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1. Metal-enriched Neutral Gas Reservoir around a Strongly Lensed Low-mass Galaxy at z = 4 Identified by JWST/NIRISS and VLT/MUSE

Author: Xiaojing Lin, Zheng Cai, Siwei Zou, Zihao Li, Zuyi Chen, Fuyan Bian, Fengwu Sun, Yiping Shu, Yunjing Wu, Mingyu Li, Jianan Li, Xiaohui Fan, J. Xavier Prochaska, Daniel Schaerer, Stephane Charlot, Daniel Espada, Miroslava Dessauges-Zavadsky, Eiichi Egami, Daniel Stark, Kirsten K. Knudsen, Gustavo Bruzual, and Jacopo Chevallard
Subjects: Circumgalactic medium, Interstellar absorption, Interstellar medium, Metallicity, Metal line absorbers, Stellar populations, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: Direct observations of low-mass, low-metallicity galaxies at z ≳ 4 provide an indispensable opportunity for detailed inspection of the ionization radiation, gas flow, and metal enrichment in sources similar to those that reionized the universe. Combining the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), Very Large Telescope/MUSE, and Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, we present detailed observations of a strongly lensed, low-mass (≈10 ^7.6 M _⊙ ) galaxy at z = 3.98 (also see Vanzella et al.). We identify strong narrow nebular emission, including C iv λ λ 1548, 1550, He ii λ 1640, O iii ] λ λ 1661, 1666, [Ne iii ] λ 3868, [O ii ] λ 3727, and the Balmer series of hydrogen from this galaxy, indicating a metal-poor H ii region (≲0.12 Z _⊙ ) powered by massive stars. Further, we detect a metal-enriched damped Ly α system (DLA) associated with the galaxy with the H i column density of N _H I ≈ 10 ^21.8 cm ^−2 . The metallicity of the associated DLA may reach the supersolar metallicity (≳ Z _⊙ ). Moreover, thanks to JWST and gravitational lensing, we present the resolved UV slope ( β ) map at the spatial resolution of ≈100 pc at z = 4, with steep UV slopes reaching β ≈ −2.5 around three star-forming clumps. Combining with low-redshift analogs, our observations suggest that low-mass, low-metallicity galaxies, which dominate reionization, could be surrounded by a high covering fraction of the metal-enriched, neutral-gaseous clouds. This implies that the metal enrichment of low-mass galaxies is highly efficient, and further supports that in low-mass galaxies, only a small fraction of ionizing radiation can escape through the interstellar or circumgalactic channels with low-column-density neutral gas.
Published: 2023
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2. Mass Reconstruction of Galaxy-scale Strong Gravitational Lenses Using a Broken Power-law Model

Author: Wei Du, Liping Fu, Yiping Shu, Ran Li, Zuhui Fan, and Chenggang Shu
Subjects: Strong gravitational lensing, Gravitational lensing, Galaxy mass distribution, Einstein rings, Galaxy dark matter halos, Galaxy dynamics, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: With mock strong gravitational lensing images, we investigate the performance of the broken power-law (BPL) model proposed by Du et al. ( 2020 ) on the mass reconstruction of galaxy-scale lenses. An end-to-end test is carried out, including the creation of mock strong lensing images, the subtraction of lens light, and the reconstruction of lensed images, where the lenses are selected from the galaxies in the Illustris-1 simulation. We notice that, regardless of the adopted mass models (the BPL model or its special cases), the Einstein radius can be robustly determined from imaging data alone, and the median bias is typically less than 1%. Away from the Einstein radius, the lens mass distribution tends to be harder to measure, especially at radii where there are no lensed images detected. We find that, with rigid priors, the BPL model can clearly outperform the single power-law models by achieving
Published: 2023
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3. Streamlined Lensed Quasar Identification in Multiband Images via Ensemble Networks.

Author: Irham Taufik Andika, Sherry H. Suyu, Raoul Cañameras, Alejandra Melo, Stefan Schuldt, Yiping Shu, Anna-Christina Eilers, Anton Timur Jaelani, and Minghao Yue
Published: 2023
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4. Discovery of two bright high-redshift gravitationally lensed quasars revealed by Gaia

Author: Matthew W. Auger, Cameron A Lemon, Favio Neira, Yiping Shu, Timo Anguita, Christopher Desira, and Richard G. McMahon
Subjects: Physics, catalog, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, gravitational lensing: strong, selection, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, black-hole mass, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, host galaxy, Redshift, Space and Planetary Science, quasars: general, active galactic nuclei, 0103 physical sciences, methods: observational, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, cosmic evolution, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the discovery and preliminary characterisation of two high-redshift gravitationally lensed quasar systems in Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2). Candidates with multiple close-separation Gaia detections and quasar-like colours in WISE, Pan-STARRS, and DES are selected for follow-up spectroscopy with the New Technology Telescope. We confirm DES J215028.71−465251.3 as a $z$ = 4.130 ± 0.006 asymmetric, doubly imaged lensed quasar system and model the lensing mass distribution as a singular isothermal sphere. The system has an Einstein radius of 1.202 ± 0.005 arcsec and a predicted time delay of ∼122.0 d between the quasar images, assuming a lensing galaxy redshift of $z$ = 0.5, making this a priority system for future optical monitoring. We confirm PS J042913.17+142840.9 as a $z$ = 3.866 ± 0.003 four-image quasar system in a cusp configuration, lensed by two foreground galaxies. The system is well modelled using a singular isothermal ellipsoid for the primary lens and a singular isothermal sphere for the secondary lens with Einstein radii 0.704 ± 0.006 and 0.241 ± 0.030 arcsec, respectively. A maximum predicted time delay of 9.6 d is calculated, assuming lensing galaxy redshifts of $z$ = 1.0. Furthermore, PS J042913.17+142840.9 exhibits a large flux ratio anomaly, up to a factor of 2.66 ± 0.37 in i band, that varies across optical and near-infrared wavelengths. We discuss LSST and its implications for future high-redshift lens searches and outline an extension to the search using supervised machine learning techniques.
Published: 2021

5. Discovering strongly lensed QSOs from unresolved light curves

Author: N. Wyn Evans, Yiping Shu, Vasily Belokurov, Belokurov, Vasily [0000-0002-0038-9584], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Subjects: QSOS, Physics, Spacetime, Autocorrelation, gravitational lensing: strong, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Light curve, methods: data analysis, law.invention, Lens (optics), Telescope, Space and Planetary Science, Observatory, law, quasars: general, Time domain, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract: We present a new method of discovering galaxy-scale, strongly-lensed QSO systems from unresolved light curves using the autocorrelation function. The method is tested on five rungs of simulated light curves from the Time Delay Challenge 1 that were designed to match the light-curve qualities from existing, ongoing, and forthcoming time-domain surveys such as the Medium Deep Survey of the Panoramic Survey Telescope And Rapid Response System 1, the Zwicky Transient Facility, and the Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time. Among simulated lens systems for which time delays can be successfully measured by current best algorithms, our method achieves an overall true positive rate of 28--58% for doubly-imaged QSOs (doubles) and 36--60% for quadruply-imaged QSOs (quads) while maintains $\lesssim$10% false positive rates. We also apply the method to observed light curves of 22 known strongly-lensed QSOs, and recover 20% of doubles and 25% of quads. The tests demonstrate the capability of our method for discovering strongly-lensed QSOs from major time domain surveys. The performance of our method can be further improved by analysing multi-filter light curves and supplementing with morphological, colour, and/or astrometric constraints. More importantly, our method is particularly useful for discovering small-separation strongly-lensed QSOs, complementary to traditional imaging-based methods., Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, minor edits to match the MNRAS-published version
Published: 2021

6. Forecast of Observing Time Delay of Strongly Lensed Quasars with the Muztagh-Ata 1.93 m Telescope

Author: Shanhao Zhu, Yiping Shu, Haibo Yuan, Jian-Ning Fu, Jian Gao, Jianghua Wu, Xiangtao He, Kai Liao, Guoliang Li, Xinzhong Er, and Bin Hu
Subjects: Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy and Astrophysics
Abstract: As a completely independent method, the measurement of time delay of strongly lensed quasars (TDSL) are crucial to resolve the Hubble tension. Extensive monitoring is required but so far limited to a small sample of strongly lensed quasars. Together with several partner institutes, Beijing Normal University is constructing a 1.93 m reflector telescope at the Muztagh-Ata site in west China, which has the world class observing conditions with median seeing of 0.″82 and median sky brightness of 21.74 mag arcsec − 2 in V-band during the dark time. The telescope will be equipped with both a three-channel imager/photometer which covers 3500–11,000 Å wavelength band, and a low-medium resolution (λ/δ λ = 500/2000/7500) spectrograph. In this paper, we investigate the capability of the Muztagh-Ata 1.93 m telescope in measuring time delays of strongly lensed quasars. We generate mock strongly lensed quasar systems and light curves with microlensing effects based on five known strongly lensed quasars, i.e., RX J1131-1231, HE 0435-1223, PG 1115+080, WFI 2033-4723 and SDSS 1206+4332. In particular, RX J1131-1231 is generated based on the lens modeling results of Suyu et al. Due to the lack of enough information, the other four systems are calculated by a simple analytical approximation. According to simulations, for RX J1131-like systems (wide variation in time delay between images) the TDSL measurement can be achieved with the precision about Δt = 0.5 day with four seasons campaign length and 1 day cadence. This accuracy is comparable to the up-coming TDCOSMO project. And it would be better when the campaign length keeps longer and with high cadence. As a result, the capability of the Muztagh-Ata 1.93 m telescope allows it to join the network of TDSL observatories. It will enrich the database for strongly lensed quasar observations and make more precise measurements of time delays, especially considering the unique coordinate of the site.
Published: 2023

7. LESSER: a catalogue of spectroscopically selected sample of Lyman-α emitters lensed by galaxies

Author: Liang Gao, Jean-Paul Kneib, Ran Li, Shude Mao, Xiaoyue Cao, Yiping Shu, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Dark matter, acs survey, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, dark matter, cD, galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cd, evolution, emission, 0103 physical sciences, similar-to 0.5, galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, Spectral resolution, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Line (formation), Physics, mass-density profile, gravitational lensing: strong, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, radiation, Baryon, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Space and Planetary Science, Low Mass, discovery, techniques: spectroscopic
Abstract: We introduce the LEnSed laeS in the Eboss suRvey (LESSER) project, which aims to search for lensed Lyman-$\alpha$ Emitters (LAEs) in the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS). The final catalog contains 361 candidate lensing systems. The lens galaxies are luminous red galaxies (LRGs) at redshift $0.4 < z < 0.8$, and the source galaxies are LAEs at redshift $2 < z < 3$. The spectral resolution of eBOSS ($\sim$2000) allows us to further identify the fine structures of Lyman-$\alpha$ ($\rm Ly\alpha$) emissions. Among our lensed LAE candidates, 281 systems present single-peaked line profiles while 80 systems show double-peaked features. Future spectroscopic/imaging follow-up observations of the catalog may shed light on the origin of diverse $\rm Ly\alpha$ line morphology, and provide promising labs for studying low mass dark matter haloes/subhaloes., Comment: 11 Pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, accepted by MNRAS. For catalog data, see https://github.com/caoxiaoyue/search_lensed_laes/tree/master/paper_material/catalog ; For spectra images, see https://github.com/caoxiaoyue/search_lensed_laes/tree/master/paper_material/combine_spectra ; For Lens images, see https://github.com/caoxiaoyue/search_lensed_laes/tree/master/paper_material/image_stamp
Published: 2020

8. The Seventeenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: Complete Release of MaNGA, MaStar, and APOGEE-2 Data

