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Background: Serrated polyps (SP) is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Patients with SP history tend to have SP recurrence. However, the risk factors for metachronous polyps (MP) in those patients are not well established. Methods: Data of colonoscopy were retrospectively reviewed from October 2012 to October 2021. The pathology database, electronic medical records and telephone follow-up data were also observed. Results: A total of 906 patients were studied which consisted of 278 patients with MPs and 628 patients without. Multiplicity of polyps (OR 13.63;95% CI 8.80-21.75), older age (OR 5.71;95% CI 1.87-20.63), abdominal obesity (OR 2.46;95% CI 0.98-6.42), current smoker (OR 2.93;95% CI 1.15-7.83) and sedentary lifestyle (OR 1.41;95% CI 1.22-1.65) are significantly associated with the risk of MPs. Patients with baseline SPP=0.0014). Patients with non-clinically significant SPs whether coexisted with adenoma or not developed HSRGPs while comparing to others (PConclusions: Total number of polyps, older age, sedentary behavior, abdominal obesity and smoking status contributed to the risk of MPs at surveillance colonoscopy. Patients with grade 1 SPs might require closer surveillance. SPs coexisting with conventional adenoma did not increase the risk of MPs but may increase the risk of developing HSRGPs.

The surface of polylactic acid fiber (PLAF) was treated with self - manufactured starch nanocrystals (SNCs) to improve its interfacial adhesion with the starch matrix. Determination of optimum dispersion conditions of SNCs dispersion by transmittance. The effects of direct oscillatory deposition, chemical grafting SNCs modification, and SNCs dispersion concentration on the surface treatment effect of PLAF and its interfacial bonding with starch matrix were investigated. The results showed that the SNCs were successfully introduced into the PLAF surface, moreover, the modifying effect of the chemical grafted SNCs was better than the direct oscillatory deposition, the distribution of SNCs particles was more uniform on the fiber surface, strong chemical bonding to the fiber surface, make up for the surface damage of the fibers caused by aminolysis. At the SNCs dispersion concentration of 10 g/L, the PLAF tensile strength could be maintained at 582 MPa, a large amount of starch was evenly attached to the surface after pulling out. It showed that a strong interface bond with the starch matrix, the highest IFSS value was 2.57 MPa and the increase was by about 63 %. Therefore, the introduction of SNCs for interfacial modification of PLAF is of great significance and deserves further exploration.

Xiao Liang, Kai Wen, Yingxuan Chen, Guangxu Fang, Shengcai Yang, Quanshun Li Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Quanshun Li; Shengcai Yang, Tel/Fax +86-431-85155200, Email quanshun@jlu.edu.cn; yang_shengcai1990@163.comBackground: Oral administration of proteins/peptides is challenging in clinical application due to their instability and susceptibility in the gastrointestinal tract.Materials and Methods: The in situ polymerization on the surface of enzymes was used to encapsulate antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)) in polymeric shells, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging ability was monitored based on DCFH-DA probe using flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The mRNA expression level of pro-inflammatory factors was assessed by real-time qPCR, using lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells as a model. Finally, the enzyme capsules were orally administered for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease using dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mice as a model, based on the evaluation of the disease-associated index, ROS level and pro-inflammatory cytokines’ expression.Results: The enzyme capsules could effectively scavenge the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) through the cascade catalysis of SOD and CAT, and thus protect the cells from ROS-induced oxidative damage. Meanwhile, the enzyme capsules could inhibit the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines from macrophages, thereby achieving favorable anti-inflammation effect. Oral administration of enzyme capsules could facilitate the accumulation of enzymes in the inflamed colon tissues of DSS-induced colitis mice. Moreover, the oral delivery of enzyme capsules could effectively alleviate the symptoms associated with colitis, attributing to the excellent ROS scavenging ability and the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines’ level.Conclusion: In summary, our findings provided a promising approach to construct enzyme-based nano-formulations with favorable therapeutic efficacy and biocompatibility, exhibiting great potential in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases in an oral administration manner.Keywords: antioxidant enzymes, in situ polymerization, oral administration, reactive oxygen species, anti-inflammation, colitis

