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A new oxidovanadium(V) complex, [VOL(OCH3)(CH3OH)], where H2L = 4-bromo-N'-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)benzohydrazide, has been synthesized and fully characterized on the basis of CHN elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Structures of the free hydrazone and the complex were further characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, which indicates that the V atom in the complex adopts octahedral coordination, and the hydrazone ligand behaves as a tridentate ligand. The catalytic epoxidation property of the complex was investigated.

It is vital to choose economical and environmentally friendly proton conductive materials to improve the performance of proton exchange membranes, which occupies a unique position in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. This paper reports a new proton conductive nanocomposite, that was named NbO2(OH)-PA prepared from phytic acid (PA) and NbCl5. NbO2(OH)-PA showed an excellent proton conductivity of 135 mS cm−1 at 85 °C and 97% relative humidity. In addition, NbO2(OH)-PA was combined with sulfonated poly (ether ketone) (SPEEK) in different proportions to form proton conductive membranes, that are labeled SPEEK-x NbO2(OH)-PA. SPEEK-0.9% NbO2(OH)-PA exhibited the best proton conductivity of 0.17 S cm−1 at 80 °C in water. This work may provide new ideas for improving proton conductivity of membranes through simple methods.

AIM: To investigate the prevalence of heterophoria and the relationship between heterophoria and refractive error in a school-based study conducted in central China. METHODS: A total of 2363 7(th)-grade children were recruited into the cross-sectional school-based Anyang Childhood Eye Study (ACES) by cluster sampling method. Heterophoria was examined using alternate cover and cover-uncover testing. The Maddox rod and prism test were conducted at 33 cm and 6 m distance fixation. Uncorrected viual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected viual acuity (BCVA) were recorded as logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) with cycloplegic autorefraction by administrating of Mydrin-P and 1.0% cyclopentolate. Hyperopia was defined as the spherical equivalent (SE) refraction of +0.50 D or greater, and higher hyperopia was defined as +2.00 D or greater. Emmetropia was defined as the SE refraction in the range of -0.49 to +0.49 D, and myopia was in the SE refraction range from -0.50 D to less. RESULTS: Totally 2260 students in grade 7 were examined. Response rate among eligible children was 95.64%. Totally 486 children, 22.66% of the population, were diagnosed with heterophoria in which 479 were diagnosed with exophoria at near distance, and 6 with esophoria. Totally 89 (4.15%) children were diagnosed with heterophoria in which 82 had exophoria, and 7 had esophoria at far distance. Exophoria was common at near fixation (22.33%). Myopia was examined to be related to exophoria at near distance (OR 3.03, 95%CI 2.33-3.95) and far distance fixation (OR 1.90, 95%CI 1.09-3.32). CONCLUSION: Exophoria is a predominant heterophoria for 7(th)-grade junior school in central China. Significant associations are discovered between heterophoria and refractive error. Hyperopia is associated with esophoria, and myopia is associated with exophoria.

Nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) and adrenergic activations play roles in promoting cardiac arrhythmia in acute myocardial ischemia but whether N/OFQ and β1-adrenergic activities interact and how they interact in the arrhythmogenesis are still unknown. We designed this study to investigate the potential interaction of N/OFQ and β1-adrenergic activities and the underlying mechanism in arrhythmogenesis in acute myocardial ischemia. Ventricular arrhythmia was evaluated in anaesthetized rats following permanent coronary artery occlusion (CAO), in presence and absence of UFP-101 (a selective antagonist of N/OFQ receptor). The changes of β1-adrenergic receptor (β1-AR) in plasma membrane of cardiomyocytes were quantitatively evaluated and the relations with the alterations of phosphorylated Raf kinase inhibitor protein (p-RKIP) and phosphorylated connexin 43 (p-Cx43) were investigated. The ventricular arrhythmia was 59% less in the animals pre-treated with UFP-101 than the placebo-treated control (difference of means = -2.41; 95% confidence interval (CI) -2.84 to -1.99; P 0.001). Meanwhile, p-RKIP and membrane β1-AR in the myocardium were downregulated by 59% and 24%, respectively (p-RKIP: difference of means = -6.91; 95% CI -8.38 to -5.45; P 0.001; membrane β1-AR difference of means = -27.06; 95% CI -29.89 to -24.23; P 0.001). Artificial upregulation of RKIP by didymin significant increased β1-AR in plasma membrane of the cardiomyocytes in the animals prone to ventricular arrhythmia. The findings may suggest that activation of N/OFQ receptor in acute myocardial ischemia induces upregulation of p-RKIP, externalization of β1-adrenergic receptor and downregulation of p-Cx43 in the cardiomyocytes, which promotes ventricular arrhythmia.

