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4,989 results on '"Yasuda, H."'

1. Grain-size dependence of water retention in a model aggregated soil

Author

Yasuda, H., Katsura, M., and Katsuragi, H.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

We experimentally examined the amount of water retention in a model soil composed of aggregated glass beads. The model soil was characterized by two size parameters: size of aggregates $D$ and size of monomer particles (composing aggregates) $d$. In the experiment, water was sprinkled on the model-soil system that has an open top surface and drainable sieve bottom. When the sprinkled water amount exceeded a threshold (retainable limit), draining flux balanced with the sprinkled flux. The weight variations of retained and drained water were measured to confirm this balanced (steady) state and quantify the retained water. We defined the weight of the retained water in this steady state as $W_0$ and examined the relationship among $W_0$, $d$ and $D$. As a result, it was revealed that $W_0$ increases as $d$ decreases simply due to the capillary effects. Regarding $D$ dependence, it turned out that $W_0$ becomes the maximum around $D\simeq 500$~$\mu$m. The value of $D$ maximizing water retention is determined by the void formation due to the aggregated structure, capillary effect, and gravity., Comment: 7 pages, 8 figures

Published
2022

3. Rabi-Oscillation Spectroscopy of the Hyperfine Structure of Muonium Atoms

Author

Nishimura, S., Torii, H. A., Fukao, Y., Ito, T. U., Iwasaki, M., Kanda, S., Kawagoe, K., Kawall, D., Kawamura, N., Kurosawa, N., Matsuda, Y., Mibe, T., Miyake, Y., Saito, N., Sasaki, K., Sato, Y., Seo, S., Strasser, P., Suehara, T., Tanaka, K. S., Tanaka, T., Tojo, J., Toyoda, A., Ueno, Y., Yamanaka, T., Yamazaki, T., Yasuda, H., Yoshioka, T., and Shimomura, K.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

As a new method to determine the resonance frequency, Rabi-oscillation spectroscopy has been developed. In contrast to the conventional spectroscopy which draws the resonance curve, Rabi-oscillation spectroscopy fits the time evolution of the Rabi oscillation. By selecting the optimized frequency, it is shown that the precision is twice as good as the conventional spectroscopy with a frequency sweep. Furthermore, the data under different conditions can be treated in a unified manner, allowing more efficient measurements for systems consisting of a limited number of short-lived particles produced by accelerators such as muons. We have developed a fitting function that takes into account the spatial distribution of muonium and the spatial distribution of the microwave intensity to apply the new method to ground-state muonium hyperfine structure measurements at zero field. This was applied to the actual measurement data and the resonance frequencies were determined under various conditions. The result of our analysis gives $\nu_{\rm HFS}=4\ 463\ 301.61 \pm 0.71\ {\rm kHz}$, which is the world's highest precision under zero field conditions., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures

Published
2020
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4. Study of muonium emission from laser-ablated silica aerogel

Author

Beare, J., Beer, G., Brewer, J. H., Iijima, T., Ishida, K., Iwasaki, M., Kamal, S., Kanamori, K., Kawamura, N., Kitamura, R., Li, S., Luke, G. M., Marshall, G. M., Mibe, T., Miyake, Y., Oishi, Y., Olchanski, K., Olin, A., Otani, M., Rehman, M. A., Saito, N., Sato, Y., Shimomura, K., Suzuki, K., Tabata, M., and Yasuda, H.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The emission of muonium ($\mu^+e^-$) atoms into vacuum from silica aerogel with laser ablation on its surface was studied with various ablation structures at room temperature using the subsurface muon beams at TRIUMF and Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). Laser ablation was applied to produce holes or grooves with typical dimensions of a few hundred $\mu$m to a few mm, except for some extreme conditions. The measured emission rate tends to be higher for larger fractions of ablation opening and for shallower depths. More than a few ablation structures reach the emission rates similar to the highest achieved in the past measurements. The emission rate is found to be stable at least for a couple of days. Measurements of spin precession amplitudes for the produced muonium atoms and remaining muons in a magnetic field determine a muonium formation fraction of $(65.5 \pm 1.8)$%. The precession of the polarized muonium atoms is also observed clearly in vacuum. A projection of the emission rates measured at TRIUMF to the corresponding rates at J-PARC is demonstrated taking the different beam condition into account reasonably., Comment: 34 pages, 13 figures, submitted to PTEP

