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Jing-Xiao Li,1 Jin-Shu Pang,2 Bin-Tong Yin,1 Gang Chen,1 Jun-Hong Chen,1 Jia-Yuan Luo,1 Xia Yang,1 Li-Ting Qin,1 Jiang-Hui Zeng,3 Peng Chen,4 Jia-Bo Chen,4 Deng Tang1 1Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University/Nanning Second People’s Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530031, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530031, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Deng TangDepartment of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-7715356534Email tdnever@163.comPurpose: The molecular mechanisms and signal pathways of ferroptosis in hepatoblastoma (HB) have not yet been clarified. In previous studies, activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) was reported to be correlated with several tumors, but the clinical significance of ATF3 has never been determined. Herein, we investigated the clinicopathological value and mechanisms of ATF3 in regulating ferroptosis in HB.Methods: The mRNA microarray and RNA-sequencing data of 402 samples from our hospital and public databases were used to estimate ATF3 expression and assess its clinical role in HB. The standard mean difference (SMD) and summary receiver operating characteristic curves were utilized to judge the discrimination ability of ATF3 between HB and non-HB liver tissues. We examined the expression variation of ATF3 in HB cells after the treatment with erastin. We also predicted the target genes of ATF3 as a transcriptional factor from public Chromatin Immunoprecipitation-sequencing data and selected the ferroptosis-related genes for a signaling pathway analysis.Results: In ten series, the pooled SMD for ATF3 was − 0.91, demonstrating that ATF3 expression was predominantly lower in HB than in non-HB liver tissues. ATF3 down-regulation showed moderate potential to distinguish HB from non-HB liver tissues (area under curves = 0.83, 95% confidence interval = 0.79– 0.86). Altogether, 4855 putative targets of ATF3 as a transcriptional factor were collected, among which, 60 genes were ferroptosis-related.Conclusion: The down-regulated ATF3 expression may play a vital role in the occurrence of HB possible partially by regulating ferroptosis.Keywords: transcription factor, ATF3, hepatoblastoma, ferroptosis

Background: In the present day, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a formidable threat to human health. Actin-related protein 10 ( ACTR10 ) is related to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance. A comprehensive analysis of ACTR10 in HCC will further our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying this resistance phenomenon, shedding light on potential therapeutic strategies for combating TKI resistance in HCC., Methods: We conducted an integration of high-throughput datasets across various centers, analyzing ACTR10 expression using the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) and assessing its implications through clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) knockout screen. Pathogenic mechanisms were elucidated through enrichment analysis. Prognostic assessment utilized Kaplan-Meier survival and univariate Cox analyses. An integrated analysis of gene expression profiles related to TKI in HCC was conducted, and TKI resistance mechanisms were explored through enrichment analysis. Potential therapeutic drugs were identified using the Drug Gene Budger database and molecular docking techniques., Results: The standardized mean difference (SMD) of 0.34 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.22 - 0.45, P < 0.05) and ACTR10 -dependent growth in HCC cells confirm its upregulation in HCC. The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic (sROC) curve was 0.69, indicating moderate discriminative ability of ACTR10 in HCC patients. ACTR10 exerts its pro-cancer effect by influencing RNA splicing, mRNA processing and nucleocytoplasmic transport. A hazard ratio of 2.19 (95% CI: 1.56 - 3.08, P < 0.05) identifies ACTR10 as an independent prognostic risk factor. Additionally, the SMD of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.01 - 0.76, P < 0.05) validates ACTR10 as a TKI-resistance gene, mediating resistance via enhanced exocytosis, autophagy, and apoptosis in HCC patients. Trichostatin A emerges as a prospective targeted agent for HCC., Conclusion: The upregulation of ACTR10 accelerates HCC progression, promotes TKI resistance, and emerges as a prospective target for the treatment of HCC., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (Copyright 2024, Luo et al.)