Author: null Abdurro’uf, Katherine Accetta, Conny Aerts, Víctor Silva Aguirre, Romina Ahumada, Nikhil Ajgaonkar, N. Filiz Ak, Shadab Alam, Carlos Allende Prieto, Andrés Almeida, Friedrich Anders, Scott F. Anderson, Brett H. Andrews, Borja Anguiano, Erik Aquino-Ortíz, Alfonso Aragón-Salamanca, Maria Argudo-Fernández, Metin Ata, Marie Aubert, Vladimir Avila-Reese, Carles Badenes, Rodolfo H. Barbá, Kat Barger, Jorge K. Barrera-Ballesteros, Rachael L. Beaton, Timothy C. Beers, Francesco Belfiore, Chad F. Bender, Mariangela Bernardi, Matthew A. Bershady, Florian Beutler, Christian Moni Bidin, Jonathan C. Bird, Dmitry Bizyaev, Guillermo A. Blanc, Michael R. Blanton, Nicholas Fraser Boardman, Adam S. Bolton, Médéric Boquien, Jura Borissova, Jo Bovy, W. N. Brandt, Jordan Brown, Joel R. Brownstein, Marcella Brusa, Johannes Buchner, Kevin Bundy, Joseph N. Burchett, Martin Bureau, Adam Burgasser, Tuesday K. Cabang, Stephanie Campbell, Michele Cappellari, Joleen K. Carlberg, Fábio Carneiro Wanderley, Ricardo Carrera, Jennifer Cash, Yan-Ping Chen, Wei-Huai Chen, Brian Cherinka, Cristina Chiappini, Peter Doohyun Choi, S. Drew Chojnowski, Haeun Chung, Nicolas Clerc, Roger E. Cohen, Julia M. Comerford, Johan Comparat, Luiz da Costa, Kevin Covey, Jeffrey D. Crane, Irene Cruz-Gonzalez, Connor Culhane, Katia Cunha, Y. Sophia Dai, Guillermo Damke, Jeremy Darling, James W. Davidson Jr., Roger Davies, Kyle Dawson, Nathan De Lee, Aleksandar M. Diamond-Stanic, Mariana Cano-Díaz, Helena Domínguez Sánchez, John Donor, Chris Duckworth, Tom Dwelly, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Yvonne P. Elsworth, Eric Emsellem, Mike Eracleous, Stephanie Escoffier, Xiaohui Fan, Emily Farr, Shuai Feng, José G. Fernández-Trincado, Diane Feuillet, Andreas Filipp, Sean P Fillingham, Peter M. Frinchaboy, Sebastien Fromenteau, Lluís Galbany, Rafael A. García, D. A. García-Hernández, Junqiang Ge, Doug Geisler, Joseph Gelfand, Tobias Géron, Benjamin J. Gibson, Julian Goddy, Diego Godoy-Rivera, Kathleen Grabowski, Paul J. Green, Michael Greener, Catherine J. Grier, Emily Griffith, Hong Guo, Julien Guy, Massinissa Hadjara, Paul Harding, Sten Hasselquist, Christian R. Hayes, Fred Hearty, Jesús Hernández, Lewis Hill, David W. Hogg, Jon A. Holtzman, Danny Horta, Bau-Ching Hsieh, Chin-Hao Hsu, Yun-Hsin Hsu, Daniel Huber, Marc Huertas-Company, Brian Hutchinson, Ho Seong Hwang, Héctor J. Ibarra-Medel, Jacob Ider Chitham, Gabriele S. Ilha, Julie Imig, Will Jaekle, Tharindu Jayasinghe, Xihan Ji, Jennifer A. Johnson, Amy Jones, Henrik Jönsson, Ivan Katkov, Dr. Arman Khalatyan, Karen Kinemuchi, Shobhit Kisku, Johan H. Knapen, Jean-Paul Kneib, Juna A. Kollmeier, Miranda Kong, Marina Kounkel, Kathryn Kreckel, Dhanesh Krishnarao, Ivan Lacerna, Richard R. Lane, Rachel Langgin, Ramon Lavender, David R. Law, Daniel Lazarz, Henry W. Leung, Ho-Hin Leung, Hannah M. Lewis, Cheng Li, Ran Li, Jianhui Lian, Fu-Heng Liang, Lihwai Lin, Yen-Ting Lin, Sicheng Lin, Chris Lintott, Dan Long, Penélope Longa-Peña, Carlos López-Cobá, Shengdong Lu, Britt F. Lundgren, Yuanze Luo, J. Ted Mackereth, Axel de la Macorra, Suvrath Mahadevan, Steven R. Majewski, Arturo Manchado, Travis Mandeville, Claudia Maraston, Berta Margalef-Bentabol, Thomas Masseron, Karen L. Masters, Savita Mathur, Richard M. McDermid, Myles Mckay, Andrea Merloni, Michael Merrifield, Szabolcs Meszaros, Andrea Miglio, Francesco Di Mille, Dante Minniti, Rebecca Minsley, Antonela Monachesi, Jeongin Moon, Benoit Mosser, John Mulchaey, Demitri Muna, Ricardo R. Muñoz, Adam D. Myers, Natalie Myers, Seshadri Nadathur, Preethi Nair, Kirpal Nandra, Justus Neumann, Jeffrey A. Newman, David L. Nidever, Farnik Nikakhtar, Christian Nitschelm, Julia E. O’Connell, Luis Garma-Oehmichen, Gabriel Luan Souza de Oliveira, Richard Olney, Daniel Oravetz, Mario Ortigoza-Urdaneta, Yeisson Osorio, Justin Otter, Zachary J. Pace, Nelson Padilla, Kaike Pan, Hsi-An Pan, Taniya Parikh, James Parker, Sebastien Peirani, Karla Peña Ramírez, Samantha Penny, Will J. Percival, Ismael Perez-Fournon, Marc Pinsonneault, Frédérick Poidevin, Vijith Jacob Poovelil, Adrian M. Price-Whelan, Anna Bárbara de Andrade Queiroz, M. Jordan Raddick, Amy Ray, Sandro Barboza Rembold, Nicole Riddle, Rogemar A. Riffel, Rogério Riffel, Hans-Walter Rix, Annie C. Robin, Aldo Rodríguez-Puebla, Alexandre Roman-Lopes, Carlos Román-Zúñiga, Benjamin Rose, Ashley J. Ross, Graziano Rossi, Kate H. R. Rubin, Mara Salvato, Sebástian F. Sánchez, José R. Sánchez-Gallego, Robyn Sanderson, Felipe Antonio Santana Rojas, Edgar Sarceno, Regina Sarmiento, Conor Sayres, Elizaveta Sazonova, Adam L. Schaefer, Ricardo Schiavon, David J Schlegel, Donald P. Schneider, Mathias Schultheis, Axel Schwope, Aldo Serenelli, Javier Serna, Zhengyi Shao, Griffin Shapiro, Anubhav Sharma, Yue Shen, Matthew Shetrone, Yiping Shu, Joshua D. Simon, M. F. Skrutskie, Rebecca Smethurst, Verne Smith, Jennifer Sobeck, Taylor Spoo, Dani Sprague, David V. Stark, Keivan G. Stassun, Matthias Steinmetz, Dennis Stello, Alexander Stone-Martinez, Thaisa Storchi-Bergmann, Guy S. Stringfellow, Amelia Stutz, Yung-Chau Su, Manuchehr Taghizadeh-Popp, Michael S. Talbot, Jamie Tayar, Eduardo Telles, Johanna Teske, Ani Thakar, Christopher Theissen, Andrew Tkachenko, Daniel Thomas, Rita Tojeiro, Hector Hernandez Toledo, Nicholas W. Troup, Jonathan R. Trump, James Trussler, Jacqueline Turner, Sarah Tuttle, Eduardo Unda-Sanzana, José Antonio Vázquez-Mata, Marica Valentini, Octavio Valenzuela, Jaime Vargas-González, Mariana Vargas-Magaña, Pablo Vera Alfaro, Sandro Villanova, Fiorenzo Vincenzo, David Wake, Jack T. Warfield, Jessica Diane Washington, Benjamin Alan Weaver, Anne-Marie Weijmans, David H. Weinberg, Achim Weiss, Kyle B. Westfall, Vivienne Wild, Matthew C. Wilde, John C. Wilson, Robert F. Wilson, Mikayla Wilson, Julien Wolf, W. M. Wood-Vasey, Renbin Yan, Olga Zamora, Gail Zasowski, Kai Zhang, Cheng Zhao, Zheng Zheng, Kai Zhu, Institute of Astronomy [Leuven], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Radboud University [Nijmegen], Department of Physics and Astronomy [Aarhus], Aarhus University [Aarhus], Institute for Astronomy [Edinburgh] (IfA), University of Edinburgh, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC), Universidad de Antofagasta, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Southern Observatory (ESO), Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères = Laboratory for Studies of Radiation and Matter in Astrophysics and Atmospheres (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules (UMR 6213) (UTINAM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews. Centre for Contemporary Art, European Space Agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, and Abdurro'uf, Katherine Accetta, Conny Aerts, Victor Silva Aguirre, Romina Ahumada, Nikhil Ajgaonkar, N. Filiz Ak, Shadab Alam, Carlos Allende Prieto, Andres Almeida, Friedrich Anders, Scott F. Anderson, Brett H. Andrews, Borja Anguiano, Erik Aquino-Ortiz, Alfonso Aragon-Salamanca, Maria Argudo-Fernandez, Metin Ata, Marie Aubert, Vladimir Avila-Reese, Carles Badenes, Rodolfo H. Barba, Kat Barger, Jorge K. Barrera-Ballesteros, Rachael L. Beaton, Timothy C. Beers, Francesco Belfiore, Chad F. Bender, Mariangela Bernardi, Matthew A. Bershady, Florian Beutler, Christian Moni Bidin, Jonathan C. Bird, Dmitry Bizyaev, Guillermo A. Blanc, Michael R. Blanton, Nicholas Fraser Boardman, Adam S. Bolton, Mederic Boquien, Jura Borissova, Jo Bovy, W.N. Brandt, Jordan Brown, Joel R. Brownstein, Marcella Brusa, Johannes Buchner, Kevin Bundy, Joseph N. Burchett, Martin Bureau, Adam Burgasser, Tuesday K. Cabang, Stephanie Campbell, Michele Cappellari, Joleen K. Carlberg, Fabio Carneiro Wanderley, Ricardo Carrera, Jennifer Cash, Yan-Ping Chen, Wei-Huai Chen, Brian Cherinka, Cristina Chiappini, Peter Doohyun Choi, S. Drew Chojnowski, Haeun Chung, Nicolas Clerc, Roger E. Cohen, Julia M. Comerford, Johan Comparat, Luiz da Costa, Kevin Covey, Jeffrey D. Crane, Irene Cruz-Gonzalez, Connor Culhane, Katia Cunha, Y. Sophia Dai, Guillermo Damke, Jeremy Darling, James W. Davidson Jr., Roger Davies, Kyle Dawson, Nathan De Lee, Aleksandar M. Diamond-Stanic, Mariana Cano-Diaz, Helena Dominguez Sanchez, John Donor, Chris Duckworth, Tom Dwelly, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Yvonne P. Elsworth, Eric Emsellem, Mike Eracleous, Stephanie Escoffier, Xiaohui Fan, Emily Farr, Shuai Feng, Jose G. Fernandez-Trincado, Diane Feuillet, Andreas Filipp, Sean P Fillingham, Peter M. Frinchaboy , Sebastien Fromenteau, Lluis Galbany, Rafael A. Garcia, D. A. Garcia-Hernandez, Junqiang Ge, Doug Geisler, Joseph Gelfand, Tobias Geron, Benjamin J. Gibson, Julian Goddy, Diego Godoy-Rivera, Kathleen Grabowski, Paul J. Green, Michael Greener, Catherine J. Grier, Emily Griffith, Hong Guo, Julien Guy, Massinissa Hadjara, Paul Harding, Sten Hasselquist, Christian R. Hayes, Fred Hearty, Jesus Hernandez, Lewis Hill, David W. Hogg, Jon A. Holtzman, Danny Horta, Bau-Ching Hsieh, Chin-Hao Hsu, Yun-Hsin Hsu, Daniel Huber, Marc Huertas-Company, Brian Hutchinson, Ho Seong Hwang, Hector J. Ibarra-Medel, Jacob Ider Chitham, Gabriele S. Ilha, Julie Imig, Will Jaekle, Tharindu Jayasinghe, Xihan Ji, Jennifer A. Johnson, Amy Jones, Henrik Jonsson, Ivan Katkov, Dr. Arman Khalatyan, Karen Kinemuchi, Shobhit Kisku, Johan H. Knapen, Jean-Paul Kneib, Juna A. Kollmeier, Miranda Kong, Marina Kounkel, Kathryn Kreckel, Dhanesh Krishnarao, Ivan Lacerna, Richard R. Lane, Rachel Langgin, Ramon Lavender, David R. Law, Daniel Lazarz, Henry W. Leung, Ho-Hin Leung, Hannah M. Lewis, Cheng Li, Ran Li, Jianhui Lian, Fu-Heng Liang, Lihwai Lin, Yen-Ting Lin, Sicheng Lin, Chris Lintott, Dan Long, Penelope Longa-Pena, Carlos Lopez-Coba, Shengdong Lu, Britt F. Lundgren, Yuanze Luo, J. Ted Mackereth, Axel de la Macorra, Suvrath Mahadevan, Steven R. Majewski, Arturo Manchado, Travis Mandeville, Claudia Maraston, Berta Margalef-Bentabol, Thomas Masseron, Karen L. Masters, Savita Mathur, Richard M. McDermid, Myles Mckay, Andrea Merloni, Michael Merrifield, Szabolcs Meszaros, Andrea Miglio, Francesco Di Mille, Dante Minniti, Rebecca Minsley, Antonela Monachesi, Jeongin Moon, Benoit Mosser, John Mulchaey, Demitri Muna, Ricardo R. Munoz, Adam D. Myers, Natalie Myers, Seshadri Nadathur, Preethi Nair, Kirpal Nandra, Justus Neumann, Jeffrey A. Newman, David L. Nidever, Farnik Nikakhtar, Christian Nitschelm, Julia E. O'Connell, Luis Garma-Oehmichen, Gabriel Luan Souza de Oliveira, Richard Olney, Daniel Oravetz, Mario Ortigoza-Urdaneta, Yeisson Osorio, Justin Otter, Zachary J. Pace, Nelson Padilla, Kaike Pan, Hsi-An Pan, Taniya Parikh, James Parker, Sebastien Peirani, Karla Pena Ramirez, Samantha Penny, Will J. Percival, Ismael Perez-Fournon, Marc Pinsonneault, Frederick Poidevin, Vijith Jacob Poovelil, Adrian M. Price-Whelan, Anna Barbara de Andrade Queiroz, M. Jordan Raddick, Amy Ray, Sandro Barboza Rembold, Nicole Riddle, Rogemar A. Riffel, Rogerio Riffel, Hans-Walter Rix, Annie C. Robin, Aldo Rodriguez-Puebla, Alexandre Roman-Lopes, Carlos Roman-Zuniga, Benjamin Rose, Ashley J. Ross, Graziano Rossi, Kate H. R. Rubin, Mara Salvato, Sebastian F. Sanchez, Jose R. Sanchez-Gallego, Robyn Sanderson, Felipe Antonio Santana Rojas, Edgar Sarceno, Regina Sarmiento, Conor Sayres, Elizaveta Sazonova, Adam L. Schaefer, Ricardo Schiavon, David J Schlegel, Donald P. Schneider, Mathias Schultheis, Axel Schwope, Aldo Serenelli, Javier Serna, Zhengyi Shao, Griffin Shapiro, Anubhav Sharma, Yue Shen, Matthew Shetrone, Yiping Shu, Joshua D. Simon, M. F. Skrutskie, Rebecca Smethurst, Verne Smith, Jennifer Sobeck, Taylor Spoo, Dani Sprague, David V. Stark, Keivan G. Stassun, Matthias Steinmetz, Dennis Stello, Alexander Stone-Martinez, Thaisa Storchi-Bergmann, Guy S. Stringfellow, Amelia Stutz, Yung-Chau Su, Manuchehr Taghizadeh-Popp, Michael S. Talbot, Jamie Tayar, Eduardo Telles, Johanna Teske, Ani Thakar, Christopher Theissen, Daniel Thomas, Andrew Tkachenko, Rita Tojeiro, Hector Hernandez Toledo, Nicholas W. Troup, Jonathan R. Trump, James Trussler, Jacqueline Turner, Sarah Tuttle, Eduardo Unda-Sanzana, Jose Antonio Vazquez-Mata, Marica Valentini, Octavio Valenzuela, Jaime Vargas-Gonzalez, Mariana Vargas-Magana, Pablo Vera Alfaro, Sandro Villanova, Fiorenzo Vincenzo, David Wake, Jack T. Warfield, Jessica Diane Washington, Benjamin Alan Weaver, Anne-Marie Weijmans, David H. Weinberg, Achim Weiss, Kyle B. Westfall, Vivienne Wild, Matthew C. Wilde, John C. Wilson, Robert F. Wilson, Mikayla Wilson, Julien Wolf, W. M. Wood-Vasey, Renbin Yan, Olga Zamora, Gail Zasowski, Kai Zhang, Cheng Zhao, Zheng Zheng, Zheng Zheng, Kai Zhu
Subjects: ABSORPTION-LINE SPECTRA, ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI, anisotropic power spectrum, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Astrophysics - astrophysics of galaxies, absorption-line spectra, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, large-scale structure, OSCILLATION SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY, cluster chemical abundances, reverberation mapping project, Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi, LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE, Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, QB Astronomy, OLD STELLAR POPULATIONS, CLUSTER CHEMICAL ABUNDANCES, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), QC, QB, MCC, FINAL TARGETING STRATEGY, Science & Technology, REVERBERATION MAPPING PROJECT, DAS, Astronomy and Astrophysics, ANISOTROPIC POWER SPECTRUM, oscillation spectroscopic survey, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, final targeting strategy, sdss-iv manga, QC Physics, [PHYS.ASTR.GA]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), active galactic nuclei, Physical Sciences, old stellar populations, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, SDSS-IV MANGA, Astrophysics - instrumentation and methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: Abdurro’uf et al., This paper documents the seventeenth data release (DR17) from the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys; the fifth and final release from the fourth phase (SDSS-IV). DR17 contains the complete release of the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey, which reached its goal of surveying over 10,000 nearby galaxies. The complete release of the MaNGA Stellar Library accompanies this data, providing observations of almost 30,000 stars through the MaNGA instrument during bright time. DR17 also contains the complete release of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 survey that publicly releases infrared spectra of over 650,000 stars. The main sample from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), as well as the subsurvey Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey data were fully released in DR16. New single-fiber optical spectroscopy released in DR17 is from the SPectroscipic IDentification of ERosita Survey subsurvey and the eBOSS-RM program. Along with the primary data sets, DR17 includes 25 new or updated value-added catalogs. This paper concludes the release of SDSS-IV survey data. SDSS continues into its fifth phase with observations already underway for the Milky Way Mapper, Local Volume Mapper, and Black Hole Mapper surveys., This publication uses data generated via the Zooniverse.org platform, development of which is funded by generous support, including a Global Impact Award from Google, and by a grant from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC; https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium). Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement.
Published: 2022

9. Assessing the effect of lens mass model in cosmological application with updated galaxy-scale strong gravitational lensing sample

Author: Yun Chen, Yiping Shu, Ran Li, and Xiaoyue Cao
Subjects: Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Strong gravitational lensing, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Observable, Scale (descriptive set theory), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Omega, Galaxy, Redshift, law.invention, Luminosity, Lens (optics), Space and Planetary Science, law, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: By comparing the dynamical and lensing masses of early-type lens galaxies, one can constrain both the cosmological parameters and the density profiles of galaxies. We explore the constraining power on cosmological parameters and the effect of the lens mass model in this method with 161 galaxy-scale strong lensing systems, which is currently the largest sample with both high resolution imaging and stellar dynamical data. We assume a power-law mass model for the lenses, and consider three different parameterizations for $\gamma$ (i.e., the slope of the total mass density profile) to include the effect of the dependence of $\gamma$ on redshift and surface mass density. When treating $\delta$ (i.e., the slope of the luminosity density profile) as a universal parameter for all lens galaxies, we find the limits on the cosmological parameter $\Omega_m$ are quite weak and biased, and also heavily dependent on the lens mass model in the scenarios of parameterizing $\gamma$ with three different forms. When treating $\delta$ as an observable for each lens, the unbiased estimate of $\Omega_m$ can be obtained only in the scenario of including the dependence of $\gamma$ on both the redshift and the surface mass density, that is $\Omega_m = 0.381^{+0.185}_{-0.154}$ at 68\% confidence level in the framework of a flat $\Lambda$CDM model. We conclude that the significant dependencies of $\gamma$ on both the redshift and the surface mass density, as well as the intrinsic scatter of $\delta$ among the lenses, need to be properly taken into account in this method., Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 17 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Published: 2019

10. HOLISMOKES

Author: Yiping Shu, Raoul Cañameras, Stefan Schuldt, Sherry H. Suyu, Stefan Taubenberger, Kaiki Taro Inoue, and Anton T. Jaelani
Subjects: Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: We carry out a search for strong-lens systems containing high-redshift lens galaxies with the goal of extending strong-lensing-assisted galaxy evolutionary studies to earlier cosmic time. Two strong-lens classifiers are constructed from a deep residual network and trained with datasets of different lens-redshift and brightness distributions. We classify a sample of 5,356,628 pre-selected objects from the Wide-layer fields in the second public data release of the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP) by applying the two classifiers to their HSC $gri$-filter cutouts. Cutting off at thresholds that correspond to a false positive rate of $10^{-3}$ on our test set, the two classifiers identify 5,468 and 6,119 strong-lens candidates. Visually inspecting the cutouts of those candidates results in 735 grade-A or B strong-lens candidates in total, of which 277 candidates are discovered for the first time. This is the single largest set of galaxy-scale strong-lens candidates discovered with HSC data to date, and nearly half of it (331/735) contains lens galaxies with photometric redshifts above 0.6. Our discoveries will serve as a valuable target list for ongoing and scheduled spectroscopic surveys such as the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument, the Subaru Prime Focus Spectrograph project, and the Maunakea Spectroscopic Explorer., Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures + appendices, published on the A&A
Published: 2022

11. SDSS J0909+4449: A large-separation strongly lensed quasar at z ∼ 2.8 with three images

Author: Yiping Shu, N. Wyn Evans, Ismael Perez-Fournon, and Rui Marques-Chaves
Subjects: media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, law, Galaxy group, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, Physics, Simple lens, Mass distribution, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Light curve, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Baryon, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
Abstract: We report the discovery of SDSS J0909$+$4449, an exceptional system consisting of a quasar at $z=2.788$ strongly lensed by a group of galaxies at $z \sim 0.9$ into three images separated by up to 14\arcsec\, based on archival data collected by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, Beijing--Arizona Sky Survey, the Mayall z-band Legacy Survey, and the Gemini Telescope. We discuss two hypotheses on the nature of SDSS J0909$+$4449, i.e. a rare triply-imaged quasar in the naked cusp configuration and a typical quadruply-imaged quasar with the fourth image undetected in the current data. We find that simple lens models can provide excellent fits to the observed image positions and the non-detection under either hypothesis. Deeper imaging data, spectroscopic observations, and follow-up light curve measurements will be helpful in determining which hypothesis is correct and provide better constraints on the lens mass distribution. Nevertheless, given its unusually large image separations, SDSS J0909$+$4449 will be a unique probe for the mass structure and the underlying cooling and stellar feedback processes on group or cluster scales., Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in the MNRAS Letter
Published: 2018