Published
2020

7. Compact buncher cavity for muons accelerated by a radio-frequency quadrupole

Author

Otani, M., Sue, Y., Futatsukawa, K., Iijima, T., Iinuma, H., Kawamura, N., Kitamura, R., Kondo, Y., Morishita, T., Nakazawa, Y., Yasuda, H., Yotsuzuka, M., Saito, N., and Yamazaki, T.

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A buncher cavity has been developed for the muons accelerated by a radio-frequency quadrupole linac (RFQ). The buncher cavity is designed for $\beta=v/c=0.04$ at an operational frequency of 324 MHz. It employs a double-gap structure operated in the TEM mode for the required effective voltage with compact dimensions, in order to account for the limited space of the experiment. The measured resonant frequency and unloaded quality factor are 323.95 MHz and $3.06\times10^3$, respectively. The buncher cavity was successfully operated for longitudinal bunch size measurement of the muons accelerated by the RFQ.

Published
2019
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8. A New Approach for Measuring the Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment and Electric Dipole Moment

Author

Abe, M., Bae, S., Beer, G., Bunce, G., Choi, H., Choi, S., Chung, M., da Silva, W., Eidelman, S., Finger, M., Fukao, Y., Fukuyama, T., Haciomeroglu, S., Hasegawa, K., Hayasaka, K., Hayashizaki, N., Hisamatsu, H., Iijima, T., Iinuma, H., Inami, K., Ikeda, H., Ikeno, M., Ishida, K., Itahashi, T., Iwasaki, M., Iwashita, Y., Iwata, Y., Kadono, R., Kamal, S., Kamitani, T., Kanda, S., Kapusta, F., Kawagoe, K., Kawamura, N., Kitamura, R., Kim, B., Kim, Y., Kishishita, T., Ko, H., Kohriki, T., Kondo, Y., Kume, T., Lee, M. J., Lee, S., Lee, W., Marshall, G. M., Matsuda, Y., Mibe, T., Miyake, Y., Murakami, T., Nagamine, K., Nakayama, H., Nishimura, S., Nomura, D., Ogitsu, T., Ohsawa, S., Oide, K., Oishi, Y., Okada, S., Olin, A., Omarov, Z., Otani, M., Razuvaev, G., Rehman, A., Saito, N., Saito, N. F., Sasaki, K., Sasaki, O., Sato, N., Sato, Y., Semertzidis, Y. K., Sendai, H., Shatunov, Y., Shimomura, K., Shoji, M., Shwartz, B., Strasser, P., Sue, Y., Suehara, T., Sung, C., Suzuki, K., Takatomi, T., Tanaka, M., Tojo, J., Tsutsumi, Y., Uchida, T., Ueno, K., Wada, S., Won, E., Yamaguchi, H., Yamanaka, T., Yamamoto, A., Yamazaki, T., Yasuda, H., Yoshida, M., and Yoshioka, T.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

This paper introduces a new approach to measure the muon magnetic moment anomaly $a_{\mu} = (g-2)/2$, and the muon electric dipole moment (EDM) $d_{\mu}$ at the J-PARC muon facility. The goal of our experiment is to measure $a_{\mu}$ and $d_{\mu}$ using an independent method with a factor of 10 lower muon momentum, and a factor of 20 smaller diameter storage-ring solenoid compared with previous and ongoing muon $g-2$ experiments with unprecedented quality of the storage magnetic field. Additional significant differences from the present experimental method include a factor of 1,000 smaller transverse emittance of the muon beam (reaccelerated thermal muon beam), its efficient vertical injection into the solenoid, and tracking each decay positron from muon decay to obtain its momentum vector. The precision goal for $a_{\mu}$ is statistical uncertainty of 450 part per billion (ppb), similar to the present experimental uncertainty, and a systematic uncertainty less than 70 ppb. The goal for EDM is a sensitivity of $1.5\times 10^{-21}~e\cdot\mbox{cm}$., Comment: 24 pages, 14 figures

