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Osteoid osteoma (OO) is a relatively common benign skeletal neoplasm of unknown etiology that is composed of osteoid and woven bone. Although, the clinical, radiological and scintigraphic features of OO have been well described, these features may be misleading or altered in the cases of intra-articular involvement. The acetabulum is a relatively uncommon location for OO with a few number of cases reported up to date. We reported a case of a 28-year-old man with intra-articular OO of the hip, located beneath the acetebular rim. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and bone scans were all nonspecific and confusing. We could show the nidus with the help of PET/CT. The final diagnosis and surgical excision can be made 6 months after the first on set of complaints. Intraarticular OO can mimic lots of pathologic entities related to the affected joint, and presents a diagnostic challenge and cause a delay in the diagnosis. The delays in the diagnosis and treatment can be avoided with a high index of suspicion. Furthermore, PET/CT is a useful imaging modality to demonstrate the tumor especially in the intraarticular location even in the absence of a characteristic nidus. Treatment should be individualized according to the surgeon’s preference and the characteristics of the case. [Med-Science 2012; 1(2.000): 131-140]

OBJECTIVE: Uric acid to albumin ratio (UAR) reflects inflammatory activity and its predictive value has been shown in various diseases. In this study, we sought to evaluate the value of uric acid to albumin ratio in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two hundred forty-three PAD patients were divided into Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus-II (TASC-II) A-B and TASC-II C-D groups, according to their TASC-II classification. Biochemical variables of the patients were recorded, and the UAR of each patient was calculated. RESULTS: Patients who had TASC-II A-B disease were younger than the patients who had TASC-II C-D disease (60.7±8.71 vs. 63.28±8.8 years, p=0.024). Quade ANCOVA results showed that patients with TASC-II C-D disease had higher values of UAR when age was used as a covariate (t=-5.045, p<0.001). Lymphocyte count was significantly lower, and UAR was significantly higher in patients with TASC-II C-D disease (p=0.035 and p<0.001, respectively). UAR and lymphocyte count showed a significant positive correlation and a negative correlation with the TASC-II class of the disease (r=0.403, and r=- 0.299, p<0.001 for both). A UAR of 1.54 predicted TASC-II C-D disease with a sensitivity and specificity of 57.9% and 78.8%, respectively. UAR predicted severe PAD with an OR of 3.723. CONCLUSIONS: UAR was a better tool for predicting TASC-II C-D disease compared to uric acid and albumin levels. UAR is an easily calculable parameter that can be used in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the 20th century, smallpox has produced between 300–and 500 million victims. In 1796, Edward Jenner conducted one of the first modern immunizations when he inoculated an 8-year-old boy using material from a cowpox lesion. In 1959, WHO (World Health Organization) launched the Smallpox Eradication Programme. By 1980, WHO declared smallpox officially eradicated. Due to genetic and antigenic similarities between the monkeypox and smallpox viruses, the cessation of smallpox vaccination since 1980′s contributed to the wanning of cross‐protection against monkeypox (mpox). Outbreaks of human mpox has spread across 110 countries.In 1916 and 1952, two major poliovirus outbreaks took place in the USA. The virus killed or paralyzed over half a million people yearly. Introduction of the inactivated polio vaccine (IPV,1955) and oral polio virus (OPV,1963) led to decline in the number of cases by 99.99 %. The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) was launched in 1988 and five of six WHO regions have been certified free of wild polio virus (WPV), except Eastern Mediterranean region. Africa had been declared WPV free, unfortunately cases of paralysis due to wild virus in Malawi and Mozambique were detected having been imported from Pakistan. Outbreaks of circulating Vaccine Derived Polio Virus type 2 (cVDPV2) have expanded in the Eastern Mediterranean and African Region from October 2022 to February 2023. Measles, being one of the most contagious infections, requires high population immunity (>95 %) to impede transmission. In 1963, a measles vaccine became available. Finland was the first country to eradicate measles by using the 2 dose-measles vaccines. The region of the Americas was verified to have eliminated measles in 2000. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted global vaccination activities. Vaccination coverage has fallen from 90 % to 50 % in western countries. Over 30 000 measles cases were reported from 40 WHO European Region members in 2023.