12. FRBs Lensed by Point Masses I. Lens Mass Estimation for Doubly Imaged FRBs

Author: Wenwen Zheng, Yiping Shu, Guoliang Li, and Xuechun Chen
Subjects: Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Point particle, Delayed time, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Observable, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Redshift, law.invention, Lens (optics), Shear (sheet metal), Space and Planetary Science, law, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Point (geometry), Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Shear strength (discontinuity), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are bright radio transient events with durations on the order of milliseconds. The majority of FRB sources discovered so far have a single peak, with the exception of a few showing multiple-peaked profiles, the origin of which is unknown. In this work, we show that the strong lensing effect of a point mass or a point mass $+$ external shear on a single-peak FRB can produce double peaks (i.e. lensed images). In particular, the leading peak will always be more magnified and hence brighter than the trailing peak for a point-mass lens model, while the point-mass $+$ external shear lens model can produce a less magnified leading peak. We find that, for a point-mass lens model, the combination of lens mass $M$ and redshift $z_l$ in the form of $M(1+z_l)$ can be directly computed from two observables -- the delayed time $\Delta t$ and the flux ratio of the leading peak to the trailing peak $R$. For a point-mass $+$ external shear lens model, upper and lower limits in $M(1+z_l)$ can also be obtained from $\Delta t$ and $R$ for a given external shear strength. In particular, tighter lens mass constraints can be achieved when the observed $R$ is larger. Lastly, we show the process of constraining lens mass using the observed values of $\Delta t$ and $R$ of two double-peaked FRB sources, i.e. FRB 121002 and FRB 130729, as references, although the double-peaked profiles are not necessarily caused by strong lensing., Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, ApJ in press
Published: 2021
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13. FRBs Lensed by Point Masses II. The multi-peaked FRBs from the point view of microlensing

Author: Xuechun Chen, Yiping Shu, Guoliang Li, and Wenwen Zheng
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The microlensing effect has developed into a powerful technique for a diverse range of applications including exoplanet discoveries, structure of the Milky Way, constraints on MAssive Compact Halo Objects, and measurements of the size and profile of quasar accretion discs. In this paper, we consider a special type of microlensing events where the sources are fast radio bursts with $\sim$milliseconds (ms) durations for which the relative motion between the lens and source is negligible. In this scenario, it is possible to temporally resolve the individual microimages. As a result, a method beyond the inverse ray shooting (IRS) method, which only evaluates the total magnification of all microimages, is needed. We therefore implement an algorithm for identifying individual microimages and computing their magnifications and relative time delays. We validate our algorithm by comparing to analytical predictions for a single microlens case and find excellent agreement. We show that the superposition of pulses from individual microimages produces a light curve that appears as multi-peaked FRBs. The relative time delays between pulses can reach 0.1--1 ms for stellar-mass lenses and hence can already be resolved temporally by current facilities. Although not yet discovered, microlensing of FRBs will become regular events and surpass the number of quasar microlensing events in the near future when $10^{4-5}$ FRBs are expected to be discovered on a daily basis. Our algorithm provides a way of generating the microlensing light curve that can be used for constraining stellar mass distribution in distant galaxies., Comment: 14 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Published: 2021
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14. The discovery of the most UV–Ly α luminous star-forming galaxy: a young, dust- and metal-poor starburst with QSO-like luminosities

Author: C. Jiménez-Ángel, C. Dalla Vecchia, Yiping Shu, Luis Colina, Takuya Hashimoto, Daniel Schaerer, Ismael Perez-Fournon, Rui Marques-Chaves, J. Álvarez-Márquez, Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu Centro de Astrobiología del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial y CSIC, MDM-2017-0737, Shu, Y. [0000-0002-9063-698X], Dalla Vecchia, C. [0000-0002-2620-7056], Marqués Chaves, R. [0000-0001-8442-1846], Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO), and Spanish State Research Agency (AEI)
Subjects: Gran Telescopio Canarias, SLOPE, SIMILAR-TO 2, Stellar mass, MODELS, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Luminosity, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, REGIONS, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, formation [Galaxies], Galaxy, Redshift, EVOLUTION, Baryon, Gravitational lens, Space and Planetary Science, EMITTERS, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), DENSITY, high redshift [Galaxies], high-redshift [galaxies]
Abstract: We report the discovery of BOSS-EUVLG1 at z = 2.469, by far the most luminous, almost un-obscured star-forming galaxy known at any redshift. First classified as a QSO within the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, follow-up observations with the Gran Telescopio Canarias reveal that its large luminosity, MUV ≃ -24.40 and log(LLyα/erg s-1) ≃ 44.0, is due to an intense burst of star formation, and not to an active galactic nucleus or gravitational lensing. BOSS-EUVLG1 is a compact (reff ≃ 1.2 kpc), young (4-5 Myr) starburst with a stellar mass log(Mz.ast;/M) = 10.0-0.1 and a prodigious star formation rate of ≃1000 M yr-1. However, it is metal- and dust-poor [12 + log(O/H) = 8.13 ± 0.19, E(B - V) ≃ 0.07, log(LIR/LUV) < -1.2], indicating that we are witnessing the very early phase of an intense starburst that has had no time to enrich the ISM. BOSS-EUVLG1 might represent a short-lived (, With funding from the Spanish government through the "María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence" accreditation (MDM-2017-0737)
Published: 2020

15. Rest-frame UV properties of luminous strong gravitationally lensed Ly alpha emitters from the BELLS GALLERY Survey

Author: C. Jiménez-Ángel, Takashi Kojima, R. Shirley, Luis Colina, Antonio D. Montero-Dorta, J. Álvarez-Márquez, Adam S. Bolton, Frédérick Poidevin, S. Geier, Yiping Shu, Rui Marques-Chaves, J. R. Brownstein, Shude Mao, Masamune Oguri, Zheng Zheng, Masami Ouchi, Matthew Cornachione, Ismael Perez-Fournon, Poidevin, F. [0000-0002-5391-5568], Marqués Chaves, R. [0000-0001-8442-1846], Shu, Y. [0000-0002-9063-698X], Shirley, R. [0000-0002-1114-0135], Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI), National Science Foundation (NSF), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN), Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu Centro de Astrobiología del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial y CSIC, Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu Centro de Astrobiología del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial y CSIC, MDM-2017-0737, and Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO)
Subjects: Gran Telescopio Canarias, SIMILAR-TO 2, EMITTING GALAXIES, formation [galaxies], REDSHIFT, Mass growth, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, STELLAR POPULATIONS, ULTRAVIOLET-SPECTRA, 0103 physical sciences, STAR-FORMING GALAXIES, LYMAN-BREAK GALAXY, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ESCAPE FRACTION, Physics, INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, ABSORPTION-LINES, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Rest frame, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), strong [gravitational lensing], high redshift [Galaxies], Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Early phase, high-redshift [galaxies]
Abstract: We present deep rest-frame UV spectroscopic observations using the Gran Telescopio Canarias of six gravitationally lensed Ly¿ emitters (LAEs) at 2.36 < z < 2.82 selected from the BELLS GALLERY survey. By taking the magnifications into account, we show that LAEs can be as luminous as LLy¿ ¿ 30 × 1042 erg s-1 and MUV ¿ -23 (AB) without invoking an AGN component, in contrast with previous findings. We measure Ly¿ rest-frame equivalent widths, EW0 (Ly¿), ranging from 16 to 50 Å and Ly¿ escape fractions, f_esc (Ly¿), from 10 per cent to 40 per cent. Large EW0 (Ly¿) and f_esc (Ly¿) are found predominantly in LAEs showing weak low-ionization ISM absorption (EW0 ¿ 1 Å) and narrow Ly¿ profiles (¿300 km s-1 FWHM) with their peak close (¿80 km s-1) to their systemic redshifts, suggestive of less scatter from low H I column densities that favours the escape of Ly¿ photons. We infer stellar metallicities of Z/Z¿ ¿ 0.2 in almost all LAEs by comparing the P-Cygni profiles of the wind lines N V1240 Å and C IV1549 Å with those from stellar synthesis models. We also find a trend between MUV and the velocity offset of ISM absorption lines, such as the most luminous LAEs experience stronger outflows. The most luminous LAEs show star formation rates up to ¿180 M¿ yr-1, yet they appear relatively blue (ßUV ¿ -1.8 to -2.0) showing evidence of little dust attenuation [E(B - V) = 0.10-0.14]. These luminous LAEs may be particular cases of young starburst galaxies that have had no time to form large amounts of dust. If so, they are ideal laboratories to study the early phase of massive star formation, stellar and dust mass growth, and chemical enrichment histories of starburst galaxies at high-z., With funding from the Spanish government through the "María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence" accreditation (MDM-2017-0737)
Published: 2020

16. Strong-lensing measurement of the total-mass-density profile out to three effective radii for z ∼ 0.5 early-type galaxies

Author: Jiancheng Wang, Rui Li, and Yiping Shu
Subjects: Physics, Effective radius, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Redshift, Galaxy, Einstein radius, Baryon, Gravitation, Distribution (mathematics), Space and Planetary Science, Stellar dynamics, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract: We measure the total-mass-density profiles out to three effective radii for a sample of 63$z$ ∼ 0.5, massive early-type galaxies (ETGs) acting as strong gravitational lenses through a joint analysis of lensing and stellar dynamics. The compilation is selected from three galaxy-scale strong-lens samples, namely the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Emission-Line Lens Survey (BELLS), the BELLS for GALaxy-Lyα EmitteR sYstems Survey (BELLS GALLERY), and the Strong Lensing Legacy Survey (SL2S). Utilizing the wide source-redshift coverage (0.8–3.5) provided by these three samples, we build a statistically significant ensemble of massive ETGs for which robust mass measurements can be achieved within a broad range of Einstein radii up to three effective radii. Characterizing the three-dimensional total-mass-density distribution by a power-law profile as ρ ∝ r−γ, we find that the average logarithmic density slope for the entire sample is $\langle \gamma \rangle =2.000_{-0.032}^{+0.033}$ (68 per cent CL) with an intrinsic scatter of $\delta =0.180_{-0.028}^{+0.032}$. Further parametrizing 〈γ〉 as a function of redshift $z$ and the ratio of Einstein radius to effective radius Rein/Reff, we find that the average density distributions of these massive ETGs become steeper at later cosmic times and at larger radii, with magnitudes $\mathrm{d} \langle \gamma \rangle / \mathrm{d}z=-0.309_{-0.160}^{+0.166}$ and $\mathrm{d} \langle \gamma \rangle / \mathrm{d} \log _{10} ({R_{\rm ein}}/{R_{\rm eff}})=0.194_{-0.083}^{+0.092}$.
Published: 2018

17. The first detection of neutral hydrogen in emission in a strong spiral lens

Author: Roger Blandford, Melvyn Wright, Yiping Shu, Carl Heiles, W. D. Cotton, Sukanya Chakrabarti, Andrew Lipnicky, Leo Blitz, Adam S. Bolton, and David T. Frayer
Subjects: Very large array, Physics, Spiral galaxy, Hydrogen, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Observable, Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, law.invention, Lens (optics), Jansky, chemistry, Space and Planetary Science, law, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Spiral
Abstract: We report HI observations of eight spiral galaxies that are strongly lensing background sources. Our targets were selected from the Sloan WFC (Wide Field Camera) Edge-on Late-type Lens Survey (SWELLS) using the Arecibo, Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array, and Green Bank telescopes. We securely detect J1703+2451 at z=0.063 with a signal-to-noise of 6.7 and W50=79+/-13 km/s, obtaining the first detection of HI emission in a strong spiral lens. We measure a mass of M(HI)= 1.77+/-0.06(+0.35/-0.75) x 10^9 M_(sol) for this source. We find that this lens is a normal spiral, with observable properties that are fairly typical of spiral galaxies. For three other sources we did not secure a detection; however, we are able to place strong constraints on the HI masses of those galaxies. The observations for four of our sources were rendered unusable due to strong radio frequency interference., Comment: Accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS), 10 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2018

18. Erratum: 'Prediction of Supernova Rates in Known Galaxy–Galaxy Strong-lens Systems' (2018, ApJ, 864, 91)

Author: Yiping Shu, Shude Mao, Adam S. Bolton, Monika Soraisam, Xi Kang, and Guoliang Li
Subjects: Physics, Supernova, Space and Planetary Science, Lens (geology), Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Galaxy
Published: 2021

19. Discovery of a giant and luminous Lya+CIV+HeII nebula at z=3.326 with extreme emission line ratios

Author: P. Martinez-Navajas, Ismael Perez-Fournon, Dimitra Rigopoulou, Hooshang Nayyeri, Antonio Cabrera-Lavers, Dominik Riechers, C. Jiménez-Ángel, M. Villar-Martín, Asantha Cooray, Duncan Farrah, Luis Colina, David L. Clements, Rob Ivison, Alain Omont, S. J. Oliver, Yiping Shu, Julie Wardlow, Raphael Gavazzi, Rui Marques-Chaves, Douglas Scott, AUTRES, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Department of Physics [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Department of Astronomy, University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California-University of California, Department of Physics, Durham University, California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Astronomy Centre, University of Sussex, Royal Observatory Edinburgh (ROE), and University of Edinburgh
Subjects: Physics, Nebula, Active galactic nucleus, Stellar mass, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Photoionization, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Electron temperature, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Emission spectrum, Halo, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the discovery of HLock01-LAB, a luminous and large Lya nebula at z=3.326. Medium-band imaging and long-slit spectroscopic observations with the Gran Telescopio Canarias reveal extended emission in the Lya 1215\AA, CIV1550\AA, and HeII 1640\AA lines over ~100kpc, and a total luminosity L(Lya)=(6.4+/-0.1)x10^44 erg s^-1. HLock01-LAB presents an elongated morphology aligned with two faint radio sources contained within the central ~8kpc of the nebula. The radio structures are consistent to be faint radio jets or lobes of a central galaxy, whose spectrum shows nebular emission characteristic of a type-II active galactic nucleus (AGN). The continuum emission of the AGN at short wavelengths is, however, likely dominated by stellar emission of the host galaxy, for which we derive a stellar mass M* = 2.3x10^11 Msun. The detection of extended emission in CIV and CIII] indicates that the gas within the nebula is not primordial. Feedback may have enriched the halo at at least 50 kpc from the nuclear region. Using rest-frame UV emission-line diagnostics, we find that the gas in the nebula is likely heated by the AGN. Nevertheless, at the center of the nebula we find extreme emission line ratios of Lya/CIV~60 and Lya/HeII~80, one of the highest values measured to date, and well above the standard values of photoionization models (Lya/HeII~30 for case B photoionization). Our data suggest that jet-induced shocks are likely responsible for the increase of the electron temperature and, thus, the observed Lya enhancement in the center of the nebula. This scenario is further supported by the presence of radio structures and perturbed kinematics in this region. The large Lya luminosity in HLock01-LAB is likely due to a combination of AGN photoionization and jet-induced shocks, highlighting the diversity of sources of energy powering Lya nebulae. [abridged], Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A. Abstract abridged for arXiv submission
Published: 2019
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20. Catalogues of active galactic nuclei from Gaia and unWISE data

Author: Vasily Belokurov, Matthew W. Auger, N. Wyn Evans, Sergey E. Koposov, Yiping Shu, C. Lemon, Richard G. McMahon, Koposov, Sergey [0000-0003-2644-135X], Evans, Wyn [0000-0002-5981-7360], Belokurov, Vasily [0000-0002-0038-9584], McMahon, Richard [0000-0001-8447-8869], Lemon, Cameron [0000-0003-2456-9317], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Subjects: Active galactic nucleus, media_common.quotation_subject, galaxies: active, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Photometry (optics), quasars: general, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, catalogues, Photometric redshift, media_common, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Light curve, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Data release
Abstract: We present two catalogues of active galactic nucleus (AGN) candidates selected from the latest data of two all-sky surveys -- Data Release 2 (DR2) of the \emph{Gaia} mission and the unWISE catalogue of the \emph{Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer} (\emph{WISE}). We train a random forest classifier to predict the probability of each source in the \emph{Gaia}-unWISE joint sample being an AGN, $P_{\rm RF}$, based on \emph{Gaia} astrometric and photometric measurements and unWISE photometry. The two catalogues, which we designate C75 and R85, are constructed by applying different $P_{\rm RF}$ threshold cuts to achieve an overall completeness of 75\% ($\approx$90\% at \emph{Gaia} $G\leq20$ mag) and reliability of 85\% respectively. The C75 (R85) catalogue contains 2,734,464 (2,182,193) AGN candidates across the effective 36,000 deg$^2$ sky, of which $\approx$0.91 (0.52) million are new discoveries. Photometric redshifts of the AGN candidates are derived by a random forest regressor using \emph{Gaia} and \emph{WISE} magnitudes and colours. The estimated overall photometric redshift accuracy is 0.11. Cross-matching the AGN candidates with a sample of known bright cluster galaxies, we identify a high-probability strongly-lensed AGN candidate system, SDSS\,J1326$+$4806, with a large image separation of 21\farcs06. All the AGN candidates in our catalogues will have $\sim$5-year long light curves from \emph{Gaia} by the end of the mission, and thus will be a great resource for AGN variability studies. Our AGN catalogues will also be helpful in AGN target selections for future spectroscopic surveys, especially ones in the southern hemisphere. The C75 catalogue can be downloaded at https://zenodo.org/record/6837642#.YtEgjy8RrzI., 18 pages+appendices, 11 figures, 2 tables, published by the MNRAS. The previous link to the catalogue is no longer valid. The C75 catalogue can be downloaded from this new link: at https://zenodo.org/record/6837642#.YtEgjy8RrzI
Published: 2019