Background: Since the start of the 21 st century, prostate cancer with lung metastasis (PCLM) has accumulated significant scientific research output. However, a systematic knowledge framework for PCLM is still lacking., Aim: To reconstruct the global knowledge system in the field of PCLM, sort out hot research directions, and provide reference for the clinical and mechanism research of PCLM., Methods: We retrieved 280 high-quality papers from the Web of Science Core Collection and conducted a bibliometric analysis of keywords, publication volume, and citation frequency. Additionally, we selected differentially expressed genes from global high-throughput datasets and performed enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction analysis to further summarize and explore the mechanisms of PCLM., Results: PCLM has received extensive attention over the past 22 years, but there is an uneven spatial distribution in PCLM research. In the clinical aspect, the treatment of PCLM is mainly based on chemotherapy and immunotherapy, while diagnosis relies on methods such as prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography. In the basic research aspect, the focus is on cell adhesion molecules and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, among others. Traditional treatments, such as chemotherapy, remain the mainstay of PCLM treatment, while novel approaches such as immunotherapy have limited effectiveness in PCLM. This study reveals for the first time that pathways related to coronavirus disease 2019, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and ribosome are closely associated with PCLM., Conclusion: Future research should focus on exploring and enhancing mechanisms such as cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and ribosome and improve existing mechanisms like cadherin binding and cell adhesion molecules., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article., (©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.)

Cyclin B2 (CCNB2) belongs to type B cell cycle family protein, which is located on chromosome 15q22, and it binds to cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) to regulate their activities. In this study, 103 high-throughput datasets related to all subtypes of lung cancer (LC) and cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS) with the data of CCNB2 expression were collected. The analysis of standard mean deviation (SMD) and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) reflecting expression status demonstrated significant up-regulation of CCNB2 in LC and CIS (Lung adenocarcinoma: SMD = 1.40, 95%CI [0.98-1.83], SROC = 0.92, 95%CI [0.89-0.94]. Lung squamous cell carcinoma: SMD = 2.56, 95%CI [1.64-3.48]. SROC = 0.97, 95%CI [0.95-0.98]. Lung small cell carcinoma: SMD = 3.01, 95%CI [2.01-4.01]. SROC = 0.98, 95%CI [0.97-0.99]. CIS: SMD = 0.29, 95%CI [0.05-0.53], SROC = 0.68, 95%CI [0.63-0.71]). Simultaneously, protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis indicated that CCNB2 is the hub molecule of crossed high-expressed genes in CIS and LC. Through Multiscale embedded gene co-expression network analysis (MEGENA), a gene module of CIS including 76 genes was obtained and function enrichment analysis of the CCNB2 module genes implied that CCNB2 may participate in the processes in the formation of CIS and tissue damage caused by CIS, such as "cell cycle," "protein kinase activity," and "glycosphingolipid biosynthesis." Afterward, via single-cell RNA-seq analysis, CCNB2 was found up-regulated on GABAergic neurons in brain organoids as well as T cells expressing proliferative molecules in LUAD. Concurrently, the expression of CCNB2 distributed similarly to TOP2A as a module marker of cell proliferation in cell cluster. These findings can help in the field of the pathogenesis of LC-related CIS and neuron repair after CIS damage., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Li, Yan, Chen, Li, Yang, Wei, He, Yang, Cen, Wang, Liu, Liang, Chen, Yin, Xu and Huang.)

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the performance of the ratio of tuberculosis-specific antigen (TBAg) to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) (TBAg/PHA ratio) in T-SPOT assay in the diagnosis of active tuberculosis (ATB). Methods: Between January 2014 and January 2017, 378 Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) culture positive patients (268 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, 110 extra-pulmonary tuberculosis) and 824 healthy individuals were recruited from Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology. T-SPOT assay was performed and TBAg/PHA ratio was calculated in all the participants. To validate the study, another group of 223 MTB culture positive TB patients with positive T-SPOT results were recruited from Guangzhou Chest Hospital between January 2017 and December 2017. This was a retrospective case-control study and differences between groups were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Results: Of the 378 culture positive ATB patients, 344 patients had positive T-SPOT results. Of the 824 healthy individuals, 204 individuals had positive T-SPOT results. Using healthy individuals as the control group, the sensitivity and specificity of T-SPOT assay in the diagnosis of ATB were 91.0% (344/378) and 75.2% (620/824). Directly using T-SPOT results had a limited accuracy in distinguishing ATB from latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was between 0.7 and 0.8. However, a further calculation of the TBAg/PHA ratio showed a better performance than TBAg in distinguishing these two conditions, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.881 (95% CI: 0.853-0.909). If using the threshold value of 0.234, the sensitivity and specificity of the TBAg/PHA ratio in distinguishing ATB from LTBI were 69.5% (239/344) and 94.12% (192/204). The validation data showed that the performance of the TBAg/PHA ratio in distinguishing ATB from LTBI was also satisfactory, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.901 (95% CI: 0.872-0.931). Furthermore, the TBAg/PHA ratio had an important role in the diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. If using the threshold value of 0.234, the sensitivity and specificity of the TBAg/PHA ratio in the diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis were 79.2% (76/96) and 94.1% (192/204). The area under the ROC curve was 0.932 (95% CI: 0.897-0.967). Conclusions: The TBAg/PHA ratio in T-SPOT assay was better than directly using T-SPOT results in distinguishing ATB from LTBI. This ratio also showed a potential use in the diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis.

