Systems ). The six vibration frequencies and its corresponding modes were obtained and compared with experimental results. Mount stiffness of the four mounting parts were optimized to use Adams/Insight. The former low decoupling degrees and the new part stiffness were observed to improve the disadvantage and can reduce the vibration transfer.

This paper comprehensively uses a combination of methods of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation as well as the model test to do the structural analysis to some type of the passenger cabin doors, so as to set up the model for the descriptions of the part subjected to explosion impact loading; Through the tests, we gets the explosion impact loading and other important physical parameters. Aimed at the material of the door as well as the simplified models subjected to the explosion impact loading, the numerical simulation is put up by the finite element software ABAQUS. The necessity of the reinforcement is deeply analyzed as well as the difficulties during the process of the reinforcement, furthermore, the reinforcement measures are proposed to the airliner door. Keywords: Numerical simulation; Explosion impact loading; Explosion-combustion power equipments

For a mini remotely operated vehicle (mini-ROV), the performance of the propulsion system has a direct impact on its underwater running and operation. A proper designed propulsion module will improve the maneuverability and controllablity of the mini ROV. In this paper, we propose a kind of propulsion modular series taking lower drag, higher efficiency and lighter weight as design objectives. Simulation and experiment results are also presented to illustrate performance of a specific designed thruster.

We studied the high frequency vibrator of the top drive system based on ADAMS. A parameterized simulation model of the axial rotation of gears and eccentric block is established, and dynamic change of the impact and the actual movement of the rotating components of the top drive system are analyzed. Then create a virtual prototype on the basis of that. It can obtain curves that some parameters change relative to time, such as the exciting force and the centroid position of eccentric block. Thus it achieves dynamic simulation analysis of virtual prototype of the top drive system.

Hammer is an important part of the top drive system. ANSYS software was applied to analyze the top drive system drilling rig hammer. The procedures and methods were introduced in this paper. A reliable reference for optimizing the design and improving the structure is provided. Through calculation, whether the design of top drive system is sufficient to actual requirement can be judged. The changes of strain and stress in hammer are qualified to the top drive system.

To meet the air emergency evacuation needs of aircraft flight test team members, we developed the air emergency opening system of aircraft service port. During the flight tests, the probability of false triggering of the electro-explosive system used in the emergency opening system is called for not more than 0.001 in the confidence of not less than 90% under the interference of external electromagnetic radiation, and when the aircraft experience an emergency, the electro-explosive system can work reliably according to the preestablished instructions to detonate the detonation power unit of the emergency opening system, and the service port will be pushed into the cabin fast and accurately, so that the aircrew could bail out of the aircraft by the barrier-free access. Therefore, this paper examines the electromagnetic radiation environment of the inner and outer fuselage of the aircraft, and then analyzes the hazard of the electromagnetic environment to the electro-explosive system of the emergency opening system as a base for the safety design of the anti-electromagnetic radiation of the emergency opening system.

In order to solve the problem which generally exists in assessing high explosive ignition reliability of electro-explosive devices (EED), a new test method, based on information equivalence principle, is proposed on the condition of a relatively smaller sample size for instead. According to the definition of information principle, the method measures the reliability test information by the negative logarithm of ignition probability of EED and converts the test by GJB376-1987 at a larger amount of stimulation with a big sample size to a small one. We adopt this method to assess the ignition reliability of EED used in the emergency opening system. The result is that we just need 29 sample size on the confidence of not less than 95% and the ignition reliability greater than 0.999. Compared with the 2996 sample size in GJB376-1987, the method reduces the sample usage greatly. Tests shows that the small sample test method based on information equivalence principle for the ignition reliability test of EED is accurate, feasible and can meet the objective of experimental design

Since the online market has been growing rapidly over the past several years, electronic marketing activities have drawn a lot of attention. Many companies generated customer loyalty by improving electronic service quality (e-service quality) but the effects needed to be further examined. The first purpose of the study is to integrate relevant literature and develop a comprehensive research model of electronic commerce to identify its antecedent and consequential research variables. This study tests the interrelationships among the perception of e-service quality, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. The second purpose of this study is to examine the moderating effect of customer perceived value on the relationship between customer satisfaction and loyalty. Through a questionnaire survey, the results of this study indicated that e-service quality has influence on customer satisfaction and then generates customer loyalty, which is consistent with Bagozzi's appraisal→emotional response→behaviour fram...