21. An accurate analytic mass model for lensing galaxies

Author: Wei Du, Gong-Bo Zhao, Zuhui Fan, Yiping Shu, Shude Mao, and Ran Li
Subjects: Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Aperture, Model prediction, Mass deficit, Magnification, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Computational physics, Deflection angle, Distribution (mathematics), Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Surface mass, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We develop an analytic mass model for lensing galaxies, based on a broken power-law (BPL) density profile, which is a power-law profile with a mass deficit or surplus in the central region. Under the assumption of an elliptically symmetric surface mass distribution, the deflection angle and magnification can be evaluated analytically for this new model. We compute the theoretical prediction for various quantities, including the volume and surface mass density profiles of the galaxies, and the aperture and luminosity-weighted line-of-sight velocity dispersions, and compare them to those measured from the Illustris simulation. We find an excellent agreement between our model prediction and the simulation, which validates our modeling. The high efficiency and accuracy of our model manifests itself as a promising tool for studying properties of galaxies with strong lensing., Comment: 27 pages, 17 figures, 1 table; Accepted for publication in ApJ
Published: 2019
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22. A steep slope and small scatter for the high-mass end of the L–σ relation atz∼ 0.55

Author: Yiping Shu, Adam S. Bolton, Benjamin J. Weiner, Joel R. Brownstein, and Antonio D. Montero-Dorta
Subjects: Physics, Effective radius, education.field_of_study, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Population, Astronomy, Velocity dispersion, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, Redshift, Photometry (optics), Baryon, Stars, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: We measure the intrinsic relation between velocity dispersion ($\sigma$) and luminosity ($L$) for massive, luminous red galaxies (LRGs) at redshift $z \sim 0.55$. We achieve unprecedented precision by using a sample of 600,000 galaxies with spectra from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) of the third Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-III), covering a range of stellar masses $M_* \gtrsim 10^{11} M_{\odot}$. We deconvolve the effects of photometric errors, limited spectroscopic signal-to-noise ratio, and red--blue galaxy confusion using a novel hierarchical Bayesian formalism that is generally applicable to any combination of photometric and spectroscopic observables. For an L-$\sigma$ relation of the form $L \propto \sigma^{\beta}$, we find $\beta = 7.8 \pm 1.1$ for $\sigma$ corrected to the effective radius, and a very small intrinsic scatter of $s = 0.047 \pm 0.004$ in $\log_{10} \sigma$ at fixed $L$. No significant redshift evolution is found for these parameters. The evolution of the zero-point within the redshift range considered is consistent with the passive evolution of a galaxy population that formed at redshift $z=2-3$, assuming single stellar populations. An analysis of previously reported results seems to indicate that the passively-evolved high-mass L-$\sigma$ relation at $z\sim0.55$ is consistent with the one measured at $z=0.1$. Our results, in combination with those presented in Montero-Dorta et al. (2014), provide a detailed description of the high-mass end of the red sequence (RS) at $z\sim0.55$. This characterization, in the light of previous literature, suggest that the high-mass RS distribution corresponds to the "core" elliptical population.
Published: 2016

23. Erratum: 'An Accurate Analytic Mass Model for Lensing Galaxies' (2020, ApJ, 892, 62)

Author: Gong-Bo Zhao, Zuhui Fan, Shude Mao, Ran Li, Wei Du, and Yiping Shu
Subjects: Physics, Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Galaxy
Published: 2020

24. Using deep Residual Networks to search for galaxy-Ly{\alpha} emitter lens candidates based on spectroscopic-selection

Author: Hongtao Liu, Yiping Shu, Jiancheng Wang, Rui Li, Jianlin Su, Guobao Zhang, and Haicheng Feng
Subjects: Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Spectral line, Redshift, law.invention, Lens (optics), Baryon, Gravitational lens, Space and Planetary Science, law, Sky, 0103 physical sciences, Emission spectrum, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common
Abstract: More than one hundred galaxy-scale strong gravitational lens systems have been found by searching for the emission lines coming from galaxies with redshifts higher than the lens galaxies. Based on this spectroscopic-selection method, we introduce the deep Residual Networks (ResNet, a kind of deep Convolutional Neural Networks) to search for the galaxy-Ly$\alpha$ emitter (LAE) lens candidates by recognizing the Ly$\alpha$ emission lines coming from high redshift galaxies ($2 < z < 3$) in the spectra of early-type galaxies (ETGs) at middle redshift ($z\sim 0.5$). The spectra of the ETGs come from the Data Release 12 (DR12) of the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey \uppercase\expandafter{\romannumeral3} (SDSS-\uppercase\expandafter{\romannumeral3}). In this paper, we first build a 28 layers ResNet model, and then artificially synthesize 150,000 training spectra, including 140,000 spectra without Ly$\alpha$ lines and 10,000 ones with Ly$\alpha$ lines, to train the networks. After 20 training epochs, we obtain a near-perfect test accuracy at 0.9954. The corresponding loss is 0.0028 and the completeness is 93.6\%. We finally apply our ResNet model to our predictive data with 174 known lens candidates. We obtain 1232 hits including 161 of the 174 known candidates (92.5\% discovery rate). Apart from the hits found in other works, our ResNet model also find 536 new hits. We then perform several subsequent selections on these 536 hits and present 5 most believable lens candidates., Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, Accepted by MNRAS
Published: 2018

25. The strong gravitationally lensed Herschel galaxy HLock01: optical spectroscopy reveals a close galaxy merger with evidence of inflowing gas

Author: P. Martinez-Navajas, C. Jiménez-Ángel, Dimitra Rigopoulou, Julie Wardlow, Rui Marques-Chaves, Douglas Scott, Raphael Gavazzi, Ismael Perez-Fournon, Dominik A. Riechers, Yiping Shu, Duncan Farrah, Seb Oliver, Rob Ivison, Alain Omont, David L. Clements, Hooshang Nayyeri, Antonio Cabrera-Lavers, and Asantha Cooray
Subjects: SIMILAR-TO 2, 0306 Physical Chemistry (Incl. Structural), FOS: Physical sciences, galaxies: starburst, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Galaxy merger, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0305 Organic Chemistry, HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES, Apparent magnitude, 0103 physical sciences, Satellite galaxy, STAR-FORMING GALAXIES, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, INTEGRAL FIELD SPECTROSCOPY, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QB, Physics, Science & Technology, SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, gravitational lensing: strong, Astronomy and Astrophysics, HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Galaxy, Stars, 3RD DATA RELEASE, ULTRAVIOLET-SPECTRUM, 0201 Astronomical And Space Sciences, Gravitational lens, LYMAN-BREAK GALAXIES, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), cosmology: observations, Physical Sciences, DIGITAL SKY SURVEY, Impact parameter, galaxies: evolution, galaxies: individual (HLock01)
Abstract: The submillimeter galaxy (SMG) HERMES J105751.1+573027 (hereafter HLock01) at z = 2.9574 +/- 0.0001 is one of the brightest gravitationally lensed sources discovered in the Herschel Multi-tiered Extragalactic Survey. Apart from the high flux densities in the far-infrared, it is also extremely bright in the rest-frame ultraviolet (UV), with a total apparent magnitude m_UV = 19.7 mag. We report here deep spectroscopic observations with the Gran Telescopio Canarias of the optically bright lensed images of HLock01. Our results suggest that HLock01 is a merger system composed of the Herschel-selected SMG and an optically bright Lyman break-like galaxy (LBG), separated by only 3.3 kpc in projection. While the SMG appears very massive (M* = 5x10^11 Msun), with a highly extinguished stellar component (A_V = 4.3), the LBG is a young, lower-mass (M* = 1x10^10 Msun), but still luminous (10xL*_UV) satellite galaxy. Detailed analysis of the high signal-to-noise (S/N) rest-frame UV spectrum of the LBG shows complex kinematics of the gas, exhibiting both blueshifted and redshifted absorption components. While the blueshifted component is associated with strong galactic outflows from the massive stars in the LBG, as is common in most star-forming galaxies, the redshifted component may be associated with gas inflow seen along a favorable sightline to the LBG. We also find evidence of an extended gas reservoir around HLock01 at an impact parameter of 110 kpc, through the detection of C II 1334$\AA$ absorption in the red wing of a bright Ly-alpha emitter at z = 3.327. The data presented here highlight the power of gravitational lensing in high S/N studies to probe deeply into the physics of high-z star forming galaxies., Comment: 24 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Published: 2018

26. Survey of Gravitationally-lensed Objects in HSC Imaging (SuGOHI). I. Automatic search for galaxy-scale strong lenses

Author: Anton T. Jaelani, Yiping Shu, Masayuki Tanaka, Adam S. Bolton, Masamune Oguri, Alessandro Sonnenfeld, Jean Coupon, Kenneth C. Wong, Yutaka Komiyama, Satoshi Miyazaki, Sherry H. Suyu, Anupreeta More, James H. H. Chan, Atsunori Yonehara, and Chien-Hsiu Lee
Subjects: Physics, Image quality, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Scale (descriptive set theory), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, Redshift, law.invention, Lens (optics), Photometry (optics), Boss, Space and Planetary Science, law, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: The Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC SSP) is an excellent survey for the search for strong lenses, thanks to its area, image quality and depth. We use three different methods to look for lenses among 43,000 luminous red galaxies from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) sample with photometry from the S16A internal data release of the HSC SSP. The first method is a newly developed algorithm, named YATTALENS, which looks for arc-like features around massive galaxies and then estimates the likelihood of an object being a lens by performing a lens model fit. The second method, CHITAH, is a modeling-based algorithm originally developed to look for lensed quasars. The third method makes use of spectroscopic data to look for emission lines from objects at a different redshift from that of the main galaxy. We find 15 definite lenses, 36 highly probable lenses and 282 possible lenses. Among the three methods, YATTALENS, which was developed specifically for this problem, performs best in terms of both completeness and purity. Nevertheless five highly probable lenses were missed by YATTALENS but found by the other two methods, indicating that the three methods are highly complementary. Based on these numbers we expect to find $\sim$300 definite or probable lenses by the end of the HSC SSP., Published on PASJ. 17 pages, 8 figures. Image quality of Figures 6 and 7 has been degraded due to arXiv file size limit. Full quality versions can be found at http://member.ipmu.jp/alessandro.sonnenfeld/sugohi1_candidates.html
Published: 2017

27. SDSS J1640+1932: a spectacular galaxy-quasar strong lens system

Author: Zheng Zheng, Guilin Liu, Zhonglue Wen, Lin Wang, Ran Li, and Yiping Shu
Subjects: Physics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Einstein ring, Image (category theory), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Einstein radius, Galactic halo, symbols.namesake, Gravitational lens, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Elliptical galaxy, symbols, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: We present Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) MegaCam observations of a galaxy-quasar strong gravitational lens system, SDSS J1640+1932. This system, located at z=0.195 (foreground elliptical galaxy) and z=0.778 (background quasar), was first visually identified by us in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) database. Our CFHT imaging with an angular resolution of 0.7$^{\prime \prime}$ clearly resolves 4 lensed images and a nearly complete Einstein ring. Modeling the system with a singular isothermal ellipsoid (SIE) total mass distribution, we find an Einstein radius of ${2.49^{\prime \prime}}_{-0.049}^{+0.063}$ enclosing a inferred mass of $7.25_{-0.29}^{+0.37}\times10^{11} M_{\odot}$. The quasar and its host galaxy have been magnified by a factor of 23, and the time delay relative to the leading image is determined to be 23.4-25.2 days. These parameters vary minimally when our model is fitted to the {\it{g}}-, {\it{r}}- or {\it{i}}-band images., 7 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, MNRAS, accepted
Published: 2017

28. Discovery of a Very Bright and Intrinsically Very Luminous, Strongly Lensed Lyα Emitting Galaxy at z = 2.82 in the BOSS Emission-Line Lens Survey

Author: Matthew A. Cornachione, Antonio D. Montero-Dorta, Ismael Perez-Fournon, Yiping Shu, Shude Mao, Masamune Oguri, P. Martinez-Navajas, Joel R. Brownstein, Rui Marques-Chaves, Adam S. Bolton, Christopher S. Kochanek, and Zheng Zheng
Subjects: Gran Telescopio Canarias, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Einstein radius, law, 0103 physical sciences, William Herschel Telescope, Emission spectrum, Spectroscopy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, evolution [galaxies], Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, observations [cosmology], Baryon, Lens (optics), Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), strong [gravitational lensing], individual (BG1429+1202) [galaxies], Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We report the discovery of a very bright (r = 20.16), highly magnified, and yet intrinsically very luminous Ly{\alpha} emitter (LAE) at z = 2.82. This system comprises four images in the observer plane with a maximum separation of ~ 6" and it is lensed by a z = 0.55 massive early-type galaxy. It was initially identified in the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Emission-Line Lens Survey for GALaxy-Ly{\alpha} EmitteR sYstems (BELLS GALLERY) survey, and follow-up imaging and spectroscopic observations using the Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) and William Herschel Telescope (WHT) confirmed the lensing nature of this system. A lens model using a singular isothermal ellipsoid in an external shear field reproduces quite well the main features of the system, yielding an Einstein radius of 2.95" +/- 0.10", and a total magnification factor for the LAE of 8.8 +/- 0.4. This LAE is one of the brightest and most luminous galaxy-galaxy strong lenses known. We present initial imaging and spectroscopy showing the basic physical and morphological properties of this lensed system., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures
Published: 2017

29. The Sloan Lens ACS Survey. XIII. Discovery of 40 New Galaxy-Scale Strong Lenses

Author: Raphael Gavazzi, Joel R. Brownstein, Léon V. E. Koopmans, Leonidas A. Moustakas, Adam S. Bolton, Yiping Shu, Oliver Czoske, Philip J. Marshall, Antonio D. Montero-Dorta, Matthew W. Auger, Tommaso Treu, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astronomy, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: Initial mass function, Stellar mass, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], INITIAL MASS FUNCTION, FOS: Physical sciences, techniques: image processing, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, dark matter, Einstein radius, SEMILINEAR INVERSION, Spitzer Space Telescope, ELLIPTIC GALAXIES, 0103 physical sciences, GRAVITATIONAL-LENS, TO-LIGHT RATIOS, DARK-MATTER, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, SPECTROSCOPICALLY SELECTED SAMPLE, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, gravitational lensing: strong, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, Gravitational lens, Space and Planetary Science, FUNDAMENTAL PLANE, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), DIGITAL SKY SURVEY, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, methods: observational, Fundamental plane (elliptical galaxies), STELLAR MASS, galaxies: evolution, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: We present the full sample of 118 galaxy-scale strong-lens candidates in the Sloan Lens ACS (SLACS) Survey for the Masses (S4TM) Survey, which are spectroscopically selected from the final data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Follow-up Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging observations confirm that 40 candidates are definite strong lenses with multiple lensed images. The foreground lens galaxies are found to be early-type galaxies (ETGs) at redshifts 0.06 to 0.44, and background sources are emission-line galaxies at redshifts 0.22 to 1.29. As an extension of the SLACS Survey, the S4TM Survey is the first attempt to preferentially search for strong-lens systems with relatively lower lens masses than those in the pre-existing strong-lens samples. By fitting HST data with a singular isothermal ellipsoid model, we find total projected mass within the Einstein radius of the S4TM strong-lens sample ranges from $3 \times10^{10} M_{\odot}$ to $2 \times10^{11} M_{\odot}$. In [Shu15], we have derived the total stellar mass of the S4TM lenses to be $5 \times10^{10} M_{\odot}$ to $1 \times10^{12} M_{\odot}$. Both total enclosed mass and stellar mass of the S4TM lenses are on average almost a factor of 2 smaller than those of the SLACS lenses, which also represent typical mass scales of the current strong-lens samples. The extended mass coverage provided by the S4TM sample can enable a direct test, with the aid of strong lensing, for transitions in scaling relations, kinematic properties, mass structure, and dark-matter content trends of ETGs at intermediate-mass scales as noted in previous studies., Comment: 13 pages, 3 figures, very minor edits to match the ApJ-published version
Published: 2017
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30. Prediction of Supernova Rates in Known Galaxy–Galaxy Strong-lens Systems

Author: Guoliang Li, Adam S. Bolton, Yiping Shu, Shude Mao, Xi Kang, and Monika Soraisam
Subjects: Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Monitoring program, Cosmology, Galaxy, law.invention, Lens (optics), Baryon, Supernova, Reference sample, Space and Planetary Science, law, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Galaxy formation and evolution, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: We propose a new strategy of finding strongly-lensed supernovae (SNe) by monitoring known galaxy-scale strong-lens systems. Strongly lensed SNe are potentially powerful tools for the study of cosmology, galaxy evolution, and stellar populations, but they are extremely rare. By targeting known strongly lensed starforming galaxies, our strategy significantly boosts the detection efficiency for lensed SNe compared to a blind search. As a reference sample, we compile the 128 galaxy-galaxy strong-lens systems from the Sloan Lens ACS Survey (SLACS), the SLACS for the Masses Survey, and the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Emission-Line Lens Survey. Within this sample, we estimate the rates of strongly-lensed Type Ia SN (SNIa) and core-collapse SN (CCSN) to be $1.23 \pm 0.12$ and $10.4 \pm 1.1$ events per year, respectively. The lensed SN images are expected to be widely separated with a median separation of 2 arcsec. Assuming a conservative fiducial lensing magnification factor of 5 for the most highly magnified SN image, we forecast that a monitoring program with a single-visit depth of 24.7 mag (5$\sigma$ point source, $r$ band) and a cadence of 5 days can detect 0.49 strongly-lensed SNIa event and 2.1 strongly-lensed CCSN events per year within this sample. Our proposed targeted-search strategy is particularly useful for prompt and efficient identifications and follow-up observations of strongly-lensed SN candidates. It also allows telescopes with small field of views and limited time to efficiently discover strongly-lensed SNe with a pencil-beam scanning strategy., Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures, ApJ in press
Published: 2018