Psychiatric disorder, including bipolar disorder (BD), major depression (MDD), and schizophrenia (SCZ), affects millions of persons around the world. Understanding the disease causal mechanism underlying the three diseases and identifying the modifiable risk factors for them hold the key for the development of effective preventative and treatment strategies. We used a two-sample Mendelian randomization method to assess the causal effect of insomnia on the risk of BD, MDD, and SCZ in a European population. We collected one dataset of insomnia, three of BD, one of MDD, and three of SCZ and performed a meta-analysis for each trait, further verifying the analysis through extensive complementarity and sensitivity analysis. Among the three psychiatric disorders, we found that only insomnia is causally associated with MDD and that higher insomnia increases the risk of MDD. Specifically, the odds ratio of MDD increase of insomnia is estimated to be 1.408 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.210–1.640, p = 1.03E-05] in the European population. The identified causal relationship between insomnia and MDD is robust with respect to the choice of statistical methods and is validated through extensive sensitivity analyses that guard against various model assumption violations. Our results provide new evidence to support the causal effect of insomnia on MDD and pave ways for reducing the psychiatric disorder burden.

Background: Recently, several studies have reported that the host immune response can be related to the RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling pathway. However, the associations of TNFSF11, TNFRSF11A, and TNFRSF11B gene polymorphisms in the RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection outcomes remain unclear.Methods: In this case-control study, 768 persistent HCV infection and 503 spontaneous HCV clearance cases, and 1,259 control subjects were included. The Taman-MGB probe method was utilized to detect TNFSF11 rs9525641, TNFRSF11A rs8686340, and TNFRSF11B rs2073618 genotypes. The distribution of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotypes was analyzed using stata14.0.Results: SNPs rs9525641, rs8086340, and rs2073618 genotype frequencies followed the Hardy-Weinberg natural population equilibrium (p = 0.637, 0.250, and 0.113, respectively). Also, rs9525641 was significantly associated with HCV chronicity risk in recessive (OR = 1.203, 95% CI: 1.018–1.420, p = 0.030) and additive models (OR = 1.545, 95% CI: 1.150–2.075, p = 0.004). The stratified analysis showed that rs9525641 variant genotypes were associated with HCV chronicity among people older than 50 years (OR =1.562, 95% CI: 1.079–2.262, p = 0.018), females (OR = 1.667, 95% CI: 1.145–2.429, p = 0.008), ALT p = 0.018), and AST < 40 U/L (OR = 1.552, 95% CI: 1.095–2.201, p = 0.014).Conclusion:TNFRSF11 rs9525641 was significantly associated with HCV chronicity in the Chinese population.

Introduction Recent animal studies showed that isoflurane exposure may lead to the disturbance of hippocampal neurogenesis and later cognitive impairment. However, much less is known about the effect of isoflurane exposure on the neurons generated form tertiary dentate matrix, even though a great increase of granule cell population during the infantile period is principally derived from this area. Methods To label the new cells originated from the tertiary dentate matrix, the mice were injected with BrdU on postnatal day 6 (P6). Then, the mice were exposed to isoflurane for 4 hr at 1, 8, 21, and 42 days after BrdU injection, and the brains were collected 24 hr later. The loss of newly generated cells/neurons with different developmental stage was assessed by BrdU, BrdU + DCX, BrdU + NeuN, or BrdU + Prox‐1 staining, respectively. Results We found that the isoflurane exposure significantly decreased the numbers of nascent cells (1 day old) and mature neurons (42 days old), but had no effect on the immature (8 days old) and early mature neurons (8 and 21 days old, respectively). Conclusion The results suggested isoflurane exposure exerts the neurotoxic effects on the tertiary dentate matrix‐originated cells with an age‐defined pattern in mice, which partly explain the cognitive impairment resulting from isoflurane exposure to the young brain., Isoflurane exposure exerts neurotoxic effects on the tertiary dentate matrix‐originated cells with an age‐defined pattern in mice. The isoflurane significantly decreased the numbers of nascent cells and mature neurons driven from the tertiary dentate matrix.

A coordination polymer with ordered and non-acidic water-cluster guest molecules, [Zn(cis-chdc)(bpp)]·6H2O (denoted as Zn2-(H2O)12, H2chdc = 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid; bpp = 1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)propane), which captures a kind of (H2O)12 cluster inside the cavity, is found to be an efficient proton conducting solid electrolyte. Zn2-(H2O)12 has a high conductivity of 0.241 mS·cm−1 at 318 K and 95% RH (relative humidity), which is higher than the other kinds of water-only guested coordination polymers (CPs). The configuration of the water clusters has been described and the role it plays in the process of proton transportation has been investigated preliminarily.

