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1. Herbivory on the pedunculate oak along an urbanization gradient in Europe : Effects of impervious surface, local tree cover, and insect feeding guild

Author

Elena Valdés‐Correcher, Anna Popova, Andrea Galmán, Andreas Prinzing, Andrey V. Selikhovkin, Andy G. Howe, Anna Mrazova, Anne‐Maïmiti Dulaurent, Arndt Hampe, Ayco Jerome Michel Tack, Christophe Bouget, Daniela Lupaștean, Deborah Harvey, Dmitry L. Musolin, Gábor L. Lövei, Giada Centenaro, Inge Van Halder, Jonas Hagge, Jovan Dobrosavljević, Juha‐Matti Pitkänen, Julia Koricheva, Katerina Sam, Luc Barbaro, Manuela Branco, Marco Ferrante, Maria Faticov, Markéta Tahadlová, Martin Gossner, Maxime Cauchoix, Michał Bogdziewicz, Mihai‐Leonard Duduman, Mikhail V. Kozlov, Mona C. Bjoern, Nikita A. Mamaev, Pilar Fernandez‐Conradi, Rebecca L. Thomas, Ross Wetherbee, Samantha Green, Slobodan Milanović, Xoaquín Moreira, Yannick Mellerin, Yasmine Kadiri, Bastien Castagneyrol, Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Saint Petersburg University (SPBU), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), University of South Bohemia, Agro-écologie, Hydrogéochimie, Milieux et Ressources (AGHYLE), UniLaSalle, Stockholm University, Groupement d'Interêt Public Ecosystèmes Forestiers GIP ECOFOR (GIP ECOFOR ), University Stefan cel Mare of Suceava (USU), Royal Holloway [University of London] (RHUL), St Petersburg State University (SPbU), Aarhus University [Aarhus], Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, University of Belgrade [Belgrade], Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), University of London [London], Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la COnservation (CESCO), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamiques et écologie des paysages agriforestiers (DYNAFOR), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Institut Fédéral de Recherches sur la Forêt, la Neige et le Paysage (WSL), Institut Fédéral de Recherches [Suisse], Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (SETE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de Recherche Agrobiosciences, Interactions et Biodiversité (FR AIB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des EcoSystèmes et des Sociétés en Montagne (UR LESSEM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Turku, IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes (URFM), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Coventry University, Mision Biologica de Galicia (MBG), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), ANR‐10‐LABX‐45, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Fondation BNP Paribas, ANR-10-LABX-0045,COTE,COntinental To coastal Ecosystems: evolution, adaptability and governance(2010), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), BNP Paribas Foundation, Valdés-Correcher, Elena, Sam, Katerina, Ferrante, Marco, Bogdziewicz, Michał, Castagneyrol, Bastien, Research Centre for Ecological Change, and Department of Agricultural Sciences

Subjects
impervious surface, local canopy cover, insect herbivory, DIVERSITY, PLANT DEFENSES, HEAT, LEAF HERBIVORY, URBAN, Insect Herbivory, Leaf Miners, citizen science, Impervious Surface, Local Canopy Cover, leaf gallers, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Leaf Gallers, GLOBAL PATTERNS, Ecology, LANDSCAPE CONTEXT, Citizen Science, fungi, FOREST, Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss, 1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology, ABUNDANCE, leaf miners, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Quercus robur, TOP-DOWN
Abstract

14 páginas, 3 figuras, Urbanization is an important driver of the diversity and abundance of tree-associated insect herbivores, but its consequences for insect herbivory are poorly understood. A likely source of variability among studies is the insufficient consideration of intra-urban variability in forest cover. With the help of citizen scientists, we investigated the independent and interactive effects of local canopy cover and percentage of impervious surface on insect herbivory in the pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) throughout most of its geographic range in Europe. We found that the damage caused by chewing insect herbivores as well as the incidence of leaf-mining and gall-inducing herbivores consistently decreased with increasing impervious surface around focal oaks. Herbivory by chewing herbivores increased with increasing forest cover, regardless of impervious surface. In contrast, an increase in local canopy cover buffered the negative effect of impervious surface on leaf miners and strengthened its effect on gall inducers. These results show that-just like in non-urban areas-plant-herbivore interactions in cities are structured by a complex set of interacting factors. This highlights that local habitat characteristics within cities have the potential to attenuate or modify the effect of impervious surfaces on biotic interactions., This study was carried out with financial support from the French National Research Agency (ANR) in the frame of the Investments for the Future Programme, within the Cluster of Excellence COTE (Continental To coastal Ecosystems: evolution, adaptability, and governance) (ANR-10-LABX-45) and was further funded by the BNP Paribas Foundation as part of its Climate & Biodiversity Initiative the citizen science project Tree Bodyguards. The authors warmly thank all the young European citizens and their teachers who made this study possible. They also thank the professional scientists who kindly agreed to participate in this study: Alexander Kozel (Belarusian State Technological University and American Psychological Association), Andreas Schuldt (Forest Nature Conservation, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, German), Aurélien Sallé (Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, INRAE, Université d'Orléans), Chloe Mendiondo and Claire Colliaux (Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Flakkebjerg Research Centre, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark), György Csóka (Department of Forest Protection, NARIC Forest Research Institute, Mátrafüred, Hungary), Lars Opgennoorth (Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Ecological Genetics, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland), Laurent Augusto (INRAE, Bordeaux Sciences Agro), Marija Popović (Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia), Mickael Pihain (Research Unit “Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Evolution”, University of Rennes 1/CNRS, 35042 Rennes, France), Olivier Bouriaud (Applied Ecology Laboratory, Forestry Faculty, “Ștefan cel Mare, University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania), Stefan K. Müller (Freie evangelische Schule Lörrach), Tomas Roslin (Department of Ecology; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences), Valentin Queloz (Forest Entomology, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL), and Vojtech Lanta (Institute of Botany CAS, Dukelská 135, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic). They also thank Michael Scherer-Lorenzen (Geobotany, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg) for the help during the coordination of the research.