31. The BOSS Emission-Line Lens Survey. III. : Strong Lensing of Ly$\alpha$ Emitters by Individual Galaxies

Author: Ismael Perez-Fournon, Zhen-Ya Zheng, Joel R. Brownstein, Christopher S. Kochanek, Yiping Shu, Brice Ménard, Shude Mao, Masamune Oguri, Rui Marques-Chaves, Adam S. Bolton, and Antonio D. Montero-Dorta
Subjects: Physics, Dark matter, Lens (geology), Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, dark matter, Galaxy, Boss, Space and Planetary Science, strong [gravitational lensing], 0103 physical sciences, spectroscopic [techniques], Emission spectrum, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, elliptical and lenticular, cD [galaxies], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: We introduce the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Emission-Line Lens Survey (BELLS) for GALaxy-Ly$\alpha$ EmitteR sYstems (BELLS GALLERY) Survey, which is a Hubble Space Telescope program to image a sample of galaxy-scale strong gravitational lens candidate systems with high-redshift Ly$\alpha$ emitters (LAEs) as the background sources. The goal of the BELLS GALLERY Survey is to illuminate dark substructures in galaxy-scale halos by exploiting the small-scale clumpiness of rest-frame far-UV emission in lensed LAEs, and to thereby constrain the slope and normalization of the substructure-mass function. In this paper, we describe in detail the spectroscopic strong-lens selection technique, which is based on methods adopted in the previous Sloan Lens ACS (SLACS) Survey, BELLS, and SLACS for the Masses Survey. We present the BELLS GALLERY sample of the 21 highest-quality galaxy--LAE candidates selected from $\approx 1.4 \times 10^6$ galaxy spectra in the BOSS of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III. These systems consist of massive galaxies at redshifts of approximately 0.5 strongly lensing LAEs at redshifts from 2--3. The compact nature of LAEs makes them an ideal probe of dark substructures, with a substructure-mass sensitivity that is unprecedented in other optical strong-lens samples. The magnification effect from lensing will also reveal the structure of LAEs below 100 pc scales, providing a detailed look at the sites of the most concentrated unobscured star formation in the universe. The source code used for candidate selection is available for download as a part of this release., Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in the ApJ (ApJ, 824, 86). Minor edits to match the ApJ published version
Published: 2016

32. Kiloparsec Mass/Light Offsets in the Galaxy Pair-Ly$\alpha$ Emitter Lens System SDSS\,J1011$+$0143

Author: Daniel Stern, Yiping Shu, Arjun Dey, Joel R. Brownstein, Hyron Spinrad, Adam S. Bolton, Scott Burles, and Leonidas A. Moustakas
Subjects: Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Dark matter, Lens (geology), Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Common emitter
Abstract: We report the discovery of significant mass/light offsets in the strong gravitational lensing system SDSS\,J1011$+$0143. We use the high-resolution \textsl{Hubble Space Telescope} (\textsl{HST}) F555W- and F814W-band imaging and Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) spectroscopy of this system, which consists of a close galaxy pair with a projected separation of $\approx 4.2$ kpc at $z_{\rm lens} \sim 0.331$ lensing a Ly$\alpha$ emitter (LAE) at $z_{\rm source} = 2.701$. Comparisons between the mass peaks inferred from lens models and light peaks from \textsl{HST} imaging data reveal significant spatial mass/light offsets as large as $1.72 \pm 0.24 \pm 0.34$ kpc in both filter bands. Such large mass/light offsets, not seen in isolated field lens galaxies and relaxed galaxy groups, may be related to the interactions between the two lens galaxies. The detected mass/light offsets can potentially serve as an important test for the self-interacting dark matter model. However, other mechanisms such as dynamical friction on spatially differently distributed dark matter and stars could produce similar offsets. Detailed hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy-galaxy interactions with self-interacting dark matter could accurately quantify the effects of different mechanisms. The background LAE is found to contain three distinct star-forming knots with characteristic sizes from 116 pc to 438 pc. It highlights the power of strong gravitational lensing in probing the otherwise too faint and unresolved structures of distance objects below subkiloparsec or even 100 pc scales through its magnification effect., Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, minor edits to match the ApJ published version
Published: 2016

33. The SDSS-IV Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey : overview and early data

Author: Joe Huehnerhoff, Jo Bovy, Jean-Marc Le Goff, Nicolás G. Busca, Matthew A. Bershady, Will J. Percival, Yipeng Jing, Marcio A. G. Maia, Conor Sayres, Diana Holder, Xiaohui Fan, Eric Jullo, Flavia Sobreira, Sergio Rodríguez-Torres, Vikrant Kamble, Antonio D. Montero-Dorta, Yu Liang, Andreas A. Berlind, Patrick Gaulme, Beth Reid, Stephen Bailey, Peter Nugent, Andrea Merloni, Peter M. Frinchaboy, Dmitry Bizyaev, A. C. Rosell, Gong-Bo Zhao, Tracy Naugle, Yen-Ting Lin, Vivek Mariappan, Zhongxu Zhai, Julien Guy, Hélion du Mas des Bourboux, Shirley Ho, Martin White, Éric Aubourg, Abhishek Prakash, Pasquier Noterdaeme, Yuting Wang, Audrey Oravetz, Dustin Lang, Uroš Seljak, W. N. Brandt, Demitri Muna, Patrick Petitjean, Sylvain de la Torre, M. C. Cousinou, Ian D. McGreer, Pierre Laurent, Adam D. Myers, Isabelle Paris, Andres Meza, John J. Ruan, Franco D. Albareti, Etienne Burtin, Kyle S. Dawson, Adam S. Bolton, Alina Streblyanska, Nikhil Padmanabhan, Marcos Lima, Chia-Hsun Chuang, Kaike Pan, Benjamin A. Weaver, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Branimir Sesar, Mariana Vargas-Magaña, Ashley J. Ross, Alice Pisani, Axel de la Macorra, Mark A. Klaene, Nathalie Palanque-Delabrouille, Karen Kinemuchi, Nicholas R. MacDonald, Rita Tojeiro, Nicolas Clerc, Nao Suzuki, Scott F. Anderson, Dan Long, John A. Peacock, Kirpal Nandra, Johan Comparat, D. Kirkby, Anze Slosar, Timothy A. Hutchinson, Michael Blomqvist, Donald P. Schneider, Stephanie Escoffier, Jeremy L. Tinker, Charling Tao, Irene Cruz-González, Jon Brinkmann, Michael Eracleous, Francisco-Shu Kitaura, Hu Zou, Elena Malanushenko, Yiping Shu, Anand Raichoor, W. M. Wood-Vasey, Andreu Font-Ribera, Tom Dwelly, J. Ridl, Graziano Rossi, Hee-Jong Seo, Britt Lundgren, Sarah Shandera, Brice Ménard, Luiz N. da Costa, Shadab Alam, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, Christophe Yèche, Daniel Oravetz, Matthew M. Pieri, Jean-Paul Kneib, Julian E. Bautista, Weipeng Lin, Mara Salvato, Antonis Georgakakis, Alexis Finoguenov, Hong Guo, Florian Beutler, Guangtun Zhu, Jeremy Darling, Zheng Zheng, Frances Cope, Donna Taylor, Francisco Prada, David H. Weinberg, Cheng Li, Rupert A. C. Croft, Joel R. Brownstein, Viktor Malanushenko, Paul J. Green, Jeffrey A. Newman, John K. Parejko, David J. Schlegel, Matthew D. Olmstead, Russ R. Laher, Cameron K. McBride, Cheng Zhao, Timothée Delubac, James Rich, Michael R. Blanton, Eric Armengaud, Anne Ealet, Zheng Cai, Qiufan Lin, University of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomy, AVL, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics [PennState], Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System-Penn State System, Departamento de FisicaTeorica e IFT-UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EPFL Laboratoire d’astrophysique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario], Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Irvine], University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPhP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory [Shanghai] (SHAO), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Departamento de Fisica Matematica, Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik (MPA), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Pittsburgh], University of Pittsburgh (PITT), Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE)-Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE), Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), APC - Cosmologie, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering [Minneapolis] (ECE), University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, China National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture [Beijing] (NRCIEA), Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Shandong University, Laboratoire de Chimie - UMR5182 (LC), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California-University of California, Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Universidad Santiago de Chile, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities], École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Cosmology and Gravitation, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Surveys, 01 natural sciences, surveys, Tests of general relativity, 0103 physical sciences, ST/K0090X/1, QB Astronomy, Emission spectrum, observations [Cosmology], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, STFC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QC, QB, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Física, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, 3rd-DAS, Redshift, Galaxy, Baryon, QC Physics, Space and Planetary Science, cosmology: observations, astro-ph.CO, Baryon acoustic oscillations, Neutrino, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The Astrophysical Journal 151.2 (2016): 44 reproduced by permission of the AAS, In a six-year program started in 2014 July, the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) will conduct novel cosmological observations using the BOSS spectrograph at Apache Point Observatory. These observations will be conducted simultaneously with the Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey (TDSS) designed for variability studies and the Spectroscopic Identification of eROSITA Sources (SPIDERS) program designed for studies of X-ray sources. In particular, eBOSS will measure with percent-level precision the distance-redshift relation with baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) in the clustering of matter. eBOSS will use four different tracers of the underlying matter density field to vastly expand the volume covered by BOSS and map the large-scale-structures over the relatively unconstrained redshift range 0.6 < z < 2.2. Using more than 250,000 new, spectroscopically confirmed luminous red galaxies at a median redshift z = 0.72, we project that eBOSS will yield measurements of the angular diameter distance dA(z) to an accuracy of 1.2% and measurements of H(z) to 2.1% when combined with the z > 0.6 sample of BOSS galaxies. With ∼195,000 new emission line galaxy redshifts, we expect BAO measurements of dA(z) to an accuracy of 3.1% and H(z) to 4.7% at an effective redshift of z = 0.87. A sample of more than 500,000 spectroscopically confirmed quasars will provide the first BAO distance measurements over the redshift range 0.9 < z < 2.2, with expected precision of 2.8% and 4.2% on dA(z) and H(z), respectively. Finally, with 60,000 new quasars and re-observation of 60,000 BOSS quasars, we will obtain new Lyα forest measurements at redshifts z > 2.1; these new data will enhance the precision of dA(z) and H(z) at z > 2.1 by a factor of 1.44 relative to BOSS. Furthermore, eBOSS will provide improved tests of General Relativity on cosmological scales through redshift-space distortion measurements, improved tests for non-Gaussianity in the primordial density field, and new constraints on the summed mass of all neutrino species. Here, we provide an overview of the cosmological goals, spectroscopic target sample, demonstration of spectral quality from early data, and projected cosmological constraints from eBOSS, K.D. acknowledges support from the U.S. Department of Energy under Grant DE-SC000995. J.P.K. and T.D. acknowledge support from the ERC advanced grant LIDA. W.J.P. acknowledges support from the UK STFC through the consolidated grant ST/K0090X/1, and from the European Research Council through grant Darksurvey
Published: 2016

34. The Discrepancy between Einstein Mass and Dynamical Mass for SIS and Power-law Mass Models

Author: Rui Li, Zhaoyi Xu, Jiancheng Wang, and Yiping Shu
Subjects: Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Line-of-sight, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Strong gravitational lensing, FOS: Physical sciences, Velocity dispersion, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Power law, Redshift, Galaxy, Einstein radius, symbols.namesake, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, symbols, Einstein, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We investigate the discrepancy between the two-dimensional projected lensing mass and the dynam- ical mass for an ensemble of 97 strong gravitational lensing systems discovered by the Sloan Lens ACS (SLACS) Survey, the BOSS Emission-Line Lens Survey (BELLS), and the BELLS for GALaxy-Ly{\alpha} EmitteR sYs- tems (BELLS GALLERY) Survey. We fit the lensing data to obtain the Einstein mass, and use the velocity dispersion of the lensing galaxies provided by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) to get the projected dynamical mass within the Einstein radius by assuming the power-law mass approximation. The discrepancy is found to be obvious and quantified by Bayesian analysis. For the singular isothermal sphere (SIS) mass model, we obtain that the Einstein mass is 20.7% more than the dynamical mass, and the discrepancy increases with the redshift of the lensing galaxies. For more general power-law mass model, the discrepancy still exists within 1{\sigma} credible region. The main reason of the the discrepancy could be mass contamination, including all invisible masses along the line of sight. In addition, the measurement errors and the approximation of the mass models could lead to part of the discrepancy., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2018

35. The Eleventh and Twelfth Data Releases of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Final Data from SDSS-III

Author: Shadab Alam, Franco D. Albareti, Carlos Allende Prieto, F. Anders, Scott F. Anderson, Timothy Anderton, Brett H. Andrews, Eric Armengaud, Éric Aubourg, Stephen Bailey, Sarbani Basu, Julian E. Bautista, Rachael L. Beaton, Timothy C. Beers, Chad F. Bender, Andreas A. Berlind, Florian Beutler, Vaishali Bhardwaj, Jonathan C. Bird, Dmitry Bizyaev, Cullen H. Blake, Michael R. Blanton, Michael Blomqvist, John J. Bochanski, Adam S. Bolton, Jo Bovy, A. Shelden Bradley, W. N. Brandt, D. E. Brauer, J. Brinkmann, Peter J. Brown, Joel R. Brownstein, Angela Burden, Etienne Burtin, Nicolás G. Busca, Zheng Cai, Diego Capozzi, Aurelio Carnero Rosell, Michael A. Carr, Ricardo Carrera, K. C. Chambers, William James Chaplin, Yen-Chi Chen, Cristina Chiappini, S. Drew Chojnowski, Chia-Hsun Chuang, Nicolas Clerc, Johan Comparat, Kevin Covey, Rupert A. C. Croft, Antonio J. Cuesta, Katia Cunha, Luiz N. da Costa, Nicola Da Rio, James R. A. Davenport, Kyle S. Dawson, Nathan De Lee, Timothée Delubac, Rohit Deshpande, Saurav Dhital, Letícia Dutra-Ferreira, Tom Dwelly, Anne Ealet, Garrett L. Ebelke, Edward M. Edmondson, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Tristan Ellsworth, Yvonne Elsworth, Courtney R. Epstein, Michael Eracleous, Stephanie Escoffier, Massimiliano Esposito, Michael L. Evans, Xiaohui Fan, Emma Fernández-Alvar, Diane Feuillet, Nurten Filiz Ak, Hayley Finley, Alexis Finoguenov, Kevin Flaherty, Scott W. Fleming, Andreu Font-Ribera, Jonathan Foster, Peter M. Frinchaboy, J. G. Galbraith-Frew, Rafael A. García, D. A. García-Hernández, Ana E. García Pérez, Patrick Gaulme, Jian Ge, R. Génova-Santos, A. Georgakakis, Luan Ghezzi, Bruce A. Gillespie, Léo Girardi, Daniel Goddard, Satya Gontcho A Gontcho, Jonay I. González Hernández, Eva K. Grebel, Paul J. Green, Jan Niklas Grieb, Nolan Grieves, James E. Gunn, Hong Guo, Paul Harding, Sten Hasselquist, Suzanne L. Hawley, Michael Hayden, Fred R. Hearty, Saskia Hekker, Shirley Ho, David W. Hogg, Kelly Holley-Bockelmann, Jon A. Holtzman, Klaus Honscheid, Daniel Huber, Joseph Huehnerhoff, Inese I. Ivans, Linhua Jiang, Jennifer A. Johnson, Karen Kinemuchi, David Kirkby, Francisco Kitaura, Mark A. Klaene, Gillian R. Knapp, Jean-Paul Kneib, Xavier P. Koenig, Charles R. Lam, Ting-Wen Lan, Dustin Lang, Pierre Laurent, Jean-Marc Le Goff, Alexie Leauthaud, Khee-Gan Lee, Young Sun Lee, Timothy C. Licquia, Jian Liu, Daniel C. Long, Martín López-Corredoira, Diego Lorenzo-Oliveira, Sara Lucatello, Britt Lundgren, Robert H. Lupton, Claude E. Mack III, Suvrath Mahadevan, Marcio A. G. Maia, Steven R. Majewski, Elena Malanushenko, Viktor Malanushenko, A. Manchado, Marc Manera, Qingqing Mao, Claudia Maraston, Robert C. Marchwinski, Daniel Margala, Sarah L. Martell, Marie Martig, Karen L. Masters, Savita Mathur, Cameron K. McBride, Peregrine M. McGehee, Ian D. McGreer, Richard G. McMahon, Brice Ménard, Marie-Luise Menzel, Andrea Merloni, Szabolcs Mészáros, Adam A. Miller, Jordi Miralda-Escudé, Hironao Miyatake, Antonio D. Montero-Dorta, Surhud More, Eric Morganson, Xan Morice-Atkinson, Heather L. Morrison, Benôit Mosser, Demitri Muna, Adam D. Myers, Kirpal Nandra, Jeffrey A. Newman, Mark Neyrinck, Duy Cuong Nguyen, Robert C. Nichol, David L. Nidever, Pasquier Noterdaeme, Sebastián E. Nuza, Julia E. O’Connell, Robert W. O’Connell, Ross O’Connell, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, Matthew D. Olmstead, Audrey E. Oravetz, Daniel J. Oravetz, Keisuke Osumi, Russell Owen, Deborah L. Padgett, Nikhil Padmanabhan, Martin Paegert, Nathalie Palanque-Delabrouille, Kaike Pan, John K. Parejko, Isabelle Pâris, Changbom Park, Petchara Pattarakijwanich, M. Pellejero-Ibanez, Joshua Pepper, Will J. Percival, Ismael Pérez-Fournon, Ignasi Pe´rez-Ra`fols, Patrick Petitjean, Matthew M. Pieri, Marc H. Pinsonneault, Gustavo F. Porto de Mello, Francisco Prada, Abhishek Prakash, Adrian M. Price-Whelan, Pavlos Protopapas, M. Jordan Raddick, Mubdi Rahman, Beth A. Reid, James Rich, Hans-Walter Rix, Annie C. Robin, Constance M. Rockosi, Thaíse S. Rodrigues, Sergio Rodríguez-Torres, Natalie A. Roe, Ashley J. Ross, Nicholas P. Ross, Graziano Rossi, John J. Ruan, J. A. Rubiño-Martín, Eli S. Rykoff, Salvador Salazar-Albornoz, Mara Salvato, Lado Samushia, Ariel G. Sánchez, Basílio Santiago, Conor Sayres, Ricardo P. Schiavon, David J. Schlegel, Sarah J. Schmidt, Donald P. Schneider, Mathias Schultheis, Axel D. Schwope, C. G. Scóccola, Caroline Scott, Kris Sellgren, Hee-Jong Seo, Aldo Serenelli, Neville Shane, Yue Shen, Matthew Shetrone, Yiping Shu, V. Silva Aguirre, Thirupathi Sivarani, M. F. Skrutskie, Anže Slosar, Verne V. Smith, Flávia Sobreira, Diogo Souto, Keivan G. Stassun, Matthias Steinmetz, Dennis Stello, Michael A. Strauss, Alina Streblyanska, Nao Suzuki, Molly E. C. Swanson, Jonathan C. Tan, Jamie Tayar, Ryan C. Terrien, Aniruddha R. Thakar, Daniel Thomas, Neil Thomas, Benjamin A. Thompson, Jeremy L. Tinker, Rita Tojeiro, Nicholas W. Troup, Mariana Vargas-Magaña, Jose A. Vazquez, Licia Verde, Matteo Viel, Nicole P. Vogt, David A. Wake, Ji Wang, Benjamin A. Weaver, David H. Weinberg, Benjamin J. Weiner, Martin White, John C. Wilson, John P. Wisniewski, W. M. Wood-Vasey, Christophe Ye`che, Donald G. York, Nadia L. Zakamska, O. Zamora, Gail Zasowski, Idit Zehavi, Gong-Bo Zhao, Zheng Zheng, Xu Zhou (周旭), Zhimin Zhou (周志民), Hu Zou (邹虎), Guangtun Zhu, UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica, University of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomy, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SDSS Collaboration, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules (UMR 6213) (UTINAM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), ITA, USA, GBR, FRA, DEU, ESP, CHN, and Department of Physics
Subjects: 10TH DATA RELEASE, OSCILLATION SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], SOLAR-LIKE STARS, QB Astronomy, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, QC, QB, media_common, Physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Celestial sphere, Composicao estelar, Exoplanet, Radial velocity, atlases, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, [SDU.ASTR.GA]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS, FIXED-DELAY INTERFEROMETRY, Cosmology and Gravitation, astro-ph.SR, GALACTIC EVOLUTION EXPERIMENT, astro-ph.GA, media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, catalogs, surveys, Movimento estelar, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, BROWN DWARF CANDIDATE, LOW-MASS STELLAR, ST/J500665/1, Galáxias, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Quasars, Spectrograph, STFC, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], RCUK, Astronomy, Física, DAS, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https], 115 Astronomy, Space science, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Espectros estelares, Galaxy, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], 1ST DATA RELEASE, Stars, QC Physics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Catalogos astronomicos, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], BARYON ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS, astro-ph.IM
Abstract: The third generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-III) took data from 2008 to 2014 using the original SDSS wide-field imager, the original and an upgraded multi-object fiber-fed optical spectrograph, a new near-infrared high-resolution spectrograph, and a novel optical interferometer. All the data from SDSS-III are now made public. In particular, this paper describes Data Release 11 (DR11) including all data acquired through 2013 July, and Data Release 12 (DR12) adding data acquired through 2014 July (including all data included in previous data releases), marking the end of SDSS-III observing. Relative to our previous public release (DR10), DR12 adds one million new spectra of galaxies and quasars from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) over an additional 3000 sq. deg of sky, more than triples the number of H-band spectra of stars as part of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE), and includes repeated accurate radial velocity measurements of 5500 stars from the Multi-Object APO Radial Velocity Exoplanet Large-area Survey (MARVELS). The APOGEE outputs now include measured abundances of 15 different elements for each star. In total, SDSS-III added 2350 sq. deg of ugriz imaging; 155,520 spectra of 138,099 stars as part of the Sloan Exploration of Galactic Understanding and Evolution 2 (SEGUE-2) survey; 2,497,484 BOSS spectra of 1,372,737 galaxies, 294,512 quasars, and 247,216 stars over 9376 sq. deg; 618,080 APOGEE spectra of 156,593 stars; and 197,040 MARVELS spectra of 5,513 stars. Since its first light in 1998, SDSS has imaged over 1/3 of the Celestial sphere in five bands and obtained over five million astronomical spectra., Comment: DR12 data are available at http://www.sdss3.org/dr12. 30 pages. 11 figures. Accepted to ApJS
Published: 2015

