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Two new salts based on [Ni(tdas)2]2− (tdas2− = 1, 2, 5-thiadiazole-3,4-dithiolate), [4FBz-4EtPy]2[Ni(tdas)2](1) and [4BrBz-4EtPy]2[Ni(tdas)2] (2), have been prepared by reaction of Na2tdas, NiCl2.6H2O, and [4RBz-4EtPy]Br([4RBz-4EtPy]+ = 4-R-benzyl-4′-ethylpyridinium, R = F(1), Br(2)), and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV-Vis, EI-MS spectra, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Two salts crystallize in different systems with the different stacking modes of the anions and the cations. The [4FBz-4EtPy]+ cations in 1 form a 1D chain through C−H···F hydrogen bonds, while the [Ni(tdas)2]2− anions form a 1D chain in 2 through intermolecular short S···S interactions. Some other intra-molecular contacts such as C−H···S, C−H···N, C–H···Ni, π···π, S···N, and S···Br weak interactions in 1 and 2 play an important role in the stacking of the molecules and give further rise to a network 3D structure.

Three complexes, [3RBzIQl]2[Cu(mnt)2] (mnt2− = maleonitriledithiolate; [3RBzIQl]+ = 1-(3′-R-benzyl)isoquinolinium, R = Cl (1), I (2) or NO2 (3)), have been prepared and characterized by spectroscopic and physicochemical methods as well as by X-ray crystallography. The [Cu(mnt)2]2− anions formed a 1D chain in complex 1, a dimer in 2 and a sheet structure in 3 through C···N and/or N···N interactions. The neighboring dimers of the cations arranged in a boat-type pattern stack into columns through weak π···π, Cl···π or O···π, C–H···π interactions. The anions and cations stack together into a columnar structure with a ···A–CC–A–CC–A··· sequence. The magnetic susceptibilities measured in the temperature range 2.0–300 K reveal that complex 1 undergoes a change from weak ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic exchange around 132 K, while 2 shows antiferromagnetic behavior and 3 shows a weak ferromagnetic interaction when the temperature is lowered.

Two new molecular solids, [4FBzIQl][Ni(mnt)2](1) and [4FBzIQl]2[Cu(mnt)2](2) ([4FBzIQl]+ = [1-(4′-fluorobenzyl)isoquinolinium; mnt2− = maleonitriledithiolate) have been obtained by complexing of the [M(mnt)2]n− (M = Ni(III) or Cu(II), n = 1 or 2) anion with [4FBzIQl]+ cation. Single-crystal structural analysis reveals that both molecular metals crystallize in the triclinic space group P-1. The [Ni(mnt)2]− anions of 1 form a column by short C⋯N and C⋯C interactions between the cyano groups of the anions, while two adjacent [Cu(mnt)2]2− anions of 2 form a dimer through S⋯S interaction. The neighboring cations form a dimer or 2D layered structure through C H⋯F hydrogen bonds, F⋯F interactions, and π⋯π stack interactions. The anions and cations stack alternately into a 1D column through C H⋯N, π⋯π or/and C H⋯S, C HCu interactions. Magnetic susceptibility measurements in the temperature range 2–300 K reveal that 1 exhibits a characteristic of two spin-gaps around 103.8 K and 7.5 K, respectively, while 2 shows a change of magnetic exchange from weak ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic interaction around 43.9 K when the temperature is lowered.

Three molecular solids, [2RBzIQl]2[Cu(mnt)2] (mnt2− = maleonitriledithiolate; [2RBzIQl]+ = 1-(2′-R-benzyl) isoquinolinium, R = F(1), Cl(2) and Br(3)), have been prepared and systemically investigated. The crystal structural analysis reveals that three molecular metals crystallize in the monoclinic with space group P21/c, and the [2RBzIQl]+ cations stack into an one-dimensional column through C H⋯π, π⋯π and C H⋯X (X = F or Cl) interactions while the [Cu(mnt)2]2− anions in 1 and 2 form a dimer by the side-to-side S⋯S, N⋯N and S⋯N interactions. The anions (A) and cations (C) are arranged alternatively into one 1D column for 1 and 2 and two 1D columns for 3 with a ⋯A CC A CC A⋯ sequence though C H⋯S, C H⋯π, C H⋯N or/and C H⋯Cu hydrogen bonds, and weak X⋯N (X = F, Cl), Br⋯S, Cu⋯N or/and π⋯π interactions. The magnetic susceptibilities measured in the temperature range 2.0–300 K reveal that 1 shows an antiferromagnetic behavior, while 2 and 3 exhibit a change of magnetic exchange from weak ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic around 48 K upon the temperature is lowered.

Active oxygen quantum yield, insecticidal activities and stability of diphenylthiophene were studied for the first time. The results showed that maximum diphenylthiophene absorbency variety was 0.438 after irradiation for 280 min and that of α-terthienyl (α-T) was 0.480 after irradiation for 200 min with UV. LC 50 values of diphenylthiophene and α-T against 3rd instar larvae of Aedes albopictus were 9.18 × 10 −3 and 9.69 × 10 −4 μg mL −1 when treated for 24 h, respectively. LC 50 , values of the two chemicals against the 3rd instar larvae of Plutella xylostella were 267.87 and 222.22 μg mL −1 when treated for 24 h, respectively. The half lives of diphenylthiophene and α-T in methanol were 113.62 and 10.65 h. Difference between quantum yield of diphenylthiophene and α-T was not significant and they all possessed high toxicity to Aedes albopictus and Plutella xylostella , but diphenylthiophene was more stable than α-T. It could be concluded that diphenylthiophene has overcome the deficiency of photoactivated insecticides which degraded quickly in the environment and could not be applied on the field. Diphenylthiophene could kill the insects and accelerate the degradation rate of triazophos. The benefits of diphenylthiophene can be further exploited and applied on the field.