Published
2022
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2. Herbivory on the pedunculate oak along urbanization range in Europe: effects of local forest cover and insect feeding guild

Author

Elena Valdés-Correcher, Anna Popova, Andrea Galmán, Andreas Prinzing, Andrey Selikhovkin, Andy Howe, Anna Mrazova, Anne-Maïmiti Dulaurent, Arndt Hampe, Ayco Tack, Christophe Bouget, Daniela Lupaștean, Deborah Harvey, Dmitry Musolin, Gabor Lövei, Giada Centenaro, Inge Halder, Jonas Hagge, Jovan Dobrosavljević, Juha-Matti Pitkänen, Julia Koricheva, Katerina Sam, Luc Barbaro, Manuela Branco, Marco Ferrante, Maria Faticov, Markéta Tahadlová, Martin M. Gossner, Maxime Cauchoix, Michał Bogdziewicz, Mihai-Leonard Duduman, Mikhail Kozlov, Mona Bjoern, Nikita Mamaev, Pilar Fernandez-Conradi, Rebecca Thomas, Ross Wetherbee, Samantha Green, Slobodan Milanović, Xoaquin Moreira, Yasmine Kadiri, and Bastien Castagneyrol

Subjects
fungi
Abstract

Urbanization is recognized as an important driver of the diversity and abundance of tree associated insect herbivores, but its consequences for insect herbivory are controversial. A likely source of variability among studies is the insufficient consideration of intra-urban variability in forest cover. With the help of citizen scientists, we investigated the independent and interactive effect of urbanization and local canopy cover on insect herbivory in the pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) throughout most of its geographic range in Europe. The damage caused by chewing insect herbivores as well as the incidence of leaf-mining and gall-inducing herbivores consistently decreased with increasing urbanization around focal oaks. Herbivory by chewing herbivores increased with increasing forest cover, regardless of urbanization. In contrast, an increase in local canopy cover buffered the negative effect of urbanization on leaf-miners and strengthened its effect on gall-inducers. These results show the complexity of plant-herbivore interactions in urbanized areas, highlighting that the presence of local canopy cover within cities has the potential to attenuate or modify the effect of urbanization on biotic interactions.

Published
2021
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3. Search for top‐down and bottom‐up drivers of latitudinal trends in insect herbivory in oak trees in Europe