The crew emergency evacuation security system is a life-saving device, the ultimate function of which is to save the life of the aircraft crew in a new regional airliner at high altitude. The system is used to push the service door with translational motion for a suitable distance. Before the system was started, the force state of the service door was got with the fluid mechanics knowledge. When the system was started, after a period of pressure relief time, the aircraft cabin pressure was calculated with the Bernoulli's Equation. The movement trajectory and the force state of the service door were obtained by the computational fluid dynamics theory and numerical simulation method. All of the above work must lay a theoretical foundation for the development of the crew emergency evacuation security system, and ensure the flight safety.

The purpose of the present study was to explore the self-learning experiences of depression patients on interactive multimedia education program. Qualitative in-depth interviews were employed. Fourteen patients with a first episode of major depression were recruited from a psychiatric outpatient department. Explanations of the purposes of the exercise and on-the-spot teaching were provided by the researcher before the study began. A tape-recorded, semi-structured interview format was employed after two weeks. Data analysis was performed in the framework of line-by-line content, contextual and thematic analysis. Eight subjects successfully completed the entire learning activities. Content analysis revealed 4 main aspects of successful self-learning experiences: the triggering of learning motivation, the enjoyment of self-paced learning, support for the effects of learning materials, and the gaining of self- awareness and changes. The factors influencing learning performance were related to: environmental impact, the degree of familiarity with traditional learning, possession or non-possession of the necessary computer operation skills, and good computer support. However, the findings provide a preliminary understanding of the application of interactive multimedia education programs in terms of self-learning outcomes and recognizing key elements of learning impediments among the study sample. A larger sample size with different clinical contexts is recommended to determine the effect and generalizability for future research. Furthermore, the creation of a computerized learning environment with different educational styles is crucial to patients' success in obtaining depression-related information and understanding effective adaptive skills.

The combined use of batifiban, a synthetic platelet GPII b/ IIIa receptor antagonist, and antithrombin agents is an attractive option for the treatment of patients with non-ST-segment elevation (NSTE) acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and those scheduled for percutaneous coronary intervention. To observe whether antithrombin agents affect the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of batifiban in combination therapy and optimize clinical administration dosage of batifiban, an open-label and parallel study was conducted. Thirty healthy subjects were randomly divided into three groups, which were sequentially treated with batifiban alone, or oral coadministration of clopidogrel, aspirin and UFH, or batifiban coadministered with these antithrombin agents. Blood samples were collected at pre-specified time points. The evaluation index included the inhibition of platelet aggregation and pharmacokinetic parameters. The pharmacokinetic parameters of batifiban and batifiban coadministered with antithrombin agents showed no significant differences. The mean inhibition rate of platelet aggregation (%) suggested that neither batifiban alone nor antithrombin agents alone could provide such potent inhibition rate (>80%) to obtain the best clinical efficacy, but they had a synergistic effect on platelet inhibition. No serious adverse effects were observed. The results in these healthy subjects suggest that batifiban coadministrated with antithrombin agents could achieve optimum clinical treatment effect for patients with NSTE ACS, and also those scheduled for percutaneous coronary intervention.

Wireless communication and multimedia applications feature a large amount of matrix operations with different matrix size. These operations require accessing matrix in column order. This paper implements a Multi-Grained Matrix Register File (MMRF) that supports multi-grained parallel row-wise and column-wise access. We implement a 4*4 MIMO decoding with the help of MMRF to illustrate the efficient matrix operations on SIMD processors. Experimental results show that, compared with TMS320C64x+, our SIMD processor can achieve about 5.65x to 7.71x performance improvement by employing the MMRF. By customized design technology, we reduce the area and critical-path delay of MMRF by 17.9% and 39.1% respectively.

This paper introduces a new concept about the mechanism of wear resistance to abrasives contained mainly in soil. This mechanism, which is called the theory of spontaneous protective layer in this paper, is dealt with. Some practical examples using this mechanism to increase the life of test samples and soil-cutting elements are also presented.

A new single-mode 1/spl times/3 equal-power divider using a substrate microprism and two waveguide expanders has been proposed and analyzed. Simulation results show that with appropriate phase-front tilt and field modification, equal power division and low insertion loss can be attained for a large branching angle. The effects of device parameters are also discussed to facilitate the design of the proposed equal-power divider. Because of not requiring extra regions of indices different from those of the waveguide and substrate, the proposed equal-power divider can be easily fabricated.