36. The clustering of galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Modeling the clustering and halo occupation distribution of BOSS-CMASS galaxies in the Final Data Release

Author: Yiping Shu, Claudia Maraston, Cameron K. McBride, David J. Schlegel, ChangHoon Hahn, Ginevra Favole, Jeremy L. Tinker, Antonio D. Montero-Dorta, Joel R. Brownstein, Daniel Thomas, Anatoly Klypin, Hong Guo, Adam S. Bolton, Francisco Prada, Francisco-Shu Kitaura, Roman Scoccimarro, Gustavo Yepes, Stefan Gottlöber, Chia-Hsun Chuang, Johan Comparat, Donald P. Schneider, Lado Samushia, Peter Behroozi, and Sergio Rodríguez-Torres
Subjects: Cosmology and Gravitation, Cold dark matter, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), astro-ph.GA, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Correlation function (astronomy), 01 natural sciences, Halo occupation distribution, 0103 physical sciences, abundances [galaxies], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Weak gravitational lensing, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, numerical [methods], Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Galaxy, haloes [galaxies], Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), astro-ph.CO, Halo, large-scale structure of Universe, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present a study of the clustering and halo occupation distribution of BOSS CMASS galaxies in the redshift range 0.43 < z < 0.7 drawn from the Final SDSS-III Data Release. We compare the BOSS results with the predictions of a Halo Abundance Matching (HAM) clustering model that assigns galaxies to dark matter halos selected from the large BigMultiDark $N$-body simulation of a flat $\Lambda$CDM Planck cosmology. We compare the observational data with the simulated ones on a light-cone constructed from 20 subsequent outputs of the simulation. Observational effects such as incompleteness, geometry, veto masks and fiber collisions are included in the model, which reproduces within 1-$\sigma$ errors the observed monopole of the 2-point correlation function at all relevant scales: from the smallest scales, 0.5 $h^{-1}$ Mpc, up to scales beyond the Baryonic Acoustic Oscillation feature. This model also agrees remarkably well with the BOSS galaxy power spectrum (up to $k\sim1$ $h$ Mpc$^{-1}$), and the Three-point correlation function. The quadrupole of the correlation function presents some tensions with observations. We discuss possible causes that can explain this disagreement, including target selection effects. Overall, the standard HAM model describes remarkably well the clustering statistics of the CMASS sample. We compare the stellar to halo mass relation for the CMASS sample measured using weak lensing in the CFHT Stripe 82 Survey with the prediction of our clustering model, and find a good agreement within 1-$\sigma$. The BigMD-BOSS light-cone including properties of BOSS galaxies and halo properties is made publicly available., Comment: 16 pages, 16 figures. See companion papers that share the "The clustering of galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey:" title
Published: 2015
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37. THE BOSS EMISSION-LINE LENS SURVEY. IV. SMOOTH LENS MODELS FOR THE BELLS GALLERY SAMPLE

Author: Ismael Perez-Fournon, Matthew A. Cornachione, Brice Ménard, Antonio D. Montero-Dorta, Yiping Shu, Adam S. Bolton, Zheng Zheng, Shude Mao, Masamune Oguri, Rui Marques-Chaves, Joel R. Brownstein, and Christopher S. Kochanek
Subjects: Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Oscillation, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Radius, Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, Redshift, law.invention, Lens (optics), Baryon, Space and Planetary Science, law, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Emission spectrum, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: We present \textsl{Hubble Space Telescope} (\textsl{HST}) F606W-band imaging observations of 21 galaxy-Ly$\alpha$ emitter lens candidates in the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Emission-Line Lens Survey (BELLS) for GALaxy-Ly$\alpha$ EmitteR sYstems (BELLS GALLERY) survey. 17 systems are confirmed to be definite lenses with unambiguous evidence of multiple imaging. The lenses are primarily massive early-type galaxies (ETGs) at redshifts of approximately $0.55$, while the lensed sources are Ly$\alpha$ emitters (LAEs) at redshifts from 2 to 3. Although the \textsl{HST} imaging data are well fit by smooth lens models consisting of singular isothermal ellipsoids in an external shear field, a thorough exploration of dark substructures in the lens galaxies is required. The Einstein radii of the BELLS GALLERY lenses are on average $60\%$ larger than those of the BELLS lenses because of the much higher source redshifts which will allow a detailed investigation of the radius evolution of the mass profile in ETGs. With the aid of the average $\sim 13 \times$ lensing magnification, the LAEs are resolved to comprise individual star-forming knots of a wide range of properties with characteristic sizes from less than 100 pc to several kpc, rest-frame far UV apparent AB magnitudes from 29.6 to 24.2, and typical projected separations of 500 pc to 2 kpc., Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures, minor edits to match the ApJ published version
Published: 2016

38. The Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey of SDSS-III

Author: Dan Long, Jean-Paul Kneib, Timothée Delubac, Ricardo Genova-Santos, Oliver Steele, Guinevere Kauffmann, Rupert A. C. Croft, Nicolás G. Busca, Will J. Percival, Marcio A. G. Maia, Tomer Tal, James Rich, Cullen H. Blake, Stephen A. Smee, Adam S. Bolton, Ashley J. Ross, Yiping Shu, Beatrice Jordan, Janine Pforr, Andreas A. Berlind, John K. Parejko, Kevin Bundy, Hayley Finley, Joel R. Brownstein, Johan Comparat, David J. Schlegel, Stephanie A. Snedden, Ian D. McGreer, Shirley Ho, D. Kirkby, Howard Brewington, Anže Slosar, James E. Gunn, Michael R. Blanton, Nao Suzuki, Christopher P. Ahn, Karen L. Masters, Fritz Stauffer, Licia Verde, Russell Owen, Jeremy L. Tinker, Jordi Miralda-Escudé, Anne Ealet, Éric Aubourg, M. Jordan Raddick, Nathalie Palanque-Delabrouille, Benjamin A. Weaver, Francisco Prada, Mark A. Klaene, Claudia G. Scóccola, Michael A. Strauss, Alina Streblyanska, Kaike Pan, Arnaud Borde, Craig Loomis, Adrian M. Price-Whelan, Natalia Connolly, Joe Huehnerhoff, Martin Makler, Daryl Haggard, Benjamin J. Weiner, Gong-Bo Zhao, Robert Pfaffenberger, A. Carnero, Martin White, Pasquier Noterdaeme, Antonio J. Cuesta, Jose Alberto Rubino-Martin, Stephen Bailey, Alessandra Beifiori, Patrick McDonald, Khee-Gan Lee, Jo Bovy, Nicholas P. Ross, Jean-Marc Le Goff, Francesco Montesano, Jon Brinkmann, Stephanie Escoffier, Matthew D. Olmstead, M. G. Watson, Natalie A. Roe, Michael A. Carr, Isabelle Pâris, Zheng Zheng, Rafael Rebolo, Gordon T. Richards, Hee-Jong Seo, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Britt Lundgren, Olga Mena, Yue Shen, Audrey Oravetz, Cameron K. McBride, Xiaohui Fan, Molly E. C. Swanson, Frances Cope, K. Honscheid, Graziano Rossi, Tracy Naugle, Matthew M. Pieri, David H. Weinberg, Robert H. Lupton, Viktor Malanushenko, Erin S. Sheldon, Michael Blomqvist, Donald P. Schneider, Luiz N. da Costa, Ben Harris, David W. Harris, Robert C. Nichol, Julian E. Bautista, James R. A. Davenport, Peter J. Brown, Saurav Dhital, Garrett Ebelke, Daniel Margala, Ignasi Pérez-Ràfols, Hong Guo, Robert H. Barkhouser, N. Filiz Ak, Demitri Muna, Scott F. Anderson, Andrew A. West, Elena Malanushenko, Patrick B. Hall, Alaina Shelden, Yanmei Chen, M. Vargas Magaña, Ariel G. Sánchez, William Carithers, Lado Samushia, Dmitry Bizyaev, Kyle S. Dawson, Christy Tremonti, Conor Sayres, Sebastián E. Nuza, Roland de Putter, Diana Holder, Sarah J. Schmidt, Eyal A. Kazin, Richard G. McMahon, Wendell P. Jordan, W. M. Wood-Vasey, Idit Zehavi, Andreu Font-Ribera, W. N. Brandt, Jean-Christophe Hamilton, Christophe Yèche, Patrick Petitjean, Daniel Oravetz, Nikhil Padmanabhan, Ismael Perez-Fournon, Antonio D. Montero-Dorta, Rita Tojeiro, David W. Hogg, Adam D. Myers, Daniel Thomas, Vaishali Bhardwaj, Matteo Viel, David A. Wake, Rachel Mandelbaum, Claudia Maraston, Constance M. Rockosi, Masayuki Tanaka, Marc Manera, University of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomy, APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), BOSS, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Surveys, 01 natural sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, Observacions astronòmiques, 0103 physical sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, observations [Cosmology], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Observations, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Cosmologia, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Angular diameter distance, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Lyman-alpha forest, Redshift, Galaxy, Cosmology, Baryon, Boss, Space and Planetary Science, Astronomia, Baryon acoustic oscillations, Astronomical observations, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) is designed to measure the scale of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) in the clustering of matter over a larger volume than the combined efforts of all previous spectroscopic surveys of large-scale structure. BOSS uses 1.5 million luminous galaxies as faint as i = 19.9 over 10,000 deg(2) to measure BAO to redshifts z < 0.7. Observations of neutral hydrogen in the Ly alpha forest in more than 150,000 quasar spectra (g < 22) will constrain BAO over the redshift range 2.15 < z < 3.5. Early results from BOSS include the first detection of the large-scale three-dimensional clustering of the Ly alpha forest and a strong detection from the Data Release 9 data set of the BAO in the clustering of massive galaxies at an effective redshift z = 0.57. We project that BOSS will yield measurements of the angular diameter distance d(A) to an accuracy of 1.0% at redshifts z = 0.3 and z = 0.57 and measurements of H(z) to 1.8% and 1.7% at the same redshifts. Forecasts for Ly alpha forest constraints predict a measurement of an overall dilation factor that scales the highly degenerate D-A(z) and H-1(z) parameters to an accuracy of 1.9% at z similar to 2.5 when the survey is complete. Here, we provide an overview of the selection of spectroscopic targets, planning of observations, and analysis of data and data quality of BOSS, The successful installation, commissioning, and operation of the Pierre Auger Observatory would not have been possible without the strong commitment and effort fromthe technical and administrative staff in Malarg¨ue. The authors are very grateful to the following agencies and organizations for financial support: Comisi´on Nacional de Energ´ıa At´omica, Fundaci ´on Antorchas, Gobierno De La Provincia de Mendoza, Municipalidad de Malarg¨ue, NDM Holdings and Valle Las Le˜nas, in gratitude for their continuing cooperation over land access,Argentina; theAustralian ResearchCouncil;Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient´ıfico e Tecnol´ogico (CNPq), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP), Minist´erio de Ciˆencia e Tecnologia (MCT), Brazil; AVCR AV0Z10100502 and AV0Z10100522, GAAV KJB100100904, MSMT-CR LA08016, LG11044, MEB111003, MSM0021620859, LA08015, and TACR TA01010517, Czech Republic; Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS, CentreNational de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Conseil R´egional Ile-de- France, D´epartement Physique Nucleaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS), D´epartement Sciences de l’Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS), France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Finanzministerium Baden-W¨urttemberg, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF), Ministerium fur Wissenschaft und Forschung, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ministerium f¨ur Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst, Baden-W¨urttemberg, Germany; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR), Italy; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog´ıa (CONACYT), Mexico; Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap, Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), The Netherlands; Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Grants no. N N202 200239 and N N202 2038, Poland; Fundacao para a Ciˆencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal; Ministry for Higher Education, Science, and Technology, Slovenian Research Agency, Slovenia; Comunidad de Madrid, Consejer´ıa de Educaci´on de la Comunidad de Castilla La Mancha, FEDER funds, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci´on and Consolider- Ingenio 2010 (CPAN), Xunta de Galicia, Spain; Science and Technology Facilities Council, UK; Department of Energy, Contract nos. DE-AC02-07CH11359 and DEFR02- 04ER41300, National Science Foundation, Grant no. 0450696, The Grainger Foundation, USA; NAFOSTED, Vietnam; ALFA-EC/HELEN and UNESCO.
Published: 2013

39. Survey of Gravitationally-lensed Objects in HSC Imaging (SuGOHI). I. Automatic search for galaxy-scale strong lenses.