Supplementary Table S1. Clinical characteristics of healthy subjects and colorectal cancer patients; Supplementary Table S2. Bacterial marker candidates identified by metagenome sequencing; Supplementary Table S3. Primers and probes used in this study; Supplementary Table S4. Abundances of m1704941 (gene maker level, 99.13% identity) and F. nucleatum (species level) in fecal samples of CRC patients by metagenome sequencing; Supplementary Table S5. Abundances of bacterial candidates in fecal samples of CRC patients and healthy control subjects; Supplementary Table S6. Bivariate correlation analysis showing the correlation between bacterial candidates and CRC patients; Supplementary Table S7. The occurrence rates of bacterial candidates in fecal samples of CRC patients and healthy control subjects; Supplementary Table S8. Pairwise comparison of ROC curves; Supplementary Table S9. Correlations of bacterial abundance, FIT with CRC diagnosis and staging; Supplementary Table S11. Combining bacterial markers and FIT in diagnosing CRC.

Supplementary Table S5. Mutation summary in patients.

Purpose: Gut microbiota have been implicated in the development of colorectal cancer. We evaluated the utility of fecal bacterial marker candidates identified by our metagenome sequencing analysis for colorectal cancer diagnosis.Experimental Design: Subjects (total 439; 203 colorectal cancer and 236 healthy subjects) from two independent Asian cohorts were included. Probe-based duplex quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays were established for the quantification of bacterial marker candidates.Results: Candidates identified by metagenome sequencing, including Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), Bacteroides clarus (Bc), Roseburia intestinalis (Ri), Clostridium hathewayi (Ch), and one undefined species (labeled as m7), were examined in fecal samples of 203 colorectal cancer patients and 236 healthy controls by duplex-qPCR. Strong positive correlations were demonstrated between the quantification of each candidate by our qPCR assays and metagenomics approach (r = 0.801–0.934, all P < 0.0001). Fn was significantly more abundant in colorectal cancer than controls (P < 0.0001), with AUROC of 0.868 (P < 0.0001). At the best cut-off value maximizing sum of sensitivity and specificity, Fn discriminated colorectal cancer from controls with a sensitivity of 77.7%, and specificity of 79.5% in cohort I. A simple linear combination of four bacteria (Fn + Ch + m7-Bc) showed an improved diagnostic ability compared with Fn alone (AUROC = 0.886, P < 0.0001) in cohort I. These findings were further confirmed in an independent cohort II. In particular, improved diagnostic performances of Fn alone (sensitivity 92.8%, specificity 79.8%) and four bacteria (sensitivity 92.8%, specificity 81.5%) were achieved in combination with fecal immunochemical testing for the detection of colorectal cancer.Conclusions: Stool-based colorectal cancer–associated bacteria can serve as novel noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers for colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 23(8); 2061–70. ©2016 AACR.

Supplementary Figure S1. Good consistency in quantification of nusG/F. nucleatum (Fn) was achieved by two experimenters using our convenient platform. Two samples with outlier highlevels of Fn were further excluded so as to show more clearly the good consistency even in samples with relatively low levels of Fn. Abundances of Fn were shown in arbitrary unit; Supplementary Figure S2. Contaminant human DNA had little effect on the new qPCR platform. (A) A representative example of qPCR evaluation of the internal control on a mixture of 10 randomly selected fecal samples added with different concentrations of human DNA. (B) A representative example of duplex qPCR evaluation of the internal control and F. nucleatum on a randomly selected fecal sample added with different concentrations of human DNA; Supplementary Figure S3. Metagenome sequencing data showed that combination with other markers improved the diagnostic ability of Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) for colorectal cancer. ROC curves for Fn alone and simple linear combination of all the five selected bacterial marker candidates including Fn, Bacteroides clarus (Bc), Clostridium hathewayi (Ch), one undefined species (labeled as m7), and Roseburia intestinalis (Ri). The best cutoff values that maximize sensitivity and specificity were determined for Fn and 5-markers individually in the metagenome sequencing cohort with 74 CRC patients and 54 controls. AUROC, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value.

