Search

Background Limited data are available on the relationship between seasonal factors and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in China. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of seasonal factors on the severity of OSAHS in children. Methods Children presenting with snoring and/or mouth breathing, suspected of having OSAHS, and admitted to the Department of Respiratory Medicine of the Children's Hospital of Soochow University from December 2016 to February 2022 were enrolled in this study. The severity of OSAHS was determined by full-night polysomnography (PSG) in the sleep laboratory. The correlation between seasonal factors and PSG monitoring results was analyzed. Results Of the 589 included patients, 301 cases (51.1%) were diagnosed with OSAHS. Among them, 77 cases (25.6%) were detected in spring, 74 cases (24.6%) were detected in summer, 59 cases (19.6%) were detected in autumn, and 91 cases (30.2%) were detected in winter. There were 238 cases (79.1%) of tonsillitis hypertrophy, 276 cases (91.7%) of adenoid hypertrophy, 215 cases (71.4%) of rhinitis/sinusitis, and 36 cases (12.0%) of asthma. The proportion of rhinitis/sinusitis and tonsillar hypertrophy in spring was higher than that in summer (P = 0.015 and 0.036, respectively), and the proportion of adenoid hypertrophy in winter was higher than that in summer (P = 0.024). The diagnostic rate of severe OSAHS in winter was higher than that in summer (χ2 = 7.053, P = 0.008). The respiratory arousal index in winter was higher than that in summer (H = -39.297, P = 0.018), and the spontaneous arousal index in spring was higher than that in autumn (H = 44.059, P = 0.020). It was found that the rapid eye movement (REM)-apnea index (AI) in spring and winter was higher than that in summer (H = 52.292, -52.554; all P H = -35.570, P = 0.008). The REM-AI in winter and spring was higher than that in summer and autumn, respectively (H = -33.929 and − 38.632; H = 30.665 and 35.368, all P

Purpose: To explore the screening value of the adenoidectomy / nasopharyngeal (A/N) ratio from nasopharyngeal lateral radiography in children with obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods: Children who had visited the respiratory department due to snoring and/or mouth breathing’ were enrolled. Nasopharyngeal lateral radiography and polysomnography (PSG) were performed. PSG monitoring is the gold standard for OSAHS. The differences in PSG monitoring results among different A/N groups were compared, and the correlation between the A/N ratio and PSG monitoring results was analysed. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was plotted to evaluate the screening value of OSAHS in children with the A/N ratio from nasopharyngeal lateral radiography to determine the diagnostic critical point. Results: A total of 425 children were enrolled. A total of 183 patients (43.1%) were diagnosed with OSAHS, including 113 cases (26.6%) of mild OSAHS and 70 cases (16.5%) of moderate to severe OSAHS. A total of 52 patients (12.2%) had an A/N ratio ≤ 0.60, 77 patients (18.1%) had an A/N ratio from 0.61~0.70, 142 patients (33.4%) had an A/N ratio from 0.71~0.80, and 154 patients (36.2%) had an A/N ratio ≥0.80 The patients with moderate-severe OSAHS had a higher A/N ratio than those with mild OSAHS and non-OSAHS. The OAHI, ODI, and the diagnostic rate of OSAHS were higher and the LSaO 2 was lower in the A/N≥0.80 group than in the other three groups. Spearman’s rank correlation showed that the A/N ratio was correlated with OAHI, ODI, and LSaO 2 (r=0.275, 0.227, -0.225, respectively). The area under the ROC curve for the diagnosis of OSAHS by the A/N ratio was 0.659, the critical value was 0.825, and the sensitivity and specificity were 45.1% and 80.9%, respectively. An A/N ratio ≥0.825 was identified as the main influencing factor of OSAHS by logistic multivariable regression analysis. Conclusion: There is a correlation between the degree of adenoid hypertrophy and OSAHS, and an A/N ratio ≥0.825 has good suggestive value for the diagnosis of OSAHS but is not a substitute for PSG.