Author: Alessandro SONNENFELD, CHAN, James H. H., Yiping SHU, MORE, Anupreeta, Masamune OGURI, SUYU, Sherry H., WONG, Kenneth C., Chien-Hsiu LEE, COUPON, Jean, Atsunori YONEHARA, BOLTON, Adam S., JAELANI, Anton T., Masayuki TANAKA, Satoshi MIYAZAKI, and Yutaka KOMIYAMA
Subjects: TELESCOPES, LENSES, ASTRONOMICAL photometry, ASTRONOMICAL instruments, QUASARS, REDSHIFT, GALACTIC redshift, GALAXY spectra
Abstract: The Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC SSP) is an excellent survey for the search for strong lenses, thanks to its area, image quality and depth. We use three different methods to look for lenses among 43,000 luminous red galaxies from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) sample with photometry from the S16A internal data release of the HSC SSP. The first method is a newly developed algorithm, named YATTALENS, which looks for arc-like features around massive galaxies and then estimates the likelihood of an object being a lens by performing a lens model fit. The second method, CHITAH, is a modeling-based algorithm originally developed to look for lensed quasars. The third method makes use of spectroscopic data to look for emission lines from objects at a different redshift from that of the main galaxy. We find 15 definite lenses, 36 highly probable lenses and 282 possible lenses. Among the three methods, YATTALENS, which was developed specifically for this problem, performs best in terms of both completeness and purity. Nevertheless five highly probable lenses were missed by YATTALENS but found by the other two methods, indicating that the three methods are highly complementary. Based on these numbers we expect to find ∼300 definite or probable lenses by the end of the HSC SSP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2018
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40. The Ninth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey

Author: Christopher P. Ahn, Rachael Alexandroff, Carlos Allende Prieto, Scott F. Anderson, Timothy Anderton, Brett H. Andrews, Éric Aubourg, Stephen Bailey, Eduardo Balbinot, Rory Barnes, Julian Bautista, Timothy C. Beers, Alessandra Beifiori, Andreas A. Berlind, Vaishali Bhardwaj, Dmitry Bizyaev, Cullen H. Blake, Michael R. Blanton, Michael Blomqvist, John J. Bochanski, Adam S. Bolton, Arnaud Borde, Jo Bovy, W. N. Brandt, J. Brinkmann, Peter J. Brown, Joel R. Brownstein, Kevin Bundy, N. G. Busca, William Carithers, Aurelio R. Carnero, Michael A. Carr, Dana I. Casetti-Dinescu, Yanmei Chen, Cristina Chiappini, Johan Comparat, Natalia Connolly, Justin R. Crepp, Stefano Cristiani, Rupert A. C. Croft, Antonio J. Cuesta, Luiz N. da Costa, James R. A. Davenport, Kyle S. Dawson, Roland de Putter, Nathan De Lee, Timothée Delubac, Saurav Dhital, Anne Ealet, Garrett L. Ebelke, Edward M. Edmondson, Daniel J. Eisenstein, S. Escoffier, Massimiliano Esposito, Michael L. Evans, Xiaohui Fan, Bruno Femenía Castellá, Emma Fernández Alvar, Leticia D. Ferreira, N. Filiz Ak, Hayley Finley, Scott W. Fleming, Andreu Font-Ribera, Peter M. Frinchaboy, D. A. García-Hernández, A. E. García Pérez, Jian Ge, R. Génova-Santos, Bruce A. Gillespie, Léo Girardi, Jonay I. González Hernández, Eva K. Grebel, James E. Gunn, Hong Guo, Daryl Haggard, Jean-Christophe Hamilton, David W. Harris, Suzanne L. Hawley, Frederick R. Hearty, Shirley Ho, David W. Hogg, Jon A. Holtzman, Klaus Honscheid, J. Huehnerhoff, Inese I. Ivans, Željko Ivezić, Heather R. Jacobson, Linhua Jiang, Jonas Johansson, Jennifer A. Johnson, Guinevere Kauffmann, David Kirkby, Jessica A. Kirkpatrick, Mark A. Klaene, Gillian R. Knapp, Jean-Paul Kneib, Jean-Marc Le Goff, Alexie Leauthaud, Khee-Gan Lee, Young Sun Lee, Daniel C. Long, Craig P. Loomis, Sara Lucatello, Britt Lundgren, Robert H. Lupton, Bo Ma, Zhibo Ma, Nicholas MacDonald, Claude E. Mack, Suvrath Mahadevan, Marcio A. G. Maia, Steven R. Majewski, Martin Makler, Elena Malanushenko, Viktor Malanushenko, A. Manchado, Rachel Mandelbaum, Marc Manera, Claudia Maraston, Daniel Margala, Sarah L. Martell, Cameron K. McBride, Ian D. McGreer, Richard G. McMahon, Brice Ménard, Sz. Meszaros, Jordi Miralda-Escudé, Antonio D. Montero-Dorta, Francesco Montesano, Heather L. Morrison, Demitri Muna, Jeffrey A. Munn, Hitoshi Murayama, Adam D. Myers, A. F. Neto, Duy Cuong Nguyen, Robert C. Nichol, David L. Nidever, Pasquier Noterdaeme, Sebastián E. Nuza, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, Matthew D. Olmstead, Daniel J. Oravetz, Russell Owen, Nikhil Padmanabhan, Nathalie Palanque-Delabrouille, Kaike Pan, John K. Parejko, Prachi Parihar, Isabelle Pâris, Petchara Pattarakijwanich, Joshua Pepper, Will J. Percival, Ismael Pérez-Fournon, Ignasi Pérez-Ràfols, Patrick Petitjean, Janine Pforr, Matthew M. Pieri, Marc H. Pinsonneault, G. F. Porto de Mello, Francisco Prada, Adrian M. Price-Whelan, M. Jordan Raddick, Rafael Rebolo, James Rich, Gordon T. Richards, Annie C. Robin, Helio J. Rocha-Pinto, Constance M. Rockosi, Natalie A. Roe, Ashley J. Ross, Nicholas P. Ross, Graziano Rossi, J. A. Rubiño-Martin, Lado Samushia, J. Sanchez Almeida, Ariel G. Sánchez, Basílio Santiago, Conor Sayres, David J. Schlegel, Katharine J. Schlesinger, Sarah J. Schmidt, Donald P. Schneider, Mathias Schultheis, Axel D. Schwope, C. G. Scóccola, Uros Seljak, Erin Sheldon, Yue Shen, Yiping Shu, Jennifer Simmerer, Audrey E. Simmons, Ramin A. Skibba, M. F. Skrutskie, A. Slosar, Flavia Sobreira, Jennifer S. Sobeck, Keivan G. Stassun, Oliver Steele, Matthias Steinmetz, Michael A. Strauss, Alina Streblyanska, Nao Suzuki, Molly E. C. Swanson, Tomer Tal, Aniruddha R. Thakar, Daniel Thomas, Benjamin A. Thompson, Jeremy L. Tinker, Rita Tojeiro, Christy A. Tremonti, M. Vargas Magaña, Licia Verde, Matteo Viel, Shailendra K. Vikas, Nicole P. Vogt, David A. Wake, Ji Wang, Benjamin A. Weaver, David H. Weinberg, Benjamin J. Weiner, Andrew A. West, Martin White, John C. Wilson, John P. Wisniewski, W. M. Wood-Vasey, Brian Yanny, Christophe Yèche, Donald G. York, O. Zamora, Gail Zasowski, Idit Zehavi, Gong-Bo Zhao, Zheng Zheng, Guangtun Zhu, Joel C. Zinn, APC - Cosmologie, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), BOSS, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Elon University [NC, USA], Department of Astronomy [Seattle], University of Washington [Seattle], The University of Notre Dame [Sydney], Apache point observatory, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPhP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules (UMR 6213) (UTINAM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Universitat de Barcelona, Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Atles, Astrophysics, Surveys, 01 natural sciences, Astronomical spectroscopy, Via láctea, Observatory, Observacions astronòmiques, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, Mapeamentos astronômicos, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Atlases, Astrometry, Cosmology, atlases, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astronomical observations, Cosmology and Gravitation, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, catalogs, surveys, Formacao de galaxias, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Spectrograph, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Cosmologia, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Espectroscòpia, Galaxy, Spectrum analysis, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Stars, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Catalogs, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: The Sloan Digital Sky Survey III (SDSS-III) presents the first spectroscopic data from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS). This ninth data release (DR9) of the SDSS project includes 535,995 new galaxy spectra (median z=0.52), 102,100 new quasar spectra (median z=2.32), and 90,897 new stellar spectra, along with the data presented in previous data releases. These spectra were obtained with the new BOSS spectrograph and were taken between 2009 December and 2011 July. In addition, the stellar parameters pipeline, which determines radial velocities, surface temperatures, surface gravities, and metallicities of stars, has been updated and refined with improvements in temperature estimates for stars with T_eff-0.5. DR9 includes new stellar parameters for all stars presented in DR8, including stars from SDSS-I and II, as well as those observed as part of the SDSS-III Sloan Extension for Galactic Understanding and Exploration-2 (SEGUE-2). The astrometry error introduced in the DR8 imaging catalogs has been corrected in the DR9 data products. The next data release for SDSS-III will be in Summer 2013, which will present the first data from the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) along with another year of data from BOSS, followed by the final SDSS-III data release in December 2014., 9 figures; 2 tables. Submitted to ApJS. DR9 is available at http://www.sdss3.org/dr9
Published: 2012

41. Spectral Classification and Redshift Measurement for the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey

Author: James E. Gunn, Stephen Bailey, Kyle S. Dawson, Adam D. Myers, Joel R. Brownstein, Benjamin A. Weaver, Claudia Maraston, Robert H. Lupton, Nikhil Padmanabhan, Constance M. Rockosi, Michael A. Strauss, Gillian R. Knapp, Christy Tremonti, Daniel Thomas, Nicholas P. Ross, David J. Schlegel, W. Michael Wood-Vasey, Donald P. Schneider, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Patrick Petitjean, Adam S. Bolton, Vaishali Bhardwaj, Demitri Muna, Yiping Shu, Craig P. Loomis, David A. Wake, Éric Aubourg, Scott Burles, Will J. Percival, Matthew D. Olmstead, Yanmei Chen, Isabelle Paris, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SDSS-III, APC - Cosmologie, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Stellar classification, 01 natural sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], surveys, 0103 physical sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, methods: data analysis, Galaxy, Redshift, Baryon, Stars, Boss, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], techniques: spectroscopic, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: (abridged) We describe the automated spectral classification, redshift determination, and parameter measurement pipeline in use for the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III (SDSS-III) as of Data Release 9, encompassing 831,000 moderate-resolution optical spectra. We give a review of the algorithms employed, and describe the changes to the pipeline that have been implemented for BOSS relative to previous SDSS-I/II versions, including new sets of stellar, galaxy, and quasar redshift templates. For the color-selected CMASS sample of massive galaxies at redshift 0.4, Comment: 20 pages, multiple figures. Minor changes relative to version 1. Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
Published: 2012

42. The BOSS Emission-Line Lens Survey. II. Investigating Mass-Density Profile Evolution in the SLACS+BELLS Strong Gravitational Lens Sample

Author: Claudia Maraston, Benjamin A. Weaver, Joel R. Brownstein, Christopher S. Kochanek, Ryan A. Arneson, Yiping Shu, Daniel J. Eisenstein, David A. Wake, David J. Schlegel, Adam S. Bolton, and Natalia Connolly
Subjects: Physics, Effective radius, COSMIC cancer database, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Stellar mass, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, Redshift, Gravitational lens, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Elliptical galaxy, Emission spectrum, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present an analysis of the evolution of the central mass-density profile of massive elliptical galaxies from the SLACS and BELLS strong gravitational lens samples over the redshift interval z ~ 0.1-0.6, based on the combination of strong-lensing aperture mass and stellar velocity-dispersion constraints. We find a significant trend towards steeper mass profiles (parameterized by the power-law density model with rho ~ r^[-gamma]) at later cosmic times, with magnitude d/dz = -0.60 +/- 0.15. We show that the combined lens-galaxy sample is consistent with a non-evolving distribution of stellar velocity dispersions. Considering possible additional dependence of on lens-galaxy stellar mass, effective radius, and Sersic index, we find marginal evidence for shallower mass profiles at higher masses and larger sizes, but with a significance that is sub-dominant to the redshift dependence. Using the results of published Monte Carlo simulations of spectroscopic lens surveys, we verify that our mass-profile evolution result cannot be explained by lensing selection biases as a function of redshift. Interpreted as a true evolutionary signal, our result suggests that major dry mergers involving off-axis trajectories play a significant role in the evolution of the average mass-density structure of massive early-type galaxies over the past 6 Gyr. We also consider an alternative non-evolutionary hypothesis based on variations in the strong-lensing measurement aperture with redshift, which would imply the detection of an "inflection zone" marking the transition between the baryon-dominated and dark-matter halo-dominated regions of the lens galaxies. Further observations of the combined SLACS+BELLS sample can constrain this picture more precisely, and enable a more detailed investigation of the multivariate dependences of galaxy mass structure across cosmic time., Comment: 10 pages emulateapj, revised and expanded, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Published: 2012
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43. Erratum: 'The Eighth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Data from SDSS-III' (2011, ApJS, 193, 29)

Author: Thirupathi Sivarani, Sara Lucatello, Gillian R. Knapp, Viktor Malanushenko, Timothy C. Beers, Brian Yanny, Isabelle Pâris, Natalia Connolly, M. Jordanraddick, Garrettl Ebelke, Andreas A. Berlind, Andreu Font-Ribera, Nicholasp Ross, Brice Ménard, Patrick Petitjean, Erin Sheldon, Michaelr Blanton, Constance M. Rockosi, Marcioa G. Maia, Conor Sayres, Emmanuel Rollinde, Eduardo Balbinot, Nicolás G. Busca, Peterj Brown, Jeffrey A. Munn, Dan Long, Zhibo Ma, Naoki Yasuda, Rupert A. C. Croft, David W. Hogg, Nicholas MacDonald, Adrianm Price-Whelan, Deokkeun An, Arielg Sánchez, Joel R. Brownstein, Steven J. Bickerton, Adam S. Bolton, Licia Verde, Cathy Jordan, Céline Reylé, Yanmei Chen, Michael L. Evans, David J. Schlegel, Jon A. Holtzman, Jean-Paul Kneib, Cameron K. McBride, Jonay I. González Hernández, Frederick R. Hearty, Matthias Steinmetz, Gerry Gilmore, Peterm Frinchaboy, John J. Bochanski, Luiz N. da Costa, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, Will J. Percival, Jean Marc Le Goff, Kaike Pan, Demitri Muna, Kyle S. Dawson, Benjamina Weaver, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Fergal Mullally, Xiaohui Fan, Lars Koesterke, J. Richard Gott, Heather L. Morrison, Simon D. M. White, Shirley Ho, David W. Harris, Hiroaki Aihara, Daniel Thomas, Janine Pforr, Eva K. Grebel, K. Honscheid, Scott F. Anderson, Benjaminm Tofflemire, Claudia Maraston, M. Esposito, James E. Gunn, Karen L. Masters, Jian Ge, Christy Tremonti, Donaldp Schneider, Christophe Pichon, Robert H. Lupton, Carlos Allende Prieto, Jennifer A. Johnson, Sarah J. Schmidt, Daniel Margala, Dustin Lang, James R. A. Davenport, Masayuki Tanaka, Angelo Fausti Neto, Naohisa Inada, Andrew Gould, Hitoshi Murayama, Martin Makler, Ji Wang, Cristina Chiappini, Eyal A. Kazin, Suzanne L. Hawley, Jan Vandenberg, P. M. McGehee, David H. Weinberg, Alexander S. Szalay, Yen-Ting Lin, Natalie A. Roe, Aniruddha R. Thakar, Matthewd Olmstead, Jo Bovy, Rita Tojeiro, Christophe Yèche, Daniel Oravetz, David A. Wake, Nathalie Palanque-Delabrouille, Christopher S. Kochanek, Gordont Richards, Jennifer Simmerer, Stefanie Phleps, Linhua Jiang, Beatriz H. F. Ramos, Martin White, Rachel Mandelbaum, Nicole P. Vogt, W. N. Brandt, Edward M. Edmondson, Jordi Miralda-Escudé, Matthewm Pieri, James Rich, Hans-Walter Rix, Stephanie Escoffier, Richard G. Kron, Annie C. Robin, Craig P. Loomis, Suvrath Mahadevan, Robert C. Nichol, Duy Cuong Nguyen, Idit Zehavi, Jean Christophe Hamilton, Katharine J. Schlesinger, Saurav Dhital, Inese I. Ivans, Jennifer Sobeck, Britt Lundgren, Marina Cortês, Bruno Femenía Castellá, Adam D. Myers, Robert W. O'Connell, Jeremyl Tinker, H. Campbell, Iand McGreer, Nikhil Padmanabhan, Robert Pfaffenberger, Parul Pandey, Mark A. Klaene, Bruce Gillespie, Bruno M. Rossetto, Johan Comparat, Antonioj Cuesta, Tracy Naugle, D. Kirkby, Hubert Lampeitl, Éric Aubourg, H. J. Rocha-Pinto, Michael A. Carr, J. Brinkmann, Young Sun Lee, Ashleyj Ross, Anne Ealet, Michael A. Strauss, Yiping Shu, Stephanie A. Snedden, Wendellp Jordan, Francisco Prada, Dmitry Bizyaev, Elena Malanushenko, M. Vargas Magaña, Juna A. Kollmeier, Paul Harding, Audrey Simmons, APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules (UMR 6213) (UTINAM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), SDSS-III, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
Subjects: Systematic error, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrometry, 01 natural sciences, Declination, Imaging data, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Celestial pole, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Data release, Quality information, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common
Abstract: Section 3.5 of Aihara et al. (2011) described various sources of systematic error in the astrometry of the imaging data of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). In addition to these sources of error, there is an additional and more serious error, which introduces a large systematic shift in the astrometry over a large area around the north celestial pole. The region has irregular boundaries but in places extends as far south as declination δ ≈ 41◦. The sense of the shift is that the positions of all sources in the affected area are offset by roughly 250 mas in a northwest direction. We have updated the SDSS online documentation to reflect these errors, and to provide detailed quality information for each SDSS field.
Published: 2011