Purpose: The role and clinical implication of the transmembrane protein with EGF and two follistatin motifs 2 (TMEFF2) in gastric cancer is poorly understood.Experimental Design: Gene expression profile analyses were performed and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to explore its gene signatures. AGS and MKN45 cells were transfected with TMEFF2 or control plasmids and analyzed for gene expression patterns, proliferation, and apoptosis. TMEFF2 expression was knocked down with shRNAs, and the effects on genome stability were assessed. Interactions between TMEFF2 and SHP-1 were determined by mass spectrometry and immunoprecipitation assays.Results: Integrated analysis revealed that TMEFF2 expression was significantly decreased in gastric cancer cases and its expression was negatively correlated with the poor pathologic stage, large tumor size, and poor prognosis. GSEA in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Jilin datasets revealed that cell proliferation, apoptosis, and DNA damage–related genes were enriched in TMEFF2 lower expression patients. Gain of TMEFF2 function decreased cell proliferation by increasing of apoptosis and blocking of cell cycle in gastric cancer cells. The protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 was identified as a binding partner of TMEEF2 and mediator of TMEFF2 function. TMEFF2 expression positively correlated with SHP-1, and a favorable prognosis was more likely in patients with gastric cancer with higher levels of both TMEFF2 and SHP-1.Conclusion: TMEFF2 acts as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer through direct interaction with SHP-1 and can be a potential biomarker of carcinogenesis. Clin Cancer Res; 20(17); 4689–704. ©2014 AACR.

Supplementary Figure S1. Identification of TMEFF2 as a key regulator in gastric cancer progression and the expression of TMEFF2 decreased in gastric carcinogenesis. Supplementary Figure S2. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) in TMEFF2-higher/lower expression patients. Supplementary Figure S3. The mRNA levels of the top-score tumorigenesis genes were measured in gastric cells after transfection of TMEFF2 overexpression plasmid or siRNA Supplementary Figure S4. Functional impact of TMEFF2 Supplementary Figure S5. Cell proliferation assays were performed in MKN45 cells after overexpression of SHP-1WT/ΔSH2D1/ΔSH2D2/ΔPTPD or these constructs combined with TMEFF2. n = 3, non-parametric Mann-Whitney test. Supplementary Figure S6. Correlation of TMEFF2 and SHP-1 expression in human GC.

Supplementary Table S2. LncRNAs associated with CNVs.

Supplementary Figures S1-S4. Binding of transcription factors to upregulated lncRNAs (S1); P53 mutant R248W transactivated GAPLINC through specifically binding to its promoter (S2); Knockdown of GAPLINC by two different siRNAs respectively inhibited gastric cancer cell proliferation (S3); CD44 could rescue the invasion inhibition effect of GAPLINC knockdown (S4).

Supplementary Methods. Description of additional methods and procedures used in the study.

Objective The topical antispasmodic agent l‐menthol is commonly used for gastric peristalsis suppression during diagnostic upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of a single dose l‐menthol solution in suppressing gastric peristalsis during upper GI endoscopy in Chinese patients. Methods In this phase III, multicenter, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03263910), 220 patients scheduled to undergo upper GI endoscopy at five Chinese referral centers received a single dose of either 160 mg of l‐menthol (n = 109) or placebo (n = 111). Both treatments were sprayed endoscopically on the gastric mucosa. An independent committee evaluated the degree of gastric peristalsis (peristaltic score: grade 1–5). Results At baseline, the proportion of patients with grade 1 peristalsis (no peristalsis) did not differ between the groups. The proportion of patients with grade 1 peristalsis post‐treatment was significantly higher in the l‐menthol group (40.37%, 44/109) versus the placebo group (16.22%, 18/111; P

Entanglement swapping, which is a core component of quantum network and an important platform for testing the foundation of quantum mechanics, can enable the entangling of two independent particles without direct interaction both in discrete variable and continuous variable systems. Conventionally, the realization of entanglement swapping relies on the Bell-state measurement. In particular, for entanglement swapping in continuous variable regime, such Bell-state measurement involves the optic-electro and electro-optic conversion, which limits the applications of the entanglement swapping for constructing broadband quantum network. In this Letter, we propose and demonstrate a measurement-free all-optical entanglement swapping. In our scheme, a high-gain parametric amplifier based on the four-wave mixing process is exploited to realize the function of Bell-state measurement without detection, which avoids the introduction of the optic-electro and electro-optic conversion. Our results provide an all-optical paradigm for implementing entanglement swapping and pave the way to construct a measurement-free all-optical broadband quantum network.