Published
2019

10. Long-Term Treatment-Free Survival After Multimodal Therapy in a Patient with Stage IV Lung Adenocarcinoma

Author

Takaoka H, Terai H, Emoto K, Shigematsu L, Ito F, Saito A, Okada M, Ohgino K, Ikemura S, Yasuda H, Nakachi I, Kawada I, Fukunaga K, and Soejima K

Subjects
malignant pleural effusion, bevacizumab, pemetrexed, salvage surgery, cure, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Hatsuyo Takaoka,1 Hideki Terai,1 Katsura Emoto,2 Lisa Shigematsu,1 Fumimaro Ito,1 Ayaka Saito,1 Masahiko Okada,1 Keiko Ohgino,1 Shinnosuke Ikemura,3 Hiroyuki Yasuda,1 Ichiro Nakachi,4 Ichiro Kawada,1 Koichi Fukunaga,1 Kenzo Soejima3 1Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; 2Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; 3Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yamanashi University School of Medicine, Yamanashi, Japan; 4Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Utsunomiya, JapanCorrespondence: Hideki Terai, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan, Tel +81-3-3353-3474, Fax +81-3-3353-3475, Email hidekit926@gmail.comAbstract: We report the first case of a patient with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with malignant pleural effusion (MPE) who achieved disease- and treatment-free survival for nearly 10 years. A 50-year-old man was diagnosed with NSCLC with MPE and underwent chemotherapy and salvage thoracic surgery. The patient received chemotherapy with cisplatin, pemetrexed, and bevacizumab, and a partial response was achieved. After informed consent was obtained from the patient, right middle lobectomy was performed to achieve local tumor control. Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with pemetrexed and bevacizumab was discontinued after almost 1 year of chemotherapy due to side effects such as diarrhea and muscle weakness. The patient has survived without recurrence of lung cancer for more than 11 years after being diagnosed and nearly 10 years after discontinuing chemotherapy.Keywords: malignant pleural effusion, bevacizumab, pemetrexed, salvage surgery, cure

Published
2022

12. Kirigami-based Elastic Metamaterials with Anisotropic Mass Density for Subwavelength Flexural Wave Control

Author

Zhu, R., Yasuda, H., Huang, G. L., and Yang, J. K.

Subjects
Physics - Applied Physics, Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter
Abstract

A novel design of an elastic metamaterial with anisotropic mass density is proposed to manipulate flexural waves at a subwavelength scale. The three-dimensional metamaterial is inspired by kirigami, which can be easily manufactured by cutting and folding a thin metallic plate. By attaching the resonant kirigami structures periodically on the top of a host plate, a metamaterial plate can be constructed without any perforation that degrades the strength of the pristine plate. An analytical model is developed to understand the working mechanism of the proposed elastic metamaterial and the dispersion curves are calculated by using an extended plane wave expansion method. As a result, we verify an anisotropic effective mass density stemming from the coupling between the local resonance of the kirigami cells and the global flexural wave propagations in the host plate. Finally, numerical simulations on the directional flexural wave propagation in a two-dimensional array of kirigami metamaterial as well as super-resolution imaging through an elastic hyperlens are conducted to demonstrate the subwavelength-scale flexural wave control abilities. The proposed kirigami-based metamaterial has the advantages of no-perforation design and subwavelength flexural wave manipulation capability, which can be highly useful for engineering applications including non-destructive evaluations and structural health monitoring., Comment: 7 figures

Published
2017

18. The existence of permanent facilities for nuclear disaster medicine progresses the development of manuals regardless of the years of designation elapsed

Author

Ohba, T., Iyama, K., Sato, H., Yasuda, H., Hasegawa, A., Ohba, T., Iyama, K., Sato, H., Yasuda, H., and Hasegawa, A.

