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Stable and efficient SnO2 electrodes are very promising for effectively degrading refractory organic pollutants in wastewater treatment. In this regard, we firstly prepared Ti3+ self‐doped urchin‐like rutile TiO2 nanoclusters (TiO2‐xNCs) on a Ti mesh substrate by hydrothermal and electroreduction to serve as an interlayer for the deposition of Sb−SnO2. The TiO2‐xNCs/Sb−SnO2 anode exhibited a high oxygen evolution potential (2.63 V vs. SCE) and strong ⋅OH generation ability for the enhanced amount of absorbed oxygen species. Thus, the degradation results demonstrated its good rhodamine B (RhB), methylene blue (MB), alizarin yellow R (AYR), and methyl orange (MO) removal performance, with the rate constant increased 5.0, 1.9, 1.9, and 4.7 times, respectively, compared to the control Sb−SnO2 electrode. RhB and AYR degradation mechanisms are also proposed based on the results of high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and quenching experiments. More importantly, this unique rutile interlayer prolonged the anode lifetime sixfold, given its good lattice match with SnO2 and the three‐dimensional concave–convex structure. Consequently, this work paves a new way for designing the crystal form and structure of the interlayers to obtain efficient and stable SnO2 electrodes for addressing dye wastewater problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Development and utilization of hydrogen energy is an effective way to achieve carbon neutrality, only hydrogen production through electrolytic water splitting meets the goal of zero carbon emission. To facilitate the large‐scale commercialization of water splitting devices, the development of highly efficient and low‐cost catalysts to reduce the energy consumption is essential. MoS2 has been regarded as a promising electrocatalyst to replace platinum in hydrogen evolution reaction due to its low price and unique 2D layered structure. However, the poor conductivity and inert basal planes of MoS2 limited its wide‐spread application. Recently, researches have demonstrated that the conductivity and active sites of MoS2 can be improved by heteroatoms doping or constructing of heterogeneous structures. In this review, the recent progress of Mo‐based catalysts are summarized centered on MoS2 based on interface engineering and anion engineering, including MoS2–MoO2, MoS2–Mo2C, MoS2–MoNx, MoS2–MoP, and MoS2–MoSe2. The preparation method, structure, and performance of the catalysts are introduced and the possible mechanism behind the improved catalytic activity are revealed to give readers an overall comprehension on the progress of the Mo‐based electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction. In addition, an outlook on future opportunities and development directions of Mo‐based catalysts are proposed to facilitate the development of Mo‐based catalysts for hydrogen production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Benefiting from the high electrochemical surface area brought by the 2D nanosheet structure, MoS2 has received great research attention for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Recently, it has been demonstrated that by constructing a transitional metal sulfide–MoS2 heterostructure, the HER performance of the MoS2-based catalysts can be further improved. It is even possible to obtain bifunctional catalysts for both HER and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) due to the synergistic effect of the different components in the composite, the electronic effect to enable an efficient electron transfer and appropriate binding energy for the intermediates of the electrocatalytic reactions, and the surface defects on the interface of the heterostructures. Herein, we review the recent progress on the construction of the transitional metal sulfide–MoS2 heterostructure for water splitting based on non-self-supporting and self-supporting catalysts. The surface and interface parameters of the heterostructures are discussed in detail to reveal the key roles of the hybrid structures for energy conversion. We also pay special attention to the theoretical simulations based on first principles to clarify the relationships between the electrochemical performance and structure parameters. Finally, the prospects and challenges of the transition metal sulfide–MoS2 heterostructures for water splitting in the future are proposed to prompt the reasonable design of transition metal sulfide–MoS2 heterostructures for full water splitting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Single‐atom catalysts (SACs) have attracted increasing research interests owing to their unique electronic structures, quantum size effects and maximum utilization rate of atoms. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are good candidates to prepare SACs owing to the atomically dispersed metal nodes in MOFs and abundant N and C species to stabilize the single atoms. In addition, the distance of adjacent metal atoms can be turned by adjusting the size of ligands and adding volatile metal centers to promote the formation of isolated metal atoms. Moreover, the diverse metal centers in MOFs can promote the preparation of dual‐atom catalysts (DACs) to improve the metal loading and optimize the electronic structures of the catalysts. The applications of MOFs derived SACs and DACs for electrocatalysis, including oxygen reduction reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction, carbon dioxide reduction reaction and nitrogen reduction reaction are systematically summarized in this Review. The corresponding synthesis strategies, atomic structures and electrocatalytic performances of the catalysts are discussed to provide a deep understanding of MOFs‐based atomic electrocatalysts. The catalytic mechanisms of the catalysts are presented, and the crucial challenges and perspectives are proposed to promote further design and applications of atomic electrocatalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stable and efficient SnO 2 electrodes are very promising for effectively degrading refractory organic pollutants in wastewater treatment. In this regard, we firstly prepared Ti 3+ self-doped urchin-like rutile TiO 2 nanoclusters (TiO 2-x NCs) on a Ti mesh substrate by hydrothermal and electroreduction to serve as an interlayer for the deposition of Sb-SnO 2 . The TiO 2-x NCs/Sb-SnO 2 anode exhibited a high oxygen evolution potential (2.63 V vs. SCE) and strong ⋅OH generation ability for the enhanced amount of absorbed oxygen species. Thus, the degradation results demonstrated its good rhodamine B (RhB), methylene blue (MB), alizarin yellow R (AYR), and methyl orange (MO) removal performance, with the rate constant increased 5.0, 1.9, 1.9, and 4.7 times, respectively, compared to the control Sb-SnO 2 electrode. RhB and AYR degradation mechanisms are also proposed based on the results of high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and quenching experiments. More importantly, this unique rutile interlayer prolonged the anode lifetime sixfold, given its good lattice match with SnO 2 and the three-dimensional concave-convex structure. Consequently, this work paves a new way for designing the crystal form and structure of the interlayers to obtain efficient and stable SnO 2 electrodes for addressing dye wastewater problems., (© 2022 The Authors. ChemSusChem published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)