Author

Ágnes Fürjes-Mikó, Yasmine Kadiri, Thomas Damestoy, Marco Ferrante, Andreas Schuldt, Csaba Béla Eötvös, Arndt Hampe, Marketa Tahadlova, Mihai-Leonard Duduman, Luc Barbaro, Anna Mrazova, Ayco J. M. Tack, Tomas Roslin, Slobodan Milanović, Maria Faticov, Michèle Kaennel-Dobbertin, Andreas Prinzing, György Csóka, Aurélien Sallé, Deborah J. Harvey, Gábor L. Lövei, Katerina Sam, Olivier Bouriaud, Xoaquín Moreira, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Lars Opgennoorth, Martin M. Gossner, Juha-Matti Pitkänen, Andrea Galmán, Laurent Augusto, Giada Centenaro, Julia Koricheva, Anne-Maïmiti Dulaurent, Jovan Dobrosavljević, Andrey V. Selikhovkin, Marija Popović, Elena Valdés-Correcher, Manuela Branco, D. Lupaştean, Valentin Queloz, Lassi Suominen, Christophe Bouget, Mikhail V. Kozlov, Rebecca L. Thomas, Anna Yu. Popova, Bastien Castagneyrol, Andy G. Howe, Alexander Kozel, Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Misión Biológica de Galicia, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (UMR ISPA), Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Dynamiques et écologie des paysages agriforestiers (DYNAFOR), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ecosystèmes forestiers (UR EFNO), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University Stefan cel Mare of Suceava (USU), Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Universita degli Studi di Padova, National Agricultural Research and Innovation Center (NARIC), Agro-écologie, Hydrogéochimie, Milieux et Ressources (AGHYLE), UniLaSalle, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), ANR-10-LABX-0045,COTE,COntinental To coastal Ecosystems: evolution, adaptability and governance(2010), Mision Biologica de Galicia (MBG), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la COnservation (CESCO), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), University of Belgrade [Belgrade], Universitatea Stefan cel Mare Suceava (USU), Stockholm University, Aarhus University [Aarhus], University of the Azores, Swiss Federal Research Institute, Royal Holloway [University of London] (RHUL), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Saint Petersburg State University (SPBU), Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences (BIOLOGY CENTRE CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), University of South Bohemia, and This study was carried out with financial support from the French National Research Agency (ANR) in the frame of the Investments for the Future Programme, within the Cluster of Excellence COTE (Continental To coastal Ecosystems: evolution, adaptability and governance) (ANR-10-LABX-45). E.V.C. was funded by the BiodivERsA (BiodivERsA is a network of national and regional funding organisations promoting pan-European research on biodiversity and ecosystem services, and offering innovative opportunities for the conservation and sustainable management of biodiversity) project SPONFOREST (Unraveling the potential of spontaneous forest establishment for improving ecosystem functions and services in dynamic landscapes) (BiodivERsA3-2015-58). The authors warmly thank all the young European citizens and their teachers who made this study possible. They also thank the professional scientists who kindly agreed to participate in this study: Stefan K. Müller (Freie evangelische Schule Lörrach), Olga Mijón Pedreira (teacher IES Rosais 2, Vigo-Spain) and Mickael Pihain (Research Unit 'Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Evolution', University of Rennes 1/CNRS, 35042 Rennes, France), and Chloe Mendiondo and Claire Colliaux (Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Flakkebjerg Research Centre, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark).

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, защита растений, Range (biology), Leaf Chemistry, media_common.quotation_subject, Climate, Plant Defences, Nutritional quality, Insect, Plant defences, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Latitude, Quercus robur, biotic interactions, биотические факторы, Avian Insectivory, Artificial Prey, Avian insectivory, Natural enemies, climatic gradients, pedunculate oak, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Global and Planetary Change, Herbivore, насекомые-вредители, Ecology, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Artificial prey, климатические градиенты, 15. Life on land, Latitudinal gradients, biology.organism_classification, климатические факторы, climatic factors, Taxon, 13. Climate action, широтные градиенты, Leaf chemistry, herbivorous insects, травоядные насекомые, дуб черешчатый, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

AIM: The strength of species interactions is traditionally expected to increase toward the Equator. However, recent studies have reported opposite or inconsistent latitudinal trends in the bottom-up (plant quality) and top-down (natural enemies) forces driving herbivory. In addition, these forces have rarely been studied together thus limiting previous attempts to understand the effect of large-scale climatic gradients on herbivory. LOCATION: Europe. TIME PERIOD: 2018–2019. MAJOR TAXA STUDIED: Quercus robur. METHODS: We simultaneously tested for latitudinal variation in plant–herbivore–natural enemy interactions. We further investigated the underlying climatic factors associated with variation in herbivory, leaf chemistry and attack rates in Quercus robur across its complete latitudinal range in Europe. We quantified insect leaf damage and the incidence of specialist herbivores as well as leaf chemistry and bird attack rates on dummy caterpillars on 261 oak trees. RESULTS: Climatic factors rather than latitude per se were the best predictors of the large-scale (geographical) variation in the incidence of gall-inducers and leaf-miners as well as in leaf nutritional content. However, leaf damage, plant chemical defences (leaf phenolics) and bird attack rates were not influenced by climatic factors or latitude. The incidence of leaf-miners increased with increasing concentrations of hydrolysable tannins, whereas the incidence of gall-inducers increased with increasing leaf soluble sugar concentration and decreased with increasing leaf C : N ratios and lignins. However, leaf traits and bird attack rates did not vary with leaf damage. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: These findings help to refine our understanding of the bottom-up and top-down mechanisms driving geographical variation in plant–herbivore interactions, and indicate the need for further examination of the drivers of herbivory on trees. This study was carried out with financial support from the French National Research Agency (ANR) in the frame of the Investments for the Future Programme, within the Cluster of Excellence COTE (Continental To coastal Ecosystems: evolution, adaptability and governance) (ANR-10-LABX-45). E.V.C. was funded by the BiodivERsA (BiodivERsA is a network of national and regional funding organisations promoting pan-European research on biodiversity and ecosystem services, and offering innovative opportunities for the conservation and sustainable management of biodiversity) project SPONFOREST (Unraveling the potential of spontaneous forest establishment for improving ecosystem functions and services in dynamic landscapes) (BiodivERsA3-2015-58). info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2021
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4. Tree diversity is associated with reduced herbivory in urban forest