Abstract

To ensure the quality of nuclear disaster medical care, facilities are being developed worldwide in the event of a nuclear disaster. However, the relationship between the existence of permanent facilities and the presence or absence of facility operation manuals has not been clarified in the field of nuclear disaster medicine. This study aims to determine the relationships between the existence of permanent facilities, the presence or absence of facility operation manuals and the number of years elapsed since a facility was designated for nuclear disaster medicine. In September 2021, 26 facilities responded to an online questionnaire of the 53 facilities of nuclear disaster-related hospitals (valid response rate of 49.1%) in Japan. The existence of permanent facilities for nuclear disaster medicine was significantly higher in facilities with fewer years of designation than in those with more years of designation. The existence of permanent facilities for nuclear disaster medicine facilitated the organisational awareness of a nuclear disaster, as evidenced by the availability of manuals, regardless of the number of years elapsed since designation. In conclusion, the study suggests that the existence of permanent facilities is an important factor for organisational preparedness for a nuclear disaster.

Published
2024
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19. Effect of Gold Nanoparticle Radiosensitization on Plasmid DNA Damage Induced by High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy

Author

Yogo K, Misawa M, Shimizu M, Shimizu H, Kitagawa T, Hirayama R, Ishiyama H, Furukawa T, and Yasuda H

Subjects
gold nanoparticles, high-dose-rate brachytherapy, dna damage, radiosensitization, 192ir γ-rays, positively charged nanoparticles, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Katsunori Yogo,1 Masaki Misawa,2 Morihito Shimizu,2 Hidetoshi Shimizu,3 Tomoki Kitagawa,3 Ryoichi Hirayama,4 Hiromichi Ishiyama,5 Takako Furukawa,1 Hiroshi Yasuda6 1Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; 2Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; 3Department of Radiation Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; 4National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chiba-shi, Chiba, Japan; 5Graduate School of Medical Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan; 6Department of Radiation Biophysics, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, JapanCorrespondence: Katsunori YogoNagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20 Daiko-Minami, Higashi-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 461-8673, JapanTel +81 52 719 1103Fax +81 52 719 3172Email yogo@met.nagoya-u.ac.jpPurpose: Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are candidate radiosensitizers for medium-energy photon treatment, such as γ-ray radiation in high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy. However, high AuNP concentrations are required for sufficient dose enhancement for clinical applications. Here, we investigated the effect of positively (+) charged AuNP radiosensitization of plasmid DNA damage induced by 192Ir γ-rays, and compared it with that of negatively (−) charged AuNPs.Methods: We observed DNA breaks and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in the presence of AuNPs at low concentrations. pBR322 plasmid DNA exposed to 64 ng/mL AuNPs was irradiated with 192Ir γ-rays via HDR brachytherapy. DNA breaks were detected by observing the changes in the form of the plasmid and quantified by agarose gel electrophoresis. The ROS generated by the AuNPs were measured with the fluorescent probe sensitive to ROS. The effects of positively (+) and negatively (−) charged AuNPs were compared to study the effect of surface charge on dose enhancement.Results: +AuNPs at lower concentrations promoted a comparable level of radiosensitization by producing both single-stranded breaks (SSBs) and double-stranded breaks (DSBs) than those used in cell assays and Monte Carlo simulation experiments. The dose enhancement factor (DEF) for +AuNPs was 1.3 ± 0.2 for SSBs and 1.5 ± 0.4 for DSBs. The ability of +AuNPs to augment plasmid DNA damage is due to enhanced ROS generation. While −AuNPs generated similar ROS levels, they did not cause significant DNA damage. Thus, dose enhancement using low concentrations of +AuNPs presumably occurred via DNA binding or increasing local +AuNP concentration around the DNA.Conclusion: +AuNPs at low concentrations displayed stronger radiosensitization compared to −AuNPs. Combining +AuNPs with 192Ir γ-rays in HDR brachytherapy is a candidate method for improving clinical outcomes. Future development of cancer cell-specific +AuNPs would allow their wider application for HDR brachytherapy.Keywords: gold nanoparticles, high-dose-rate brachytherapy, DNA damage, radiosensitization, 192Ir γ-rays, positively charged nanoparticles