44. THE SLOAN LENS ACS SURVEY. XII. EXTENDING STRONG LENSING TO LOWER MASSES

Author: Leonidas A. Moustakas, Tommaso Treu, Oliver Czoske, Yiping Shu, Léon V. E. Koopmans, Raphael Gavazzi, Joel R. Brownstein, Adam S. Bolton, Philip J. Marshall, Antonio D. Montero-Dorta, Matthew W. Auger, and Kapteyn Astronomical Institute
Subjects: Physics, methods: statistical, education.field_of_study, Initial mass function, Dark matter, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, gravitational lensing: strong, Velocity dispersion, techniques: image processing, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, dark matter, Galaxy, Einstein radius, Spitzer Space Telescope, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Halo, galaxies: evolution, education, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: We present observational results from a new Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Snapshot program to extend the methods of the Sloan Lens ACS (SLACS) Survey to lower lens-galaxy masses. We discover 40 new galaxy-scale strong lenses, which we supplement with 58 previously discovered SLACS lenses. In addition, we determine the posterior PDFs of the Einstein radius for 33 galaxies (18 new and 15 from legacy SLACS data) based on single lensed images. We find a less-than-unity slope of $0.64\pm0.06$ for the $\log_{10} {\sigma}_*$-$\log_{10} {\sigma}_{\rm SIE}$ relation, which corresponds to a 6-$\sigma$ evidence that the total mass-density profile of early-type galaxies varies systematically in the sense of being shallower at higher lens-galaxy velocity dispersions. The trend is only significant when single-image systems are considered, highlighting the importance of including both "lenses" and "non-lenses" for an unbiased treatment of the lens population when extending to lower mass ranges. By scaling simple stellar population models to the HST I-band data, we identify a strong trend of increasing dark-matter fraction at higher velocity dispersions, which can be alternatively interpreted as a trend in the stellar initial mass function (IMF) normalization. Consistent with previous findings and the suggestion of a non-universal IMF, we find that a Salpeter IMF is ruled out for galaxies with velocity dispersion less than $180$ km/s. Considered together, our mass-profile and dark-matter-fraction trends with increasing galaxy mass could both be explained by an increasing relative contribution on kiloparsec scales from a dark-matter halo with a spatial profile more extended than that of the stellar component., Comment: 19 pages, 12 figures, revision accepted for publication in the ApJ after incorporating referee's comments
Published: 2015

45. SDSS J1640+1932: a spectacular galaxy–quasar strong lens system.

Author: Lin Wang, Yiping Shu, Ran Li, Zheng Zheng, Zhonglue Wen, and Guilin Liu
Subjects: *QUASARS, *RADIO sources (Astronomy), *ASTROPHYSICAL jets, *ELLIPTICAL galaxies, *ISOTHERMAL flows
Abstract: We present Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) MegaCam observations of a galaxy–quasar strong gravitational lens system, SDSS J1640+1932. This system, located at z = 0.195 (foreground elliptical galaxy) and z = 0.778 (background quasar), was first visually identified by us in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey data base. Our CFHT imaging with an angular resolution of 0.7 arcsec clearly resolves four lensed images and a nearly complete Einstein ring. Modelling the system with a singular isothermal ellipsoid total mass distribution, we find an Einstein radius of 2.49''+0.063-0.049 enclosing an inferred mass of 7.25+0.37-0.29 × 1011 M⊙. The quasar and its host galaxy have been magnified by a factor of 23, and the time delay relative to the leading image is determined to be 23.4-25.2 d. These parameters vary minimally when our model is fitted to the g-, r- or i-band images. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2017
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46. A direct measurement of the high-mass end of the velocity dispersion function at z ~ 0.55 from SDSS-III/BOSS.

Author: Montero-Dorta, Antonio D., Bolton, Adam S., and Yiping Shu
Subjects: PROBABILITY density function, ASTROPHYSICS, LUMINOSITY, MICROWAVE reflectometry, PHOTOMETRIC stereo
Abstract: We report the first direct spectroscopic measurement of the velocity dispersion function (VDF) for the high-mass red sequence (RS) galaxy population at redshift z ∼ 0.55. We achieve high precision by using a sample of 600 000 massive galaxies with spectra from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) of the third Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-III), covering stellar masses M* ≳ 1011M☉. We determine the VDF by projecting the joint probability density function (PDF) of luminosity L and velocity dispersion σ, i.e. p(L, σ), defined by our previous measurements of the RS luminosity function and L-σ relation for this sample. These measurements were corrected from red-blue galaxy population confusion, photometric blurring, incompleteness and selection effects within a forward-modelling framework that furthermore correctly accommodates the low spectroscopic signal-to-noise ratio of individual BOSS spectra. Our z ~0.55 RS VDF is in overall agreement with the z ∼ 0 early-type galaxy (ETG) VDF at log10 σ ≳ 2.47; however, the number density of z = 0.55 RS galaxies that we report is larger than that of z = 0 ETG galaxies at 2.35 ≳ log10 σ ≳ 2.47. The extrapolation of an intermediate-mass L-σ relation towards the high-mass end in previous low-z works may be responsible for this disagreement. Evolutionary interpretation of this comparison is also subject to differences in the way the respective samples are selected; these differences can be mitigated in future work by analysing z = 0 SDSS data using the same framework presented in this paper. We also provide the sample PDF for the RS population (i.e. uncorrected for incompleteness), which is a key ingredient for gravitational lensing analyses using BOSS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2017
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47. THE TENTH DATA RELEASE OF THE SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY: FIRST SPECTROSCOPIC DATA FROM THE SDSS-III APACHE POINT OBSERVATORY GALACTIC EVOLUTION EXPERIMENT

Author: Christopher P. Ahn, Rachael Alexandroff, Carlos Allende Prieto, Friedrich Anders, Scott F. Anderson, Timothy Anderton, Brett H. Andrews, Éric Aubourg, Stephen Bailey, Fabienne A. Bastien, Julian E. Bautista, Timothy C. Beers, Alessandra Beifiori, Chad F. Bender, Andreas A. Berlind, Florian Beutler, Vaishali Bhardwaj, Jonathan C. Bird, Dmitry Bizyaev, Cullen H. Blake, Michael R. Blanton, Michael Blomqvist, John J. Bochanski, Adam S. Bolton, Arnaud Borde, Jo Bovy, Alaina Shelden Bradley, W. N. Brandt, Dorothée Brauer, J. Brinkmann, Joel R. Brownstein, Nicolás G. Busca, William Carithers, Joleen K. Carlberg, Aurelio R. Carnero, Michael A. Carr, Cristina Chiappini, S. Drew Chojnowski, Chia-Hsun Chuang, Johan Comparat, Justin R. Crepp, Stefano Cristiani, Rupert A. C. Croft, Antonio J. Cuesta, Katia Cunha, Luiz N. da Costa, Kyle S. Dawson, Nathan De Lee, Janice D. R. Dean, Timothée Delubac, Rohit Deshpande, Saurav Dhital, Anne Ealet, Garrett L. Ebelke, Edward M. Edmondson, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Courtney R. Epstein, Stephanie Escoffier, Massimiliano Esposito, Michael L. Evans, D. Fabbian, Xiaohui Fan, Ginevra Favole, Bruno Femenía Castellá, Emma Fernández Alvar, Diane Feuillet, Nurten Filiz Ak, Hayley Finley, Scott W. Fleming, Andreu Font-Ribera, Peter M. Frinchaboy, J. G. Galbraith-Frew, D. A. García-Hernández, Ana E. García Pérez, Jian Ge, R. Génova-Santos, Bruce A. Gillespie, Léo Girardi, Jonay I. González Hernández, J. Richard Gott, James E. Gunn, Hong Guo, Samuel Halverson, Paul Harding, David W. Harris, Sten Hasselquist, Suzanne L. Hawley, Michael Hayden, Frederick R. Hearty, Artemio Herrero Davó, Shirley Ho, David W. Hogg, Jon A. Holtzman, Klaus Honscheid, Joseph Huehnerhoff, Inese I. Ivans, Kelly M. Jackson, Peng Jiang, Jennifer A. Johnson, K. Kinemuchi, David Kirkby, Mark A. Klaene, Jean-Paul Kneib, Lars Koesterke, Ting-Wen Lan, Dustin Lang, Jean-Marc Le Goff, Alexie Leauthaud, Khee-Gan Lee, Young Sun Lee, Daniel C. Long, Craig P. Loomis, Sara Lucatello, Robert H. Lupton, Bo Ma, Claude E. Mack, Suvrath Mahadevan, Marcio A. G. Maia, Steven R. Majewski, Elena Malanushenko, Viktor Malanushenko, A. Manchado, Marc Manera, Claudia Maraston, Daniel Margala, Sarah L. Martell, Karen L. Masters, Cameron K. McBride, Ian D. McGreer, Richard G. McMahon, Brice Ménard, Sz. Mészáros, Jordi Miralda-Escudé, Hironao Miyatake, Antonio D. Montero-Dorta, Francesco Montesano, Surhud More, Heather L. Morrison, Demitri Muna, Jeffrey A. Munn, Adam D. Myers, Duy Cuong Nguyen, Robert C. Nichol, David L. Nidever, Pasquier Noterdaeme, Sebastián E. Nuza, Julia E. O'Connell, Robert W. O'Connell, Ross O'Connell, Matthew D. Olmstead, Daniel J. Oravetz, Russell Owen, Nikhil Padmanabhan, Nathalie Palanque-Delabrouille, Kaike Pan, John K. Parejko, Prachi Parihar, Isabelle Pâris, Joshua Pepper, Will J. Percival, Ignasi Pérez-Ràfols, Hélio Dotto Perottoni, Patrick Petitjean, Matthew M. Pieri, M. H. Pinsonneault, Francisco Prada, Adrian M. Price-Whelan, M. Jordan Raddick, Mubdi Rahman, Rafael Rebolo, Beth A. Reid, Jonathan C. Richards, Rogério Riffel, Annie C. Robin, H. J. Rocha-Pinto, Constance M. Rockosi, Natalie A. Roe, Ashley J. Ross, Nicholas P. Ross, Graziano Rossi, Arpita Roy, J. A. Rubiño-Martin, Cristiano G. Sabiu, Ariel G. Sánchez, Basílio Santiago, Conor Sayres, Ricardo P. Schiavon, David J. Schlegel, Katharine J. Schlesinger, Sarah J. Schmidt, Donald P. Schneider, Mathias Schultheis, Kris Sellgren, Hee-Jong Seo, Yue Shen, Matthew Shetrone, Yiping Shu, Audrey E. Simmons, M. F. Skrutskie, Anže Slosar, Verne V. Smith, Stephanie A. Snedden, Jennifer S. Sobeck, Flavia Sobreira, Keivan G. Stassun, Matthias Steinmetz, Michael A. Strauss, Alina Streblyanska, Nao Suzuki, Molly E. C. Swanson, Ryan C. Terrien, Aniruddha R. Thakar, Daniel Thomas, Benjamin A. Thompson, Jeremy L. Tinker, Rita Tojeiro, Nicholas W. Troup, Jan Vandenberg, Mariana Vargas Magaña, Matteo Viel, Nicole P. Vogt, David A. Wake, Benjamin A. Weaver, David H. Weinberg, Benjamin J. Weiner, Martin White, Simon D. M. White, John C. Wilson, John P. Wisniewski, W. M. Wood-Vasey, Christophe Yèche, Donald G. York, O. Zamora, Gail Zasowski, Idit Zehavi, Gong-Bo Zhao, Zheng Zheng, Guangtun Zhu, University of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomy, APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules (UMR 6213) (UTINAM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), BOSS, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat de Barcelona, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
Subjects: [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Red giant, Espectros astronômicos, Astrophysics, Surveys, Astronomical spectroscopy, Observatory, Observacions astronòmiques, QB Astronomy, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, QC, QB, media_common, Mapeamentos astronômicos, Physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Atlases, Cosmology, atlases, [SDU.ASTR.GA]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astronomical observations, Cosmology and Gravitation, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], media_common.quotation_subject, Milky Way, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, catalogs, surveys, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, Galaxy formation and evolution, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Cosmologia, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Espectroscòpia, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Spectrum analysis, Galaxy, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], [PHYS.ASTR.GA]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], QC Physics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Catalogos astronomicos, Catalogs
Abstract: The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) has been in operation since 2000 April. This paper presents the tenth public data release (DR10) from its current incarnation, SDSS-III. This data release includes the first spectroscopic data from the Apache Point Observatory Galaxy Evolution Experiment (APOGEE), along with spectroscopic data from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) taken through 2012 July. The APOGEE instrument is a near-infrared R~22,500 300-fiber spectrograph covering 1.514--1.696 microns. The APOGEE survey is studying the chemical abundances and radial velocities of roughly 100,000 red giant star candidates in the bulge, bar, disk, and halo of the Milky Way. DR10 includes 178,397 spectra of 57,454 stars, each typically observed three or more times, from APOGEE. Derived quantities from these spectra (radial velocities, effective temperatures, surface gravities, and metallicities) are also included.DR10 also roughly doubles the number of BOSS spectra over those included in the ninth data release. DR10 includes a total of 1,507,954 BOSS spectra, comprising 927,844 galaxy spectra; 182,009 quasar spectra; and 159,327 stellar spectra, selected over 6373.2 square degrees., 15 figures; 1 table. Accepted to ApJS. DR10 is available at http://www.sdss3.org/dr10 v3 fixed 3 diacritic markings in the arXiv HTML listing of the author names
Published: 2014

48. The clustering of galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: modelling the clustering and halo occupation distribution of BOSS CMASS galaxies in the Final Data Release.

Author: Rodríguez-Torres, Sergio A., Chia-Hsun Chuang, Prada, Francisco, Hong Guo, Klypin, Anatoly, Behroozi, Peter, Chang Hoon Hahn, Comparat, Johan, Yepes, Gustavo, Montero-Dorta, Antonio D., Brownstein, Joel R., Maraston, Claudia, McBride, Cameron K., Tinker, Jeremy, Gottlöber, Stefan, Favole, Ginevra, Yiping Shu, Kitaura, Francisco-Shu, Bolton, Adam, and Scoccimarro, Román
Subjects: GALAXY clusters, DARK matter, PLANCK (Artificial satellite), CLUSTERING of particles, BARYONS
Abstract: We present a study of the clustering and halo occupation distribution of Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) CMASS galaxies in the redshift range 0.43 < z < 0.7 drawn from the Final SDSS-III Data Release. We compare the BOSS results with the predictions of a halo abundance matching (HAM) clustering model that assigns galaxies to dark matter haloes selected from the large Big Multi Dark N-body simulation of a flat Λ cold dark matter Planck cosmology. We compare the observational data with the simulated ones on a light cone constructed from 20 subsequent outputs of the simulation. Observational effects such as incompleteness, geometry, veto masks and fibre collisions are included in the model, which reproduces within 1σ errors the observed monopole of the two-point correlation function at all relevant scales: from the smallest scales, 0.5 h-1 Mpc, up to scales beyond the baryon acoustic oscillation feature. This model also agrees remarkably well with the BOSS galaxy power spectrum (up to k ~ 1 h Mpc-1), and the three-point correlation function. The quadrupole of the correlation function presents some tensions with observations. We discuss possible causes that can explain this disagreement, including target selection effects. Overall, the standard HAM model describes remarkably well the clustering statistics of the CMASS sample. We compare the stellar-to-halo mass relation for the CMASS sample measured using weak lensing in the Canada--France--Hawaii Telescope Stripe 82 Survey with the prediction of our clustering model, and find a good agreement within 1σ. The BigMD-BOSS light cone including properties of BOSS galaxies and halo properties is made publicly available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2016
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49. A steep slope and small scatter for the high-mass end of the L-σ relation at z ~ 0.55.

Author: Montero-Dorta, Antonio D., Yiping Shu, Bolton, Adam S., Brownstein, Joel R., and Weiner, Benjamin J.
Subjects: *STELLAR luminosity function, *STELLAR mass, *ASTRONOMICAL photometry, *BAYESIAN analysis
Abstract: We measure the intrinsic relation between velocity dispersion (s) and luminosity (L) for massive, luminous red galaxies at redshift z ~ 0.55. We achieve unprecedented precision by using a sample of 600 000 galaxies with spectra from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey of the third Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-III), covering a range of stellar masses M* ≳ 1011M⊙.We deconvolve the effects of photometric errors, limited spectroscopic signalto- noise ratio, and red-blue galaxy confusion using a novel hierarchical Bayesian formalism that is generally applicable to any combination of photometric and spectroscopic observables. For an L-σ relation of the form L ∝ σβ, we find β = 7.8 ± 1.1 for σ corrected to the effective radius, and a very small intrinsic scatter of s = 0.047 ± 0.004 in log10σ at fixed L. No significant redshift evolution is found for these parameters. The evolution of the zeropoint within the redshift range considered is consistent with the passive evolution of a galaxy population that formed at redshift z = 2-3, assuming single stellar populations. An analysis of previously reported results seems to indicate that the passively evolved high-mass L-σ relation at z ~ 0.55 is consistent with the one measured at z = 0.1. Our results, in combination with those presented in the LF work of Montero-Dorta et al., provide a detailed description of the high-mass end of the red sequence (RS) at z ~ 0.55. This characterization, in the light of previous literature, suggest that the high-mass RS distribution corresponds to the 'core' elliptical population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2016
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50. Strong Lenses With Single Images

Author: Joel R. Brownstein, Yiping Shu, and Adam S. Bolton
Subjects: Physics, Optics, Space and Planetary Science, business.industry, Astronomy and Astrophysics, business
Abstract: SLACS for the masses is the extension of the successful Sloan Lens ACS (SLACS) survey (Bolton et al. 2006, Treu et al. 2006, Koopmans et al. 2006, Gavazzi et al. 2007 and Bolton et al. 2008) but focuses on the lower-mass end of elliptical galaxies (EGs) to yield a more complete strong-lens sample. As to date, 118 out of the 137 proposed candidates have been observed and inspected individually.
Published: 2012

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