The most prominent aspect of multiphase flow is the variation in the physical distribution of the phases in the flow conduit known as the flow pattern. Several different flow patterns can exist under different flow conditions which have significant effects on liquid holdup, pressure gradient and heat transfer. Gas-liquid two-phase flow in an annulus can be found in a variety of practical situations. In high rate oil and gas production, it may be beneficial to flow fluids vertically through the annulus configuration between well tubing and casing. The flow patterns in annuli are different from pipe flow. There are both casing and tubing liquid films in slug flow and annular flow in the annulus. Multiphase heat transfer depends on the hydrodynamic behavior of the flow. There are very limited research results that can be found in the open literature for multiphase heat transfer in wellbore annuli. A mechanistic model of multiphase heat transfer is developed for different flow patterns of upward gas-liquid flow in vertical annuli. The required local flow parameters are predicted by use of the hydraulic model of steady-state multiphase flow in wellbore annuli recently developed by Yin et al. The modified heat-transfer model for single gas or liquid flow is verified by comparison with Manabe's experimental results. For different flow patterns, it is compared with modified unified Zhang et al. model based on representative diameters.

A series of α-triazolyl chalcones were efficiently synthesized. Most of the prepared compounds showed effective antibacterial and antifungal activities. Noticeably, α-triazolyl derivative 9a exhibited low MIC value of 4 μg/mL against MRSA and Micrococcus luteus, which was comparable or even superior to reference drugs. The further research revealed that compound 9a could effectively intercalate into Calf Thymus DNA to form 9a-DNA complex which might block DNA replication to exert their powerful antimicrobial activities. Competitive interactions between 9a and metal ions to Human Serum Albumin (HSA) suggested the participation of Fe(3+), K(+) and Mg(2+) ions in 9a-HSA system could increase the concentration of free 9a, shorten its storage time and half-life in the blood, thus improving its antimicrobial efficacy., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(17)H(10)ClF(2)N(3)O, contains three independent mol-ecules. In each mol-ecule, the C=C bond has a cis conformation with respect to the triazole and chloro-phenyl groups. The dihedral angles formed by the triazole ring with the diflurophenyl and chloro-phenyl benzene rings, respectively, are 20.10 (14) and 73.22 (15), 25.31 (15) and 84.44 (15), and 16.44 (13) and 61.72 (14)° in the three mol-ecules while the dihedral angles between the benzene rings are 66.54 (13), 85.82 (12) and 58.37 (12)°.

In the title mol-ecule, C(16)H(19)BrO(3), all non-H atoms apart from the Br atom are approximately coplanar, with a maximum deviation of 0.242 (4) Å. The C-C-C-Br torsion angle is 66.5 (4)°.

In the title mol-ecule, C(21)H(19)FN(4)O, the triazole ring forms dihedral angles of 67.0 (1) and 59.6 (1)° with the phenyl and fluoro-substituted benzene rings, respectively. The dihedral angle between the phenyl ring and the fluoro-substituted benzene ring is 79.1 (1)°. The pyrrolidine ring is in a half-chair conformation. In the crystal, weak C-H⋯O and C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds connect mol-ecules into layers parallel to (001).

In the title mol-ecule, C(17)H(11)Cl(2)N(3)O, the C=C bond connecting the triazole and 4-chloro-phenyl groups adopts a Z geometry. The dihedral angles formed by the triazole ring and the 4-chloro substituted benzene rings are 67.3 (1) and 59.1 (1)°. The dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 73.5 (1)°.

In the title mol-ecule, C(17)H(10)F(3)N(3)O, the C=C bond connecting the triazole ring and 4-fluoro-phenyl groups adopts a Z conformation. The triazole ring forms dihedral angles of 15.3 (1) and 63.5 (1)°, with the 2,4-difluoro-substituted and 4-fluoro-substituted benzene rings, respectively. The dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 51.8 (1)°.