Spine SBRT target delineation is time-consuming due to the complex bone structure. Recently, Elements SmartBrush Spine (ESS) was developed by Brainlab to automatically generate a clinical target volume (CTV) based on gross tumor volume (GTV). The aim of this project is to evaluate the accuracy and efficiency of ESS auto-segmentation.Twenty spine SBRT patients with 21 target sites treated at our institution were used for this retrospective comparison study. Planning CT/MRI images and physician-drawn GTVs were inputs for ESS. ESS can automatically segment the vertebra, split the vertebra into 6 sectors, and generate a CTV based on the GTV location, according to the International Spine Radiosurgery Consortium (ISRC) Consensus guidelines. The auto-segmented CTV can be edited by including/excluding sectors of the vertebra, if necessary. The ESS-generated CTV contour was then compared to the clinically used CTV using qualitative and quantitative methods. The CTV contours were compared using visual assessment by the clinicians, relative volume differences (RVD), distance of center of mass (DCM), and three other common contour similarity measurements such as dice similarity coefficient (DICE), Hausdorff distance (HD), and 95% Hausdorff distance (HD95).Qualitatively, the study showed that ESS can segment vertebra more accurately and consistently than humans at normal curvature conditions. The accuracy of CTV delineation can be improved significantly if the auto-segmentation is used as the first step. Conversely, ESS may mistakenly split or join different vertebrae when large curvatures in anatomy exist. In this study, human interactions were needed in 7 of 21 cases to generate the final CTVs by including/excluding sectors of the vertebra. In 90% of cases, the RVD were within ±15%. The RVD, DCM, DICE, HD, and HD95 for the 21 cases were 3% ± 12%, 1.9 ± 1.5 mm, 0.86 ± 0.06, 13.34 ± 7.47 mm, and 4.67 ± 2.21 mm, respectively.ESS can auto-segment a CTV quickly and accurately and has a good agreement with clinically used CTV. Inter-person variation and contouring time can be reduced with ESS. Physician editing is needed for some occasions. Our study supports the idea of using ESS as the first step for spine SBRT target delineation to improve the contouring consistency as well as to reduce the contouring time.

This article comprehensively uses data isomorphism screening strategy, data difference value upgrading algorithm, multi-column neural network algorithm, etc., based on limited and incomplete data, using the uplink and downlink peak and valley measurement data provided by the measurement nodes of the entire network to achieve Design of self-diagnostic system for electricity consumption information collection system. Results: In terms of metering system failures, power system changes, power theft behavior impact and total sensitivity, the earlier methods of the innovative system achieved 14.3%, 83.7%, 36.3%, and 34.8% increase in computing performance.

The purpose of this work was to use data from a large co-operative group trial to evaluate whether metabolic FDG-PET changes in the heart for lung cancer patients can predict for clinical outcomes. The study found that cardiac SUV changes following definitive chemoradiation are significantly (HR 0.811, 95% CI 0.68-0.96, p = 0.017) associated with overall survival in locally advanced NSCLC patients. If validated in a prospective cohort, our data show the potential for cardiac metabolic changes to be an early predictor for clinical outcomes.

To beat the channel capacity limit of conventional quantum dense coding (QDC) with fixed quantum resources, we experimentally implement the orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexed QDC (MQDC) in a continuous variable system based on a four-wave mixing process. First, we experimentally demonstrate that the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entanglement source coded on OAM modes can be used in a single channel to realize the QDC scheme. Then, we implement the OAM MQDC scheme by using the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entanglement source coded on OAM superposition modes. In the end, we make an explicit comparison of channel capacities for four different schemes and find that the channel capacity of the OAM MQDC scheme is substantially enhanced compared to the conventional QDC scheme without multiplexing. The channel capacity of our OAM MQDC scheme can be further improved by increasing the squeezing parameter and the number of multiplexed OAM modes in the channel. Our results open an avenue to construct high-capacity quantum communication networks.