Author

Alex Stemmelen, Bastien Castagneyrol, Yasmine Kadiri, Alain Paquette, Hervé Jactel, Marie-Lise Benot, Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, Insect, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Predation, Urban forest, Forest ecology, Top-down control, Predator, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Community and Home Care, Urban biodiversity, Herbivore, Insect herbivory, business.industry, Ecology, Artificial prey, Pest control, 15. Life on land, 13. Climate action, Tree diversity, Urban ecosystem, business, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract

International audience; 1. Insect herbivory is an important component of forest ecosystems functioning and can affect tree growth and survival. Tree diversity is known to influence insect herbivory in natural forest, with most studies reporting a decrease in herbivory with increasing tree diversity. Urban ecosystems, on the other hand, differ in many ways from the forest ecosystem and the drivers of insect herbivory in cities are still debated. 2. We monitored 48 urban trees from five species-three native and two exotic-in three parks of Montreal (Canada) for leaf insect herbivory and predator activity on artificial larvae, and linked herbivory with both predation and tree diversity in the vicinity of focal trees. 3. Leaf insect herbivory decreased with increasing tree diversity and with increasing predator attack rate. 4. Our findings indicate that tree diversity is a key determinant of multitrophic interactions between trees, herbivores and predators in urban environments and that managing tree diversity could contribute to pest control in cities.

Published
2020

5. Insect herbivory on urban trees: Complementary effects of tree neighbours and predation

Author

Yasmine Kadiri, Marie-Lise Benot, Bastien Castagneyrol, Alex Stemmelen, Hervé Jactel, and Alain Paquette

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Herbivore, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, media_common.quotation_subject, Insect, 15. Life on land, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Predation, Ecosystem services, Tree (data structure), 13. Climate action, PEST analysis, Urban ecosystem, Predator, media_common
Abstract

Insect herbivory is an important component of forest ecosystems functioning and can affect tree growth and survival. Tree diversity is known to influence insect herbivory in natural forest, with most studies reporting a decrease in herbivory with increasing tree diversity. Urban ecosystems, on the other hand, differ in many ways from the forest ecosystem and the drivers of insect herbivory in cities are still debated.We monitored 48 urban trees from five species – three native and two exotic – in three parks of Montreal (Canada) for leaf insect herbivory and predator activity on artificial larvae, and linked herbivory with both predation and tree diversity in the vicinity of focal trees.Leaf insect herbivory decreased with increasing tree diversity and with increasing predator attack rate.Our findings indicate that tree diversity is a key determinant of multitrophic interactions between trees, herbivores and predators in urban environments and that managing tree diversity could contribute to pest control in cities.This article has been peer-reviewed and recommended by Peer Community in Ecologyhttps://doi.org/10.24072/pci.ecology.100061

Published
2020
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6. Host-mediated, cross-generational intraspecific competition in a herbivore species

Author

Hervé Jactel, Yasmine Kadiri, Bastien Castagneyrol, Inge van Halder, and Laura Schillé

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Herbivore, Host (biology), media_common.quotation_subject, Growing season, Zoology, Biology, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Competition (biology), Intraspecific competition, Cydalima perspectalis, Lepidoptera genitalia, 010602 entomology, Crambidae, media_common
Abstract

Conspecific insect herbivores co-occurring on the same host plant interact both directly through interference competition and indirectly through exploitative competition, plant-mediated interactions and enemy-mediated interactions. However, the situation is less clear when the interactions between conspecific insect herbivores are separated in time within the same growing season, as it is the case for multivoltine species. We hypothesized that early season herbivory would result in reduced egg laying and reduced performance of the next generation of herbivores on previously attacked plants. We tested this hypothesis in a choice experiment with box tree moth females (Cydalima perspectalis Walker, Lepidoptera: Crambidae). These females were exposed to box trees (Buxus sempervirens L., Buxaceae) that were either undamaged or attacked by conspecific larvae earlier in the season. We then compared the performance of the next generation larvae on previously damaged vs undamaged plants. Previous herbivory had no effect on oviposition behaviour, but the weight of next generation larvae was significantly lower in previously damaged plants. There was a negative correlation between the number of egg clutches laid on plants by the first generation and the performance of the next generation larvae. Overall, our findings reveal that early season herbivory reduces the performance of conspecific individuals on the same host plant later in the growing season, and that this time-lagged intraspecific competition results from a mismatch between the oviposition preference of females and the performance of its offspring.

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