Published
2021

24. Positron tracking detector for J-PARC muon [formula omitted]/EDM experiment

Author

Yamanaka, T., Aoyagi, T., Ikeda, H., Ikeno, M., Ito, T., Ueno, K., Uchida, T., Kawagoe, K., Kishishita, T., Kume, T., Kohriki, T., Saito, N., Sasaki, O., Sata, T., Sato, N., Sato, Y., Shoji, M., Shirabe, S., Suehara, T., Sue, Y., Suda, T., Sendai, H., Takatomi, T., Tanaka, M., Tsukada, K., Tsutsumi, Y., Tojo, J., Namba, K., Nishimura, S., Honda, Y., Matama, M., Mibe, T., Murakami, T., Yasuda, H., and Yoshioka, T.

Published
2020
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26. EP12.03-06 A Retrospective Analysis on the Lung Cancer Specimens for Multi-CDx System in Keio University Hospital

Author

Saito, A., primary, Terai, H., additional, Kim, T.-J., additional, Emoto, K., additional, Kawano, R., additional, Nakamura, K., additional, Hayashi, H., additional, Takaoka, H., additional, Ogata, A., additional, Kinoshita, K., additional, Ito, F., additional, Shigematsu, L., additional, Okada, M., additional, Fukushima, T., additional, Mitsuishi, A., additional, Shinozaki, T., additional, Ohgino, K., additional, Ikemura, S., additional, Yasuda, H., additional, Kawada, I., additional, Soejima, K., additional, Nishihara, H., additional, and Fukunaga, K., additional

Published
2023
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27. P1.06-04 Phenotype Mapping of Patient-Derived Small Cell Lung Cancer Organoids Illuminate Subtype-Specific Therapeutic Vulnerability

Author

Fukushima, T., primary, Yasuda, H., additional, Terai, H., additional, Hamamoto, J., additional, Okada, M., additional, Saito, A., additional, Takaoka, H., additional, Ito, F., additional, Shigematsu, L., additional, Nukaga, S., additional, Ohgino, K., additional, Ikemura, S., additional, Kawada, I., additional, Soejima, K., additional, Fukunaga, K., additional, and Sato, T., additional

Published
2023
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42. Fission Parameters Measurements for Np, Pu, Am, and Cm Isotopes Inside a Salt Blanket Micromodel

Author

Titarenko, Yu. E., Shvedov, O. V., Konev, V. N., Igumnov, M. M., Batyaev, V. F., Karpikhin, E. I., Zhivun, V. M., Koldobsky, A. B., Mulambetov, R. D., Fischenko, D. V., Kvasova, S. V., Fomushkin, E. F., Gavrilov, V. V., Novoselov, G. F., Lopatkin, A. V., Muratov, V. G., Lositskiy, A. F., Kurushin, B. L., Mashnik, S. G., and Yasuda, H.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The MAKET zero-power heavy water reactor has been used at ITEP to measure the fission characteristics of the Np, Pu, Am, and Cm isotopes in the 0.52NaF+0.48ZrF_4 melt-filled salt blanket micromodel. The 237Np(n,f), 238Pu(n,f), 239Pu(n,f), 240Pu(n,f), 241Pu(n,f), 242m^Am(n,f), 243Cm(n,f), 245Cm(n,f), 247Cm(n,f), 238U(n,f), 238U(n,g), 235U(n,f) fission reaction rates have been measured. The neutron spectrum in the isotope irradiation locations was monitored by measuring the rates of the (235U(n,f), 238U(n,g), 55Mn(n,g), 63Cu(n,g), 176Lu(n,g), 197Au(n,g), 115In(n,n'), 27Al(n,4He), and 64Zn(n,p)) reactions whose cross sections have been commonly accepted. The measured functionals are compared with the respective results of MCNP code simulation obtained using the ENDF/B6 and JENDL3.2 neutron databases., Comment: Proc. AccApp'01 & ADTTA'01 "Nuclear Applications in the New Millemmium" Topical Meeting, Reno, Nevada, USA, November 11-15, 2001, 14 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables

Published
2002

44. Cross sections for nuclide production in 1 GeV proton-irradiated 208-Pb

Author

Titarenko, Yu. E., Shvedov, O. V., Batyaev, V. F., Karpikhin, E. I., Zhivun, V. M., Koldobsky, A. B., Mulambetov, R. D., Fischenko, D. V., Kvasova, S. V., Sosnin, A. N., Mashnik, S. G., Prael, R. E., Sierk, A. J., Gabriel, T. A., Saito, M., and Yasuda, H.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

114 cross sections for nuclide production in a 1.0 GeV proton-irradiated thin 208Pb target have been measured by the direct gamma spectrometry method using a high-resolution Ge detector. The gamma spectra were processed by the GENIE-2000 code. The ITEP-developed SIGMA code was used together with the PCNUDAT nuclear decay database to identify the gamma lines and to determine the cross sections. The 27Al(p,x)22Na reaction was used to monitor the proton flux. Results of a feasibility study of the auxiliary 27Al(p,x)24Na and 27Al(p,x)7Be monitor reactions in the 0.07-2.6 GeV proton-energy range are presented as well. Most of the experimental data have been analyzed by the LAHET (with ISABEL and Bertini options), CEM95, CEM2k, INUCL, CASCADE, CASCADE/INPE, and YIELDX codes that simulate hadron-nucleus interactions., Comment: 19 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables, LaTeX, submitted to Phys. Rev. C

Published
2000
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46. Duloxetine in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain in Japan: a randomized, double-blind, noninferiority comparative study with pregabalin

Author

Enomoto H, Yasuda H, Nishiyori A, Fujikoshi S, Furukawa M, Ishida M, Takahashi M, Tsuji T, Yoshikawa A, and Alev L

Subjects
serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain, duloxetine, Japan, noninferiority, pregabalin, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Hiroyuki Enomoto,1 Hitoshi Yasuda,2 Atsushi Nishiyori,3 Shinji Fujikoshi,4 Masashi Furukawa,5 Mitsuhiro Ishida,6 Masashi Takahashi,1 Toshinaga Tsuji,7 Aki Yoshikawa,8 Levent Alev9 1Bio-Medicine, Medicines Development Unit, Eli Lilly Japan K.K, Tokyo, Japan; 2Foundation of Shiga Health Research Center, Shiga, Japan; 3Project Management, Global Development Division, Shionogi & Co. Ltd., Osaka, Japan; 4Statistical Science, Medicines Development Unit, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Kobe, Japan; 5Biostatistics, Biostatistics Department, Shionogi & Co. Ltd., Osaka, Japan; 6Clinical Research Development, Shionogi & Co. Ltd., Osaka, Japan; 7Medical Affairs Department, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan; 8Scientific Communications, Medicines Development Unit, Eli Lilly Japan K.K, Kobe, Japan; 9Eli Lilly, Medical Department, Lilly Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey Purpose: Duloxetine and pregabalin are recommended as first-line treatments for diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain (DPNP). However, studies have not reported a direct comparison between duloxetine and pregabalin. We conducted a postmarketing, randomized, double-blind study to assess the noninferiority of duloxetine compared with pregabalin after 12 weeks of treatment in adult patients with DPNP in Japan (NCT02417935). Patients and methods: Patients (N = 303) with distal symmetrical DPNP were randomized to and were administered duloxetine (40–60 mg/day) or pregabalin (300–600 mg/day). The primary endpoint was the change from baseline in weekly mean of the 24-hour average pain score (numeric rating scale [NRS]). Noninferiority of duloxetine compared with pregabalin was assessed with the primary endpoint at week 12. Secondary measures, including night pain and worst pain, Brief Pain Inventory-Severity and Interference rating short form (BPI-SF), Clinical Global Impression of Improvement (CGI-I), Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I), and Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory (NPSI), health outcome measures (EuroQol 5-Dimension index and VAS), and safety were also assessed. Results: For the 24-hour NRS average pain score, the difference between the duloxetine and pregabalin groups was 0.072 (95% CI: – 0.295, 0.439), and the upper bound of the 95% CI (0.439) did not exceed the predefined noninferiority margin (0.51), at the end of the study period. For secondary outcome measures (night pain, worst pain, BPI-SF, CGI-I, PGI-I, NPSI) and health outcome measures, both the duloxetine and pregabalin treatment groups showed an improvement from baseline with no significant between-group difference. Duloxetine and pregabalin were well tolerated and the safety profiles were consistent with previously reported results. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the noninferior efficacy of duloxetine compared with pregabalin in the treatment of adult patients with DPNP. The safety analyses showed an acceptable tolerability based on safety profiles of duloxetine and pregabalin. Keywords: serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain, duloxetine, Japan, noninferiority, pregabalin