In the past two decades, the number of reports on the construction of uric acid (UA) sensors has increased dramatically, as it is a vital factor in the diagnosis of physiological functions and diseases. Among these sensors, cascade colorimetric detection based on peroxidase mimics has received great attention owing to the advantages of easier operation and more intuitive results. Herein, we report a simple UA detection method via the integration of urate oxidase (UOx) and PCN-222(Fe) with peroxidase-like activity, in which UOx is immobilized in PCN-222(Fe) by physical adsorption. UOx could catalyze the UA oxidation to produce H2O2, and then PCN-222(Fe) catalyzed the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of H2O2 to generate a blue product with a maximum absorbance at 652 nm. Under optimal conditions, the increasing absorbance at 652 nm was proportional to the UA concentration. The linear range for UA detection was 10-800 μM with a limit of detection of 3.5 μM, and the cascade system has been successfully utilised for the detection of UA in human serum samples to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed method. In conclusion, the cascade catalytic system based on the immobilization of UOx in PCN-222(Fe) has the potential to be used as a rapid and sensitive sensor for UA detection.

MiR-34a, an important tumor suppressor, has been demonstrated to possess great potential in tumor gene therapy. To achieve the upregulation of miR-34a expression level, an oligoethyleneimine (OEI) derivative was constructed and employed as the carrier through the modification with lipoic acid (LA), namely LA-OEI. In contrast to OEI, the derivative LA-OEI exhibited superior transfection efficiency measured by confocal laser scanning microscopy and flow cytometry, owing to rapid cargo release in the disulfide bond-based reduction sensitive pattern. The anti-proliferation and anti-migration effects were tested after the miR-34a transfection to evaluate the anti-tumor response, using human cervical carcinoma cell line HeLa as a model. The delivery of LA-OEI/miR-34a nanoparticles could achieve obvious anti-proliferative effect caused by the induction of cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G1 phase. In addition, it could inhibit the migration of tumor cells via the downregulation of MMP-9 and Notch-1 level. Overall, the LA-OEI-mediated miR-34a delivery was potential to be used as an effective way in the tumor gene therapy.

Background Previously, we developed a prior contour based total variation (PCTV) method to use edge information derived from prior images for edge enhancement in low-dose cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) reconstruction. However, the accuracy of edge enhancement in PCTV is affected by the deformable registration errors and anatomical changes from prior to on-board images. In this study, we develop a hybrid-PCTV method to address this limitation to enhance the robustness and accuracy of the PCTV method. Methods Planning-CT is used as prior images and deformably registered with on-board CBCT reconstructed by the edge preserving TV (EPTV) method. Edges derived from planning CT are deformed based on the registered deformation vector fields to generate on-board edges for edge enhancement in PCTV reconstruction. Reference CBCT is reconstructed from the simulated projections of the deformed planning-CT. Image similarity map is then calculated between reference and on-board CBCT using structural similarity index (SSIM) method to estimate local registration accuracy. The hybrid-PCTV method enhances the edge information based on a weighted edge map that combines edges from both PCTV and EPTV methods. Higher weighting is given to PCTV edges at regions with high registration accuracy and to EPTV edges at regions with low registration accuracy. The hybrid-PCTV method was evaluated using both digital extended-cardiac-torso (XCAT) phantom and lung patient data. In XCAT study, breathing amplitude change, tumor shrinkage and new tumor were simulated from CT to CBCT. In the patient study, both simulated and real projections of lung patients were used for reconstruction. Results were compared with both EPTV and PCTV methods. Results EPTV led to blurring bony structures due to missing edge information, and PCTV led to blurring tumor edges due to inaccurate edge information caused by errors in the deformable registration. In contrast, hybrid-PCTV enhanced edges of both bone and tumor. In XCAT study using 30 half-fan CBCT projections, compared with ground truth, relative errors (REs) were 1.3%, 1.1% and 0.9% and edge cross-correlation were 0.66, 0.68 and 0.71 for EPTV, PCTV and hybrid-PCTV, respectively. Moreover, in the lung patient data, hybrid-PCTV avoided the wrong edge enhancement in the PCTV method while maintaining enhancements of the correct edges. Conclusions Hybrid-PCTV further improved the robustness and accuracy of PCTV by accounting for uncertainties in deformable registration and anatomical changes between prior and onboard images. The accurate edge enhancement in hybrid-PCTV will be valuable for target localization in radiation therapy.