The development of new proton-conducting materials that are cost effective and have high proton conductivity and water stability is very important in fuel cell technology. Lanthanide-based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibit proton conduction properties but usually display the problem of poor hydrophilicity. We propose that the organic ligands can be replaced with polyoxometalates, and the as-prepared lanthanide-based inorganic porous materials with lanthanide ions may possess improved hydrophilicity and proton conductivity. Herein, we re-synthesize two inorganic open frameworks based on [MnV13O38]7− clusters and lanthanide ions (H[Ln(H2O)4]2[MnV13O38]·9NMP·17H2O (Ln = Ce (1), and La (2); NMP = N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone)) and explore their potential proton conductivities. Under the same test conditions, both compounds show only a little difference in proton conductivities with the values of 4.68 × 10−3 S cm−1 and 3.46 × 10−3 S cm−1 at 61 °C, respectively, which are much higher than those of the previously reported proton-conducting materials based on lanthanide metal ions. In addition, we also prove their proton-conducting nature by measuring the electron resistance via the Hebb–Wagner polarization technique and proton conduction via the D2O-exchange test. The 3D channel in the two compounds plays a key role in constructing an efficient proton transfer pathway via a hydrogen bonding network.

One area of northern Tarim Basin in China is carbonate reservoir, and the reservoir is between 6600 ~ 6900 m. The bottom hole static temperature is close to 170°C, the ECD of pore pressure is 1.1 ~ 1.15 g/cm3. In order to improve the development economic benefit, reservoir need to adopt horizontal well development. Water-based drilling fluid is required to resistant high temperatures and high salt, prevent leakage of limestone reservoir fracture, control the density, protect the reservoir from damage, and has good rheological properties. For old poly-sulfide drilling fluid system, through the indoor evaluation system of various treatment agent and temperature resistance, authors found that by using polymer viscosities, loss of water and temperature resistance of lubricant can reach 140°C. Therefore authors developed the temperature stability agent and high temperature resistant lubricants. This paper introduces the mechanism of the treatment, and evaluates the performance of synthetic products. Aiming at the shortage of the lubricant, authors develop a blister, crosslinking, good environmental protection and maintain water-based lubricant characteristics of resistance to high temperature lubricant. It has good environmental protection ability. Through the evaluation, it has good lubricity and temperature resistance. By introducing the resistance temperature resistance to high temperature drilling fluid system, and after the application in well H9-10H, new drilling fluid system was carried out, well meet the requirements of drilling engineering.

It is essential and vital to develop high-performance proton-conducting solid electrolyte materials for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), but it remains challenging to design and synthesise such electrolytes with high proton conductivity which are also stable enough to be applied in PEMFCs. Herein, we employed the HCl steam-assisted conversion method to synthesize nonporous coordination complexes with a gradual increase of proton conductivity by stepwise protonation of sulfonated ligands and introduction of halide ions, including [Cu(Hsfpip)(H2O)2]·H2O (1), [CuH2(Hsfpip)2(H2O)] (2) and [CuH(Hsfpip)Cl(H2O)] (3) (where Hsfpip is 2-(2,4-disulfophenyl)imidazo(4,5-f)(1,10)-phenanthroline). We reveal the relationship between the nature of proton conduction and structural features. Three resulting coordination complexes showed high proton conductivity with a maximum value of 1.43 mS cm−1 for 1, 2.58 mS cm−1 for 2 and 15 mS cm−1 for 3 at 95 °C and 97% RH, and meanwhile, we proved their proton conduction nature and electron resistance using D2O-exchange experiments and the Hebb–Wagner polarization method. We believe that these nonporous solid electrolytes intrinsically possess proton carriers and may avoid fuel crossover, which makes them good candidates for PEMFCs in real-life applications.

Developing a new type of high-performing proton-conducting electrolyte associated with proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is one of the attractive and challenging topics in the modern energy field. Here, three coordination compounds have been synthesized via the HCl steaming-assisted conversion approach by using multiple functional groups including the sulfonate group and the Cl− or HPO42− group, namely, Cu2H2(Hspip)2Cl4·H2O (1), Cu(H2spip)Cl2·H2O (2) and CuH(Hspip)(HPO4)·H2O (3) (where H2spip is 2-sulfophenylimidazo(4,5-f)(1,10)-phenanthroline). We disclose the relationship between the structure characteristics and the nature of proton conductivity. The protonated sulfonate group together with the halide Cl− group plays a positive role in increasing proton conductivity; meanwhile, the packing mode of the structure is also an important factor influencing proton conduction. The compounds exhibit high proton conductivity values in the range of 10−4–10−2 S cm−1 at 95 °C and 97% relative humidity (RH), in which compound 2 exhibited the highest value of 1.09 × 10−2 S cm−1 at 97% RH and 368 K.