Published
2018

47. Comparison of detection methods of EGFR T790M mutations using plasma, serum, and tumor tissue in EGFR-TKI-resistant non-small cell lung cancer

Author

Kobayashi K, Naoki K, Manabe T, Masuzawa K, Hasegawa H, Yasuda H, Kawada I, Soejima K, and Betsuyaku T

Subjects
epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), T790M mutation, liquid biopsy, serum, plasma, COBAS ver2, PNA-LNA PCR clamp method, sensitivity, specificity, osimertinib, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Keigo Kobayashi,1 Katsuhiko Naoki,1,2 Tadashi Manabe,1 Keita Masuzawa,1 Hanako Hasegawa,1 Hiroyuki Yasuda,1 Ichiro Kawada,1 Kenzo Soejima,1 Tomoko Betsuyaku1 1Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; 2Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan Background: Osimertinib, a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, exerts remarkable effects against EGFR T790M resistance mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer. Identifying T790M mutation by re-biopsy is essential before prescribing osimertinib. Tissue biopsy is the golden standard for this purpose, but several factors limit its success rate. The liquid biopsy with blood, using circulating tumor DNA, has been an alternative method. However, the true biological meaning and equivalence of liquid biopsy and tumor biopsy are still under investigation. Especially, the usefulness of serum samples to detect T790M mutation is not yet been known. Patients and methods: We prospectively evaluated the sensitivity, specificity, and parallelism of the detection of EGFR mutations in tissue re-biopsy and liquid biopsy (plasma and serum), simultaneously, from June 2016 to May 2017. EGFR mutations in tumor re-biopsy were evaluated by COBAS ver2 and PNA-LNA PCR clamp method, and those in liquid biopsy were evaluated with COBAS ver2. Results: Fifteen patients were enrolled. In 10 patients whose EGFR mutation was detected in liquid biopsy, the original EGFR mutation (exon 19 del or L858R) was detected in all patients. Detection of EGFR mutation by COBAS ver2 and by PNA-LNA method was almost the same in tissue re-biopsy. The detection rate of T790M was lower than that of the original EGFR mutation in liquid biopsy compared to that in tissue re-biopsy. The detection of T790M in serum exhibited a higher specificity (67%) and positive predictive value (50%) than that in plasma (50% and 40%, respectively). The detection sensitivity was similar in plasma and serum. Conclusion: Plasma, serum, and tissue genotyping can have complementary roles for detecting EGFR-T790M using COBAS ver2. Repeated tests with different samples and different methods may improve accuracy of T790M detection and will lead to the maximum benefit for the patient. Keywords: EGFR, T790M mutation, liquid biopsy, COBAS ver2, PNA-LNA PCR clamp method, osimertinib

Published
2018

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