The laws of quantum mechanics forbid the perfect copying of an unknown quantum state, known as the no-cloning theorem. In spite of this, approximate cloning with imperfect fidelity is possible, which opens up the field of quantum cloning. In general, quantum cloning can be divided into discrete variable and continuous variable (CV) categories. In the CV regime, all-optical implementation of the optimal N→M quantum cloning has been proposed in two original parallel works, which involves a parametric amplifier and a set of beam splitters and thus avoids the optic-electro and electro-optic conversions in the current CV quantum cloning technologies. However, such original proposal of all-optical CV optimal N→M quantum cloning scheme has never been experimentally implemented. Here, we show that optimal N→M quantum cloning of coherent states can be realized by utilizing a parametric amplifier based on four-wave mixing process in a hot atomic vapor and a set of beam splitters. In particular, we realize 1→M, 2→M, and 4→M quantum cloning. We find that the fidelity of N→M quantum cloning increases with the decrease of clone number M and the increase of original replica number N. The best cloning fidelity achieved in our experiment is about 93.3% ±1.0% in the 4→5 case. Our results may find potential applications in realizing all-optical high-fidelity quantum state transfer and all-optical high-compatibility eavesdropping attack in quantum communication networks.

Objective Up to now, non-invasive diagnosis of laterally spreading tumor (LST) and prediction of adenoma recurrence after endoscopic resection of LSTs is inevitable. This study aimed to identify a microbial signature with clinical significance of diagnosing LSTs and predicting adenoma recurrence after LSTs colectomy. Methods We performed 16S rRNA sequencing in 24 mucosal samples, including 5 healthy controls (HC), 8 colorectal adenoma (CRA) patients, and 11 LST patients. The differentiating microbiota in fecal samples was quantified by qPCR in 475 cases with 113 HC, 208 CRA patients, 109 LST patients, and 45 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. We identified differentially abundant taxa among cases and controls using linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis. ROC curve was used to evaluate diagnostic values of the bacterial candidates. Pairwise comparison of AUCs was performed by using the Delong’s test. The Mantel-Haenszel hazard models were performed to determine the effects of microbial compositions on recurrence free survival. Results The microbial dysbiosis of LST was characterized by relative high abundance of the genus Lactobacillus-Streptococcus and the species enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF)–Peptostreptococcus stomatis (P. stomatis)–Parvimonas micra (P. micra). The abundance of ETBF, P. stomatis, and P. micra were steadily increasing in LST and CRC groups. P. stomatis behaved stronger value on diagnosing LST than the other two bacteria (AUC 0.887, 95% CI 0.842–0.931). The combination of P. stomatis, P. micra, and ETBF (AUC 0.922, 95% CI 0.887–0.958) revealed strongest diagnostic power with 88.7% sensitivity and 81.4% specificity. ETBF, P. stomatis, and P. micra were associated with malignant LST (PP.stomatis = 0.0015, PP.micra = 0.0255, PETBF = 0.0169) and the abundance of IL-6. The high abundance of P. stomatis was related to the adenoma recurrence after LST resection (HR = 3.88, P = 0.008). Conclusions Fecal microbiome signature (ETBF–P. stomatis–P. micra) can diagnose LSTs with high accuracy. ETBF, P. stomatis, and P. micra were related to malignant LST and P. stomatis exhibited high predictive value on the adenoma recurrence after resection of LSTs. The fecal microbiome signature of LST may provide a noninvasive alternative to early detect LST and predict the adenoma recurrence risk after resections of LSTs.