In order to improve the performance of interstellar autonomous navigation system, an interstellar autonomous navigation system using X-ray pulsar and stellar angle measurement is proposed. In this system, an X-ray detector, which is fixed on a gimbaled axis, is adopted. The detector can point at the different X-ray pulsars that are visible. By augmenting the clock error and the clock drift error as a component of the spacecraft state, the proposed system can correct the clock error of the atomic clock onboard. Furthermore, the observability of the corresponding system is investigated, and the result shows that the system is completely observable at most of time. The proposed system can provide an improved performance than traditional version of celestial navigation system (CNS). Through consequentially measure the difference pulsars, the proposed system can have a satisfactory performance. The proposed navigation system provides a prospective way for the realization of the deep space autonomous navigation system.

Objective: Explore the characteristics of acupoints in the treatment of stroke with complex network and point mutual information method. Methods: The complex network and point wise mutual information system-developed by Chinese academy of Chinese medical sciences wereused to analyze the specific acupoints, compatibility, frequency etc. Results: 174 acumoxibustion prescriptions were collected, including 163 acupoints. among them eighteen acupoints were used more than 30 times such as Hegu (LI4), Zusanli (ST36), Quchi (LI11) and Fengshi (GB31). The combinations of 31 acupoints were used more than 15 times, such as the combination of Quchi (LI11) and Zusanli (ST36), the combination of acupoint Quchi (LI11) and Jianyu(LI15) , Hegu and Quchi (LI11). The most commonly used treatment method for stroke treatment is to dredge the Yangming meridian and Shaoyang meridian through acupuncture the multiple acupoints located on these two meridians.. The commonly used acupoints are mainly distributed in the limbs, head and face. The most commonly used specific acupoint is intersection acupoint. The usage frequency of specific acupoints are higher than that of non-specific acupoints. Conclusion: Dredging the collaterals, dispelling wind-evil and restoring consciousness are the main principle for the treatment of stroke. Specific acupoints in head, face and climbs maybe the main targeted acupoints. Combination of Yang meridians with other meridians is needed to improve the effects. The Yangming meridian and Shaoyang meridian are most used meridians and Hegu (LI4), Quchi (LI11) and Zusanli (ST36) are the most used acupionts.

A business model represents how the various strategies that a firm pursues fit together into a congruent whole. This paper introduces an innovative 6R framework, based on Michael E. Porter's six principles of strategic positioning, to assess current strategies adopted by four typical e-commerce companies in their own business models. To further explain how the 6R framework worked in the strategy-making process, we give a longitudinal study on the JuMei's choices and consequences of the vertical B2C business model, through which its goal of becoming the largest cosmetics sales site is fully reflected, it's profit model is clearly clarified, and it's unique business strategy is simultaneously congruent and powerful. We therefore assume that this framework can be widely applicable as a way to strategize for different companies in e-commerce fields.

Although neuroradiological findings of Möbius syndrome have been reported as a result of brain and brainstem abnormalities, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) now permits the direct imaging of the cranial nerve (CN) and branches in the orbits. This study presents the MRI findings in patients with sporadic Möbius syndrome.Prospectively, CNs were imaged in the cistern using head coils and three dimensional fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition (3D-FIESTA), yielding a 0.5 mm(2) resolution in planes of 0.8 mm thickness in seven patients with sporadic Möbius syndrome. The cavernous and intraorbital segment of the CN and the extraocular muscles (EOMs) were imaged with T1 weighting in all patients. The cavernous segment was imaged in coronal planes, while the intraorbit in quasicoronal planes were imaged using surface coils. Intraorbital resolution was 0.16 mm(2) within 2.0 mm thick planes.In the seven patients, the CN were absent or showed hypoplasia in the cistern, cavernous sinus, and orbit. Abducens (CN VI) and facial (CN VII) nerves were absent on the affected sides. Unilateral CN IX (glossopharyngeal nerve) in two cases displayed dysplasia. Branches from the inferior division of CN III were observed to innervate the lateral rectus (LR) bilaterally in three cases and unilaterally in one case, and had intimate continuity with the LR muscle in two cases bilaterally and two cases unilaterally. Hypoplasia of EOMs was shown in five cases. Dysplasia of the medulla on the left side was found in one patient.Direct imaging of CNs and EOMs by MRI is useful in diagnosis of Möbius syndrome. It can directly demonstrate the abnormalities of the CN and orbital structures. The absence or hypoplasia of CN VI and CN VII may be the most common radiologic features in sporadic Möbius syndrome, and hypoplasia of CN IX may be an associated feature. The abnormality of EOMs and aberrant innervations in the orbit should be observed, and may be important for the study of the etiology.